publication 22
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1TCC DIGEST
From the
Presidents Desk
Raja Rajesvaram - Tanjore
CHOZHA NAACHIAR RAJASEKAR
President & Editor, TCC Digest
N - F
Feedback to [email protected]
Q b
Our Union Budget is around the corner. The trade and industry expects more incentives, concessions and schemfor the development which will enhance the economic growth. Since this is the new government full time budgthere will be general expectation from the business community for the total reformation and restructuring ansimplification of tax procedure and administration.
The budget should give priority to infrastructure projects like roads, rail network, ports etc and agriculturaeducation and health sector.
The common man expects rising of Income Tax limits and reduction of Income tax rates. The implementation GST is a long time expected, we have to watch how the centre is going to implement by convincing all the Sta
governments which will be known during the budget.
The Railway budget on 26th February should have more concentration on dedicated freight corridors anutilization of railway land for the economic development and more facilities, safety and security for the passengeall round the country.
Public Private Partnership of railway projects is the expectation of trade for commercial improvement infrastructure.
The Delhi election result shows the democratic rights of the people to decide the government. The electgovernment should fulfill the expectation of the common and middle class people who voted for them.
Our Chamber in association with Sri Krishna Sweets organizing a series of programs since last year in the namFI Mwith an additional feature of P this year. First program this year was held recently on the theme H Q by Thiru Sugi Sivam and Kovai Sri SruthilayCultural Academy unique dance program on FJ by the students. The program is goito continue every month on different themes and requesting the members to participate in all the programs.
On March 3rd of this year, TCC Post Budget Analysis Meeting as usual and experts from the field of CustomCentral Excise, Trade & Industry, Tax experts are being invited to review on the Central budget. The chamb
expects the members to participate in large numbers to enrich the knowledge of the new budget.The Chamber Member delegates had visited Sri City SEZ located at Tada, A.P recently. This year more factovisits are planned and request the members to participate in the factory visit.
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From theSecretarys Desk
S.S.R. RajkumHonorary Secreta
In population, India is second largest in the world. With about 50% of the population underthe age of 25, about 10 million youngsters will be added each year in the next decade for
employments. In addition, a sizeable number of workers will be leaving agriculture. 5 Milliondid so between 2004 and 2012. Even after allowing 5 Million Senior Citizens to leave the workforce, the nation must create 10 million new jobs every year, with adequate raraavis for ownbusiness to futz around.
We have heard politicians making a liviathan cry that there is brain drain and that our studentsleave for US, UK, and Germany. When higher studies are denied domestically pummeled forcauses of caste, creed and sects, the bright ones are leaving to peek for studies andresplendent settlement. There is nothing wrong if talented young persons look for opportunities to show their mettin USA or elsewhere. They constitute not brain drain but brain bank, because nowadays, knowledge sharing throuI.T enabled services has become instantaneous and it is immaterial where one works. With a renege self - governmefor over 67 years has not fervid chances locally, at least the burden is reduced by bright students by additionalearning name for the country also.
But these days, owing to various factors, the number of job opportunities overseas is greatly reduced along with thos
retained. To cope up with Indian demand in future years, a different planning is required. Gone are the days whcompanies hired or promoted people based on educational qualifications, marks, percentages or grades. It is time discuss this belief, that, being qualified means "employable".
Qualification in the form of a degree/diploma was considered as an assurance or a single eligibility criteria baseon which a candidate was assessed and taken that he/she would have learnt and implement the same in thorganization as well. But due to globalization, times have changed with technological advancements, internationpractices and business dynamism. So the demand for additional skills from prospective employees too has changeThe gap between theory and practical knowledge has widened and students passing out from graduation and evepost graduation schools are still not near to real practical world in terms of technical or domain knowledge.
There is need to revamp the course structure or curriculum to suit the industry and the same needs to be consultation with the industry expects and also have flexibility to change with time.
Employability means the skills and educational qualifications which helps an individual to remain in demand, indust
relevant, capable, adaptable, flexible with the right behavioral, communication, interpersonal skills required ffacing the challenges of the real practical world.
Unfortunately, most of the under-graduate courses do not focus or take efforts in building these employability skilWhile post graduate institutes make efforts to some extent but not on a regular basis. It is important to choose career based on contacts.
For successful career, one must be emotionally connected to the field since the contribution of both the quotient individual's success, has a percentage. When more and more entwine young persons are available, the foreign countjobs for middle aged and eligible persons are shown the way-out due to their heavier salary pack. Many are returninto India after a short span, with all boos.
Which sectors will create jobs for all of them? Clearly the china case indicates that manufacturing is unlikely provide more than 2.5 million jobs per year even if India attracts the investment and export capacities on the scachina achieved. Hence it is construction and services that will have to provide around 8 million jobs a year. Job grow
on this scale can occur only on the back of steady economic growth of about 7.5 to 8% a year as shown in some yeaof the last decade in India and over the last 25 years in china. This calls for policy action on a wide range of issueand annually 10 million new jobs appears to be a daunting task given India's past track record.
However, it is not impossible and not a murk - given policy action and investment commitments. Only if astakeholders work together and bring about changes at the ground level, it will be possible to realize this goal anreap the full benefit of demographic dividend in India.
As you Sow, so you Reap.
YK E P G
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U.S. President Barack Obama ended a landmark day in India on Monday with a pledge of $4 billion investments and loans, seeking to release what he called the untapped potential of a business and strateg
partnership between the worlds largest democracies.
Earlier in the day, at the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Obama was the first U.S. President
attend Indias Annual Republic Day parade, a show of military might that has been associated with Cold W
anti-Americanism.
It rained as troops, tanks and cultural floats filed through the heart of New Delhi, but excitement neverthele
ran high over Obamas visit, which began on Sunday with a clutch of deals to unlock billions of dollars in nucle
trade and to deepen defense ties.
Both sides hope to build enough momentum to forge a relationship that will help balance Chinas rise b
catapulting democratic India into the league of major world powers.
The leaders talked on first name terms, recorded a radio program together and spent hours speaking
different events, but despite the bonhomie, Obama and Modi reminded business leaders, including the heaof PepsiCo, (PEP.N) that trade ties were still fragile.
India accounts for only 2 percent of U.S. imports and one percent of its exports, Obama said. While annu
bilateral trade had reached $100 billion, that is less than a fifth of U.S. trade with China.
We are moving in the right direction ... That said, we also know that the U.S.-India relationship is define
by so much untapped potential, Obama told the Indian and U.S. business leaders. Everyone here will agre
weve got to do better.
INTERNATIONAL VISITOFBARACKOBAMA
U.S PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA VISIT TO INDIA
F F K , P K .
(L-R) First lady Mrs.Michelle Obama, Mr.Pranab Mukherjee, President of India, Mr.Barack Obama, US President,
Mr.Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India wave during a reception at Rastrapati Bhawan, the President Palace, New Delhi.
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Modi said U.S. investment in India had doubled in the
past four months and vowed to do more to slash the
countrys notorious red tape and make it one of the
worlds easiest places for business.
Obama said that U.S. Export-Import Bank would finance$1 billion in exports of Made-in-America products. The
U.S. Overseas Private Investment Corporation will lend
$1 billion to small- and medium-sized enterprises in
rural areas of India.
Regarding renewable energy, a key focus for Modi, $2
billion will be committed by the U.S. Trade and
Development Agency for renewable energy, Obama said.
Most significant was an agreement on issues that,
despite a groundbreaking 2006 pact, had stopped U.S.
companies from setting up nuclear reactors in India andhad become one of the major irritants in bilateral
relations.
Mobama breaks N-deadlock, ran the front-page
headline of the Mail Today newspaper, which carried a
photograph of Modi and Obama hugging each other
warmly.
GLOBAL REACH
Obama and Modi sat behind a rain-spotted screen as the
parade unfolded along Rajpath, an elegant lawn-bordered boulevard dating from the British colonial era
that connects the presidential palace to India Gate.
Helicopters showered petals on the crowds, and then
tanks, missiles, stiffly saluting soldiers, brass bands and
dancers filed past the guests.
Obamas presence at the parade signals Modis
willingness to end Indias traditional reluctance to get
too close to any big power. Instead, he is seeking close
ties with them all, even as he pushes back against
China and take sides on other global issues.Modi has injected a new vitality into the economy and
foreign relations since his May elections.
Obamas second visit to India is the latest upturn in a
roller-coaster relationship with Washington that a year
ago was scarred by protectionism and a fiery diplomatic
spat.
Guard of Honour for President Barack Obama Led by
Wing Commander Pooja Thakur
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The leaders agreed to exchange information on individuals returning from these conflict zones and to continu
to cooperate in protecting and responding to the needs of civilians caught up in these conflicts, the two sid
said in a joint statement.
They also agreed to a 10-year framework for defense ties and struck deals on cooperation that included joi
production of drone aircraft and equipment for Lockheed Martin Corps (LMT.N) C-130 military transport plan
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F. - M
FORMER PRESIDENT OF TAMIL CHAMBER OF COMMERCETHIRU A.NAGAPPA CHETTIAR (CENTENARY YEAR 1915-2015)
King of Leather
Padma Shri A.Nagappa Chettiar who was hailed as the king of leather wasa pioneer who laid the foundations for the development of the leather
industry and enabled it to be one of the engines of Indias economic growth.
He was a rare visionary who foresaw the global economy fifty years ahead.
He took great steps to bring together a vibrant synergy between academics,
research and industry which has today yielded rich dividends. His role as a
business leader not only in the leather sector, but also in other areas of Indian
Industry and Trade was commendable. He was President of Tamil Chamber ofCommerce, SICCI and took an active role in the affairs of FICCI. He was
responsible for ending the routing of Indian leather exports through the
auction system in London, and resorted to direct marketing to customers the
world over. He was responsible for initiating the first Indian Leather Fair at
Chennai which is now an annual event. Above all he was a man of unassuming
humility. The book A.Nagappa
Chettiar Inspiring Legacy of His Success highlights the history of h
life and his valuable contributions which ultimately resulted in earni
more foreign exchange for India. He was rightly conferred the awa
of Padma Shri, by the Government of India in 1967. His devotion
business ethics and family life are other significant highlights. It hoped that his life history would inspire and ignite many you
managers and businessmen to excel for the highest.
Relations with Government
Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar maintained cordial relations with both t
Governments of the Centre and the State. He had a useful meeti
with His Excellency, C.Rajagopalachari, the First Indian Govern
General of India. He was close to the Honble Chief Minister of Madra
Sri K.Kamaraj and the succeeding Honble Chief Ministers like S
M.Bakthavatsalam, and thereafter with Honble Thiru C.N.Annadur
Mr.R.Venkatraman who was Honble Minister of Industries Labour an
Co-operation, At the level of the Centre, he had meetings with th
President of India, The Honble Prime Minsiter of India Pand
Jawaharlal Nehru, Sri.R.K.Shanmugam Chettiar, Honble Union Minist
of Finance, and Honble Sri.T.T.Krishnamachari, who followed later as Union Finance Minister.
Likewise he also had excellent rapport with all Indian Ambassadors and High Commissioners of India and al
Ambassadors of various countries in India and their Consulates in Chennai.
TRIBUTE FORMERPRESIDENTOFTCC
Nagappa Chettiar family
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Awards
Padma Shri Awarded to Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar 11th April 1967.
The Government of India taking into consideration the various
pioneering efforts of Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar such as
Resorting to direct sales instead of going through auctions at UK
Effective international marketing and participation in
International Leather Fairs.
Significant role played by him in organizing the Indian Leather
Fairs at Chennai.
Being instrumental to promote the export of leather and leather
products.
His role in being the top most exporters of leather and leather
product s for many years.
Honoured him with the prestigious award of Padma Shri which wasconferred on him by His Excellency, President S.Radhakrishnan on
11thApril 1967. Considering the outstanding services of Padma Shri
A.Nagappa Chettiar to the leather industry this was indeed an
award which he richly deserved.
Award by the Government of Tamil Nadu for Expo
Promotion
Soon after Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar had received t
meritorious award of Padma Shri in 1967, t
Government of Tamil Nadu also recognized the expo
effects of Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar and his significa
contribution for the development of the leather sect
in Tamil Nadu. He was honoured by a special award f
outstanding export performance and received the sam
from the hands of Honble Thiru C.N.Annadurai, Chi
Minister, Government of Tamil Nadu at a function whi
was well attended by many dignitaries and t
industrialists of the State.
The Chrome Leather Company
Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar took a bold decision to acqui
the prestigious Chrome Leather Company at Madras
Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar was an imposing personality. He wa
tall, and being a true Gandhian he was clothed in spotles
white Khadi Jibba and dhothi, except when abroad when
formal suite was required. He patronized Khadhi and villag
industry and was a supporter of the rural and agricultura
sector.
A. Nagappa Chettiar receiving Padma Shri Award from
H.E Dr.S.Radhakrishnan, President of India
A.Nagappa Chettiar with C.Rajagopalachari
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1965 which was earlier started by the Europeans.The company possessed a large estate with many
sections from raw materials to finished leather,
and leather goods, footwear and other sections
relating to the industry. In later years, the
company had difficulties and to prevent the
situation from getting further into problems,
Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar stepped in and took over
the company.
Mr.Nagappa Chettiar turned the fortunes of the
Chrome Leather Company into one of success.
However, his success was only short-lived. The
financial institution with which he was connected
had unfortunately curtailed the credit
requirements of the company due to the sudden
change in the monetary policy of credit squeeze in
1972 announced by the Reserve Bank of India at
that time.
International Leather Fair
Perhaps the most significant contribution of
Mr.Nagappa Chettiar was his vision to make Madras
as the centre for International Leather Fair. Whenhe first visited Semaine International Du Cuir at
Paris and other Trade Fairs in Europe, he dreamt
of organizing such a Fair at Madras. He discussed
his vision with Prof.Nayudamma, Director CLRI
who took initiative in organizing industry-institute
get-together and trade fair within the CLRI
campus itself.
Sri A.Nagappa Chettiar receiving State Award from Honble
Thiru. C.N. Anna Durai, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
With Honourable Sri R. Venkataraman at ILC Stall, Paris
Sri A.Nagappa Chettiar with H.E. Dr. S. Radhakrishnan,
President of India. Honble Prime Minister Smt. Indira
Gandhi at Padma Shri Award Function New Delhi, 1967.
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First International Leather Fair
With the CLRI at the helm of affairs, the first International
Leather Fair (ILF) was inaugurated on the 27thJanuary 1964 inside
the CLRI campus. It was visited by many dignitaries
Dr.A.L.Mudaliar, Vice Chancellor, University of Madras,
Sri.Manubhai Shah, Union Minister for Industry and Sri
R.Venkataraman, Minister for Industry, Government of Madras
were prominent visitors.
As the Chairman of the ILF, Mr.Nagappa Chettiar contributed
immensely for the shaping of the event. He was instrumental in
strengthening the linkage between
CLRI and the Leather industry.
His Last Years
Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar lived a very
busy but useful life with manifold
activities. He was a great leader and
an outstanding industrialist, but also a
man of great humility. He lived a life
of simplicity, wore khadi and was a
vegetarian. In spite of all his active
and healthy habits, his health began to
fail. In the end of January 1982, in
spite of his poor health he attended
the leather week celebrations.
His great life had on 13thMarch 1982 come to a sad end. Thousands of people from all walks of life thronge
to pay their homage and last respects to a towering personality who helped to shape the leather industry f
a glorious future.
CSIR turns twenty five, Anna opens stores building at CLRI. Seated left
CM are Raja Sir Muthiah Chettiar, Sri A. Nagappa Chettiar and
Dr. Seetharamaiah
Sri A. Nagappa Chettiar with Honble Thiru
C.N. Anna Durai, CM of Tamil Nadu at the
57th AGM of the SICCI
Present President Mr.Chozha Naachiar Rajaseka
standing at Former TCC President
Mr.A.Nagappa Chettiar Statue at CLRIMr. Pra sad Davi d
Book Author
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Agreement on Trade FacilitationArticle 8: Border Agency Cooperation
Within country and with other countries cooperate and co-ordinate border
procedures on:
Alignment of working days and hours
Alignment of Procedures and formalities
Development and sharing of common facilities
Joint controls
Establishment of one stop border post control
Concept and origin of CBM
Border control authorities around the world all face the same dilemma increasing in resource
notwithstanding slowing trade flows brought about by the current global economic downturn. Traders a
travelers too have greater expectations for speedier processing and clearance times whilst governments an
society expect border authorities to rigorously apply the law in order to protect their interests, safequard t
health and safety of their citizens, and ensure national security. This means balancing trade facilitation on th
one hand with trade security on the other-allowing legitimate goods and travelers to pass through borde
CUSTOMS FM
INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMS DAY 2015 CHENNAI CUSTOMS ZONE
(L-R) Mr.S.Kannan, Commissioner of Customs (Appeal), Hon'ble Justice Mr.Sanjay Kishan Kaul, Chief Justice of Madras High
Court, Mr.S.Ramesh, Chief Commissioner of Customs, Chennai, Mr.Mayank Kumar, Commissioner of Customs, Exports, Chennai
at the International Customs Day function
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without unnecessary hindrances while protecting the international
trade supply chain from threats posed by organised crime,
smugglers, commercial fraudsters, terrorists, and even goods that
could endanger people.
Coordinated border management (CBM) is now recognized by theCustoms community as a potential solution for the challenges that
the 21st Century presents especially with respect to efficient and
effective border management. Its importance resulted in the
concept being included in the WCO Councils strategic policy on
Customs in the 21stCentury that was adopted in June 2008 where
it is listed as one of the 10 key building blocks for managing
borders in todays environment.
Coordinated Border Management (CBM)
The term Coordinated Border Management (CBM) refers to a
coordinated approach by border control agencies, both at the national andinternational level, in the context of seeking greater efficiencies over managing trade
and travel flows, while maintaining a balance with compliance requirements.
CBM can result in more effective service delivery, less duplication, cost-savings through
economies of scale, enhanced risk management with fewer but better targeted
interventions, cheaper transport costs, less waiting times, lower infrastructure
improvement costs, more wider sharing of information and intelligence, and
strengthened connections among all border stakeholders.
A coordinated approach
b y b o r d e r c o n t r o l
agencies lays at the heartof the CBM concept, in the context of seeki
greater efficiencies in managing trade and trav
inflows, while maintaining a balance with securi
requirements. The term gives prominence to t
general principle of coordination of policie
programmes and delivery among cross-bord
regulatory agencies rather than favouring a
single solution.
An essential part of CBM involves dialog
between Customs and other agencies at the bord
as well as between Customs and the busine
community; hence the World Custom
Organisations initiative in organizing its first Inte
Agency Forum on Coordinated Border Manageme
during July 2009. The Forum raised awarene
about the CBM concept and its benefits and was intended to encourage governments and individual bord
agencies to engage one another more actively to ensure better and smarter management of national border
Theme of the Year Coordinated Borde
Management An inclusive approach fo
connecting stakeholders
The World Customs Organisation (WCO) i
dedicating 2015 to promoting Coordinated Borde
Management (CBM) under the sloga
Coordinated Border Management An inclusiv
approach for connecting stakeholders.
WCO Members will have the opportunity t
promote the enhanced coordination to promot
the enhanced coordination practices an
mechanisms that they have implemented withi
their administrations and with other Custom
administrations and government agencies, as we
as with economic operators involved in cross
border trade. -Source WC
Hon'ble Mr.Justice Sanjay Kishan Kaul interacting with Mr.Sanjay
Kumar Agarwal, Commissioner of Service Tax, Mr.Chozha Naachiar
Rajasekar, President, TCC, Mr.S.Ramesh, Chief Commissioner of
Customs, Chennai. at the Intl Customs Day function.
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Chennai Customs Jurisdiction
The jurisdiction of Chennai Customs Zone comprises Chennai Sea Port, Ennore Port, Kattupalli Por
Anna International airport and Air Cargo Complex, 31 Container Freight Stations (CFSs) and 2 Inlan
Container Depots (ICDs)
Geographical Area extends to the Areas of Chennai Corporation, parts of Thiruvallur & Kancheepura
Districts.
Customs Revenue Collection
The Net revenue (after deducting Drawback and Refund disbursed) realized over the last few years in Chenn
Customs Zone is shown below:
Chennai Customs Zones contribution is about 15% of the ALL INDIA Customs Revenue.
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HUMAN RESOURCES
Chennai Customs Zone has a total sanctioned strength of 3061 out of which there are 1243 officers and sta
working as on date. The vacancies are 1818 (59%)
SEIZURE OF GOLD
Seizures of gold at Chennai Customs Airport has steeply increased on account of extensive intelligence inpu
and vigil kept by the Air Intelligence Unit. The comparative details of gold seizures upto December are giv
below:
REVENUE FROM MAJOR COMMODITIES IN THE ZONE:
Revenue from top 13 commodities yielded about Rs.19519 crores (76%) of the total gross revenue for the ye
2014-15 (upto December 2014), as indicated below:
Mb P
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Highlights of the present ICES Version 1.5 online Application
Aims to capture complete process of customs clearance of Bills of Entry and Shipping Bills
Total 123 Customs Locations connected on centralized ICES network which includes 25 Sea Ports, 18 Air Cargos,
76 ICDs and 4 LCSs
Daily processed documents (Bills of Entry 15000 (average) & Shipping Bills 20000 (average)
Daily e-Payment of 12000 or more challan & rest challan payments integrated through ICEGATE from Banks servers
Average EDI collection of Rs.600-900 crores daily
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FJ
CPI LEADER R.NALLAKANNU TURNS 90RRRRR.Nallakannu is an Indian politician and also Senior CommunistParty of India (CPI) leader. He was the former State Secretary of
the Communist Party of India of Tamil Nadu.
R.Nallakannu,was born in the temple town of Srivaikuntum, in
VO. Chidambaranar district. Born in an affluent family, he was
very patriotic from a young age and participated in the freedom
struggle.
Political Life
At the age of 15, Nallakannu joined in the communist movement,
mainly agitated by the atrocities committed to the downtrodden
people, of a particular community. A firebrand politician, he
belonged to the action force, and was handed over 14 years in
jail. Though he was released after 7 years as a pact was signed
by the communist leaders and then the chief minister of Tamil
Nadu. A very dedicated, and a most sincere politician, he has set
an example how a politician should live, with simplicity, and
dignity, and an effective role model, for all politicians to follow.
Highly respected even by the opponent parties, he uses most
cultured restraint even when he voices his concerns about unpleasant occurrences.
Respected as one of the last surviving leaders who founded communist movement in
India. Widely travelled, and his visits include, USSR, Germany, China and of late to
USA.
Even at the Age (September 26)of 89 plus he individually fought a court case in
Madurai, and won in High court ordering a ban on digging sands from the river
Thambaraparani of his native place. He has undergone many a hunger strikes some
lasting for more than 20 days and once the govt build a dam because of his
hungerstrike. He was honoured by the Vice President of the Peoples Republic of
China, during his visit to Beijing.
Nallakannu as a Writer
As a writer, Nallakannu wrote many books based on social problems, River interaction
possibilities in India, Agricultural reforms,and of course lot about communist based articles.He is also value
as a learned speaker, and a great social reformer,and all his life he fought for the equal opportunities for th
socially most suffered communities. He stayed with them,had food with them,taught them how to fight f
their own rights, from the upper classes and made considerable progress in lifting the living conditions of po
people in Nanguneri taluk and neighbouring villages,most of the period when he was spending his time
underground. A fearless fighter,he was,and he will do any sacrifice to uphold the principles of a casteless socit
A living example of what a leader should be, his role models were Lenin,che,and Ho-chi-min.
Patriotism, sacrifice and perseverance toward
nation-building process were the virtues o
Gandhian philosophy. Every citizen should realis
their importance. He appealed to the servic
organisations to emulate their example for th
overall socio-economic development of th
country.
Nallakannu In a forum
ROLEMODEL .
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On 1999, Nallakannu stands for Coimbatore constituency on Loksabha elections. Even though, he secured 43.2
percent of total votes, he was defeated by CP Radhakrishnan on 14 August 2007.
Accolades
Nallakannu receives Sahayogi Puraskaraward from Governor Surjit Singh Barnala of Tamil Nadu. On 200
The State Government of Tamil Nadu headed by Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi has chosen senior Communi
Party of India leader Nallakannu for the 2007 Ambedkar Award for his outstanding contribution to publ
life, especially to the poor and the downtrodden. On 3 October 2008, Nallakannu receives Gandhian award
for social service from All India Mahatma Gandhi Social Welfare Forum. Nallakannu was honored by Jeev
Award from District Writers Association on 21 January 2009 at Thiruchirapalli.
EXCERPTS OF HIS INTERVIEW
Q: You have par t ic ipat ed in t he f r eedom st ruggle and cont inued in act i ve pol i t ics since then. What is the di f ference
you have not i ced bet ween pre and post Independence pol i t ics?
Ans: During the freedom struggle, there was the sole agenda of achieving independence. After achieving independence and
subsequent reorganisation of states on a linguistic basis, many regional political parties emerged and people started fightingfor their states rights. This is one of the reasons for inter-state river water disputes including those of Cauvery andMullaiperiyar.
Q: From the posi t ion of t he main Opposi t ion par t y in t he st ate i n the 1950s, t he Communist par t ies are not even
able t o win a s ingle seat on i t s own. What are t he reasons for t he Communist par t ies waning suppor t base?
Ans: The Communist party and its members faced state repression. There are a few forces affected by our pro-peoplemovements that are conspiring to prevent the partys growth through various means. Left parties are facing a corporate
sponsored attack after they withdrew support for the Congress led UPA I government in 2008.
Q: In spi t e of var ious cor rupt ion charges faced by Drav id i an par t y leaders , people cont inue to vot e them t o back
t o power. Why are Lef t par t ies not able t o win people s suppor t?
Ans:Dravidian parties core ideology is good. It is based on Periyars anti Brahmanism, anti-caste and language policy. Butwhen they came to power, they made compromises. They use money and muscle power, indulge in caste politics and put
up wealthy candidates for the elections. To remove them from power, there is a need for a strong alternative front. Butthere are multiple forces working at the behest of Dravidian parties to prevent the formation of such an alternative front.There is a need to reform the electoral system and bring in proportional representation.
Q: What is the future of the Left in the state? What is your immediate agenda?
Ans: BJP and Hindutva forces are trying to gain a foothold in the state. Tamil Nadu has a long history of progressivemovements. Periyar created a strong base against communal forces. Left and democratic forces should come together to
prevent the BJP from destroying the traditional social fabric.- Courtesy : Deccan Chronicle
R.Nallakannu with N.Varadarajan, CPI(M) R.Nallakannu, C.Mahendran, T.Pandian
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HUMORIST & CARTOONIST R.K.LAXMAN
RRRRR.K. Laxman was an Indian cartoonist,illustrator, and humorist. He is best known for hiscreation The Common Man and for his daily
cartoon strip, You Said It in The Times of India,
which started in 1951.
Child Hood & School Days
Laxman was the captain of his local Rough and
Tough and Jolly cricket team and his antics
inspired the stories Dodu the Money Maker and
The Regal Cricket Club written by his brother,
Narayan. Laxmans idyllic childhood was shaken
for a while when his father suffered a paralytic stroke and died
around a year later, but the elders at home bore most of the
increased responsibility, while Laxman continued with his
schooling.
After high school, Laxman applied to the J.J. School of Art,
Bombay hoping to concentrate on his lifelong interests of drawing
and painting, but the dean of the school wrote to him that his
drawings lacked the kind of talent to qualify for enrolment in our institution as a student, and refuse
admission. He finally graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Mysore. In the meantime
continued his freelance artistic activities an
contributed cartoons to Swarajyaand an animated fibased on the mythological character Narada.
Early Life
R.K. Laxman was born in Mysore in 1921. His father w
a headmaster and Laxman was the youngest of six so
(he had a sister as well an older brother is the famo
novelist R.K. Narayan. Laxman was known as Pi
Piper of Delhi.
Laxman started his career as a part-time cartoonis
working mostly for local newspapers and magazine
While a college student, he illustrated his eld
brother R.K. Narayans stories in The Hindu. His first full-time job was as a political cartoonist for the T
Free Press Journal in Mumbai. Later, he joined The Times of India, and became famous for the Common M
Laxman was engrossed by the illustrations in magazines such as The Strand, Punch, Bystander, Wide Worldan
Tit-Bits, before he had even begun to read. Soon he was drawing on his own, on the floors, walls and doo
of his house and doodling caricatures of his teachers at school; praised by a teacher for his drawing of a peep
leaf, he began to think of himself as an artist in the making. Another early influence on Laxman was the wo
I drew objects that caught my eye outside the
window of my room the dry twigs, leaves and
lizard-like creatures crawling about, the servant
chopping firewood and, of course, and number
of crows in various postures on the rooftops of
the buildings opposite.
R.K. Laxman
TRIBUTE R.K.LAXMAN
M F cA A M.
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of the world-renowned British cartoonist, Sir David Low (whose signature he
misread as cow for a long time) that appeared now and then in The Hindu.
Laxman notes in his autobiography, The Tunnel of Time:
Career as Political Cartoonist
Laxmans earliest work was for newspapers and magazines including SwarajyaandBlitz. While still at the Maharaja College of Mysore, he began to illustrate his elder
brother R.K. Narayans stories in The Hindu, and he drew political cartoons for the
local newspapers and for the Swatantra. Laxman also drew cartoons for
the Kannada humour magazine, Koravanji (which was founded in 1942 by
Dr M. Shivaram who was an allopath and had a clinic in the Majestic area of
Bangalore. He started this monthly magazine, dedicating it to humorous and
satirical articles and cartoons. Shivaram himself was an eminent humourist in
Kannada. He encouraged Laxman.)
Laxman held a summer job at the Gemini Studios, Madras. His first full-time job
was as a political cartoonist for the The Free Press Journalin Mumbai, where Bal
Thackeray was his cartoonist colleague. Laxman later joined The Times of India,Bombay, beginning a career that spanned over fifty years. His Common Man
character, featured in his pocket cartoons, is portrayed as a witness to the making
of democracy. Anthropologist Ritu G. Khanduri notes, R.K. Laxman structures his cartoon-news through a pl
about corruption and a set of characters. This news is
visualized and circulates through the recurring figures of
the mantri (minister), the Common Man and the trope of
modernity symbolized by the airplane (2012: 304).
Other creations
Laxman also created a popular mascot for the Asian Paints
group called Gattu in 1954. He also wrote a few novels, thefirst one of which was titled The Hotel Riviera. His cartoons
have appeared in Hindi films such as Mr. & Mrs. 55 and a
Tamil film Kamaraj. His creations also include the sketches
drawn for the television adaptation of Malgudi Days which
was written by his elder brother R. K. Narayan and directed
by Shankar Nag. Laxman also drew caricatures of David Low,
T.S. Eliot, Bertrand Russell, J.B. Priestly and Graham
Greene.
Personal Life
Laxman was first married to Bharatanatyam dancer and filmactress Kumari Kamala Laxman, who began her film career
as a child actress named Baby Kamala, and graduated into
adult roles under the name Kumari Kamala (Miss
Kamala). They were divorced, and Laxman later married a
woman whose first name was again Kamala. This was the
authoress and childrens book writer Kamala Laxman. In a
cartoon series named The star I never met in film
Famous Character
The Common Man
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magazine Filmfare he painted a cartoon of Kamala
Laxman, with the title The star I only met! The
couple had no children and divided their time between
Mumbai and Pune.
Last DaysLaxman died at the age of 94 at in Pune on 26 January
2015. He was hospitalized on 23 January for urinary
tract infection and chest-related problems that
ultimately led to multi-organ failure. He was put on
life support after his condition worsened on 26 January
2015. He had reportedly suffered multiple strokes since 2010.
A cartoon that Laxman had made following the successful landing of Mangalyaan on Mars was posted by t
Indian Space Research Organisation on its Facebook and Twitter pages on 27 January. Maharashtra Chief Minist
Devendra Fadnavis announced that Laxman would be accorded a state funeral and a memorial would be bu
in his honour.
A F PPA F E .
JUDGEMENT C b
THE SENTENCE OF A WISE JUDGE
A farmer in ancient China had a neighbor who was a hunter, and who ownedferocious and poorly trained hunting dogs. They jumped the fence frequently and
chased the farmers lambs. The farmer asked his neighbor to keep his dogs in check,
but this fell on deaf ears.
One day the dogs again jumped the fence and attacked and severely injured several
of the lambs.
The farmer had had enough, and went to town to consult a judge who listened
carefully to the story and said: I could punish the hunter and instruct him to keep
his dogs chained or lock them up.
But you would lose a friend and gain an enemy. Which would you rather have, friend or foe for a neighbor?
The farmer replied that he preferred a friend!
Alright, I will offer you a solution that keeps your lambs safe, and which will keep your a neighbor a friend.
Having heard the judges solution, the farmer agreed.
Once at home, the farmer immediately put the judges suggestions to the test. He took three of his best lambs
and presented them to his neighbors three small sons, who were beside themselves with joy and began to play
with them.
To protect his sons newly acquired playthings, the hunter built a strong kennel for his dogs. Since then, the dogs
never again bothered the farmers lambs. Out of gratitude for the farmers generosity toward his sons, the hunter
often shared the game he had hunted with the farmer. The farmer reciprocated by sending the hunter lamb meat
and cheese he had made. Within a short time the neighbors became good friends.
A saying in old China went something like this, One can win over and influence people the best with gestures
of kindness and compassion. A similar American saying: One catches more flies with honey than with
vinegar.!!
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M.K.GANDHI BECOMES MAHATMA GANDHI
RETURN OF MAHATMA GANDHI ON JANUARY 1915 (100 YEARS COMPLETION)
Aheros welcome awaited Gandhi when he landedon January 9, 1915, at the Apollo Bunder in
Bombay. Three days later he was honored by the
people of Bombay at a magnificent reception in
the palatial house of a Bombay magnate Jehangir
Petit. The Government of India joined with the
people of India in showering honours on Gandhi.
He received a Kaiser-I-Hind gold medal in the
Kings birthday honours list of 1915. His association
with Gokhale was guarantee enough of his being a
safe politician. Of course, he had led an extra-constitutional movement in South Africa, defied
laws and filled gaols, but the cause for which he
had fought appeared as much humanitarian as
political, dear to all Indian as and all Englishmen
whose sense of humanity had not been blunted by
racial arrogance or political expediency.
Lord Hardinges open support of the Satyagraha movement had in any case
removed the stigma of rebellion from South Africas Indian movement.
Gandhi was in no hurry to plunge into politics. His political mentor on the
Indian scene was Gokhale. One of the first things Gokhale did was to
extract a promise from Gandhi that he would not express himself upon
public questions for a year, which was to be a year of probation. Gokhale
was very keen that Gandhi should join the Servants of India Society in
Poona. Gandhi was only too willing to fall in with the wishes of Gokhale,
but several members of the Society feared that there was too great a gap
between the ideals and methods of the Society and those of Gandhi. While
the question of his admission as a Servant of India was being debated,
Gandhi visited his home towns of Porbandar and Rajkot and went on to
Shantiniketan in West Bengal, the cosmopolitan University of the Poet
Rabindranath Tagore.
The trip to Shantiniketan ended abruptly with a telegram from Poona that
Gokhale was dead. Gandhi was stunned. He mourned Gokhale by going
barefoot for a year, and out of respect for the memory of his mentor, made
another effort to seek admission to the Servants of India Society. Finding
a sharp division of opinion in the Society on this point, he withdrew his
application for admission. During 1915the year of probationGandhi
eschewed politics severely. In his speeches and writings he confined himself
Mohandas Gandhi, centre, surrounded by workers in his law office
in Johannesburg, South Africa, in 1902.
Retur n ing to India in 1915In 1915, Gandhi returned from Sout
Africa to live in India. He spoke at th
conventions of the Indian Nationa
Congress, but was primarily introduce
to Indian issues, politics and the India
people by Gopal Krishna Gokhale,
respected leader of the Congress Part
at the time.
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to the reform of the individual and the society and avoided the
issues which dominated Indian politics. His restraint was partly due
to self-imposed silence and partly to the fact that he was still
studying conditions in India and making up his mind.He returned (1915) to India with a stature equal to that of the
nationalist leaders Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
Gandhi actively supported the British in World War I in the hope of
hastening Indias freedom, but he also led agrarian and labor reform
demonstrations that embarrassed the British. The Amritsar massacre
of 1919 stirred Indian nationalist consciousness, and Gandhi
organized several satyagraha campaigns. He discontinued them
when, against his wishes, violent disorder ensued.
His program rested on four tenets: a free, united India with Hindus
and Muslims allied; the acceptance of the doctrine of nonviolence;in Indias villages, the revival of cottage industries, especially of
spinning and the production of handwoven cloth (khaddar); and the
abolition of untouchability These ideas were widely and vigorously
espoused, although they also met considerable opposition from
some Indians. The title Mahatma [great soul] reflected personal
prestige so high that he could unify the diverse elements of the
organization of the nationalist movement, the Indian National
This is the first photograph of Mahatma Gandhi in Ahmedabad on February 1,1915,after his return from South Africa.
A turbaned Bapu is seated in the middle.
Gandhi and Kasturba on their return to India
January 1915
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Gandhi (centre) is pictured with other Indian resistance
leaders in South Africa
Congress, which he dominated from the early 1920s.
This is the first photograph of Mahatma Gandhi in
Ahmedabad on February 1,1915, after his return
from South Africa. A turbaned Bapu is seated in the
middle.
In 1930, in protest against the governments salt tax, he
led the famous 200-mi (320-km) march to extract salt
from the sea. For this he was imprisoned but was
released in 1931 to attend the London Round Table
Conference on India as the sole representative of the
Indian National Congress. When the Congress refused to
embrace his program in its entirety, Gandhi withdrew
(1934), but his influence was such that Jawaharlal
Nehru, his protg, was named leader of the
organization.
The Chamber congratulates Thiru Hari Shankar Brahmafor being appointed as 19th ChiefElection Commissioner.
A 1975 IAS officer of Andhra Pradesh cadre, Thiru Brahma hails from Assam was a Power
Secretary in the Centre before his induction into the Election Commission. He assumed
charge as one of the three Election Commissioners on August 25, 2010. After Mr.JM Lyndogh,
Mr.Brahma has become the second officer from the northeast to be appointed to this post.
The Chamber whole-heartedly congratulates Thiru A.S.Kiran Kumarfor being appointed asNew Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
He was the director of Satellite Application Centre and joined ISRO in 1975.He was also
behind the success of Indias Mars Orbiter Mission which entered the Martian orbit
on September 24. Mr.Kumar has contributed to the design and development of Electro-
Optical Imaging Sensors for Airborne, LEO and GEO platform based imaging sensors
starting from Bhaskara TV payload to the latest TMC adHySI payloads for Chandrayaan-1
missions.
The chamber whole-heartedly congratulates its prestigious member Mr.M.Rafeeque Ahmedfor being elected as Chairman of Council for Leather Exports, Chennai.
Mr.M.Rafeeque Ahmed is the Chairman of Farida Group, a manufacturer of leather goods and
a Chairman of Federation of Indian Export Organisation, Federation of Indian Chamber of
Commerce & Indsutry, TN State Council. He is also associated with many associations like
All India Skins & Hides Tanners & Merchants Association, Indian Institute of Leather products,
Apollo Hospitals, Ambur Trade Center.
TOPMOVES
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The balance 95 per cent work for them directly or
indirectly.
Think about it how can you reach a destination that
you dont have?
Suppose you go to watch a football game where bothteams are enthusiastically charged up ready to play.
Suppose at this point the referee took the goal post
away, what is left of the game? Nothing!
They have no goal post, how do you keep the score?
Destination determines direction.
6. Choose your friends carefully
Sometimes you hear that the leader is good, but his
advisors are bad.
This statement is not true.
You will find that all over the world, by and large, leaders always choose their own advisors.
Remember we do not get advisors in life of the kind of people we want, we get the kind of people we are.
We dont get friends of the kind of people we want, we get the kind of people we are.
We get attracted to the kind of people who are similar to the kind of people we ourselves are.
Where you will be five years from now shall depend on two things: the books you read and the company you kee
Today where we are is also the result of the books we read and the company we kept in the last five years.
7. Build high self esteem
Self esteem is defined as the way we feel about ourselves.
You notice that one day we get up in the morning feeling good, the world looks nice, productivity goes urelationships are a lot better.
The reverse is just as true.
Self esteem is inversely related to egos.
There are two kinds of egos that are destructive.
The know it all: people with this kind of ego demonstrate arrogance.
They put down and look down upon others.
Think about it, why does a human being put down other human being?
It is sadistic but true, there are some people who feel good when the other person feels bad.
They feel superior when the other person feels inferior which means they dont want to lift themselves up, but the
want to pull others down.
The second kind of ego is called the fragile ego, they take anything you say personally and get hurt.
What do both these egos do to team work?
They just destroy it.
8. Build character
Character is something that a person would or would not do even if no one is watching.
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It is integrity and authenticity in its true form.
There is a big difference between reputation and character.
Reputation is what other people think about us whereas character is what we know who we are and they can be tw
totally different things.
Some people are honest because they dont want to get caught telling lies.
They are doing the right things for the wrong reasons.
They are only building a reputation.
Some people are honest because they believe its the right thing to do.
They are doing the right thing for the right reason. That is character.
9. Live purposefully
What is a purpose?
A lifetime goal is called a purpose.
How do you define your purpose?
Supposing you are aged 100 today and you were to look back at your life, what is it that you want to say, is yo
accomplishment?
That accomplishment is your purpose.
Have a lofty purpose in life.
Only a lofty purpose has the power to move the spirit.
Shoot for the moon, even if you miss, you will become a part of the stars.
A great philosopher once said, I would rather fail in doing something great then succeed in doing nothing.
There is glory in such failure too.
10. Start your day on a positive note
Why should we start our day on a positive note every day?
It is because just as our bodies need food every day, our minds need positive thoughts every day.
Starting the day on a positive note sets the tone for the entire day.
Staying positive is like fire; unless we keep adding fuel, it dies out.
Similarly if we dont feed our minds with positive thoughts, everyday, positivity dies out.
Many times you hear that success is tough.
My answer is: Try failing and see if that is easy!
11. Make courtesy a way of life
A courteous person who is not very sharp will go much further in life than a sharp, discourteous person.Courtesy is made up of little sacrifices in life.
Every courtesy has a moral background.
When people practice courtesy as a strategy, they are crooked; they have ulterior motives.
For people with integrity, courtesy is a way of life.
- Courtesy : Shiv Khera is an author, business consultant and
much sought-after motivational speak
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O
Congratulations
CUSTOMS, CENTRAL EXCISE & DRI
The Tamil Chamber of Commerce whole-heartedly congratulates the following Customs and Central Exciseofficials from Chennai Zone for being conferred with
Presidential Awards for the year 2015 - Customs, Central Excise, DRI
1) Dr.Awdhesh Kumar Singh, Commissioner, Large Tax Payers Unit, Chennai.
2) Thiru Chalamalla Venkat Reddy, Additional Director of Systems, Directorate General of Systems, Chennai.
3) Thiru V.Nagendra Rao, Joint Commissioner, Commisionerate of Customs (Chennai-II), Chennai.
4) Thiru Leo John Ilango, Assistant Commissioner, Directorate General of Vigilance, SZU, Chennai.
5) Tmt.K.Savithri, Senior Private Secretary to Chief Commissioner of Central Excise, Chennai Zone.
WCO Certificate of Merit 2015
1) Thiru S.M.Mani, Joint Commissioner, Air Cargo Complex, Chennai.
2) Thiru T.Prabhakar, Assistant Director, Directorate General of Revenue Intelligence, Chennai Zone Unit.
The chamber congratulates Dr.Jayanth Murali, IPSfor being conferred with Presidents PoliceMedal for his Distinguished Service.
He is an IPS Officer of Tamil Nadu Cadre 1991 batch, is serving as Inspector General, CISF, South
Sector, Chennai. He is the Recipient of Presidents Police Medal for Meritorious Service (2008),
the officer held several key positions both in the State and Central Government services. He
is now supervising the security of several key installations like seaports, space installations,
defence establishments, note press, coal fields & mines, steel industries, power stations etc
situated in all the four Southern States as well as in other parts of the Country.
P
A. .
H , P a
G A, ...F .
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MF ? H,
M HK HA.
c H F
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FATHER & DAUGHTER - TRUST
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G H - G
THE DRAMATIC DECADE PRANAB MUKHERJEEEducation
In 1946, however, I was enrolled at the Kirnahar Shib Chandra High English Schoolin Class V. A well-known school in the area, it was about two-and-a-half kilometres
away from home, which meant travelling five kilometres every day on foot and
that too barefoot, as was commonplace in those days
In 1952, after the school final exam, I enrolled at Vidyasagar College in Suri and
stayed in the hostel all through my college years from 1952 to 1956. After
graduating from college in 1956, I went on to Calcutta and did my postgraduation
both in modern history and political science from the university. In 1960, after
I had got my first postgraduate degree, I enrolled in law college and, three years
later, obtained a law degree.
Lessons from Father
My father, Kamada Kinkar
Mukherjee, was a staunch
nationalist and a dedicated
Congress worker. After the
Lahore session in 1929,
when the Congress pledged
to observe 26 January as
Independence Day, we
would raise the Congress
flag at home every year on
this day.
Having joined the Congress in 1920, my father remained an active
member till 1966.
Rabindranath Tagore once jokingly remarked to my father that
he (Father) was compensating for the behaviour of our
forefathers who disdained the poor, calling them low caste and
keeping them at a distance. Father taught us the value of self-
respect, maintaining that it was enormously important. Manyyears later, in 1978, when the Congress split under Indira Gandhi,
he told me: I hope you will not do anything that will make me
ashamed of you. It is when you stand by a person in his or her
hour of crisis that you reveal your own humanity. Dont do
anything which will dishonour your forefathers memory. His
meaning was clear, and I didnt, then or later, waver from my
loyalty to Indira Gandhi.
BOOK EMERGENCY
President Pranab Mukherjee
who was minister in the Indir
years, reveals the man behin
the Emergency in his new
book, The Dramatic Decad
(Rupa Publications). And say
Indira Gandhi did noknow that there wer
Constitutional provisions t
impose internal emergency.
Uni t e and win
My active political career started in the mid-1960s
when I joined Ajoy Mukherjees Bangla Congress...
The Bangla Congress was formally launched o
1 May 1966. It was on 8 June 1966, when on a tou
of the state with Ajoy babu, that I first mooted
the idea of a United Front to him: Ajoy da, if wwant to defeat the Congress, we have to unite a
parties If we fight the elections on a commo
platform, we could defeat the Congress. Ajoy bab
then began efforts in that direction.
The first United Front government, led by Ajo
Mukherjee and Jyoti Basu, was formed in Wes
Bengal in 1967.
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The midnight drama: declaration of the Emergency
A few minutes before midnight on 25 June 1975, the
President of India, Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, proclaimed a
State of Emergency under Article 352 of the
Constitution. I was in Calcutta for my Rajya Sabhaelection, scheduled for 26 June, and got to know of this
development on the morning of the 26th. Indira Gandhi
asked me to return to Delhi as soon as the election was
over and meet her at the earliest.
Siddhartha Shankar Ray
The Emergency had been declared according to the
provisions of the Constitution rather than in spite of it.
I argued that if the Constitution had indeed been
abrogated, why would the Rajya Sabha election take
place at all? The logic worked and people started to seereason. Around 11 a.m., Siddhartha Shankar Ray the then
Chief Minister of West Bengal returned to Calcutta from
Delhi and called me to his chamber. I met him there
along with D.P. Chattopadhyaya and a couple of state
ministers, one being Abdus Sattar, and discussed the
developing scenario. Siddhartha babu briefed us about
the happenings in Delhi the night before.
It is believed that Siddhartha Shankar Ray played an
important role in the decision to declare the Emergency:
it was his suggestion, and Indira Gandhi acted on it. In
fact, Indira Gandhi told me subsequently that she was
not even aware of the constitutional provisions allowing
for the declaration of a state of Emergency on grounds
of internal disturbance.
Indo-Pak Conflict in 1971
According to Siddhartha Shankar Rays deposition before
the Shah Commission (set up by the Janata government
to investigate the excessesof the Emergency), he was
summoned to Indira Gandhis residence on the morning
of 25 June 1975. He reached 1 Safdarjung Road and met
Indira Gandhi, who said that she had received a slew of
reports indicating that the country was heading into a
crisis. She told him that in view of the all-round
indiscipline and lawlessness, some strong corrective
measures needed to be taken. Siddhartha babu told the Shah Commission that Indira Gandhi had, on two
three previous occasions, told him that India needed some shock treatment and that some emergent pow
or drastic powerwas necessary. He had told her that they could take recourse to the laws already on t
Emergency was perhaps an avoi dabl e event
The Emergency was a crucial phase in our parliamentar
democracy. The declaration, its operation and, finally, it
withdrawal had a profound impact on Indias politica
structure as I have mentioned earlier. Those who had bee
sceptical of a parliamentary democracy succeeding in Indi
became gleeful at the thought that they had been prove
correct.
It will be sufficient to say here that many of us who wer
part of the Union Cabinet at that time (I was a junio
minister) did not then understand its deep and far-reachin
impact. While there is no doubt that it brought with it som
major positive changes discipline in public life, a growin
economy, controlled inflation, a reversed trade deficit fo
the first time, enhanced developmental expenditures and
crackdown on tax evasion and smuggling it was perhaps a
avoidable event. Suspension of fundamental rights an
political activity (including trade union activity), large-sca
arrests of political leaders and activists, press censorship
and extending the life of legislatures by not conductin
elections were some instances of the Emergency adversel
affecting the interests of the people. The Congress and Indir
Gandhi had to pay a heavy price for this misadventure.
Deposing before the Shah Commission, Siddhartha Shanka
Ray ran into Indira Gandhi in the Commission Hall and tosse
a sprightly remark: You look pretty today. Despite you
efforts, retorted a curt Indira.
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statute books. Siddhartha babu then asked Indira Gandhi
for some time to consider the possible courses of action,
and returned later that evening, at about 5 p.m., to tell
her that she could consider, if she so desired, Article 352
of the Constitution for the purpose of imposing internal
emergency [whereupon] she asked Shri Ray to go along with
her to the President immediately She gave to the
President a summary of what she had told Shri Ray with
regard to the facts, that the President heard her for about
twenty minutes to half an hour and then asked Shri Ray as
to what were the exact words in the Constitution, that the
President then told the Prime Minister to make her
recommendation
At the AICC session at Delhi in August 1974, Siddhartha
babu told me of an imminent cabinet reshuffle, indicating
some of the potential changes. As my diary entry for theday reminds me, he revealed to me that I would get a
better portfolio/assignment. His information proved to be
correct, as was evident in the reshuffle of October 1974
(when I was made Minister of State for Finance).
And, again not surprisingly, these very people took a sharp
about-turn when the Shah Commission was set up to look
into the Emergency excesses. Not only did they disown
their involvement, they pinned all the blame on Indira
Gandhi, pleading their own innocence. Siddhartha babu was
no exception. Deposing before the Shah Commission, he ran
into Indira Gandhi draped in a crimson saree that day in the
Commission Hall and tossed a sprightly remark: You look
pretty today.
Despite your efforts, retorted a curt Indira Gandhi.
Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, the then Home Minister, told the
Shah Commission that he was summoned to the Prime
Ministers residence at about 10.30 p.m. and was told that
on account of the deteriorating law and order situation, it
was necessary to impose an internal Emergency
The proceedings of the Shah Commission were peculiar.Suffice it to say that it seemed that the Commission was
collecting materials and information only to substantiate a
pre-conceived conclusion.
JP failed to see through opportunism
JP [Jayaprakash Narayan] had contended that if a government was corrupt, people, through agitation, cou
demand its resignation. Which democracy in the world would permit a change of a popularly and freely electe
Man behind the mess: Indira Gandhi imposed Emergen
on the advice of Siddhartha Shankar Ray, the then We
Bengal Chief Minister
Kasu Brabmananda Reddy (centre), the Home Minister w
signed a letter seeking the Presidents assent for imposi
internal emergency with Maharastra Congress leaders 1977.
President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, who declared t
Emergency
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government through means other than a popular election?
Can parties beaten at the hustings replace a popularly
elected government by sheer agitation? Was it not prudent
for those who were determined to change the government
to wait till the elections which were but round the corner?
Why did the opposition want Indira Gandhi to resign even
before the appeal was heard by the Supreme Court? Is it
not a fact that the Supreme Court permitted Indira Gandhi
to continue as Prime Minister against a conditional stay?
How could anybody replace her when the overwhelming
majority of Congress MPs with a two-thirds majority in the
Lok Sabha resolved that Indira Gandhi should continue as
the partys leader in Parliament and thereby as the Prime
Minister of India? How does the issue of morality at all arise
when allegations causing Indira Gandhi to lose the
Allahabad High Court election suit were of a technical
nature and no charges of moral turpitude could be
established against her?....
Without a doubt, JP was spearheading the strategy of the
opposition. With no one among them to measure up to
Indira Gandhis political charisma, they needed a moral
authority to provide them strength. And who better than JP
to do this at the time? Without JP, this movement would
not have been so powerful.
I did not know JP. I met him only once in 1974 at the
Gandhi Peace Foundation along with C.M. Stephen.
Krishna Kant had organized this meeting. I was impressed
by his personality and his genuine approach to this
emotional and sensitive issue. I found him to be far above
petty political games; he truly wanted to restore moral
values in Indian politics. He was a rare Indian politician
who didnt clamour for office or power in spite of having
it within his reach; he was a man who could have
succeeded Nehru as the second most popular man on the
Indian political stage
However, rationally speaking, I could not support the
movement. To me it appeared to be directionless. It wascontradictory in that it was a movement fighting against
corruption yet composed of people and parties whose
integrity was not above board.
De-Indiraization
Although Brahmananda Reddy was elected Congress President with her blessing and support. Even in speech
felicitating the newly elected Congress President, the venom against Indira Gandhi and her followers w
Mukherjee, then Minister of State for Finance, addressi
Income Tax Commissioners during the 'raid raj' in 1976
Mukherjee says many Congress leaders such as Y.B.Chanv
(in pic) had not dared to utter a word against Indira Gand
when when she was in power, and were the first to abu
here the moment she was out of office.
Sanjay Gandhi after his arrest at Tis Hazari Court in Ne
Delhi
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clearly, and ominously, evident. [Y.B.] Chavan observed, You
have won the election and we have won democracy.
Ray said that the new Congress President faced the onerous
task of taking firm action against those who had misled the
party and used party power to amass huge fortunes. Thenation will judge us by what we do and if we fail to project
a proper image before the people, we will not be forgiven
by posterity
Hearing such comments, one wonders what these paragons
of propriety were doing during the past few months. Chavan
was part of the Congress high command since the mid-1960s
and Ray stepped into Indira Gandhis charmed circle after
the split of 1969. We found our own answers: these big
leaders were little more than paper tigers. They had not
dared to utter a word against Indira Gandhi when she was in
power, and were the first to abuse her the moment she was
out of office
Battle lines drawn in the Congress
On 3 October 1977, the CBI arrested Indira Gandhi from her
residence at 12 Willingdon Crescent. I was at home when
I got the news from a United News of India correspondent
that Indira Gandhi, along with K.D. Malaviya, H.R. Gokhale,
P.C. Sethi and D.P. Chattopadhyaya, had been arrested. The
correspondent told me that I, too, was likely to be arrested.
I waited on the lawn with my pipe, tobacco, matchbox and
a small suitcase. I decided I would not apply for bail, and
prepared myself for an indefinite stay in jail.
A few minutes later, the judge, R. Dayal, delivered his
judgement and she was honourably acquitted....
A basket after a caning
Indira Gandhi headed into the 1980 elections strong and
confident as ever. Demonstrating that she clearly had her
finger on the pulse of the nation, she predicted a rousing
victory. This was evident in an interaction I had with her on
the choice of party candidates for election. While I was all
for choosing core and loyal Congressmen to contest, Indira
Gandhi advised me to choose people who could run the
governments confident was she of electoral success. And
her confidence was well-founded.
Sanjay Gandhi told me, It was already decided to include
you in the government with the cabinet rank as Commerce
Minister.....
President of India Shri Pranab Mukherjee
taking oath of his office
The Cor nered cat by Shar ad Yada v
A few months before the Emergency was imposed oJune 25, 1975, the Jan Sangh invited Jayaprakas
Narayan to be their guest at a meeting. I opposed hi
decision to go. Two days later, when I was still sulking
JP took me out on a drive and started talking abou
Indira Gandhi. He had known Indira since the time sh
was a child, he told me, and added: Indu is stronge
than her father, Jawaharlal both at spiritual and
physical levels. Indira showed the tough side of he
character on the night the Emergency was declared
I was shocked and completely in the dark when the polic
came for me at my house in Jabalpur. JP alone coul
bring all the parties together to defeat Indira. She coulcreate conflicting opinions about her among people an
keep them guessing about here next move. JP mobilize
protests across northern, western and eastern India, bu
India responded like a cornered cat.
Many congress leaders slammed C.Subramaniam for taki
a Harsh stand against Indira Gandhi while deposing befo
the Shah Commission
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Only politicians should become president and vice president
I continued to be the leader of the House for a full term of five years till 31 December 1984, when I w
dropped from the government.
I am of the view that offices such as those of the President and Vice President should not be held by peop
other than politicians, and the role of presiding officers in legislative chambers has to be similarly viewed.
India, presiding officers are elected with the support of political parties and, as such, one cannot expect the
to be free of political inclination altogether. Though they must strive to remain neutral, their neutrality cann
be stretched to a ridiculous extent.
- Courtesy : The W
The St unning defeat and i t s af t ermat h
Dramatic as always in her decision making. Indira Gandhi announced elections on 18 January 1977, despite the fact that she
had the option under the Emergency, to defer them for another year. Many were convinced that her call for elections was due
to her confidence that she would return to power. This, her critics said, came from the fact that a significant number of
opposition leaders were in prison, trade union activity was practically non-existent, and there was hardly any open politicalactivity. However, Indira Gandhis decision was prompted by her concern that the continuance of the Emergency would harm
Indian democracy, a concern that was in turn prompted by disquieting reports of the misuse of power at various levels
I made up my mind to remain with Indira Gandhi, come what may. I knew that I had no skeletons in my closet and though mud
was slung at me by the media, the baseless allegations did not bother me too much.
Rajiv Gandhis reaction was sharp. He pointed out that the Janata Party government was unlikely to have anything against
Indira Gandhi, aside from some flimsy charges of illegal connivance to secure some jeeps for the party.
I asked the Shah Commission to give its ruling in writing so that in case it deemed it appropriate for me to give evidence
disregarding my oath as a minister, I could challenge it in the court of law. However, they refused..
It [Rajya Sabha] could not take advantage of the numerical position of a party to play an obstructionist role against the
wishes of the ruling party, which had come to power with the mandate of the people.
The Best Cosmetics in Life:
TRUTH - for lips,
SYMPATHY - for eyes,
PRAYER - for voice,
CHARITY - for hands,
SMILE - for face and
LOVE - for heart.
Use them well and make Life Beautiful!
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PM C
INDIA-BASED NEUTRINO OBSERVATORY PROJECTExistence of Neutrino in the Universe
Remember Robert Langdonthe fictional Harvardprofessor created by Dan Brown and enacted on screen by
Tom Hanksin a race against time to save the Vatican
from being blown up with a small vial of antimatter?
Matter and antimatter have opposite electric charges and
will annihilate each other if they meet. In Browns novel
Angels and Demons, Langdon saves the Vatican, but real
life scientists are yet to figure out why matter and
antimatter have not yet destroyed each other. Accordingto the big bang theory, matter and antimatter formed in
equal amounts at the time of the origin of the universe.
So, they should have cancelled each other out. But, we are still here. So, where did antimatter go?
Scientists believe that it was some asymmetry in favour of matter that allowed it to survive and they ho
neutrinosthe second most abundant particles in the universe after photonsmay offer a clue to this puzzl
They postulate that in neutrinos, there is a difference in the behaviour of matter and antimatter, which cou
help explain the preponderance of matter in the universe.
Neutrinos were produced during the creation of the universe. The sun produces a trillion trillion trillio
neutrinos every second. Trillions of them pass through our bodies every day. Apart from stars like the sun, th
are produced by the collision of cosmic particles in the earths atmosphere and by nuclear reactors, too.
Prediction
Their existence was first predicted in 1930 by the maverick Austrian physicist Wolfgang Pauli, who bet a ca
of champagne that no one would ever detect the
because they interact so weakly with matter. Twenty-s
years later, two Americans, Frederick Reines and Clid
Cowan, experimentally proved their presence and se
Pauli a telegram. We are happy to inform you that w
have definitely detected neutrinos, wrote the duo. Pa
duly sent them a case of champagne.
In September 2011, the world stared in disbelief whenteam of scientists said they found neutrinos could trav
faster than light. Their experiment at the Grand Sas
National Laboratory in Italy was tracking neutrinos
quantify how often they changed types (flavour,
scientific terms: there are three types, known as electro
muon and tau neutrinos), by a process called oscillatio
The experiment observed that the neutrinos covered t
RESEARCH NEUTRINO
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730km between CERN, near Geneva, to the Grand Sasso lab, 60
billionth of a second quicker than light. The discovery would
have been a challenge to Einsteins theory of relativity and
centuries of conventional wisdom in physics. However, months
later, a series of repeat experiments confirmed Einstein to be
right and that a faulty mechanical connection was possibly
behind the unusual initial result. It cost two leading scientists
their jobs and made the scientific community all the more
sceptical about dealing with neutrinos.
What, however, makes the study of neutrinos interesting is that
they hate rules, or at least the rules of the standard model of
physics. The standard model, for instance, postulates that
neutrinos do not have mass. This means they travel at the
speed of light and are not subject to the flow of time. But
scientists have shown that neutrinos change flavours.
Oscillation is proof that they cannot travel at the speed of lightand, therefore, have mass.
Neutrino oscillations are the first known particle interactions
that point towards physics beyond the standard model.
Knowing more about them could revolutionise the way we study physics, says Naba Mondal, a professor at th
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai, who leads a team of Indian scientists doing research
neutrinos. India has joined a select group of nations that study the various properties of neutrinos with th
India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO), a mega-science project under the 12th Five-Year Plan. The ma
component of the project is an underground detector lab, which is coming up at Pottipuram in Theni distri
of Tamil Nadu. The Union cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi gave its formal approval for th
INO on December 24. The approval is expected to speed up the project and help it stick to its schedule
showing initial results by 2019.
Indian Scientists on Neutrino
Mondal says by setting up the INO, India is taking up its rightful position in neutrino research. Indian scientis
started experimental observation of neutrino interactions at the Kolar gold mines in Karnataka way back in th
1950s. The 2,700m-deep mine gave scientists an excellent opportunity to study neutrinos. The experimen
however, had to be shut down in 1992 after the gold reserves were exhausted. Watching the neutrinos was n
a sustainable enterprise back then.
Nearly two and a half decades later, the INO, with a proposed investment of Rs.1,500 crore, hopes to take o
from what was left behind at Kolar. Its initial focus will be on atmospheric neutrinos. The heart of the proje
is an underground laboratory with a large magnetised iron calorimeter (ICAL) detector. When completed, it w
be the worlds most massive magnetised detector with 50,000 tonnes of iron plates separated by resistive plachambers. The ICAL, which will detect the neutrinos, will be placed inside an underground cave, accessib
through a horizontal tunnel, which will be 1,900m long. The detector requires a rock cover of 1,000m or mo
in all directions since the atmospheric neutrinos are seen in the company of a huge flux of cosmic waves, an
the rock cover will help filter those cosmic waves out.
The INO scientific management board is headed by the director of TIFR, while the project management boa
is chaired by the director of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre. Sekhar Basu, director of BARC, says he expec
the INO to complement several other neutrino experiments going on in different countries. Not many detector
GHOST HUNT
Neutrinos are neutral subatomic particles belongin
to the lepton family, of which the electrons ar
the most famous. They pass through almost a
matter with which they interact rarely and feebl Studying neutrinos could help scientists zero in o
the correct theory beyond the standard model an
explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in th
universe
The INO aims at setting up an undergroun
laboratory with a magnetised iron calorimete
(ICAL) detector to study the properties of naturall
produced neutrinos in the earths atmosphere
A mega-science project under the 12th Five-Yea
Plan, the project is jointly funded by th
department of atomic energy and the departmen
of science and technology The Union cabinet gave its final approval for th
project on December 24
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however, are studying atmospheric neutrinos at present. If we
succeed, we could lead other countries of the world, he says.
China, could, however, steal a march over India. It has started
work on a neutrino observatory in the Jiangmen province, with
goals similar to that of the INO. With the cabinet giving its
approval for the project, the INO should ensure that it does not
lose its first-mover advantage in studying atmospheric
neutrinos, says Jaiby Joseph, a nuclear physicist, who is part
of the INO team.
Such support from the government is crucial in exploring the
unlimited potential of neutrino research. Neutrinos may have a
role to play in oil and gas exploration as well as in detecting
nuclear reactions. Nuclear reactors produce neutrinos, which
cannot be hidden by any shield. A network of neutrino
detectors will be able to monitor all nuclear activity on earth, says Amol Dighe, an INO collaborator, wh
teaches theoretical physics at TIFR.In the communication sector, for instance, neutrinos offer countless possibilities. If we have to send a sign
to the other side of the earth today, it has to go around the earth (using satellites or ionosphere). But a sign
sent using neutrinos can go directly through the earth in a straight line and so it reaches faster. Although th
is speculative, neutrinos can improve the speed of communication, says Dighe. In 2012, a team of Americ
researchers at Fermilab in Chicago sent a message via neutrinos through 240 metres of hard rock. The messag
which simply read neutrino, was sent using a beam of neutrinos. This application could revolutionise the wa
we communicate with remote targets like submarines and even the functioning of stock markets. Forb
magazine, for instance, estimates that traders using neutrino-based communication will get a 44 millisecon
advantage for a London-Sydney transaction, which is a lot of time in high-velocity trading.
Other than the commercial and technological applications, the INO should be seen as an attempt to promo
the development of basic science in India, says Mustansir Barma, former director of TIFR. Vivek Datar, w