putting the ‘s’ in spag a whistle-stop tour. plurals just add an s (word ends in consonant or e)...
TRANSCRIPT
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Putting the ‘S’ in SPaGPutting the ‘S’ in SPaGA whistle-stop tour
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PluralsPlurals
just add an s (word ends in consonant or e)
change y to i add -es
-ch,-sh,-x, -s add-es
-f changes to v add-es (thief-thieves)
change the word completely! (person-people)
Just because there is an s there, it does not mean that it needs an apostrophe.
Just because there is an s there, it does not mean that it needs an apostrophe.
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Verb endingsVerb endingspresent and future tensepresent and future tense
Add -ing (some nouns): building,climbing, sprawling, vanishing.
Drop final -e/ add -ing: exciting, raising, amazing, wrestling.
Short vowel/double consonant/ add -ing: stopping, beginning.
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Verb endingsVerb endingspast tensepast tense
Add -ed: camped, echoed, stretched, discovered, transformed.
Short vowel/double consonant/add -ed: grabbed, planned
Change the y to i/add -ed: carried, qualified, satisfied, married.
Add -d: arrived, injured, judged, released, replaced, illuminated.
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double consonants/short vowels (word ends in consonant or e): actually, generally, physically.
add -ly consonant/long vowel: frequently, highly, perfectly, smoothly, thoroughly, importantly.
add -ly word ends e (e needed for rest of word): approximately, extremely.
remove e/add -ly word ends e (removing won’t change the rest of the word): gently
AdverbsAdverbs
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i before e except after i before e except after cc
sound ee/put iesound ee/put ie
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PrefixesPrefixesNeed to know key Need to know key
prefixesprefixes
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SuffixesSuffixes
key suffixes+rules to key suffixes+rules to add add beautiful, carefully, colourful, effortless, hopeful, regardless, successful, wonderful, responsible.
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SuperlativesSuperlatives
Add –est to denote the ‘best’ of a group of objects
biggest, largest, nastiest, tallest, widest
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ComparativesComparatives
Add –er to make direct comparisons
taller, larger, bigger, nastier, wider
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CompounCompound Wordsd Words
Some words are made by joining two roots together
countryside, headquarters, themselves, throughout
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Double consonantsDouble consonants
Used to protect/create short vowel sounds in words
apprehensive, common, different, difficult, excellent, follow, million, opposite, passenger, pollution, press, slippery, still, successful, sunny, permission, currency, common, opportunity.
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Silent LettersSilent Letters
Many letters are used ‘silently’ in words.
castles, climbing, designed, different, environment, hedges, interesting, knowledge, known, should, strength, stretched, surprise, wrestling
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Shun soundShun soundThere are five ways of spelling this sound
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-ive words-ive words
Usually used as a suffix; often misspelled as -iv, -eve or –ave. It follows the normal suffix rules
apprehensive, destructive, expensive
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-al words-al words ee soundsee sounds
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These words have the same sound as
another, but are spelt differently
heard (herd), practice (practise), weight
(wait), where (wear, ware)
homophoneshomophones
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Common WordsCommon WordsThese words incorporate a range of spelling rules and sound patterns, including some of those listed above – can you spot them?
amongst, anchors, audience, aware, between, breeze, capable, change, complete, crawl, crept, first, future, journey, moment, most, mysterious, perform, press, purpose, realistic, serious, shook, silence, sneeze, symbol, technique, top, tumble, luxury, delicate, ordinary, fibres.