pv system mechanical design - energy instructor - pv system... · pv system mechanical design....
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ESS 034Advanced Photovoltaic Systems
Energy 142 NABCEP (North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners) Entry Level Test Review
PV System Mechanical Design
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Lesson Plan
• Electrical Design – Any Questions?
• NABCEP Learning Objectives: Mechanical Design
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ESS 032Photovoltaics Design/Installation
NABCEP Learning ObjectivesNABCEP Learning Objectives
![Page 4: PV System Mechanical Design - Energy Instructor - PV System... · PV System Mechanical Design. Lesson Plan • Electrical Design – Any Questions? • NABCEP Learning Objectives:](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052211/5b6eec4b7f8b9a58578b8b30/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ESS 032Photovoltaics Design/Installation
NABCEP Learning ObjectivesNABCEP Learning Objectives
![Page 5: PV System Mechanical Design - Energy Instructor - PV System... · PV System Mechanical Design. Lesson Plan • Electrical Design – Any Questions? • NABCEP Learning Objectives:](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052211/5b6eec4b7f8b9a58578b8b30/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Aerial lifts are sometimes required to reach roofs or areas with poor accessibility.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Several passive techniques can be used to keep arrays cool, which improves array performance.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Modules mounted directly on the roof surface increase the heat transfer into a building.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Assembling PV subsystems such as panels before lifting them to the roof is easier and reduces installation time.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Mounting systems may hold modules at a fixed tilt, or may allow adjustments to be made to the tilt for greater solar energy gain.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Roof rack mounts secure modules on a triangular trusslike structure that mounts to flat or low-tilt roofs.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Standoff mounts allow several inches of space between the modules and the mounting surface.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Ground rack mounts are versatile designs that can accommodate both large- and small-scale installations.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Single-axis tracking mounts rotate one axis to approximately follow the sun as it moves across the sky.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Dual-axis tracking mounts rotate two axes to exactly follow the sun as it moves across the sky.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Galvanic corrosion can occur when two dissimilar metals are in contact with each other.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Sacrificial anodes are more prone to galvanic corrosion than the metal they protect, so they corrode first.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Most structural loads are specified as a force per area. When the area attaches to other structures at certain points, the load is divided between the points.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Dead loads result from the weight of arrays and permanent components. Live loads are caused by the weight of people and/or items that are temporarily on the structure.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• The wind-load forces at attachment points can be downward, lifting, or lateral forces, depending on wind direction and the orientation of the array.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Basic wind speeds are region-specific and are highest in coastal areas prone to hurricanes.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Snow loads cause forces similar to dead loads, but the potential magnitude of a snow load varies greatly among geographic regions.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Lag screws are the most common type of fastener used to attach array mounting systems to wood structures, usually residential roofs.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Allowable withdrawal loads for lag screws are greater with larger screw diameter, deeper thread penetration, and higher-density lumber.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Blocking is used to provide a structural member between roof rafters.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Spanning is used to provide a structural member across roof rafters. Blocking boards are required to support the spanner.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• J-bolts secure attachment points by hooking around structural members.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Self-ballasting systems rely on the weight of the array, support structure, and ballasting material to secure the array without making roof penetrations.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Ground foundations for rack mounts typically include concrete footers and may use wood as part of the aboveground rack structure.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• To weather-seal roof penetrations, caulking material is applied between the bracket and the roof surface, around the fastener, and in the pilot hole.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration
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• Flashings and rubber boots provide the highest- quality weather seal for attachment penetrations.
Chapter 10 – Mechanical IntegrationChapter 10 – Mechanical Integration