pw cxc thz-§fpw · jpÀ-b\pw cxc thz-§fpw jpÀ-b\pw cxc thz-§fpw qur'anum ithara vedangalum...

$: pw CXc thZ-§fpw · JpÀ-B\pw CXc thZ-§fpw JpÀ-B\pw CXc thZ-§fpw qur'anum ithara vedangalum (qur'an and other scriptures) malayalam author: m.m.akbar publishers: niche of truth$
Jp¿-B\pw CXc thZ-ßfpw Jp¿-B\pw CXc thZ-ßfpw

Jp¿-B\pw

CXc thZ-ßfpw


Jp¿-B\pw

CXc thZ-ßfpw

Fw.Fw. AIv_¿

\n®v Hm-^v SqØv


qur'anum ithara vedangalum(qur'an and other scriptures)malayalamauthor:m.m.akbarpublishers:niche of truthkalabhavan road, cochin- 18first edition :september 2002typesetting : creative mediacover : yoonusprinting: screen o site, cochin

price: rs. 25/-

Cu temIØns\mcp kjvSmhp≠v˛ Poh≥

\¬In hmbphpw sh≈hpw kuIcys∏SpØn `qansb

PohnXtbmKyam°nb ]caImcpWnI\mb kjvSmhv. \mw

ChnsS Fßs\ Pohn°Wsa∂pw Cu PohnXØns≥d

]cae£yw Fs¥∂pw ZqX∑m¿ aptJ\ kjvSmhv \sΩ

]Tn∏n®p. \ΩpsS PohnXØns≥d IW°v acWtijw

\mw kjvSmhns≥d apºn¬ t_m[n∏nt°≠nhcpw. A∂v

]pWyw sNbvXh\v \∑bpw ]m]w sNbvXh\v Xn∑bpw

]Xnêw In´pw. AXn\m¬ kjvSmhv Xs≥d ZqXcneqsS

\¬Inb \n¿tZia\pkcn®v Pohn°pIbmWv a\pjys≥d

c£mam¿Kw.

\ap°v temIkjvSmhv \¬Inb \n¿tZi

kwlnXbmWv Jp¿B≥. aplΩZv \_nbneqsS Ah≥ B

ktµiw a\pjy¿s°Øn®psImSpØp. CXdn™hcpw

AdnbmØhcpw \ap°nSbn¬ D≠v. temIsc apgph≥

kjvSmhns≥d ktµiadnbn°¬ AXdn™hcpsS

_m[yXbmWv. AXn\mbn cq]oIrXamb Hcp

]kvYm\amWv "\n®v Hm^-v SqØv'.

\mYm, kXyaX ktµi]NcWØn\p

th≠nbp≈ hn\oXamsbmcp kwcwàmWnXv. \o G¬]n®

DØchmZnØØns≥d \n¿hlWØn\p th≠nbp≈

Ffnb iaw. CsXmcp ]Xnêm¿lamb ]h¿Ø\ambn

kzoIcnt°Wta (Bao≥).

UbdIvS¿


a‰-p arKßsf t]mse P∑hmk\ sIm≠v amXw Pohn-°p-

hm≥ a\p-jy\v Ign-bn√. Hcp kmaqlyPohn F∂ \nebv°v

Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]men-t°≠ hn[nhne-°p-Isf Ipdn®v

kz¥-ambn Kth-jWw sNbvXv I≠p ]nSn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ignhpw

ssZhw a\p-jy\v \¬In-bn-´n-√. kmaqly LS-\°\pkr-X-ambn

[m¿anI \nb-a-ßƒ \n¿an-°m-sa∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ D≠m-°n-

sb-SpØ kZm-Nmc aqey-ß-fn-e-[n-Ihpw a\pjy kaq-l-Øn\v

\mihpw \jvShpw amX-amWv hcpØn sh®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. a\p-jy≥

Fßs\ Pohn-°-W-sa∂v ]Tn-∏n-°m≥ \sΩ krjvSn®v ]cn-]m-en-

°p∂ Xºp-cm\v amXta Ign-bq. Pohn-X-Øn¬ kzoI-cn-t°≠

hn[nhne-°p-Iƒ Fs¥m-s°-bm-sW∂v ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn A`-y-kn-

∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bmWv ssZhw ]hm-N-I≥amsc ]d-™-b-®-Xv.

Ah¿ ssZhnI t_m[-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv kwkm-cn-®ncp-

∂Xv- F∂-Xn-\memWv hnizmk tbmKy-cm-Ip-∂-Xv. ]hm-N-I-∑m-cn-

eqsS am\-h-cm-in°v ssZhw thZKŸ-ßƒ Ah-X-cn -∏n®p

sImSpØp. a\p-jy¿ Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]ment°≠

am¿K\n¿tZ-i-ß-fmWv thZKŸ-ß-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv. Cl-]c

PohnX hnP-bØn-\m-h-iy-amb \nba\n¿tZ-i-ß-fpsS kam-lm-c-

amWv thZw F∂p ]d-bmw.

9


a\p-jy¿ Htc amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS a°-fmWv. BZan-s‚bpw l∆

bp sSbpw a°ƒ. a\p-jy-sc√mw Hscm-dd kap-Zm-b-ambncp∂p. GI-

\mb kjvSm-hns\ amXw Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw Ahs‚ hn[n-hne°p-

Iƒ ]men-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂ kap-Zm-bw. ]n∂oSv Ah¿ `n∂n-

®p. ssZhnI am¿K\n¿tZ-i-ß-fn¬\n-∂p≈ hyXn-N-e\w GsXmcp

kaq-l-Ønepw `n∂-n-∏n\pw kv]¿[bv°pw amXta \nan-Ø-am-Iq.

a\p-jy≥ -n∂n-®t∏mƒ ssZhn-I-amb sFIy-Øns‚ ]mŸm-hn-te°v

Ahsc \bn-°m≥ ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏- p. -n∂n-∏n\v Xo¿∏p-

I¬]n°p-hm\pw bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ ssZhn-I \nba \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ

]Tn-∏n-°p-hm\pw th≠n thZßƒ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. thZ-ß-

fnse hn[nhne-°p-I-f-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p∂ kaql-Øn¬ `-n∂n-∏p-

≠m-Ip-I-bn-s√-∂v kv]jvS-amWv.

F∂m¬ thZw \¬I-s∏-´-h¿ Xs∂ ]n∂oSv `-n∂n-°p-Ibpw

]c-kv]cw kwL- -\-ß-fn-te¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-∂mWv Ncn-X-

Øn¬\n∂v \mw a\- n-em-°p-∂Xv. thZ-ß-fnse \nba\n¿tZ-i-ß-

fn¬ \n∂v AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-sf-∂-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ AI∂p

t]mbXpw kzm¿∞n-I-fmb ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m¿ P\-ßsf NqjWw

sNøm≥ th≠n thZXXz-ß-fnepw hN-\-ß-fn¬ Xs∂bpw ambw

tN¿Ø-Xp-amWv CXn\v Imc-Ww. Ah-km-\sØ thZ-K-Ÿ-amb Jp¿-

B≥ C°mcyw hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv ImWp-I. ""a\p-jy¿ Hscm-dd kap

Zm-b-am-bn-cp∂p.- A\-¥cw kt¥mj hm¿Ø Adnbn-°p-hm\pw

Xm°oXv \¬Ip-hm-\p-ambn A√mlp ]hm-N-I≥amsc \ntbm-Kn-®p.

Ah¿ `-n∂n® hnj-b-Øn¬ Xo¿∏v I¬∏n-°p-hm-\mbn Ah-cpsS

IqsS kXythZhpw Ah≥ Ab®p sImSpØp.- F∂m-¬ thZw

\¬ I-s∏-´-h¿ Xs∂ hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ h∂p Inńb tijw

AXn¬ `-n∂n-®n-´p-≈Xv Ah¿ XΩn-ep≈ am¬kcyw aqe-a-√msX

as‰-m∂p sIm≠p-a√. F∂m¬ GsXmcp kXy-Øn¬ \n∂v Ah¿

`-n∂n-®-I-∂pthm B k-Xy-Øn-te°v A√mlp Xs‚ Xm¬]cy

]Imcw kXyhnizm-kn-Iƒ°v hgn ImWn-®p. Xm\p-t±-in-°p-∂-hsc

A√mlp icn-bmb ]mX-bn-te°v \bn-°p-∂p''- (Jp¿-B≥ 2:-213).-

F√m ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°pw Ah-X-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p≈ KŸ-ß-fn¬

hniz-kn-t°-≠Xv kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS IS-a-bm-Wv. Jp¿-B≥ ]dbp

-∂Xv t\m°p-I. ""kXyhnizm-kn-I-tf, A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ Zq-X-

\nepw Ahs‚ ZqX\v Ah≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n® KŸ-Ønepw \nßƒ

hniz-kn-°p-hn-≥. A√m-lp-hnepw Ah-s‚ ae-°p-I-fnepw Ahs‚

KŸ-ß-fnepw Ahs‚ ZqX-∑m-cnepw A¥yZn\-Ønepw h√-h\pw

Ahn-iz-kn-°p∂ ]£w Ah≥ _lpZqcw ]ng®p t]mbn-cn-°p-∂p''-

(Jp¿-B≥ 4:-136).--

""]d-bp-I, A√m-lp-hnepw Rßƒ°-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´-Xnepw

C_mlow, Ckvam-Cu¬, Ckvlm-Jv, bAvJq_v, bAvJq_v k¥-

Xn-Iƒ F∂n-h¿°v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏- -Xnepw, aqkm°pw Cukm°pw

addp ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°pw Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬ \n∂v \¬I-s∏-

-Xnepw Rßƒ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn-em¿°n-S-bnepw Rßƒ

hnth-N\w I¬]n-°p-∂n-√. Rßƒ A√m-lp-hn\v Iogvs]- -h-cm-Wv''-

(Jp¿-B≥ 3:-84).

apºv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-sf-sb√mw icnsh®p

sIm≠pw AwKo-I-cn®p sIm≠p-amWv Jp¿-B≥ Ah-Xo¿W-am-bn-

cn-°p-∂Xv. C°mcyw Jp¿-B≥ Xs∂ ]Jym-]n-°p-∂Xv ImWpI.

""(\_n-tb) \n\-°nXm kXy-]-Imcw thZ-KŸw Ah-X-cn-∏n®p X∂n-

cn-°p-∂p. AXns‚ apºn-ep≈ thZ-K-Ÿ-ßsf icnsh°p-∂Xpw

Ahsb ImØp-c-£n-°p-∂-Xp-a-sX AXv''- (Jp¿-B≥ 5:-48).

Hmtcm ]hm-N-I\pw X\n°p- apºv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ thZ-KŸ-

ßsf AwKo-I-cn®p sIm≠mWv IS∂p h∂Xv. F√m ]hm-N-I≥

am¿°pw P\-ßƒ°v ap∂n¬ sh°p-hm-\p-≠-bn-cp∂ ktµ-i-Øns‚

sFIy- -mhw sIm≠m-WnXv. Ah¿s°√mw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn ]Tn

∏n-°p-hm-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv Htc Bi-bm-Z¿i-ßƒ Xs∂-bm-bncp∂p;-

thZ-ß-fpsSsb√mw ASn-ÿm\ XXz-ßƒ H∂p Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Ah XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw GXm\pw Nne \nb-a-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬

amXam-bn-cp∂p. Ckm-bn-en-te°v Ab-°-s∏´ ]hm-N-I-\mb tbip

]d-™-Xmbn Jp¿-B≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv- t\m°p-I. ""-Fs‚ apºn-

ep≈ Xudm-Øns\ kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h-\mbns°m≠pw \nß-fpsS

ta¬ \njn-≤-am-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fn¬ NneXv \nßƒ°v A\p-h-Z-n-

®p-X-cp-hm≥ th≠n-bp-am-Ip∂p (Rm≥ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xv)''-

(Jp¿-B≥ 3:-50).-

C°mcyw kphn-ti-j-ßfpw D≤-cn-°p-∂p≠v ""\n-b-a-sØtbm

10 11


]hm-N-Is-ctbm d-±-m-°m-\mWv Rm≥ h∂n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v \nßƒ

[cn-°≠.- d±-m-°m-\-√, \nd-th-‰-m-\mWv Rm≥ h∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv''- (aØm-

bn.5:-17).

Jp¿-B-\n¬ \mev thZ-ßfpsS amXta t]cv ]d-™n- p-≈q. aqk

°v (A)- Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ XudmØpw, Zmho-Zn\v (A) A-h-X-cn-∏n-

°-s∏´ k_q-dpw, tbip-hn\v (A) A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ C©oepw,

apl-ΩZn\v (k) Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ Jp¿-B-\p-am-W-h. F∂m¬ Ch-

b-√m-sXbpw thZ-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p-s≠-∂-Xn\v Jp¿-B-\n¬

kqN-\-I-fp-≠v. \qlv, C_-v-dm-low, Ckvlm-Jv, bAv-Jq-_v, Zmhq-Zv,

kpsse-am≥, Aøq-_v, bqkp-^v, aqk, lmdq≥, kI-cn-ø, blv--b,

Cukm, C¬bm-kv, Ckvam-Cu¬, A¬-b-k-Av, bq\p-kv, eqXz-v XpS-

ßnb ]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS t]cv ]d™- tijw A√mlp \S-Øp∂

]cm-a¿iw it≤-b-am-Wv. ""\mw thZhpw hn⁄m-\hpw ]hm-N-I-

Xzhpw \¬In-bn-´p-≈-h-csX Ah¿''-(Jp¿-B≥ 2:-213). CXn¬ \n∂v

apI-fn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏´ ]hm-N-I≥am-cn¬ Nne¿s°-¶nepw thZw

\¬In-bn-´p-s≠∂v hy‡-am-W-t√m.

GI-ssZ-h-Øm¬ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ ]hm-N-I≥am-cn-eqsS Ah-

X-cn-°-s∏- -XmWv thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-sf-¶n¬ ]ns∂-sb-¥p-sIm-≠mWv C∂v

\ne-\n¬°p∂ thZ-ßƒ XΩn¬ sshcp-≤y-ßfpw Bi-b-kw-L-´-

\-ßfpap≠m-bXv?- CXn∂p≈ DØ-chpw Jp¿-B≥ Xs∂ \¬Ip-

∂p-≠v.

""-F-∂m¬ kz¥w ssIIƒ sIm≠v KŸw Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m-°pI

bpw F∂n v AXv A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v e`n-®-Xm-sW∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-h¿°m-Ip∂p \miw;- AXp-ap-tJ\ hne Ipd™ t\ -ßƒ-

Ic-kvY-am-°m≥ th≠n. Ah-cpsS ssIIƒ Fgp-Xnb hI-bn-epw

Ah¿ kºm-Zn-°p∂ hI-bnepw Ah¿°v \miw''- (Jp¿-B≥ 2:-79)

""-th-Z-K-Ÿ-Ønse- hmN-I-ssi-en-Iƒ hf-s®m-Sn-°p∂ Nnecpw

Ah-cpsS Iq -Øn-ep-≠v. AXv thZ-K-Ÿ-Øn¬s] -Xm-sW∂v \nßƒ

[cn-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bm-W-Xv. AXv thZ-K-Ÿ-Øn-ep-≈-X-√. Ah¿

]dbpw AXv A√-mlphns‚ ]°¬ \n∂p-≈-Xm-sW∂v.- F∂m¬

AXv A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂p-≈-X√.- Ah¿ Adn-™p-sIm≠v A√m-

lp-hns‚ t]cn¬ I≈--w ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv.''- (Jp¿-B≥ 3:-78)

""-th-Z-°m-tc, \nß-sf-¥n-\mWv kXysØ Ak-Xy-hp-ambn Iqń-

°-e¿Øp-I-bpw Adn-™p sIm≠v- kXyw ad-®p-sh-°p-Ibpw sNøp-

∂-Xv?-''- (Jp¿-B≥ 3:-71).-

a\p-jy-\n¿anX hN-\-ßsf ssZhn-I-h-N-\-ß-fmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-

°p-Ibpw ssZhn-I-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ hf-s®m-Sn-°-ep-Iƒ \S-Øp-Ibpw

kXyhpw Ak-Xyhpw Iqń-°-e¿Øp-Ibpw kXyw ad-®p-sh-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXXpsIm≠mWv thZ-K-Ÿ-ßƒ hnI-e-ambn Xo¿∂Xv

F∂ hkvXpX hy‡-am-°p-∂-XmWv apI-fn¬ kqNn-∏n® Jp¿-B≥

kq‡-ßƒ. ap≥Ime thZ-ß-fn¬ a\p-jy-cpsS ssII-S-Ø-ep-Iƒ

\S-∂n-´p-s≠∂ hkvXp-X-bn-te°v ss__nƒ ]g-b-\n-baw \nc-h[n

kqN-\-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v Rßƒ tami-bpsS \nb-

a-Øns‚ h‡m-°-fm-sW∂ Ah-Im-i --hm-Zap-∂-bn® blqZ ]ptcm-

ln-X≥am-tcmSv Pd-anb ]hm-N-I≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xmbn ss__nƒ D≤cn-

°p∂ hN\w t\m°p-I. ""Rßƒ ⁄m\n-Iƒ, I¿Ø-m-hns‚ \nb

aw Rß-fpsS ]°-ep≠v F∂p]d-bm≥ \nßƒ°v Fßs\- Ign

bpw?- F∂m¬ CXm thZ-⁄-cpsS hymP-Xq-enI AXns\ Ak-Xy-

am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p''-. (bnscay8:-8) thZ-⁄-sc-∂-h-Im-i-s∏- -h¿ \ymb-

]-am-WsØ Xncp-Øp-Ibpw hymP-am-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-∂m-Wt√m

Cu hN\w hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.

]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS t]cn¬ addp ]ecpw Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m-°nb

]pkvX-I-ß-fmWv ss__n-fn-ep-≈-sX∂ hkvXpX ss__nƒ

]WvUn-X≥am¿ kΩ-Xn-®n-´p≠v. ]K¬`- ss__nƒ ]WvUn-X-\mb

dh:- F.-kn. t¢bn-‰¨ Fgp-Xp-∂Xv ImWp-I. ""]p-cm-X\ KŸ-I¿Øm-

°-fn¬ Nne¿ hnin-jvS-amb Hcp D]-tZ-sØ ]X-n-]m-Z-n-°p-∂-Xn\v-

BK-ln-®m¬ Ah¿ Xßƒ ]d-bp∂ D]-tZiw Zmho-Zv, lt\m-Iv,

bi-ømhv apX-emb alm≥am¿ ]d-bp-∂p-sh∂v `-mhn®v hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ Xßƒ Xs∂ Fgp-Xp-∂-hsb B a-lm≥am¿ Fgp-Xn-b-sX∂v

]d-bp-∂Xv A_-≤-am-sW∂v hnNm-cn-®n-cp-∂n-√.''- (ss__nƒ \nL-

-≠p: ]pdw 523).

ss__nƒ ]WvUn-X-\mb ]n.-Sn.Ipcp-hnfbpw C°mcyw hy‡-

am-°p-∂p≠v. ""-an° ]h-N-\-ß-fnepw ]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS hy‡-am-

bp≈ Acp-f-∏m-Sp-Ifpw Ah-cpsS Poh-N-cnX kw -h-ßfpw tcJs∏-

Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v F∂ hkvXpX tNmZyw sNøm≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-Wv.

12 13


F∂m¬ an° ]h-N-\-ßfpw Ah-bn¬ \ma-I-cWw sNbvXn-´p≈

]hm-N-I≥am¿ cNn-®n-´p-≈-X-s√-∂pw, Ah Ah-cpsS injy-K-W-

ßtfm addp kºm-Z-Itcm Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈-Xm-sW∂pw Icp-X-s∏-Sp-

∂p''- (ss_-_nƒ \qd-dm-≠p-I-fn-eqsS. ]pdw 8).

thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-sf-sb√mw icnsh°p-Ibpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂ Jp¿-B≥ ]t£,- X∂n-jvS-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v hnip≤ thZ-

ß-fn¬ ssIIn-b-Iƒ \S-Ønb ]utcm-ln-XysØ AXn-i-‡-ambn

A]-e-]n-°p-∂p≠v. apºv Ah-X-cn-∏n® thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-sf√mw XncpØ-

s∏-Sp-Itbm ad®psh-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm amd-d-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNbvX-t∏m-

gmWv ssZhw Xº-p-cm≥ Ah-km-\sØ thZ-K-Ÿ-amb J¿-B≥

Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv. ]ptcm-ln-X≥am¿ ad-®p-sh® ssZhn-I-\n-b-a-ßƒ

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Ah¿ ]bm-k-]q¿W-am-°nb aX-\n-b-a-ßƒ

eLq-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠mWv AXv Ah-Xo¿W-am-b-Xv.

apºp≈ thZ-K-Ÿ-ßsf apgp-h≥ ImØp-c-£n-°p-∂-XmWv Jp¿-

B≥ F∂mWv AXv kzbw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. am-\-p-jn-I- Ic-

hn-cp-Xp-I-fm¬ hnI-e-am-°-s∏´ thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fnse bYm¿∞ ssZhn-

I-hn-[n-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-Ibpw a\p-jy-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Ahsb

th¿Xn-cn®v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-cn-Ibpw sNøp∂ Jp¿-B≥ kXy-Øn¬

thZ-K-Ÿ-ßsf Ah-bpsS Bi-b-X-e-Øn¬ kwc-£n-°p-I-bmWv

sNøp-∂Xv. C°mcyw Jp¿-B≥ Xs∂ hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv ImWp-I.

""(-\-_n-tb), \n\-°nXm kXy-]-Imcw thZ-KŸw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p- X∂n-

cn-°p∂p. AXns‚ apºn-ep≈ thZ-K-Ÿ-ßsf icn-sh-°p-∂Xpw

Ahsb ImØp-c-£n-°p-∂-Xp-asX AXv. AXn-\m¬ \o Ah¿°n-

S-bn¬ \mw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-X-\p-k-cn®v hn[n I¬]n-°p-I. X\n°v h∂p-

In- nb kXysØ hn´v \o Ah-cpsS X∂n-jvS-ßsf ]n≥]-ddnt∏mI-

cp-Xv''- (Jp¿-B≥ 5:-48).

""th-Z-°m-tc, thZ-K-Ÿ-Øn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ ad-®p-sh-®p-sIm≠n-

cp∂ ]eXpw \nßƒ°v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-∂p-sIm≠v \ΩpsS ZqX≥

\nßƒ°-SpØv h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. ]eXpw At±lw am∏m-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p.-\n-ßƒ°nXm A√m-lp-hn-¶¬ \n∂v Hcp ]Im-ihpw

hy‡-amb Hcp KŸhpw h∂n-cn-°p-∂p''- (Jp¿-B≥ 5:-15).-

ssII-S-Ø-ep-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-amb addp thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ \n∂v

Jp¿-B-\ns\ hyXn-cn-‡-am-°p∂sXs¥m-s°-bm-Wv-?-.- AXns‚ khn-

ti-j-X-I-sf-s¥m-s°-bmW?-.- AXp-am-X-amWv e£-W-samØ thZ-

K-Ÿ-sa∂v Fßs\ ]d-bm-\m-Ipw?-.- \mw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.

Ah-Imi hmZw

BZyw Bń-S-b\pw ]ns∂ I®-h-S-°m-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Hcp a\pjy

\mbn-cp∂p apl-ΩZv (k). P\n-°p-∂-Xn\v aptº ]nXmhpw Ggv hb-

p-≈-t∏mƒ amXmhpw ac-W-s∏´ At±lw XnI®pw A\m-Y-\m-bmWv

Xs‚ _mey-Ime PohnXw apt∂m´p- \bn-®Xv. kXy-k-‘-Xbv-°v

Xs‚ sNdp∏w apX¬t° ]kn-≤-\m-bn-cp∂p apl-ΩZv (k). At±-

l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Ft∏m-sg-¶nepw Hcp Ifhv ]d-™-Xmtbm

h©\ \S-Øn-b-Xm-tbm Bcpw Btcm-]n-®n-ń√. \m¬]Xv hb p-

hsc At±lw bmsXmcp kmln-Xym-`-n-cp-Nnbpw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-ń-√. \nc-

£-c-\mb At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂v GsX-¶nepw hn[-Øn-ep≈ Hcp kmln-

Xy-krjvSnbp≠m-bn- p-an-√.

apl-Ω-Zn\v (k) \m¬]Xv hb- p-≈-t∏m-gmWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥

Ah-X-cn-°s∏-Sm-\m-cw-`-n-®Xv. Ad-_n- km-ln-Xy-Øn\v A∂p- hsc

A⁄m-X-am-bn-cp∂ AXn-kp-µ-c-amb ssien-bmWv Jp¿-B-\n-t‚-

Xv. KZyhpw ]Zy-hp-a-√mØ hnkva-bm-h-l-amb ssien. Jp¿-B-\ns‚

D≈-S-°-am-Is´ AXnhnim-ehpw Kl-\-hp-am-Wv. \nb-a-K-Ÿ-ßƒ

I≠n-ń-√mØ apl-Ω-Zn-eqsS (k) temIw ihn® Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-

ß-fn¬ AXp-e-y-amb \nb-a-\n¿tZ-i-ß-fp≠v . apl-ΩZv (k) NcnXw

]Tn-°p-Itbm ap≥Ime thZ-ßƒ ]mcm-bWw sNøp-Itbm sNbvXn-

ń-√. F∂m¬ Jp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡hpw kv]jvS-hp-amb Ncn-Xm-Jym-

\-ßfpw [m¿anI kwln-X-Ifpw ]IrXn hnh-c-W-ß-fp-sa-√m-ap≠v.

Cu hnh-c-W-ß-fn-sem∂pw bmsXm-cp-hn[ A_-≤-ßtfm sshcp-

≤y-ßtfm C√-Xm-\pw. F√m-hn[ hn⁄m-\o-b-ß-fnepw AKm-[-amb

Adn-hp-≈-h\v amXta AXv cNn-°m-\m-Iq F∂ hkvXpX Jp¿-B-

\n-eqsS ItÆm-Sn-°p∂ B¿°pw kpXcmw hy‡-am-Ipw.

Hcp KŸ-Øns‚ I¿Øm-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Adn-bpI ][m-\-ambpw

B KŸ-Øn-\-IØp\n∂v Xs∂bmWv. H∂m-a-Xmbn KŸ-I¿Øm-

hns‚ t]cv KŸ-Øn-se-hn-S-sb-¶nepw ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏- n- p-t≠m-sb-

∂mWv C°mcyw At\z-jn-°p∂ hy‡n ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I. ssZhn-

IKŸ-sa∂v ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØs∏Sp∂ Ip-td-b-[n-Iw- ]pkvX-I-ßƒ

14 15


C∂v \ne-\n¬°p-∂p≠v. Cu KŸ-ß-fn-te-sX-¶n-ep-sam∂v kzbw

ssZhn--I-sa∂ Ah-Im-i-hmZw D∂-bn-°p-∂p-t≠m-sb-∂ tNmZyw

]k-‡-am-Wv. KŸ-ß-fpsS A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ Ah ssZhn-I-am-sW∂v

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm-dp-s≠-∂Xv icn Xs∂. F∂m¬ Cßs\ Ah-Im-

i-hm-Z-ap-∂-bn-°-s∏-Sm-dp≈ KŸ-ß-fn-sem∂pw Ah ssZhn-I-am-sW-

∂p≈ ]-Jym-]-\w- ImWm-dn-√. C∂v \ne-\n¬°p∂ thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-

fn¬ an°-Xnepw Ah a\p-jy-cpsS cN-\-bm-sW∂v ]Xy-£tam ]tcm-

£tam Bbn ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. Npcp-°-Øn¬ Jp¿-B-\-

√mØ thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fn-sem∂pw X-s∂- Ah ssZhw Xºp-cm≥ Ah-

X-cn-∏n-®-Xm-sW∂ Ah-Im-i-hmZw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂n-√.

Jp¿-B-\ns‚ ÿnXn CXn¬ \n∂pw XnI®pw hyXy-kvX-am-Wv.

AXns‚ hN-\-ßƒ°n-S-bn-se√mw Xs∂ AXns‚ cN-bn-Xm-hn

s\°pdn® ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ ImWm≥ Ignbpw. kzbw ssZhn-I-sa∂v

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ GI KŸw Jp¿-B-\m-sW-∂¿Yw. AXns‚ D≈-

S-°hpw BibKmw`o-cyhpw cN-\m-co-Xn-bp-sa√mw AXns‚ Ah-

Im-i-hmZØns‚ kXy-X°v km£yw hln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Jp¿-

B≥ ssZhn-I-am-sW∂v kzbw ]Jym-]n-°p∂ GXm\pw hN-\-ßƒ

ImWp-I.

""Xo¿®-bmbpw CXv (Jp¿-B≥) temI-c-£n-Xmhv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv

Xs∂-bm-Ip-∂p''- (Jp¿-B≥ 26:-191).-

""Cu KŸ-Øns‚ Ah-X-cWw k¿∆ temI-c-£n-Xm-hn-¶¬

\n∂m-Ip-∂p. CXn¬ bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an-√''-(Jp¿-B≥ 32:-2).

""]-Xm-]nbpw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-bn- p-≈-h≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-XsX

CXv (Jp¿-B≥)''- (Jp¿-B≥ 36:-5).

kwc-£Ww

thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-sf√mw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv k¿∆ temI-c-£n-Xm-hmb

Xºp-cm≥ Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂ thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fn-se√mw

hniz-kn-t°-≠Xv Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS _m[y-X-bm-sW-∂mWv

Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. ""-]-d-bp-I, A√m-lp-hnepw Rßƒ°v Ah

X-cn-°-s∏- -Xnepw C_vdm-low, Ckvam-Cu¬, CkvlmJv, bAvJq_v,

bAvJq_v k¥-Xn-Iƒ F∂n-h¿°v Ah-X-cn-°-s∏- -Xnepw aqkm°pw

Cukm°pw addp ]hm-N-I≥am¿°pw Xß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬

\n∂v \¬I--s∏´Xnepw Rßƒ hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn-em¿°n-

S-bnepw Rßƒ hnth-N\w I¬]n-°p-∂n√. Rßƒ A√m-lp-hn\v

Iogvs]-´-h-cm-Ip-∂p'' -(Jp¿-B≥ 3:-84).

tamsi°v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ XudØpw Zmho-Zn\v \¬I--s∏´

k_qdpw tbip-hn\v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ C©oepw ssZhn-I KŸ-

ß-fm-sW∂pw Ah-bn¬ am¿K- Z¿i-\-ap-s≠-∂p-ap≈ hkvXpX Jp¿-

B≥ ]e-X-hW hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.

""Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw Xs∂-bmWv XudmØv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-

∂Xv. AXn¬ am¿K Z¿i\hpw ]Im-ihp-ap-≠v'-'- (Jp¿-B≥ 5:-44)-.-

""Zmhq-Zn\v \mw k_q¿ F∂ thZw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-

∂p''- (Jp¿-B≥ 17.55).

""k≥am¿K \n¿tZ-ihpw kXy-]-Im-ihp-a-S-ßnb C©oepw \mw

At±-l-Øn\v (Cu-km-°v) \¬In''- (Jp¿-B≥ 5:-46).

F∂m¬ Cu thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fn-te-sX-¶nepw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ cq]-

Øn¬ C∂v \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-t≠m?- Cs√-∂v ss__nƒ ]fi-n-X≥am-

sc√mw kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p.

tamsi°v ssZhw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xmbn ]d-bp∂ tXmd-bpsS

ÿnXn ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I. aqkm°v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ Xudm-Øn-s\-

°p-dn®v Jp¿B≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv \mw I≠p-h-t√m. ssZhw tamsi°v

\¬Inb \nba ]pkvX-I-amWv tXmd-sb∂ hkvXpX ss__nfpw

kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p-≠v.

""I¿Ømhv tamsi-tbmSv I¬]n® \nb-a-Ønse (tXm-d) N´w

CXm-Wv.''- (-kw-Jy 31:-21)

""-tbm¿Zms‚ adp-I-c-bn¬ tamhm_v tZiØv sh®v tamsi Cu

\nbaw (tXm-d) hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn''- (-B-h¿Ø-\w1:-5).-

ss__nƒ ]gb \nb-a-Ønse BZysØ A©v ]pkvX-I-ß-

fmWv tamsi-bpsS \ymb-]-am-W-ambn Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. D¬]Øn,

]pd-∏mSv, kwJy, tehy, Bh¿Ø\w F∂o ]©-]p-kvX-I-ßƒ

tamsi°v ssZhw Ah-X-cn-∏n® KŸ-ß-fm-sW∂v ]d-bm≥

InkvXy≥ ^≠-sa‚-en-kvd-dp-Iƒ t]mepw k∂-≤-am-Im-dn√.

tamsi°v Zim-_vZ-ßƒ°v tijw cNn-°-s∏-´-XmWv ]©-]p-kvX-

16 17


I-ß-fnse ]e `mK-ß-fp-sa∂ hkvXpX ]kvXpX ]pkvX-I-ßƒ

Hcm-h¿Øn hmbn-®m¬ B¿°pw t_m[y-s∏Spw. tamsi-bpsS acW

-sØbpw ih-Ip-So-c-sØ-bp-sa√mw Ipdn®v ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ -mK-ßƒ

]©-]p-kvX-I-ß-fn-ep-≠v. Bh¿Ø\ ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Ah-km\

`-mK-Øp≈ Nne ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ t\m°p-I:-

""Aßs\ btlm-h-bpsS Zmk-\mb tamsi btlm-h-bpsS

hN\ ]Imcw Ahn-sS tamhm_v tZiØpsh®v acn-®p. Ah¿-

Ahs\ tamhm_v tZiØv t_Xvs]-tbm-dn -s\-Xn -sc -bp≈

Xmgvhcbn¬ AS-°n. F¶nepw C∂p-h-scbpw Ahs‚ ih-°p-gn-

bpsS ÿew Bcp-a-dn-bp-∂n-√. tamsi acn°p-tºmƒ Ah\v \qd-dn-

bn-cp-]Xv hb- m-bn-cp-∂p.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tamsi-sb-

t∏mse Hcp ]hm-N-I≥ Ckvdm-tb-en¬ ]ns∂-bp-≠m-bn-´n-√''- (-B-

h¿Ø-\w 34:-5-˛12).

tamsi°v ssZhw Ah-X-cn-∏n® tXmdm ]pkvXIw C∂p≈ ]©-

]p-kvX-I-a-s√∂pw CXn-s\-°mƒ sNdnb Hcp KŸ-am-bn-cp∂p F∂p-

ap≈ hkvXpX ss__nƒ ]WvUn-X≥am¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p≠v.

dh.- F.-kn.-s¢-bn-d-d¨ Fgp-Xp-∂Xv ImWp-I:- ""-]-g-b- \n-b-a-Øn¬

BZysØ A©v ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂ ]am-W-ßsf

\mw ]cym-tem-Nn-®m¬ ]pcm-X\ P\-ßƒ°v \¬Is∏-´n-cn-°p∂

\ymb-]-amWw Hcp sNdnb KŸ-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v a\-

n-em-Ipw'' -(-d-h.-F-.kn.s¢bn-d-d¨, ss__nƒ \nL-≠p. ]pdw 244).

""-b-tlm-hsb amXw Bcm-[n-°-W-sa∂v tamsi P\-ß-tfmSv

D]-tZ-in-®-tXmSp- IqSn Ah¿ Ahs\ Bcm-[n-t°≠ apdbpw D]-

tZ-in-®p. ]pd-∏mSv, tehy- ]p-kvXIw, Bh¿Ø\ ]pkvXIw F∂o

KŸ-ß-fn¬ ]d-b-s∏- n-cn-°p∂ \ymb-]-am-W-ß-fn¬ tamsi Fgp-

Xn-bXv Ipd-t®-bp-≈p-sh∂v ]d-bm-sa-¶nepw F_m-b¿ ssIsIm≠

\ymb-]-am-W-Øn\v tamsi Fgp-Xnb ]am-W-ßƒ B[m-c-am-bn-cp-

∂p-sh-∂p-≈Xv \n w-i-b-am-W-v''- -(-Ibid ]p-dw 408).

""C-]-Imcw \ymbw hn[n-°p∂ hnjb-Øn¬ btlm-h-bpsS

CjvSw And-™-h¿ ]d™ Xocp-am-\-Øn\pw hnip≤ ÿe-Øn¬

tamsi Kln® Xocp-am-\-ßƒ°pw IqSn \ymb-]-amWw F∂¿Y-

ap≈ (tXm-dm) F∂p t]cp ]d™p h∂p. hninjym-, kn\mbv ae-

bn¬ btlm-h-tbmSv tamsi t\cn´v a\- n-em-°nb ]am-W-ßsf

Ipdn-°p-∂-Xn\v Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®p.. .. . . . . . . . . . . . ]n¬Im-

eØv Cu I¿W-]-cºc-amb ]am-W-ß-sf√mw Fgp-Øn-em-b-t∏mƒ

Cu ]am-W-ßƒ AS-ßn-bn- p≈ ]gb \nb-a-Ønse BZy`mK-amb

A©v ]pkvX-I-ßƒ°qSn (tXmdm) AYhm \ymb-]-amWw F∂p

t]cp ]d™p XpS-ßn''-- (-]pdw.244).

tamsi ]hm-N-I\v ssZhw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xmbn ss__nfpw Jp¿-

B\pw ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ \nb-a-]p-kvX-I-Øns‚ ]e `-mK-ßfpw

C∂p≈ ]©-]p-kvX-I-ß-fn¬ Ds≠-¶nepw tXmd-bn-en-√mØ ]eXpw

Cu ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ Ds≠∂ hkvXpX CXn¬ \n∂v kpXcmw

hy‡-am-W-t√m.

Zmho-Zn-t‚-Xmbn And-b-s∏-Sp∂ k¶o¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS ÿnXnbpw

XssY-h. ZmhqZv \_n°v k_q--sd∂ thZw \¬In-b-Xmbn Jp¿-

B\pw ss__n-fnse Nne ]cm-a¿i-ßfpw hy‡-am-°p-∂p≠v.

F∂m¬ ss__nƒ ]gb \nba-Øn-ep≈ k¶o¿Ø\ ]pkvXI

Ønse ]e A[ym-b-ßfpw ZmhoZv cNn-®-X-s√∂v Ah-bpsS Xes°-

´p-Iƒ Xs∂ hy‡-am-°p-∂p≠v. ZmhoZv Fgp-Xn-b-sX∂v Xe hmNI-

ap≈ ap∏-Øn-b©v k¶o¿Ø-\-ßƒ Xs∂ At±lw cNn-®-Xm-sW

∂v JWvUn-X-ambn ]d-bm-\m-hn-s√-∂mWv ]WvUn-X≥am-cpsS A`-n-

]mbw (d-h:-F.-kn.-s¢-bn-d-d¨:- ss__nƒ \nL-≠p, ]pdw 604, 605).

]ptcm-ln-X≥amcpw tZhm-eb Kmb-I-cp-am-bn-cn-°Ww k¶o¿Ø-

\-ß-fpsS I¿Øm-°-sf∂mWv ss__nƒ hn⁄m-\-tImiw ]d-bp-

∂-Xv (tUm-:- am-Xyp- sh-≈m-\n-°¬- (No^v- F-Un)-:- ss_-_nƒ- hn-

⁄m-\- tIm-iw-.- ]pdw 906).

Cukm \_n°v Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xmbn Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂ C©o

ens‚ ÿXn CXn-s\-°mƒ IjvS-am-Wv. Hcp-]mSv ssII-S-Ø-epIƒ°v

hnt[-b-am-b-h-bm-sW-¶nepw tamsi-bpsS tXmdm-bp-sSbpw Zmho-Zns‚

k¶o¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw t]cn¬ Nne KŸ-ßƒ C∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-

∂p≠v. F∂m¬ tbip-hn\v Ah-X-cn-°-s∏´ KŸw t]cn\v t]mepw

C∂v D]-e-_v[-a-√. tbip X\n°v Ah-X-cn-°-s∏´ "ssZ-h-Øns‚

kphn-ti-jw'- ]kw-Kn-®p-sIm-≠mWv Xs‚ kap-Zm-bsØ kXy-am¿K-

Øn-te°v £Wn-®-sX∂v ss__nƒ ]pXnb \nbaw hy‡-am-°p-

18 19


∂p≠v. GXm\pw hN-\-ßƒ ImWp-I.

""tbm-l-∂m≥ _‘-\-ÿ-\mb tijw tbip ssZ-h-Øn-s‚-

kphn-tijw ]kw-Kn®psIm≠v Keo-en-bn-te°v h∂p. Ah≥

]d™p. Imew XnI™p. ssZh-cmPyw kao-]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. A\p-X-

]n-°q. kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°q'' -(-a¿t°mkv 1:- 14˛15).

""B-Zyta Xs∂ kphn-tijw F√m P\-X-I-tfmSpw ]kw-Kn-°-

s∏-S-Ww''- (-a¿t°m-kv. 13:-10).

""-F-\n°v th≠nbpw kphn-ti-j-Øn\v th≠nbpw hoSn-s\tbm

ktlm-Z-c≥am-sctbm ktlm-Z-cn-am-sctbm AΩ-sbtbm A—-

s\tbm a°-sftbm hb-ep-I-sftbm Dt]-£n® Hcmƒ°v Ct∏mƒ,

C°m-e-Øp-X-s∂, \qdp aSßv ]Xn-^ew e`n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn-√''--

(a¿t°mkv 10:-29).-

CXn¬ \n∂v tbiphn\v Ah-X-cn-°-s∏´ KŸ-Øns‚ t]cmWv

"kphn-tijw'- F∂v hy‡-am-Ip-∂p≠v. C©o-¬ F∂ Ad_n ]Z-

Øn-∂¿∞w kphn-tijw F∂m-Wv. tbip-hn\v Ah-X-cn-°-s∏´

ssZh-Øns‚ kphn-ti-j-sØ-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ C©o¬ F∂p hnfn-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu kphn-tijtam AXns‚ t]cn-ep≈ GsX-¶nepw

Hcp KŸtam C∂v \ne-\n¬°p-∂n-√. ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønse KŸ-

ß-sf√mw tbip-hn\v tijw ]Xn-d-dm≠pIƒ Ign™v cNn-°-s∏-´-

h-bm-Wv. B[p-\nI ss__nƒ ]WvUn-X≥am-cn¬ ]ap-J-\mb

sdbva≠v C.-_u¨ Fgp-Xp-∂Xv ImWp-I. ""F¥mWv kphn-ti-j-

ßƒ F∂ tNmZy-Øn-\p≈ kºq¿W adp-]-Sn-bmbn Ahn-SpsØ

hm°p-Iƒ, sNbvXn-Iƒ, ]o-Um-\p- -hw, ac-Ww, Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬]v

F∂nh Dƒs∏sS tbip-hns\ ]ddn ]Nm-c-Øn-en-cp∂ ]mc-ºcyw

Bd-dn-°p-dp-°n-sb-SpØ kØm-Wh F∂v Rm≥ ]dbpw. Cu kØv

kwL-Sn-∏n-®Xpw AXns‚ cq] mh-ßƒ FUn-ddp sNbvXXpw H∂mw

\qd-dm-≠ns‚ Ah-km-\sØ aq∂p- Zi-I-ß-fn¬ Pohn® kphn-ti-

j-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Xm≥ ap∂n¬ I≠ ssIkvXh hmb-\-°m-cpsS

B[ym-fln-Im-h-iy-ßsf Xr]vXns∏Sp-ØpI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-

l-Øns‚ e£yw''- (Responses to 101 Questions on the Bible, Page.57,58).

]p-Xnb \nba ]pkvX-I-ßƒ cNn-®-h¿°v Xß-fpsS Xe-ap-d°v

tbip-hns\ kw_-‘n® Adnhv \¬IpI amX-am-bn-cp∂p e£y-

sa∂pw Xßƒ Hcp thZ-KŸw cNn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v Ah-cmcpw Hcn-

°epw Icp-Xn-bn-cp-∂n-√-sb∂pw ]WvUn-X≥am¿ hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.

""-]p-Xnb \nba ]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS I¿Øm-I-fmcpw Xs∂ Ah¿ BZy-

Ime InkvXob Pohn-X-Øn\v \¬Inb kw`m-h-\-bmbn cNn®

]pkvX-I-ßƒ Hcp KŸ tiJ-c-Øns‚ `mK-am-Ip-sat∂m F√m-bn-

SØpw F√m ka-b-Øp≈ ssIkvX-h¿°v AwKo-Ir-X-am-Ip-sat∂m

hnNm-cn®psIm≠√ Ah-sbm∂pw cNn-®-Xv. Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Nne

]tXyI A\p-hm-N-I¿°v th≠n Nne ]tXyI Ah-k-c-ßƒ a\-

n¬ I≠psIm≠v Fgp-Xn-b-Xm-Wh. Cu A¿∞-Øn¬ ]pXnb

\nba tcJ-Iƒ B kµ¿`-Ønse kmln-Xy-ß-fm-Wv''- (Harper’sBible Dictionary, Page 700).

ssl-µ-h th-Z-ß-fp-sS- ÿn-Xn-bpw- a-dn-®-√.- ssl-µ-h- K-Ÿ-ß-

fn¬- G-‰-hpw- ]m-am-Wn-I-am-bn- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- N-Xp¿-th-Z- k-w-ln-

X-Ifm-Wv.- E-tKzZw-,- km-a-th-Zw,- b-Pp¿-th-Zw,- A-Y¿-h- th-Zw- F-∂n-

h-bm-Wv th-Z-ßƒ.- "A-\m-te-Jy- k-c-kz-Xn'-í - A-Y-hm- F-gp-X-s∏-Sm-

Ø- hn-Zy-sb-∂p- hn-fn-°-s∏-´n-cp-∂- th-Z-ß-fn¬- At\-Iw- a-¥-ß-fp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- A-h-bn¬- ]-e-Xpw- \-„-s∏-´p-t]-m-bn-´p-≠v-.- k-Xy-hr-X-

]-t´¬- F-gp-Xp-∂p:- ln-µ-p-a-X-Øn-s‚- ]m-Y-an-I- tkm-X- v- th-Z-amWv.-

F√m- hn- m-Kß-fpw- th-Z-tØm-Sv- Iq-dp- ]p-e¿-Øp-I-bpw- A-Xn-s‚- B[n-

Im-cn-I-X- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.- Nn-e- th-Z-hm-Iy-ßƒ- \-„-

s∏-´p-t∏-m-bn-´p-s≠-¶n-epw- C-t∏mƒ- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-h X-s∂- At\-I-

am-Wv- (Satyavarta Patel: Hinduism: Religion and way of life, Page 5.).

th-Z-Øn-se- F-√m-a-¥ß-fpw- C-∂v- e-`-y-a-s√¶-n-epw- D-≈- a¥-

ßƒ- Xs∂-bm-Wv- th-Z-sa-∂v- hym-J-ym-\n-®v- kw-Xr-]v-Xm-hp-I-bm-Wv-

ssl-µ-h- ]-fin-X-∑m¿-.- km-[p-io-e≥- sI.- ]-c-ta-izc≥- ]n-≈- F-gp-

Xp-∂p:- "A-kw-J-y-ssh-th-Zmx- A-\m-Zn--'- th-Zw- A-k-w-Jyw- a-¥ß-tfm-

S-v- Iq-S-n-b-p-≈-Xm-Wv-.- C-t∏mƒ- D]-e-œam-b- a-¥k-aq-l-ßƒ- ]-cn-an-X-

am-sW-¶n-epw-,- A-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv- th-Zw- (km-[p-io-e≥- sI.- ]-c-ta-izc≥-

]n≈:-ln-µp- [¿-Ω- ]-cn-N-bw-,- t]-Pv- 164)-.-

th-Zw- ]-e- ]m-h-iy-ß-fn-em-bn- \-„-s∏- -Xm-bpw- E-jn-am-cn¬- ]e-

cpw- A-Xn-s\- ho-s≠-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-am-bn- p-≈- A-t\-Iw- ]-kv-Xm-h-\-Iƒ-

Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw-.- hm¬-ao-I-n- cm-am-b-W-Øn¬- l-\p-am≥- ]-d-bp-∂-

20 21


Xm-bn- D-≤-cn-°p-∂p:- "\-„-s∏- p-t]m-b- th-Z-sØ- ho-s≠-Sp-Øv- sIm≠p-

h-∂-Xv- t]m-se- Rm≥- ko-X-sb- sIm-≠-p-h-cmw'-- (X-m-alw B-\bn-

jym-an- \-„w- th-Zm-ip-X-n- an-h)- (hm¬-ao-In- cm-am-b-Ww-:- In-jv-In-\v-

[m-Im-fiw- 6˛5)-.- hn-jv-Wp- ]-d-bp-∂-Xm-bn- a-lm- m-c-Xw- D-≤-cn-°p-∂p:-

""th-Z- i-p-Xn- \-j-v-S-s∏-´-t∏-mƒ- Rm-\-h--- sb- ho-s≠-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p- h-

∂-p.- A-h-sb- _m-“-W-ß-fpw- a-¥-ß-fp-w- sIm-≠v- ]q¿-W-am-°n-.- CXv-

]-≠v- Ir-X-bp-K-Øn-epw- Rm≥- sN-bv-X-Xm-Wv-''- (b-Zm- th-Z- i-p-Xn¿-\-

jv-S-am-bm- ]-Xym-lr-Xm- ]p-\x-k-th-Zmx- k-ip-Xn- Im-gv-N- Ir-Xmx-]q¿∆w-

Ir-tX-bp-tK)- (a-lm- m-c-Xw-:- im-¥-n- ]¿-∆w- 348˛56.)-.- C-ß-s\- ]-e- ]pcm-

W-ß-fn-epw- C-Xn-lm-k-ß-fn-ep-sa-√mw- th-Zw- \-„-s∏-´-Xm-bpw A-Xp-

ho-s≠--Sp-Ø-Xm-bp-ap-≈- ]-cm-a¿-i-ßƒ -Im-Wmw-.- A-\m-te-Jy- k-c-

kz-Xn- A-Y-hm- F-g-p-X-s∏-Sm-Ø- hn-Zy-bm-bn-cp-∂p th-Zw-- F-ßs\-bmWv-

\-„-s∏-´-sX-∂v- a-\- n-em-Ip-∂-n-√.- t£-a-Øn-s‚-bpw- £m-a-Øn-s‚-

bpw- A-Xyp-®m-h-ÿ-I-fn¬- ⁄m-\-k-w-c-£-W-Ø-n-\v- km-[-y-am-Im-sX-

h-∂-Xp-sIm-≠-m-bn-cn-°-Ww th-Z-\-„w- k-w-`-hn-®-Xv- F-∂m-Wv- ]-e- ]

fin-X-∑m-cpw- hy-m-Jy-m-\n-°p-∂-Xv.- a-\- n¬- \n-∂v- a-\- p-I-fn-te-°v-

]-I¿-∂v- sIm-SpØn-cn-°p-∂- h-n-Zy- F-ßs\-bm-Wv- \-„-s∏-Sp-I-?- thZw-

B-Z-y-Im-e-Øp-X-s∂- en-Jn-X- cq-]-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- Cu -\-„-

s∏-S-en-\v- A¿-Y-ap-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.- ]u-cm-Wn-I-am-b- ]-e- ]p-kv-X-I-

ß-fpw- \-jv-S-s∏- -Xn-\v- C-∂v- sX-fn-hp-I-fp-≠-t√m.- C-ß-s\- ]-e- ]m-h-

iyw- \-jv-S-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- ho-s≠-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- th-Zß -fn¬-

bm-sXm-cp- am-‰-hpw- h-∂n-ń-s√-∂v- k-v-]-jv-S --am-bn- ]-d-bm≥- sX-fn-hp-I-

sf-hn-sS-? "-k-l-km-_v-Z-ßƒ-°v- ti-j-hpw- th-Z-ß-fn¬- hy-Xym-k-

sa-m-∂pw- h-∂n-ń-√'-- (\-tc-µ- `q-j≥-:- ssh-Zn-I- km-ln-Xy- N-cn-Xw,- ]p-

dw-- 38)- F-∂- ]-k-v-Xm-h-\-°v- h-kv-Xp-\n-jv-T-am-b- sX-f-hp-I-fp-sS- ]n≥-

_-e-an-s√-∂¿-Y-w.-

th-Z-ßƒ-°v- ]m-T-t`-Z-ßtfm- am-‰-Øn-cp-Ø-ep-I-tfm- D-≠-m-bn-ń-

s√-∂- hm-Z-hp-w- A-Sn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-Wv.- th-Zß-ƒ-°v- A-]-am-Zn-Xz-a-

h-Im-i-s∏-Sm-sa-∂v- ÿm-]n-°m≥- th-≠n- ]p-kv-X-I-sa-gp-Xn-b- \-tc-µ

`q-j≥- X-s∂- A-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- Nn-e- h-m-Z-ßƒ- ÿm-]n-°m≥- th≠n-

-th-Z-ß-fn¬- am-‰-Øn-cp-Ø-ep-Ifp-≠-bn-´p-s≠-∂v- k-Ω-Xn-°p-∂p-≠vv-.-

"I-ta-W- ]m-Tm-¥-c-ß-fpw- im-J-I-fpw- \n-e-hn¬- h-c-n-I-bpw- tem-]n-

°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- Nn-e¿- _m-lv-aW-ßsfbpw- thZØn¬- Cƒ-s∏Sp

Øn.- Cßs\ kw-ln-Xbpw- _m-lv-aWßfpsa√mw- Iq-Sn-°p-g-™-

t∏mƒ- h-y-m-k≥- A-h-sb- ]p-\¿-\n¿-W-bw- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°mw.- A-ß-s\-

bm-hmw- hym-k≥- th-Zw- ]-Ip-sØ-∂- I-Y- \n-e-hn¬- h-cp-∂-Xv'-- (AtX-

]p-kv-X-Iw- ]p-dw- 51) "-Ch-bn¬- \n-∂v- \-ap-°v- A-\p-am-\n-°m-hp-∂-Xv-

kw-ln-X-I-fpw- _-m-lv-a-W-ß-fpw- Iq-Sn°-p-g-™v- A- ¬ th-Zta-Xv-

]-h-N-\-ta-Xv- im-J-tb-Xv- F-∂v- Xn-cn-®-dn-bm-\m-h-sX- h-∂- H-cp I-m-e--

L´-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂psh-∂m-Wv (A-tX- ]p-kv-X-Iw- ]p-dw- 53).-

-D-]-\n-j-Øp-Iƒ- cNn-°-s∏-´-Xn-\v-ti-jw- A-h-bn¬- Iq-ń-t®¿-°-

epIfpw- am-‰-Ø-n-cp-Ø-epIfp-w- \-S-∂n-cn-°m-\p-≈- km-[y-X-bpw- \ntj-

[n-°m-\m-hn-√.- A-ssZz-X-Nn-¥-°p-≈- ]-am-W-am-bn- D-≤-cn-°s∏Sm-dp-

≈- Om-tµm-tKy-m-]-\n-j-Øn-se k- B-flm- X-zw- A-kn- (B-flmhv- \o-

X-s∂-bm-Wv)- F-∂- ]-tbm-Kw- ]n-∂o-Sv- I-S-∂p-I-q-Sn-b-Xm-sW-∂pw- bYm

¿-YØn¬- k- B-flm- A- X-Øz-a-kn- (B-flm-hv- \o-b-√)- F-∂m-W-p

sf-f-sX-∂pw- ssZzXm-Nm-cy-\m-b- am[-z≥- - hm-Zn-®n-cn-∂p (sI.- Zm-tam-Z-

c≥-:- m-c-Xo-b- Nn-¥,- ]p-dw- -400).-- A-ssZz-Xm-Nm-cy-\m-b- io- i-¶-c-\mIs -

X-s‚- Z¿-i-\-Øns‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\- in-e-bm-bn- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv- _rl-

Zm-c-Wy-tIm-]-\n-j-Øn-se- A-lw- _-“m-kv-an- F-∂- h-N-\-hpw- Otµm-

Ky-Øn-se- X-Øz-a-kn- F-∂- hm-N-I-hp-am-Wv.--

Jp¿-B-\ns‚ ÿnXn CXn¬ \n∂v XnI-®pw hyXy-kvX-amWv.

AXv Ah-X-cn-°-s∏´ cq]-Øn¬ Xs∂ C∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. apl-

ΩZv \_n°v (k) \m¬]Xv hb- p-≈-t∏m-gmWv Jp¿-B-\ns‚ Ah-

X-c-W-am-cw-`-n-®Xv. A∂p-Xp-Sßn At±-l-Øns‚ hntbm-K-Øn-\n-Sbv-

°p≈ Ccp-]-Øn-aq∂v kwh¬k-c-ßƒ°p≈n¬ hyXy-kvX-amb

Ah-k-c-ß-fn-emWv Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-°-s∏-´-Xv. Cu

kq‡-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Xs∂ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mbn

\_n (k) GXm\pw A\p-N-c≥amsc ]tXy-I-ambn G¬]n-®n-cp∂p.

Hmtcm kq‡hpw Ah¿°v ]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-tºmƒ GXv A[ym-

b-Øn¬ FXm-asØ kq‡-am-bmWv AXv tcJ-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠Xv

F∂pw ]hm-N-I≥ (k) Ah¿°v \n¿tZiw \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. A°m-

eØv Fgp-Xm-\p-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ ]\-tbme, F√p-Iƒ, tXmev, ac-∏-

e-I, an\p-k-ap≈ I√p-Iƒ F∂n-h-bn-em-bn-cp∂p Ah¿ Jp¿-B≥

kq‡-ßƒ FgpXn sh®n-cp-∂-Xv. ]hm-N-Is‚ Pohn-X-Im-e-Øp-

Xs∂ A[ym-b-ßfpw hN-\-ß-fp-sa√mw C∂v \ne-hn-ep≈ coXn-

22 23


bn¬ ]mcm-bWw sNbvXp-sIm≠v hnip-≤-K-Ÿ-Øns‚ tImUo-I-

c-Whpw IqSn temIsØ Adn-bn-®p. ssZhn-I \n¿tZ-iß-fpsS ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn¬ Ah-km-\sØ thZ-K-Ÿ-Øns‚ tImUo-I-cWw IqSn

\n¿hln-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv A¥na ]hm-N-I≥ Cu temI-Øp-\n∂v hnS-

]-d-™Xv. Cu tImUo-I-cWw A√mlp Xs‚ _m[y-X-bmbn Gs‰-

Sp-Øn-´p-s≠∂v Jp¿B≥ Xs∂ ]Jym-]n-°p-∂p-≠v. "Xo¿®-bmbpw

AXns‚ (Jp¿-B-\ns‚) tImUo-I-c-Whpw AXv HmXn-Ø-cepw

\ΩpsS _m[y-X-bm-Ip-∂p'- (Jp¿-B≥ 75:-17).-

Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ßƒ A∂p\ne-hn-ep≈ coXn-bn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-

Øn-b-tXm-sSm-∏w- Xs∂ Ah Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Ia-Øn¬ a\x

]m-T-am-°nb ]hm-N-Im-\p-N-c≥am-cp-ap≠-mbn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ ]hm-

N-Is‚ Pohn-X-Im-eØv Jp¿-B≥ KŸ-cq-]-Øn¬ kam-l-cn-®n-cp-

∂n-√. At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-Xm¥yw hsc Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ßƒ Ah-

X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sm≥ km[y-X-bp-≈-t∏mƒ AØ-c-samcp kam-l-cWw

Akm-[y-am-bn-cp-∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw icn. F∂m¬ a\x-

]m-T-am-°nb A\p-N-c≥am-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ°-IØv AXv KŸ-cq-

]-Øn¬ Xs∂ tcJ-s∏-SpØs∏´n-cp-∂p.

]hm-N-I-hn-tbm-K-Øn\v tijw H∂mw Jeo-^-bmb A_q-_-

°-dns‚ (d) ImeØv aX-- -jvS-cp-ambn bam-a-bn¬ sh®v \S∂ bp≤-

Øn¬ Jp¿-B≥ a\x-]m-T-am-°n-bn-cp∂ Iptd-tbsd al-Øp-°ƒ

c‡-km-£n-I-fmbn. At∏mƒ Da-dp-_v-\p¬ JXz-m-_ns‚ (d) \n¿tZ-

i-]-Imcw A_q-_-°¿ (d) Jp¿-B≥ tImUo-I-cn®v Hcp KŸ-cq-

]-Øn-em-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p. Jp¿-B≥ kq£va-ambn lrZn-ÿ-am-

°n-bn-cp∂ sskZp-_v-\p km_n-Øn-s\-bmWv Cu IrXyw At±lw

G¬]n-®-Xv. At±-lw G¬]n-°-s∏´ IrXyw `-wKn-bmbpw kq£va-

ambpw \n¿h-ln-®p. sskZv kam-l-cn®v Hcp KŸ-Øns‚ N´-°q-Sn-

em-°nb Jp¿B\ns‚ BZysØ tIm∏n A_q-_-°¿ (d) kq£n®p-

sh-®p.

Ckvemw \m\m-Zn-°p-I-fn-te°pw ]N-cn-®-t∏mƒ hyXy-kvX ]tZ-

i-ß-fnse ssieo-hy-Xym-k-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-

Øn¬ P\-ßƒ Nne kzc-t`-Zßƒ hcp-Øp-∂-Xmbn i≤n-°-s∏-´p.

CXv ]cn-l-cn-°m-\mbn aq∂mw Jeo-^-bm-bn-cp∂ Dkvam≥ (d) \mev

]ap-J≥amsc Jp¿-B≥ ]I¿∏p-I-fp-≠m-°m≥ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn.

A_q-_-°-dns‚ (d) ImeØv tImUo-I-cn-°-s∏´ Jp¿-B≥

tIm∏nsb Ah-ew-_-am°nbpw AXv sNbvX sskZp-_v-\p km_n-

Øns‚ ta¬t\m-´-Øn-ep-am-bn-cp∂p ]kvXpX tIm∏n-I-fpsS \n¿

amWw \S-∂-Xv. B tIm∏n-I-fnsem∂v Dkvam≥ (d) kq£n-°p-Ibpw

addp aqs∂Æw Iq^, _kz-d, imw F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-te°v Ab-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu ]Xn-I-fn-sem∂v XmjvI‚nse D-kv_Iv NcnX

ayqkn-b-Øn¬ C∂pw kq£n-®p-sh-®n-´p-≠v. ]kvXpX tIm∏n-bp-

ambn bmsXmcp hyXym-khpw C∂v D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Jp¿-B≥-

tIm∏n-I-fn-sem∂pw ImWp-hm≥ km[y-a-√.

Jp¿-B-\ns‚ BZy-Imew apX¬ Xs∂-bp≈ \ne-\n¬]v AXn¬

Fs¥-¶nepw coXn-bn-ep≈ ssII-S-Ø-ep-Iƒ h∂p- `-hn-°m-Xn-cn-

°m≥ ]tXyIw kwc-£-W-ap≈ coXn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p. addp thZ-K-

Ÿ-ßsf t]mse GXm\pw Nne hy‡n-I-fn¬ ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cp-∂n√

Jp¿-B-\ns‚ D]-tbm-Kw. apkvenw kaq-l-Øn¬ hym]-I-ambpw ]c-

ky-ambpw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n-cp∂ KŸ-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. Znt\-\-bp≈

A©v \a-kvIm-c-ß-fnepw cmXn \a-kvIm-c-Øn-ep-sa√mw Jp¿-B≥

Bh¿Øn®p]mcm-bWw sNø-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. BZy-Imew

apX¬ C∂p-h-sc-bp≈ ap-k-venw-I-sf√mw Xß-fpsS aX kmaqly

cwK-ß-fnse \nb-am-h-en-bmbn kzoI-cn-°p∂ KŸ-am-W-Xv. AXp-

sIm≠v Xs∂ AXn¬ Bsc-¶nepw h√ Xncp-Øp-Ifpw hcp-Øn-

bm¬ AXn-ioLw I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏-Spw. temI-Øns‚ hnhn[ `-mK-

ß-fn¬ Pohn-°p∂ Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v apkvenwIƒ AXv ]q¿W-

ambn lrZn-ÿ-am-°n-bn-´p≠v. Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn XpS¿∂p-h-cp-∂-XmWv

Cu lrZn-ÿ-am-°¬. Jp¿-B-\ns\ t]mse P\-Io-b-ambn lrZn-

ÿ-am-°-s∏´ asd-dmcp KŸ-hp-an-s√-∂-XmWv hkvXpX. AXp-sIm≠v

Xs∂ AXn¬ GsX-¶nepw hn[-Øn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw Iq´n-t®¿°-ep-

I-fp-≠m-Im≥ bmsXmcp km[y-X-bp-an-√.

amd-d-Øn-cp-Ø-ep-I-sfm∂pw IqSmsX temIm-h-km\w hsc Jp¿

B≥ ]q¿W-ambn kwc-£n-°m-sa∂v ssZhw Xºp-cm≥ Xs∂ a\p-

jy¿°v hmKvZm\w \¬In-bn-´p-≈-Xm-Wv. "Xn¿®bmbpw \mamWv B

D¬t_m-[\w Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw Xs∂ AXns\

ImØp-kq-£n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv'-(Jp¿B≥ 15:-9). CØ-c-samcp hmKvZm

\w asd-dmcp thZ-K-Ÿ-Øns‚ Imcy-Ønepw \¬In-b-Xmbn ImWm≥

24 25


Ign-bn-√. ]kvXpX hmKvZm\w ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏- -Xn\v Ign™ ]Xn-

\mev \qd-dm≠v ImesØ NcnXw km£n-bm-Wv. ssII-S-Ø-ep-Itfm

amd-d-Øn-cp-Ø-ep-Itfm \S-°msX Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ cq]-Øn¬

Xs∂ C∂pw \ne-\n¬°p∂ th-Z- KŸ-sa∂ JymXn Jp¿-B-\n\v

amXw Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-Xm-Wv.

sshcp-≤y-ßƒ

a\p-jy-Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ sshcp-≤y-ß-fp-≠m-IpI kzm`-m-hn-I-am-Wv.

Hcm-fpsS Xs∂ IrXn-Iƒ XΩn¬ sshcp-≤y-ß-fp-≠m-Im-dp-≠v. a\p-

jyhn⁄m-\-Øns‚ ]cn-an-Xn-bm-WnXv ImWn-°p-∂-Xv. Imew

apt∂m´v t]mIpwtXmdpw ]pXnb ]pXnb hn⁄m\ tkmX- p-Iƒ

a\p-jy≥ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Ahs‚

Adn-hns‚ NI-hmfw hnI-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv sIm≠m-Wn-Xv.

Fgp-Xp-∂Xv hyXykvX hy‡n-I-fm-sW-¶n¬ sshcp-≤y-ßƒ°p≈

km[yX h¿[n-°p-∂p. Htc hnj-b-Øn¬ Xs∂ hyXykvX hy‡n-

Iƒ°p≈ ImgvN∏-mSp-Iƒ hyXy-kvX-am-Ip-∂-XmWv CXn\v Imc-Ww.

a\p-jy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ°p≈ Cu ]cn-anXn Hcn-°epw ssZhn-IKŸ

Øn\v D≠m-bn-°qSm. Htc-sbmcp ssZh-Øns‚ ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ XΩn

¬ bmsXmcp hn[ sshcp-≤y-ß-fp-ap-≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. Ah≥ k¿h⁄-

\m-bXv sIm≠pXs∂ a\pjyhN-\-ß-fpsS ]cn-an-Xn-I-sfm∂pw ssZ

hn-I-h-N-\-Øn\v D≠m-Im≥ ]mSn-√. k¿hIm-e-⁄m-\n-bmb kjvSm

hv sshcp-≤y-ßƒ ]d-bp-I-tbm?- AsXm-cn-°-ep-ap-≠m-Ip-I-bn-√.

F∂m¬ thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fmbn C∂v hyh-l-cn-®p -t]m-cp∂ IrXn-

I-f[n-Ihpw sshcp-≤y-ß-fm¬ \n_n-V-am-Wv. Ah-bn¬ a\p-jy-cp

sS Ic-hn-cp-Xp-Iƒ \S-∂n-´p-s≠-∂-Xn\v hy‡-amb sXfn-hm-WnXv.

Htc kw -hw Xs∂ hyXykvX hy‡n-Iƒ hnh-cn-°p-tºmƒ sshcp

≤y-ß-fp-≠m-Ipw. thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fnse sshcp-≤y-ßƒ Cß-s\-bp-≈-

h-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ thZ-h-N-\-ßƒ ssZhn-I shfn-]m-Sp-I-fm-sW∂pw

Ah ssZh-\n-izm-kn-X-ambn Fgp-X-s∏-´-Xm-sW∂pw hniz-kn-°p-

tºmgmWv ]iv\-ßƒ Xe-s]m-°p-∂-Xv. ssZhn-I shfn-]m-Sn¬

sshcp-≤y-ß-fp-s≠∂v h∂m¬ AXv ssZh-Øns‚ k¿h-⁄X

tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-te-°mWv \bn-°-s∏-Sp-I. ssZh-

\n-izm-kn-X-ambn Fgp-X-s∏´ ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ sshcp-≤y-ß-fp-s≠∂v-

]d-bp-∂Xv ssZhw Nne hnj-b-ß-fn¬ Adn-hn-√m-Ø-h-\-msW∂v

]d-bp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-am-Wv. kjvSm-hmb ssZhw k¿h-⁄\pw k¿h

i‡-\p-am-Wv. Ahs‚ hN-\-ß-fn¬ sshcp-≤y-ap-≠m-Ip-I-bn√. ssZ

hn-I-h-N-\-ß-sf∂ t]cn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂ KŸ-ß-fn¬ sshcp-

≤y-ß-fp-s≠-¶n¬ Ah bYm¿Y-Øn¬ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-X√.-

Cu sshcp-≤y-ßƒ Xs∂bm-Wv- C-Xn-\p-≈- hy‡-amb sXfn-hv.

ss__n-fns‚ Imcyw Xs∂ FSp-°p-I. ]gb \nb-a-Ønepw

]pXnb \nb-a-Øn-ep-sa√mw H´-\h[n sshcp-≤y-ßƒ \ap°v

ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. Ckvdm-bo-ens‚ P\-kw-Jy-sb-Sp-°m≥ Zmho-Zns\

t]cn-∏n-®-Xv I¿Øm-hm-sW∂v 2 imap-th¬ 24:-1 Dw, kmØm-\m-

sW∂v 1 Zn\-hr-Øm¥w 21:-1 Dw ]d-bp-∂p. kndn-b-°m-cpsS Fgp-

∂qdv tXcm-fn-I-sfbpw \m¬]-Xn-\m-bncw IpXn-c-∏-S-bm-fn-I-sfbpamWv

ZmhoZv h[n-®-sX∂v 2 imap-th¬ 10:-18 ¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xn\v hncp-≤-ambn

Ggm-bncw tXcm-fn-I-sfbpw \m¬]-Xn-\m-bncw Imemƒ ]S-bm-fn-I-

sf-bp-amsW∂v 1 Zn\-hr-Øm¥w 19:-18 ¬ ]cm-a¿in-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

ImWmw. Al-kymhv `-cWw XpS-ßp-tºmƒ Abmƒ°v Ccp-]-Øn-

c≠v hb- m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v 2 cmPm-°≥am¿ 8:26 ]d-bp-tºmƒ \m¬]-

Øn-c≠v hb- m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv 2 Zn\-hr-Øm¥w 22:-2 ]d-bp-∂Xv.

]Xn-s\´mw hb- n-emWv btlm-bm-°o≥ cmPm-hm-b-sX∂v 2 cmPm-

°≥am¿ 24:-8 epw F´mw hb- n-em-sW∂v 2 Zn\-hr-Øm¥w 36:-9epw

]d-bp-∂p. tkmf-a\v IpXn-c-Isf sI´m≥ FX emb-ß-fp-≠m-bn-

cp∂p F∂ Imcy-Øn¬ hsc ]gb \nba ]pkvX-I-ßƒ X¿°-

Øn-em-Wv. \m¬]-Xn-\m-bncsa∂v 1 cmPm-°≥am¿ 4:-26 epw \mem-bn

c-sa∂v 2 Zn\-hr-Øm¥w 9:-25 epw ]d-bp-∂p. Cßs\ ]gb \nb-a

Ønse ]pkvX-I-ßƒ XΩn¬ FX-sbX sshcp-≤y-ßƒ !!!

]pXnb \nb-a-Øns‚ Ah-ÿbpw XssY-h. tbip-hns‚ hwim-

h-enbnepw PohnX hnh-c-W-ß-fnepw Ipcn-ip-a-cW IY-\-Øn-ep-sa

√mw \nc-h[n sshcp-≤y-ß-fp-≠v. tbip-hns‚ hwim-h-en-bn¬ aØm

bnbpsS kphn-ti-j- ]-Imcw ZmhoZv apX¬ tbip-hns‚ ]nXm-hmbn

Adn-b-s∏- n-cp∂ tbmk v hsc Ccp-]-Øn-tbgv t]cm-Wp-≈-sX-¶n¬

eqt°mkv ]Imcw CXv \m¬]-Øn-c≠v t]cmWv (a-Ømbn 1:-6˛-16

Dw eqt°mkv 3:-23˛-31 Dw t\m°p-I). InkvXp-hns‚ P\\w Zmho-

Zns‚ ]pX-\mb ie-tams‚ ]pX-]m-c-º-cy-Øn-em-sW∂v aØmbn

26 27


]d-bp-tºmƒ \mYms‚ ]pX-]m-c-º-cy-Øn-em-sW∂v eqt°mkv A`n-

]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. tbip-]n-Xm-hmb tbmtk-^ns‚ ]nXmhv bmt°m-

_m-sW-∂mWv aØmbn ]d-bp-∂Xv. eqt°m-kv- ]Imcw CXv tlen-

bm-Wv. CØcw sshcp-≤y-ßƒ tbip-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-ß-fnepw PohnX-

Ønepsa√mw Btcm-]n-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. tbip-hns‚ Ah-km-\sØ

hmN-I-sa-¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v ]d-bp-∂n-SØv hsc kphn-ti-j-I¿Øm-

°ƒ sshcp≤yw ]pe¿Øp-∂p≠v. "Gen Gen eΩm k_-‡m-\o,

AXm-bXv Fs‚ ssZhta Fs‚ ssZhta F¥p-sIm≠v \o Fs∂

Dt]-£n-®p. -F∂v Dds° \ne-hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠mWv At±lw Poh≥

shSn™-sX∂'- aØmbn (27:-5˛-50) ]d-bp-tºmƒ "F√mw ]q¿Øn-

bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p'- F∂v ]d™v Xe- Nmbv®v im¥n-tbm-sS-bmWv At±

lw Bflm-hns\ ka¿-]n-®-sX-∂mWv tbml-∂m≥ (19:-28 -30) ]kvXm-

hn-°p-∂Xv. CØcw sshcp-≤y-ßƒ ss__nƒ ]fin-X≥am¿°v

F∂pw XethZ-\-bp-≠m-°n-bn- p-≈-XmWv. "sshcp-≤y-ß-fn-te-°-√,

Ckvd-tb-ens‚ c£-I-s\∂ blqZ k¶¬]w ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-

cn-°p-∂Xv tbip-hn-em-sW∂ kphn-ti-j-I≥am-cpsS ktµ-i-ß-fn

te-°mWv \mw i≤ sNep-tØ-≠Xv'- (Harper’s Bible Dictionary,Page.336) F∂v \ymbo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv Ah¿ sNbvXp-t]m-∂n- p-≈Xv.

_-“-hpw- ]-]-©-hpw- X-Ωn¬ ]-c-am-flm-hp-w- P-o-hm-flm-hpw- XΩnep-

≈- _-‘-sØ-Ipdn-®- t_m-[w -D-]-\n-j-Øp-°ƒ-°p- ap-ºp-X-s∂-bp-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- B- t_m-[-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-Ø-d-bn-em-Wv- C-h-bp-sS- c-N-\

\n¿-h-ln-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- Po-hm-flm-hpw- ]-c-am-flm-hpw- X-Ωn-ep-≈-

_-‘-sØ-Ip-dn-®- N¿-®-Iƒ- h-y-Xy-k-v-X-ß-fpw- hn-cp-≤-ß-fp-am-b- Nn¥m-

[m-c-I-fp-sS- D¬-]-Ø-n-°v- \n-an-Ø-am-bn.- A-ssZz-X-hm-Z-hpw- ssZz-X-kn-

≤m-¥-hpw- D-]-\n-j-Øp-I-fn¬- X-s∂- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bp-∂p.- io- cmlp¬-

kmw-Ir-Xymb≥- Fgp-Xp-∂p:- "D-]-\n-j-Øp-°-fn-se- ⁄m-X-cpw-

A⁄m-X-cp-am-b- ]-fin-X≥-am¿- X-Ω-n¬- A-`n-]m-b -hy--Xym-k-ap-ff-

h-cm-Wv.- A-h-cn¬- Nn-e¿- B-cp-Wn-sb-bpw- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- in-jy≥-

bm⁄-h¬-Iy-s\-bpw- t]m-se- A-ssZz-X- hn-⁄m-\-hm-Zn-I-fm-bn-cp-

∂p.- a-‰p-≈-h¿- ssZz-X-hm-Zn-I-fp-am-bncp--∂p.- aq-∂m-a-sXm-cp-Iq- ¿- i-coc-

cq-]-Øn¬- _-“-Øn-s‚-bpw- P-K-Øn-s‚-bpw- A-ssZ-z-X- m-h-sØ- kzoI-

cn-®p.- C-Ø-cw- Zm¿-i-\n-I-∑m-cp-sS- Nn-¥-I-sf- A-h-cp-sS- in-jy-∑m-cpw-

im-J-I-fpw- K-ln-®v-,- A-Sp-Ø- X-e-a-p-d-°v- D-]-tZ-in®p- h-∂-Xn-s‚- kwK-

l-am-Wv- D-]-\n-j-Øp-Iƒ-'- (cm-lp¬-kmw-Ir-Xymb≥- :- h-n-i-z-Z¿-i-\-

ßƒ,-t]-:-559)-.- A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv-- D-]-\n-jØp-°-sf- A-Sn-ÿm-\-s∏--Sp-

Øp-∂- th-Zm-¥-Zƒ-i-\-Øn¬- X-s∂- hy-Xy-kv-X- Dƒ-]n-cn-hp-Iƒ- D≠m-

b-Xv.- ssZ-z-X-hpw- A-ssZ-z-X-hpw- h-n-in-jv-Sm-ssZz-X-hpw- ssZz-Xm-ssZz-X-

hpsa-√mw- ÿm-]n-°m≥- A-Xn-s‚- B-Nm-cy-∑m¿- D-]-\n-j-Øp-°-sf-

bm-Wv- D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.- io- i-¶-c-\pw- am-[z-\pw-,- cm-am\p-

P-\p-sa-√mw- D-]-\n-jXv-v-]-fin-X-∑m-cm-W-v.- A-h¿- Nn-¥m-]-c-am-bn- hn-cp-

≤-tN-cn-I-fn-em-Wv- \n¬°p-∂-Xv.- ]-t£,- -C-h-c-p-sSsb-√mw- ]-am-Ww-

D-]-\n-j-Øp-I-fm-Wv-.- A-h¿- X-ß-fp-sS- hm-Z-ßƒ-°-\p-Iq-e-am-b- sXfn-

hp-Iƒ- sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xv.- D]-\-n-j-Øp-I-fn¬- \n-∂v- X-s∂-bm-Wv.-

Jp¿-B-\ns‚ Ahÿ CXn¬ \n∂v XnI®pw hyXy-ÿ-amWv.

kpZo¿L-amb Ccp-]-Øn-aq∂v h¿j-ßƒ°nS-bn¬ hn-`-n-∂-ß-fmb

]cn-X-ÿn-Xn-I-fn-emWv Jp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xv.

]t£,- AXn¬ -n∂-Xtbm sshcp-≤y-ßtfm ImW-s∏-Sp-∂n-√. Jp¿-

B-\nse ]Xn-]m-Zy-hn-j-b-ß-fm-Is´ hfsc hn]p-ehpw _rl-Øp-

am-Wv. ssZhn-I GI-Xz-sØ-°p-dn® ]Xn-]m-Z\w, ]c-temI Pohn-X-

Ønse kw`-hßƒ, ]hm-NI IY-\-ßƒ, ]m]-©nI ]Xn-`-m-k-

ßsf°pdn® hnh-c-W-ßƒ, NcnX ]mT-ßƒ, IpSpw_ Imcy-ßƒ,

kmaqly \nb-a-ßƒ XpSßn \nc-h[n Imcy-ßƒ AXn-epƒs°m-

≈p-∂p. Ch-sb√mw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂tXm hyXyÿ ]cn-X-ÿn-

Xn-I-fnepw Ah-k-c-ßfnepw sh®v. F∂n´pw AXn¬ bmsXm-cp-hn[

sshcp-≤y-ßfpw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-∂Xv Hcp AXv- -pXw Xs∂-bmWv.-

Jp¿-B≥ ssZhn-I-K-Ÿ-am-sW-∂-Xn\v hy‡-amb sXfnhpIqSn-bm-

Wn-Xv. k¿thm-∂-X-\mb ssZhw ]d-bp-∂p. "-A-h¿ Jp¿-B-\ns\

Ipdn®v Nn¥n-°p-∂nt√? AXv A√m-lp-h-√mØ h√-h-cp-sSbpw

]°¬ \n∂p-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah-c-Xn¬ [mcmfw sshcp-≤y-

ßƒ Is≠-Øp-am-bn-cp-∂p-'- (-Jp¿-B≥.4.82).

[m¿an-IX

kzX-¥-amb ssIImcy I¿Xr-Xz-Øn\v Ignhv \¬Is∏´ `qan-

bnse GI-Po-hn-bmWv a\p-jy≥. Ah-s\m-gn-®p≈ F√m Pohn-Ifpw

]Ir-Xn-bpsS -mKw amX-am-Wv. ]Ir-Xn-bn¬ CS-s]-Smt\m amd-d-ßƒ

hcp-Ømt\m Ah-bvs°m∂pw km[y-a-√. F∂m¬ a\p-jys‚

ÿnXn CX-√. ]Ir-Xnsb Hcp ]cn[n hsc \nb-¥n-°m≥ Ah\v

Ignbpw. Ahs‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v c≠p-Xcw ê-ßƒ krjvSn

28 29


°m\mIpw. \∑-bp-sSbpw Xn∑-bp-sSbpw ^e-ßƒ. \∑-bpsS ^e

ßƒ krjvSn-°p∂ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fmWv Ah≥ sNtø-≠-Xv. Xn∑-

bn¬ \n∂v a\p-jy≥ AI∂p \n¬°-Ww. F¶nte Ah\v a\p-jy-

Xz-Øns‚ DZm-Øo-I-cWw km[n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bq. a-\p-jym-kvXn-

XzsØ ]`-m-]q-cn-X-am-°-W-sa-¶n¬ Ah≥ \∑ sNøp-Ibpw Xn∑-

bn¬ \n∂v AI-∂p-\n¬°p-Ibpw thWw. F¥mWv \∑? F¥mWv

Xn∑?. CXp]Tn∏n-°p-hm≥ th≠n-bmWv ]hm-N-I≥am¿ \ntbm-Kn-

°-s∏-´-Xv. thZ-K-Ÿ-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´Xpw CXn-\p-th≠n

Xs∂.

a\p-jysc hna-eo-I-cn-°m-\p-X-Ip∂ ]mtbm-KnI \nb-a-ßƒ

Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ ssZhn-Iam¿K-Z¿i-\-Øn\v amXsa Ign-bq. -uXn-

I-Z¿i-\-ß-fpsS ][m-\-s∏´ ]cm-P-b-an-hn-sS-bm-Wv. am\p-jnI ]iv\-

ßƒ ]cn-l-cn-°m≥ `-uXn-I-amb N´-°q-Sn-\p-≈n¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v

\nba-ß-fm-hn-jvI-cn-°p-IbmWv uXnI ]Xy-b-im-kvX-ßƒ sNbv

XXv. a\p-jys‚ Adnhpw Ignhpw ]cn-an--X-am-b-Xp-sIm≠p Xs∂ Ah-

bvs°m∂pw ÿmbn-bmb [m¿anI \n¿tZ-ißƒ \¬Ip-hm≥ Ign-

bp-I-bn-√. Cu hkvXp-X-bmWv Ch-bpsS ]cm-Pbw hy‡-am-°p-∂-

Xv. FX _en-jvT-amb Xm-ØznI ASn-Ø-d-bn¬ ÿm]n-°-s∏-´-Xm-

bn-cp-∂mepw a\p-jy-\n¿anX \nb-a-ßƒ°v ÿmbn-bmb \ne-\n¬]n-

s√∂ kXyw Ccp-]Xmw \qd-dm-≠ns‚ XØz-im-kvX-sa∂v hnti-

jn-∏n-°-s∏´ Iayq-WnkØns‚ XI¿® hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v. a\p-

jys\ Ipdn®pw Ahs‚ Npd-dp-]m-Sp-I-sf-°p-dn®pw hy‡hpw

kq£va-hp-ambn Adn-bm-hp-∂-h\v amXta Ah∂v BXy-¥n-I-ambn

\∑bmbn `-hn-°pI F¥m-sW∂v ]d-bm≥ Ign-bq. ssZhw thZ-K-

Ÿ-ß-fn-eqsS ]Tn-∏n® \nba \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ a\p-jy\v \∑ amXsa

]Zm\w sNøqsh∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv CXp-sIm-≠mWv.

a\p-jysc [m¿anI\n¿tZ-i-ßƒ ]Tn∏n-t°≠ thZ-K-Ÿ-ßƒ

am\p-jnI Ic-hn-cp-Xp-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-am-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ Ah-bn¬

A[m¿an-I-amb D]-tZ-ißƒ ÿm\w ]nSn-®-Xmbn ImWm≥

Ignbpw. CXv kzm`m-hn-I-amWv. thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ ssII-S-Ø-ep-Iƒ

\S-Ønbh¿ a\p-jy-cm-b-Xp-sIm≠v Xs∂ Ah¿ apt∂m´psh°p∂

\nba \n¿tZ-i-ßƒ°v ]cn-[n-Ifpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpap≠m-Ipw. Ah¿°v

\∑-sb∂v tXm∂nb Imcy-ßƒ BXy-¥n-I-ambn a\p-jy¿°v Xn∑-

bmbn Xocm\pw Xn∑-sb∂v tXm∂nb Imcy-ßƒ \∑-bmbn Xocm\pw

km[y-X-bp-≠v. Ah-cp-≠-m-°nb \nb-a-ßƒ°v Ah-cpsS ImeØv

]k-‡n-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-cn°mw. Ah-cpsS ho£WØn¬ Ah ]m-

tbm-Kn-I-am-bn-cn-°mw. F∂m¬ ]n¬Im-e-Øp-≈-h¿°v Ah A]-

k-‡-hpw A]m-tbm-Kn-I-hp-ambn A\p-`-h-s∏Spw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv

aX-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ \nba \n¿tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Nneh A]m-tbm-

Kn-Ihpw A]-am-\-hn-I-hp-ambn A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.-

Jp¿-B-\n-se- am¿-K-\n¿-tZ-i-ßƒ- C-Xn¬-\n-∂v- Xn-I-®pw- hy-Xy-

ÿ-am-Wv.- A-h- A-\-yq-\-hpw- km¿-h- Im-en-I-hp-am-Wv.- Jp¿-B≥ X-

s∂- AXv ]Zm\w sNøp∂ [m¿anI Iaw InS-b-‰-Xm-sW∂v kzbw

Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v. P\-ßƒ°v apgp-h≥ am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬Ip-

hm\pw t\¿hgn ImWn-°p-hm\pw kXym-kXy hnth-N-\-Øn\v D]-

bp-‡-am-°p-hm\pw Ign-bp∂ ssZhnI ]am-W-amWv Jp¿-B-s\∂m

Wv- AXn-s‚- Ah-Im-ihm-Zw-.

""P-\-ßƒ°v am¿K-Z¿i-\-am-bnsIm≠pw t\¿hgn ImWn-°p-

∂Xpw kXyhpw Ak-Xy-hpw th¿Xncn-®p-Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xp-amb

kphy‡ sXfn-hp-I-fmbn sIm≠pw hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Ah-Xn-cn-∏n-

°-s∏´ amk-am-Ip∂p da-Zm≥''- (Jp¿-B≥ 2:-185).

""Xo¿®-bmbpw Cu Jp¿-B≥ Gd-dhpw icn-bm-b-Xn-te°v hgn-

Im-Wn-°p-Ibpw k¬I¿a-ßƒ ]h¿Øn-°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-

Iƒ°v henb ]Xn- -e-ap-s≠∂ kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p''- (17:-9).

P¥p-k-l-P-amb hyK-X-tbmsS -uXn-I-kp-J-ßƒ hmcn-°q- m≥

ian-°p-∂-h¿°v Jp¿-B≥ i‡-amb Xm°oXv \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. uXn

IPohnXw \iz-c-am-sW∂pw Chn-SpsØ kpJ-Zp-xJ-ßƒ Xm¬°m-

enIw amX-am-sW∂pw Cl-temI kuJy-Øn\v th≠n A\-iz-c-

amb ]c-tem-I-Po-hn-X-Ønse Zpcn-X-ßƒ hmß-cp-sX-∂p-ap≈

Xm°oXv. Cu Xm°oXv ihn-®p-sIm≠v ssZhn-I-hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ

kzoI-cn-°m≥ k∂-≤-cm-Ip-∂-h¿°v am¿K-Z¿i\w \¬Ip∂ KŸ-

amWv Jp¿-B≥ F∂p-IqSn AXv kzbw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p. [m¿an-

I-X-bpsS N´-°q-Sn¬ Pohn-XsØ Iao-I-cn-°p-∂-XmWv a\p-jy-a-l-

Xz-Øns‚ \nZm\-sa∂v a\- n-em-°m-Ø-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw

30 31


Jp¿-B-\ns‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ ]k-‡-ß-fmbn A\p- -h-s∏- p-sIm-

≈-W-sa-∂n-√. F∂m¬ a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ DZm-Øo-I-c-W-Øn-eq-sS

bmWv PohnX km£m¬Imcw t\tS-≠Xv F∂v Icp-Xp-∂-hsc

kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Jp¿-B-\nse hn[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ Hmtcm∂pw

Aaq-ey-ß-fm-Wv. Ah¿°v F√m A¿Y-Øn-ep-ap≈ am¿K-\n¿tZ-iI

KŸ-amWv Jp¿-B≥. Jp¿-B≥ kzbw Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw CXp-

X-s∂-bm-W-t√m. ""-C-Xm-Ip∂p KŸw, AXn¬ kwi-b-ta-bn√,

kq£vaX ]men-°p-∂-h¿°v t\¿hgn ImWn-°p-∂-XsX AXv.''- (Jp¿-

B≥ 2:-2).

Hcp kºq¿W thZ-K-Ÿ-amb Jp¿-B≥ ssZhn-I-a-X-Øns‚

hniz-k-]-c-amb ASn-Ø-d-Isf Ipdn®pw BNm-c-hn-[n-Isf Ipdn®pw

hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ Pohn-X-Øns‚ kakvX taJ-e

I-fnepw ssZhn-I-\n-b-a-ßƒ ]men®v Pohn-®p-sIm≠v Fßs\

Hcmƒ°v ]q¿W a\p-jy-\m-bn-Øo-cm-sa∂v hy‡hpw IrXy-hp-ambn

]Tn-∏n-®p-X-cn-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≠v. Fs¥m-s°-bmWv Pohn-XsØ hna-

eo-I-cn-°p∂ \∑-I-sf∂pw Fs¥m-s°-bmWv Pohn-XsØ hnIr-X-

am-°p∂ Xn∑-I-sf∂pw Jp¿-B≥ \ap°v ]d™p Xcp-∂p.

a-\-p-jy-s\-∂- \n-e-bn¬- H-cm-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠- F-√m- \-∑-Isf-

°p-dn-®pw- Jp¿-B\pw-- A-Xn-s‚- hn-i-Zo-I-c-W-am-b- ]-hm-N-I Po-hn-X-

hpw- ]-d-™p-X-cp-∂p-≠v.- a-\p-jy-tcm-sS-√mw Im-cp-Wy-tØm-sS- s]-cp-

am-d-Ww.-Zp-cn-X-a-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h-sc- k-lm-bn-°-Ww.- A-\mY-Iƒ-°pw-

A-K-X-n-Iƒ-°pw- Xm-ßpw- X-W-ep-am-bn- h¿-Øn-°-Ww-.- A-\y-sc-∏-‰n-

\-√-Xp-am-Xw- ]-d-b-Ww.-- hn-\-b-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn- s]-cp-am-d-Ww.- am-Xm-]n--Xm-

°-tfm-Sp≈- s]-cp-am-‰w- am-\y-am-b-n-cn-°-Ww.- Ip-™p-ß-tfm-Sv- Im-cp-

Wy-hpw- hm-’-e-y-hpw- Im-Wn-°Ww.-- `m-cy-`¿-Øm-°-∑m¿- ]-c-kv-]-cw-

kv-t\-ln-°p-I-bpw- _-lp-am-\n-°p-I-bp-w- A-h-Im-i-ßƒ- A-\p-h-Zn-®v-

sIm-Sp-°p-I-bpw- sN-ø-W-w-.- km-º-Øn-I-c-w-K-Øv- h-n-ip-≤n-tbm-Sp- IqSn-

s]-cp-am-d-Ww.- I-®-h-S-Øn¬- k-Xy-k-‘-X- D-≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww.- C-ß-

s\- t]m-Ip-∂p- \n¿-tZ-i-ßƒ- C-h-bn-sem-s∂-¶n-epw- a-\p-jy-a-l-X-z-

Øn-\v- \n-c-°m-Ø-Xm-sW-∂v- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°m≥ B¿-s°-¶n-epw- Ign-

bptam?-

Jp¿-B-\n-se- hn-e-°p-Iƒ- ]-cntim-[-n-®m-epw- ÿn-Xn- C-Xp-X-s∂-

sb-∂v- \-ap-°v- t_m-[y-am-Ipw-.- a-Zy-]n-°-cp-Xv-,- hy- n-N-cn-°-cp-Xv-,- tam„n-

°-cp-Xv,- I-≈w- ]-d-b-cp-Xv-,- h-©n-°-cp-Xv,- Nq-Xm-´w- \-S-Ø-cp-Xv-.- ]-en-i-

hm-ßp-I-tbm- sIm-Sp-°p-I-tbm- A-cp-Xv-,- [q¿-Ø-Sn-°-cp--Xv-,- A-\ym-b-

amb-n- H-cp- Xp-≈n- c-‡w- t]m-epw- Nn-¥-cp-Xv-.-- Nm-cn-X-h-X-n-I-sf-Ip-d-n-®v-

A]-hm-Zw- ]-d-b-cp-Xv.-- A-\m-Y-I-fp-sS- [-\w- A-\ym-b-am-bn- `-£-n-°-

cpXv,- sX-d-n-]-d-b-cp-Xv-,- B-cp-sS-bpw- A-h-Im-ißƒ- l-\n-°-cp-X-v,-- ambw-

tN¿-°-cp-X.--v- A-f-hn-epw- Xq-°-Øn-epw- Ir-Xn-aw- I-m-Wn°-cp-Xv,-- A-kq-

b-bpw- hn-tZz-j-hpw- sh-®p-]p-e¿-Ø-cp-Xv,- G-j-Wn-bpw- ]-c-Zq-j-W-hpw-

]m-Sn-√.-- kz-P-\- ]-£-]m-Xw- ]m-Sn-√- C-ß-s\-bp-≈-h-bm-Wv hn-e-°pIƒ.-

Cu- hn-e-°p-I-fn-te-sX-¶n-epw- a-\p-j-y-]p-tcm-K-Xn-°v- ap-ºn¬- hne-ßp-

X-Sn-bm-bn- \n¬-°-p-∂p-sh-∂-v- ]-d-bm≥- B-sc-¶n-epw- ss[-cy-s∏-Sptam?-

km-∑m¿-Kn-I- \n¿-tZ-i-ßtfm-sSm-∏w- ]m-tbm-Kn-I- ]-≤-Xn- Iq-Sn-

Jp¿-B≥- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p- F-∂Xm-Wv- A-Xn-s\- A-Xp-ey-am-°p-∂-

H-´-\-h-[n- k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fn-sem-∂v.- Xn-∑-Iƒ-°v- a-c-Wm-\-¥-cw- e-`n-

°p-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂- ssZ-hn-I in-£-sb-°p-dn--®-v- ap-∂-dnbn-∏p- \¬-In-

sIm≠v- Ip-‰-Ir-X-y-ßƒ -C-√m-Xm-°p-∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-am-b- am-\-kn-Im-h-

ÿ- k-r-jv-Sn-°p-∂-tXm-sS-m∏w- X-s∂- Ip-‰-hm-fn-Iƒ-°v- -c-W-Iq-Sw- \¬-

tI-≠- `u-Xn--I- i-n-£-sb-°p-dn-®pw- Jp-¿-B≥- hn-h-cn-°-p-∂p.- kp-Zr-

V-am-b- H-cp- I-cm-sd-∂- \n-e-bn¬- ssh-hm-ln-I- _-‘w- ]-i-v-\-c-ln-X-

ambn- a-p-t∂m-´v- \-o-°p-hm-\m-h-iy-am-b- [m¿-an-I- am¿-K-\n¿tZ-i-ßƒ-

\¬-Ip-∂-tXm-sSm-∏w- A-h-bn¬- X¿-°-ßƒ- D-S-se-Sp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬-

F-ß-s\- ]-cn-l-cn-°-s]-S-W-sa-∂-Xn-s\-°-p-dn-®- ]m-tbm-Kn-I- \n¿-tZ-

i-ß-fpw- Jp¿-B≥- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂p.-

D-]-tZ-i-ß-fpw- \n¿-tZ-i-ßfpw- am-Xw- \¬-In-sIm-≠v- ]-n≥-hm-ßp-

I-b-√- ]-Xyp-X-,- A-Xv- ]-Zm-\w- sN-øp-∂- km-∑m¿-Kn-I- I-aw- ]m-tbm-

Kn-I-am-s-W--∂v- hn-ip-≤-am-b- H-cp- k-aq-l-Ø-n-s‚-kr-„n- km-[n-®p-sIm≠v-

sX-fn-bn-°p-Ibm-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- sN-bv-Xn- p-≈-Xv-.- In-S-b-‰- H-cp- k-m-∑m¿Kn-

I- I-aw- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-I- am-X-a-√-,- A-Xv- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW-∂v- sXfn-

bn-°p-I- Iq-Sn- sN-bv-X- K-Ÿ-am-Wv- Jp-¿-B≥- F-∂¿-Yw.-

a-‰p -a-X-K-Ÿ-ß-fpw- am-Xr-Im-tbm-Ky-am-b- k-m-∑m¿-K-n-I- kw-hn[m\-

sØ-°p-dn-®v- kw-km-cn-°p-∂-n-t√?-

F-√m- a-XK-Ÿ-ß-fpw- Nn-e- [m¿-an-I- \n¿-tZ-i-ßƒ- \¬-Ip-∂ps≠-

∂-Xv- i-cn-bm-Wv-.- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- ]-t_m-[\w- sN-bv-X B-Z¿-i-Øns‚-

32 33


A-h-in-jv-Sßƒ- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- a-X-K-Ÿß-fn-se- [m¿-an-I- \n¬tZ-

i-ß-fn¬- Nn-e-h- Jp-¿-B-\n-Im-[ym-]-\-ß-fp-am-bn- s]m-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂p-

s≠-∂-Xpw- t\-cm-Wv.- F-∂m¬- Jp-¿-B-\n-se- [m¿-an-I- \n¿-tZ-i-ßƒ°v-

a-‰p- a-X- K-Ÿ-ß-fp-tS-Xn¬- \n∂v- A-Sn-ÿm-\-]-c-am-b- ]n-e- A-¥-c-

ßfp-≠v.- A-h-bn-ß-s\- kw-K-ln-°mw-.-

H-∂v: J-p¿-B-\n¬- ssZ-hn-I-am-b- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ- am-X-sa-bp

≈q.- a-‰p-a-X-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬- ssZ-hn--I-am-b- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ- ]-cm-a¿-in°p-

∂p-s≠-¶n-epw- A-tXm-sSm-∏w- X-s∂- ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-¿- \n¿an-®- \n-b

a-ßfpw- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂p-≠v. C-h- c-≠-pw- G-sXm-s°-bm-sW∂v- th-¿

Xn-cn-®v- a-\- n-em-°m≥- I-gn-bm-Ø-h-Æw- A-h Iq-Sn-°p-g-™m-Wn-c-n

°p-∂-Xv-.-

c-≠v:- Jp-¿-B-\n-se- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ- \q-dv- i-X-am-\w- am-\-hn-Iam-

Wv.- a-‰p- ]-e- a-X- K-Ÿ-ß-fn-epw- am-\-h-n-I-a-√m-Ø- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Iƒ-

Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂p.- D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v- ss_-_n-fn¬- sIm-dn-t¥m-kp--Im¿-

s°-gp-Xn-b- H-∂mw- te-J-\-Øn¬- ]u-tem-kv- F-gp-Xp-∂p:- "kv-Xosb-

kv-]¿-in-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv- ]p-cp-j-\v- \-√-Xv-'-(1 sIm-cn 7-:-1)-."-hn-hml-

Øn¬- \n-∂v- X-s∂- Hgn-™v- \n¬-°p-∂-Xv- G-sd- \-√-Xv-'- (7:-38).- a-\-p

jy¿- a-p-gp-h≥- G-‰-h-pw- h-en-b- Cu- \-∑- kzo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-sh-¶n¬- a\p-

j-y-Ip-ew- X-s∂- G-Xm-\pw- ]-Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°p-≈n¬- \m-am-hti-j-am-

Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.- C-Ø-cw- am-\hn-Ia√m-Ø D-]-tZ-i-ß-sfm-∂pw- Jp¿

B\n¬- Im-Wp-I- km-[y-a-√.-

aq-∂v-:- J-p¿-B\n-se- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-I-fn¬- A-I-a-Øn-t\m- A-\oXn-

t°m- th-≠n-bp-≈- I¬-]-\-I-sfm-∂pw- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂n-√.- a-‰p -Nn-e-

a-X-K-Ÿß-fn¬- A-I-a-Øn-\pw- A-\o-Xn-°pw- th-≠n-bp-≈- B-l-zm-

\ß-ƒ- Im-Wmw-.- D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v- Iu-jo-X-In- _m-“-tWm-]-\n-j

Øn¬- C-µ-≥- ]-d-bp-∂-Xm-bn- D-≤-cn-°p-∂p.- ""\- am-Xr-h-t[--\ \- ]r-

Xr- h-t[-\- \- kv-tX-tb-\-\- `q-W-l-Xy-tbm- \m-ky- ]m-]w- N-\- N-Ir

tjm- ap--Jm-∂o-ew th-Xo-X-n-''- (3:-1).-

(am-Xr-h-[w-,- ]n-Xr-h-[w,- tam-j-Ww,- `q-W-l-Xy Xp-S-ßn-b- ]m-]

ßƒ- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂m-epw- F-s‚-bm-fp-Iƒ-°v- bm-sXm-cp- i-¶bp-

ap-≠m-h-cp-Xv-).-

\m-ev-:- Jp-¿-B--\n-se- \n-b-a- \n¿-tZ-i-ß--fn¬- bm-sX-m-cp- co-X-n-bn-ep-

f-f- D-®-\o-N-Xzß-fp-an-√-.- a-d-dp- Nn-e- a-X-K-Ÿ-ß-fnse- \n-b-a-ß-fn¬-

Xm-gv-∂ Pm-Xn-°m-c\pw- D-b¿∂- P-m-Xn-°m-c-\-p-sa∂- th¿-Xn-cn-hv- ]IS-

am-Wv-.- D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v- B-t£-]-Øn-\v- a-\p-kv-ar-Xn- hn-[n-®n- p-≈- in-

£-Iƒ- i-≤n-°p-I-.- "_m-“-W-s\- i-Im-cn-°p-∂- £-X-b-\v- \q-dv-

]W-hpw- ssh-i-y-\v- C-cp-\q-dv- ]-W-h-p-w- iq-Z-\v- Nm-´-hm-d-Sn-bpam-Wv-

in£.-- _m-“-W≥- £-X-n-b-s\- i-Im-cn-®-m¬- A-º-Xv- ]-W-hpw- ssh-

iy-s\bm-sW-¶n¬- C-cp-]-Øn-b©v-- ]-W-hpw- iq-Z-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬-

]¥-≠v- ]-W-hp-am-Wv- in-£ (a-\p-kv-ar-Xn- 8:-267,- 268)-.-

A-©v-:- Jp¿-B\n-¬- A-]m-tbm-Kn--I-am-b- hn-[n- hn-e-°p-I-ƒ- H∂pw-

X-s∂-bn-√.- a-‰p- a-X-K-Ÿ-ß-fn-se- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-Ifn¬- Nn-e-h- A-]m

tbm-Kn-I-ß-fm-Wv.- hn-hm-l-tam-N-\-sØ-°p-dn-® ss_-_nfn-se- I¬]\-

Im-Wp-I-:- "X-s‚- m-cy-bp-am-bn- hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w- \-S-Øn- a-s‰m-cp-hsf-

hn-hm-lw- sN-øp-∂-h-≥- hy-`-n-N-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p- (eu-t°-m-kv- 16:-18)-.-

hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w- ]-m-Sn-√-∂- ss_-_n-f-n-se- Cu- \n-b-aw- A-]mtbm-

Kn-I-am-sW-∂v- C-∂v- ssI-kv-X-h- k-`-Iƒ- X-s∂- k-Ω-Xn-°p-∂psh-

∂-Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw-.- hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w- A-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-\v- th-≠n-

k-`-Iƒ- \-S-Øp-∂- \-n-b-a-\n¿-am-Ww- A-Xm-W-s√m- Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xv.-

B-dv- :- J-p¿-B≥- hn-h-cn-®-p-Im-Wn-°p-∂- k-m-∑m-¿-Kn-I- I-a-Øn-s‚-

]-tbm-‡m-°-fm-hp-I-h-gn- h-n-ip-≤-am-bn-Øo¿-∂- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS-

NcnX-am-Wv- A-Xv- hn-h-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- a-‰p- a-X- K-Ÿ-ß-ƒ- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿-

hn-ip-≤-cm-bn-cp-∂-p-sh-∂v- A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶n-epw- A-h-cp-sS- Pohn-

Xw- hn-h-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv h-f-sc -tam-i-am-b- co-Xn-bn-em-Wv.- a-Z-y-

]n-®v-- \-·-\m-Ip-∂- t\m-lpw- (D¬-]-Øn- 9:-20˛23)- a-Z-y-]n-®v- ]pXn-am-cp-

am-bn- i-bn-°p-∂ tem-Øpw- (D¬-]-Øn- 19:-31˛36) N-Xn-b-\m-b- bm-t°m-

_pw- (D¬-]-Øn- 27:1˛36)- A-\y-kv-Xo-I-sf- kz-¥w- In-S-°-bn-te-°v-

\bn-°p-∂- Zm-ho-Zpw- (2 im-ap-th¬- 11:-1-˛20) am-Xr-Im- tbm-Ky-cm-tWm?-

ssl-µ-h- ]p-cm-W-ßfn¬- a-l-Xv-hy-‡n-I-sf-∏-‰n- hn-h-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xpw-

X-ssY-h-.- iw-_p-I-s\-∂- i-q-Z-s\- h-[n-°p-I-bpw- (hm¬-ao-In- cm-am-

b-Ww- bp-≤-Im-fiw-) ]q¿W- K¿-`n-Wn-bm-b- `m-cy-sb- Im-´n¬- D-t]-

£n-°p-I-bpw (D-Ø-c- Im-fiw)-- sN-bv-X- -io-cm-a-s\-bpw- tKm]n-Im-

h-kv-Xm-]-l-c-Ww- ap-X¬- bp-≤-Øn¬- A-I-a-hpw- h-©-\-bpw- kzo-I-

cn-°p-I- h-sc- sN-bv-X- io-Ir-jv-W-s\-b-p-am-Wv- \mw- ]p-cm-W-ß-fn¬-

Im-Wp-∂-Xv.- Cu- \n-e-bn¬- C-h¿- [¿-a- kw-ÿm-I-cm-bn-cn∂p-sh-∂v-

34 35


]d-bm-\m-Ip-tam-?- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\m-I-s - F-√m- ]-hm-N-I∑m-cpw- hnip-

≤-cpw- am-Xr-Im-tbm-Ky-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv- ]-Tn-∏n-°p∂-Xv.- Jp-¿-

B≥- ap-t∂m-´v- sh-°p-∂- N-cn-Xw- C-Xn-\v- km-£n-bp-am--Wv.-

]m-tbm-Kn-I-X-:-

a-\p-jy-sc- am-\-hn-I-X- ]-T-n-∏n-°p--hm≥- th-≠n-bm-Wv- ]-hm-N-I≥-

am-¿- \n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´-Xv.- ssZ-hn-I-am-b- am¿-K-Z¿-i-\-]-Im-cw- Po-hn-®p-

sIm-≠p-am-X-sa- am-\-hn-I-X-bp-sS- D-∂-X- \n-e-hm-c-Øn-se-Øn-t®-cm≥-

I-gn-b-q.- ssZ-hn-I- K-Ÿ-ß-fn-se- \n-b-a- \-n¿-tZ-i-ß-sf-√mw- a-\p-jysc-

kXy-k-‘-cpw-- k¬-Kp-W-k-º-∂-c-p-am-°p-∂-Xn-\v- th-≠n-bp-≈-Xm-bn-

cp-∂p.- ]-kv-Xp-X- \n-b-a-ßƒ- h-y-‡n-sb- hn-a-eo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- Ip-Spw-

_-sØ- hn-ip-≤o-I-cn-°p-I-bpw k-aq-l-sØ -]-Im-i-am-\-am-°p-Ibpw

sNøpw.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- A-h- Xn-I-®pw- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn-cp-∂p.-

A-]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-b- Ipsd- \n-b-a-ßƒ- A-Sn-t®¬-]n-°-p∂-Xp- h-gn- Hcn-

°n-epw- im-iz-X-am-b- im-¥n-bpw- k-am-[m-\-hpw- ssI-h-cn-°m-\m-hn-√.-

A-Ø--cw- \n-b-a-ßƒ-°v- Im-em-Xn-h¿-Øn-bm-bn- \n-e-\n¬-°p-hm-\pw-

I-gn-bn-√.- `u-Xn--I- ]-Xy-b- im-kvX-ßƒ- ap-t∂-m-´v- h-®- \-n-b-a-\n¿-tZ-

ißƒ- H-‰-t\-´-Øn¬- kp-µ-c-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw- A-h- Xn-I-®pw-

A]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn-cp-∂Xn-\m-em-W-s√m A-hbv-°v- N-cn-X-sØ A-

Xn-Po-hn-°p-hm≥- I-gn-bm-sX- t]m-b-Xv.-

]-hm-N-I-∑m-cn-eq-sS- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏- - th-ZK-Ÿ-ß-fn-se- \nb-

a-\n¿-tZ-i-ß-sf-√mw- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn-cp-∂p.- F-∂m-¬- a-\p-jy-cp-sS-

ssI-I-S-Ø-ep-Iƒ- ]-kv-Xp-X- K-Ÿ-ß-fn-ep-≠m-bn- p-≠v.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v-

X-s∂- ]-kv-Xp-X- c-N-\-Iƒ- \-S-Øn-b-h-cp-sS- ho-£-W-Øns‚- ]-cn-an-

Xn-Iƒ- A-h-bn-se- \n¿-tZ-i-ß-fn¬- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw-.- A-Ø-cw- \nb-

a-\n¿-tZ-i-ßƒ- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- A-Xv- F-gp-X-s∏- - Im-e-Øv- am-Xw- ]mtbm-

Kn-I-am-bn-cn-°pw-;- A-s√-¶n-¬- A-sX-gp-Xn-b- hy-‡n-bp-sS- ho-£-W-

Øn¬- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn-cn-°pw-.- km¿-h-Im-en-I-Xz-a-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm≥-

AØ-c-w- \-n-b-a-\n¿-tZ-i-ßƒ-s°m-∂pw- I-gn-bp-I-bn-s√-∂m-Wv- hm-

kvXh-w.-

D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v- hn-hm-l-tam-N-\-sØ-Ip-dn-® ss_-_nƒ- ]p-Xnb-

\n-b-a-Øn-s‚- A-\p-im-k-\- t\m-°p-I:- "Nm-cn-X- ew-L-\w- F-∂- Imc-

WØm-e-√m-sX- `m-c-ysb-- D-t]-£n-°p-∂-h≥- A-h-sf- h-y-`-n-Nm-cn-Wn-

bm-°p-∂p.- A-ß-s\- D-t]-£n-°-s∏-´-h-sf- hn-hm-lw- sN-øp-∂-h-\p-w-

h-y- n-N-cn-°p-∂p,'-- (a-Øm-bn- 5:-32)- "hn-hm-ln-X-tcm-Sv- Rm≥- I¬-]n-°p∂p.-

Rm-\-√,- I¿-Øm-hp- X-s∂- I¬-]n-°p-∂p.- `m-cy -`¿-Øm-hn-s\- ]n-

cnbcp-Xv--.- A-hƒ- ]n-cnbp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- H-‰-°v- I-gn-b-Ww.- A-s√-¶n¬-

`¿-Ømhp-am-bn- c-ay-s∏-tS-Ww.- ¿-Øm-hv- m-cy-sb- D-t]-£n-°p-I-bpw-

A-cp-Xv.'- (1 sIm--cn-¥-y¿- 7:-10,-11)-

C-h-bn¬- A-S-ßn-b- hn-[n-Iƒ- Xm-sg- ]-d-bp-∂-h-bmWv:-

1.- Nm-cn-Xy-- ew-L-\w- F-∂- Im-c-W-Øm-e-√m-sX- m-cy-sb- D-t]£n-

°-p-hm≥- ]m-Sn-√.-

2. `m-c-y- H-cp- Im-c-W-h-im-epw- `¿-Øm-hn-s\- D-t]-£n-®p-Iq-S-m-.-

3.- A-hƒ- `¿-Øm-hp-am-bn- ]n-cn-tb-≠n-h-∂m¬- ]-n-s∂- H-‰-bv-°p-

I-gn-b-Ww.-

4.- H-cp- h-n-hm-l-tam-Nn-X-sb- B-cpw- hn-hm-lw- sN-ø-cp-Xv-.-

5.- h-n-hm-l-tam-Nn-X--bp-am-bp≈- hn-hm-l-Øn-eq-sS- \-S-°p-∂-

ssewKn-I- _-‘w- h-y-`n-Nm-c-am-Wv.-

Cu- \n-b-a-ßƒ- A-]m-tbm-KnI-am-sW-∂v- ]-d-tb-≠-Xn-√-s√m.- Xm-

sg- ]-d-bp-∂- ]-iv-\-ßƒ-°p- ]-cn-lm-cw- Im-Wm≥- Cu- \n-b-a-Øn-s‚-

h-‡m°ƒ-°v- I-gn-bp-∂n-s√-∂-Xm-Wv hm-kv-X-hw-.-

1.- Ip-Spw-_-_-‘w- ssh-Im-cn-I-am-b- `m-cy-m- `¿-Xr-_-‘-Øn-s‚-

sI- p-d-∏n-s‚- A-Sn-Ø-d-bn-em-Wv- I-cp-∏n-Sn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- Nm-cn-Xr-- ewL-

\-sa-∂- ]-iv-\-a-√m-sX- X-s∂- X-Ωn¬- H-∂n-®p- t]m-Im≥- ]-‰m-Ø- \nc-

h-[n- ]-iv-\-ßƒ m-c-y-`¿-Øm-°-∑m¿- X-Ω-n-ep-≠m-Im-dp-≠v.- A-Ø-cw-

]-iv-\-ßƒ- ]cn-l-cn-°p-hm-\p-≈- bm-sXm-cp- am¿-K-tc-J-bpw- ss_-

_nƒ- \¬--Ip-∂n-√.- a-\- p-Iƒ- X-Ωn¬- A-I-∂p- I-gn-™-˛ H-cn-°epw-

tbm-Pn-∏n-°m≥- I-gn-bm-Ø-hn-[w- A-I-∂p-t]m-b- hy-‡n-I-sf-,- hn-hmlw-

I-gn-®p-sh-∂-Xn-s‚- t]-cn¬- am-Xw- \n-Xy-\-c-I-Øn¬- I-gn-bp-hm≥- hn[n-

°p-∂-Xv- kw-K-X-am-tWm?- a-\- v- A-I-∂ am-Xm-]-n-Xm-°tfm-sSm--∏w- hf-

cp-∂- Ip-™p-ß-fp-sS- am-\-kn-Im-h-ÿsb-¥m-bn-cn-°pw-?- ssh-hm-ln-

I- _-‘-sØ- H-cn-°-epw- th¿-s]-Sp-Øm-\m-hm-Ø- _-‘-\-am-°-p-I-

h-gn- k-v-Xo-°pw- ]-p-cp-j-\pw- Nn-e-t∏m-sg-¶n-ep-ap-≠m-hm-dp-≈- A-Xo-h-

Kp-cp-X-c-am-b- ]-iv-\-ßƒ-°v- ]-cn-lm-cw- \n¿-tZ-in-°p-hm≥- ss_-_nfn\v-

36 37


I-gn-bp-∂p-t≠m?- F-¥m-Wv- ]-cn-lm-cw-?-.-

2.- A-\n-hm-cy-am-b- km-l-N-cy-Øn¬- `¿-Øm-hn-s\- D-t]-£n-t°-

≠n-h-∂m¬- ]n-s∂- m-cy- th-sd- hn-hm-lw- I-gn-°m-≥- ]m-S-n-s√-∂m-Wv-

]u-tem-kn-s‚- A[y-m-]-\w-.- A-ß-s\- hn-hm-ltam-N-\w- t\-Sn-b-h-sf

B-cp- kw-c-£n-°-W-sa-∂v- ]p-Xn-b- \n-b-aw- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√.- hn-hm-l-

tam-N-\w- sN-bv-X-Xn-\v- ti-jw- A-h-fp-sS- ssP-hn-Im-h-i-y-am-b- sse-Kn

I- Xr-jv-W-bpw- kv-t\-ln-°p-hm\pw- kv-t\-ln-°-s∏-Sp-hm-\p-ap-≈- A`n-

hm-Rv-O-b-pw- Xo¿-°p-h≥- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-b- a-‰p- am¿-K-ß-sf-m-∂pw

\n¿-tZ-in-°m-sX- A-hƒ- H-‰-°v- I-gn-b-W-w- F-∂- I¬-]-\- ]p-d-s∏-Sp-

hn-∏n-°p-∂- ]-u-tem-kn-s‚- ho-j-Ww- am-\-hn-I-am-b- Im-gv-N-]m-Sn¬-

Iq-c-X-b-t√?- Cu- ]-iv-\-ßƒ-°v- ss_-_n-fn-\v- h-√- ]-cn-lm-c-hpw- \n¿-

tZ-in-°m-\p-t≠m?.-

3.- H-cmƒ- hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w- sN-bv-X-h-sf- --a-s‰-m-cmƒ- hn-hm-lw- sNø-

cp-sX-∂- I¬-]-\bv--°p-≈- \-ym-bo-I-c-W-sa-¥m-Wv?- H-cp- In-kv-Xpa-X-

hnizm-kn-\n-bm-b- kv-Xo-sb- Iq-c-\m-b-,- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn -ssZ-h-\ntj-

[n-bm-b- `¿-Øm-hv- hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w- sN-bv-Xp-sh-∂-n-cn-°-s´,- A-bm-

sf- kw-_-‘n-®-S-tØm-fw- ss_-_n-fn-s‚- hn-e-°p-Iƒ- _-m-[-I-a-√-

t√m.- A-Ø-c-sam-cp- kv-Xo- ]cn-i-p-≤-am-b IpSp-w-_-Po-hn-Xw- \-bn-°m≥-

Dt±-in-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬- A-h-fp-sS ap-º-n¬- \n-baw- A-]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-

b-n-Øo-cp-I-bn-t√?- A-hƒ-°v- a-s‰-¥p- am¿-K-am-Wv- ss_-_n-fn-\v- \n¿tZ-

in-°m-\p-≈-Xv?-.-

4.- H-c-p hn-hm-l-tam-Nn-X-sb- a-s‰m-cp- ]p-cp-j≥- h-nhm-lw- sN-bvXm¬-

A-Xv- hy- n-Nm-c-Øn-\v- Xp-e-y-a-m-sW-∂- hm-Z-Øn-\v- F-¥p- \ym-bo-I-cW-

amW-p-≈-Xv-?- A-ß-s\- H-cp- hn-hm-lw- \-S-∂m¬- A-h¿- X-Ωn-ep-≈-

ssew-Kn-I- _-‘w- \n-b-]-c-am-°-p-hm≥- F-¥p- am¿-K-am-Wv- ss_-_nfn\v-

\n¿-tZ-in-°m-\p-≈-Xv?-

C-tX- t]m-se-Ø-s∂-bm-Wv- a-‰p- a-X-K-Ÿ-ß-fn-se- hn-[n-hn-e-°p-

Ifn¬- Nn-e-Xn-s‚-bpw- ÿn-Xn-.- A-h- A-]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-b- \n-b-a-ßƒ-

Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂-h-bm-Wv.- hn-[-h-tbm-S-v- a-\p-kv-a-r-Xn- \n-jv-I¿--j-n-°p-∂-

Xn-ß-s\-bm-Wv.- "`¿-Øm-hv- a-c-n-®-ti-jw- ]-cn-ip-≤-am-b- In-g-ßv-,- ew,-

]p-jv-]w- Xp-S-ßn-b- B-lm-cßƒ-- sIm-≠v tZ-l-Øn-\v- £-bw- h-cpØn-

Im-ew- I-gn-t°≠-Xm-Wv.- Im-a-hn-Im-tcm-t±-yi-tØm-sS- a-s‰m-cp- ]p-cpj

s‚- t]c-p- ]-d-b-cp-Xv.- ¿-Øm-hn-s‚- a-c-W-Øn-\v- ti-jw- Po-hn-Xm-hkm-

\w- h-sc- k-l-\-i-o-e-bm-bpw- ]-cn-ip-≤-bm-bpw- _-“-[-ym-\-ap-≈-h-fm

bpw- a[p-amw-k-`-£-Ww- sN-øm-Ø-h-fm-bpw- D¬-Ir-jv-S-am-b- ]-hn-X-

X-bp-sS- [¿-a-sØ- B-K-ln-°p-∂-h-fm-bpw- C-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Ip-∂p (a\p-

kv-ar-Xn- 5:-157,-158)-.-

bu-∆-\-Øn¬- X-s∂- ¿-Øm-hv- a-c-W-s∏-Sp-I- h-gn- hn-[-h-I-fmbn-

Øn-cp-∂- kv-Xo-I-sf- kw-_-‘n-®n-S-tØ-m-fw Cu \n-b-aw- A-Sn-t®¬-

∏n-°p-∂- Iq-c-X-sb°-p-dn-®v- ]-d-tb-≠-Xn-√.- A-hƒ-°v- h-n-hm-lw- \-n

tj-[-n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv A-[m¿-an-I-X-I-fn-te-°v- \-bn-°s∏Sp-hm≥-- Im-c-

W-am-Ipw.- A-ß-s\- Cu- \n-b-a-Øn-s‚- -h-n-jy-Øp-Iƒ- hy-‡n-I-fpw-

k-aq-l-hpw- A-\-p- -h-n-°m≥- \n-¿-_-‘n-X-cm-hpw.- H-cp- \-√- k-aq-l-Øn-

s‚- kr-jv-Sn-°v- hn-Lm-X-am-bn- \n¬-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv- D-Ø-cw- \n-b-a-ßƒ;-

A-Xp-sIm-≠v- X-s∂- A-]m-tbm-Kn-I-hpw-.-

Jp¿-B-\n-se- \n-b-a-ß-fp-sS- ÿ-Xn-bn-X-√.- A-Xn-se- \n-b-a-\n¿tZ-

i-ß-sfm-∂pw- A-]m-tbm-K-n-I-a-√.- am-\-hn-I-am-b- G-Xv- A-f-hp-tIm-¬-

sh-®p t\m-°n-bm-epw- Jp¿-B-\n-se- \n-b-a-ß-fn¬- A-[m¿-an-I-tam-

A-]m-tbm-Kn-I-tam- B-b- b-m-sXm-∂pw- Im-Wm≥- I-g-n-bp-I-bn-√.-

F-√m- A¿-Y-Øn-epw- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-b- H-cp- K-Ÿ-am-Wv- Jp¿B≥-

F∂p- ]-d-bm≥- ]-‰p-tam?-.-

A-sX-,- Jp¿-B≥- F-√m- A¿-Y-Ø-n-epw- ]m-tbm-K-n-I-am-b- H-cp- K-

Ÿam-Wv-.- am-\-h- k-aq-l-sØ- k-Xy-Øn-s‚-bpw- [¿-a-Øn-s‚-b-pw- am-

¿-K-Øn-eq-sS- \-bn-®p-sIm-≠v- sF-Iy-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-sb-∂- th-Z-K-Ÿ-

Øn-s‚- ]-c-a- ]-[m-\-am-b- e-£yw- km-£m¬-I-c-n-°m-\p-X-Ip-∂- Hscm‰-

K-Ÿw- am-X-sa- C-∂v- \n-e\n¬°p-∂p-≈q.- A-Xv- Jp¿-B-\m-Wv-.- A-Xv-

]-Z-m-\w- sN-øp-∂- [m¿-an-I- \n-b-a-ßƒ- \q-dp-i-X-am-\-hpw- ]m-tbm-Kn-

I-am-Wv.- [m¿-an-I-X-bn¬- A-[-n-jv-Tn-X-am-b- H-cp- km-aq-ly- kw-hn-[-m-\-

Øn-s‚- \n¿-an-Xn-°m-h-i-y-am-b- ]m-tbm-Kn-I- \n-b-a-ßƒ- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv-

Jp¿-B≥- am-X-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw-.-

Jp¿-B≥- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW-∂-Xn-\v- F-¥m-Wv- sX-fn-hv?-

Jp¿-B≥- kr-jv-Sn-®- hn-π-h-am-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- ]m-tbm-Kn-am-sW∂p-

≈-Xn-\p-≈- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- sX-f-n-hv-.- Jp¿-B\n-s‚-- A-h-X-c-WØn\v-

38 39


ap-ºpw- ]n-ºp-ap-≈- A-td-_y≥- k-aq-l-Øn-s‚- A-h-ÿ-Iƒ- ]-cn-tim-

[-n-®m¬- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-X- \-ap-°v- t_m-[y-am-Ipw.-

A-‘-hn-izm-k-ß-ƒ- k-r-jv-Sn-®- A[-a-Xzw- t]-dn-s°m-≠n-cp--∂,- aZy-

Øn-epw- a-Zn-cm-£n-bn-epw- a-b-ßn-°n-S-∂n-cp-∂-,- tKm-X- a-ln-a-bp-sS- t]

cn¬- X-Ωn-e-Sn-®v- tNm-c-Nn-¥p-∂-Xn¬- bm-sXm-cp- ssh-a-\-ky-hpan-√mXn-

cp-∂,- A-dn-hn-s‚- cw-K-Øv- "h- -]q-Pyw'-- am-X-am-bn-cp-∂-,- Nn-In¬-km-- cwK-

Øv- H-∂p-a-√-m-Xn-cp-∂-,- Im¿-jn-I-am-bn- ]n-t∂m-°w- \n-∂n-cp-∂-,- cm-jvSo-

b-hpw- ssk-\n-I-hp-am-bn- A-kw-L-Sn-X-cm-bn-cp-∂- H-cp- k-aq-lw-.- CXm-

Wv- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- A-h-X-c-W-Xn-\p- ap-ºp-≈- A-td-_y-bp-sS- N-n-Xw.--

Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- A-h-X-c-W-Øn-\v- ti-ja-p--≈- Atd-_-y-sb- \mw t\m-

°ptºmƒ- kw-k-v-Im-c-ß-sf- sh-√p-∂- H-cp- ]p-Xn-b- kw-kv-Im-c-Øns‚-

hm-l-I-sc-bm-W-v- \-ap-°-hn-sS- Im-Wm≥- In-gn-bp-∂-Xv.- im-kv-X- kmt¶-

Xn-I- c-w-K-ß-fn¬- A-∂-sØ- A-Xn-Im-b-∑m-cm-b- Ko-°p-Im-sc-°mƒ-

B-c-w-K-Øv- -D-b¿-∂v- \n-¬-°m≥ A-h¿-°v km-[n-®p.- A-e-Ivkm≥-Unb-

sb-°-mƒ- h-en-b- kmw-k-vIm-cn-I- tI-µam-bn- _m-K-v-Zm-Zv- am-dn-.- \q-‰m≠p-

I-fp-sS- cm-jv-So-b- \m-b-I-Xz-ap-≠-m-bn-cp-∂ tdm-an-s\-bpw- t]¿-jy-sb-

bpw- A-h¿- hn-d-∏n-®p.- tKm-X-I-e-l-ß-fn¬- X-Ωn¬- X-√n c-‡w- Nn¥n-

bn-cp-∂- A-d-_n-Iƒ- sF-I-y-Øn-s‚- ]-Xm-I- hm-l-I-cm-bn-Øo¿-∂p.-

[¿-ahpw- A-[¿-a-hpsa-¥m-sW-∂v- A-dn-bm-Xn-cp-∂- A-h¿- [m¿-an-I- XXz-

ß-fp-sS- ]-Nm-c-I-cm-bn- amdn-.- tem-I-Øn-\v- ap-gp-h≥- am-Xr-Im-tbm-Ky-

am-bn- A-td-_y≥- k-aq-l-sØ- am-‰n-sb-Sp-°m≥- hn-ip-≤-Jp¿-B-\v-

km[n-®p.- A-Xpw- tI-h-ew- 23 h¿-jw- sIm-≠v.-

kmw-kv-Im-cn-I- cw-K-Øv- h-´-∏q-Py-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂- H-cp- P-\-X-sb-

sh-dpw- C-cp-]-Øn-aq-∂v- h¿-jßƒ- sIm-≠v- am-\-hn-I-X-bp-sS- ]-c-a

io¿-j-Øn-se-Øn-°p-hm≥- I-gn-™- K-Ÿ-am-Wv- Jp¿-B≥-.- C-Xn-\p-

Xp-e-y-am-bn- te-m-I-sØ- ]-cn-h¿-Øn-∏n-°p-hm≥- I-gn-™ -a-s‰m-cp- KŸw-

am-\-h-N-cn-X-Øn-se-hn-sS-bpap-≠-m-bn- n-√.-a-\p-jy-sc- t\¿-am¿-K-Øn-te

°v- \-bn-°p-∂- hn-j-b-Øn¬- Jp¿-B-\-n-s\- t]m-se- ]m-tbm-Kn-I-amb-

a-s‰m--cp- c-N-\-bp-an-s√-∂- h-kv-Xp-X-bm-Wv- C-hn-sS- hy-‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv.-

Jp¿-B\n-se- \n-b-a-ß-fn-te-sX-¶n-epw- A-]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW-∂v-

h-kv-Xp-\n-jv-T-am-bn- sX-fn-bn-°p-hm≥- A-Xn-s‚- hn-a¿-i-I-¿-s°m-∂pw-

I-gn-bp-∂n-s√-∂-Xm-Wv hm-kv-X-hw.-

A-am-\p-jn-I-X-:-

k¿-h-i-‡-\m-b- k-jv-Sm-h-n-\m¬- \n-bp-‡-cm-hp-∂- ]-hm-N-∑m¿

°v- X-ß-fp-sS- ]-hm-N-I-X-z-Øn-s‚- k-Xy-X- P-\-ß-sf- t_m-[-y-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂-Xn-\m-bn- Nn-e- A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm-¥-ßƒ- ssZ-hw- \¬-I-n-bn-

cp-∂-Xm-bn- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ßfn¬- \n-∂v- a-\- n-em-°m≥- I-gn-bpw.- A-h¿-

Po-hn-®n-cp-∂- k-aq-lØn-se- P-\-ßƒ-°v- A-h-cp-sS- ]-hm-N-I-Xz

sØIp-dn-®- -A-h-Im-i-hm-Zw- i-cn- X-s∂-bm-sW-∂v- t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-ØpI

bm-bn-cp-∂p ]-kv-Xp-X- Zr-jvSm-¥-ß-fp-sS- D-Zv-tZ-iyw.- aq-km- \-_n°v-(A)-

°v- \¬-Is∏-´ k¿-∏-am-bn- am-dp-∂- h-Sn- H-cp-Zm-l-c-Wam-Wv-. a-cn®-h-

sc- Po-hn-∏n-°p-hm≥ tb-ip-hn-\v- \¬-In-b- Ign-hv- a-s‰-m-cp-Zm-l-cWw.-

C-Ø-cw- A-¤p-X-ßƒ- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cp-sS- P-o-h-n-X- Im-e-Øp-am-Xw-

\n-e-\n∂-h-bm-Wv.- A-h¿-°-p-ti-jw- B- A-¤p-X-ß-sfm-∂pw- \n-e-\n∂n-

´n-√.- \n-e-\n¬-°p-I-bp-an-√.- A-¥n-a- ]-hm-N-I-\n-eq-sS- sh-fn-s∏-´- A

¤pX-Øn-s‚- ÿ-Xn-bn-X-√-.- A-Xv- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- Zu-Xyw t]m-se-

Ø-s∂- A-h-km-\-\m-fp-h-sc- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- Jp¿-B\m-Wv- ]kv-

Xp-X- A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm-¥w.- A-h-km-\- \m-fp-h-sc-bp-≈- B¿-°pw-

Jp¿-B≥- ]-c-n-tim-[n-°mw.-- A-Xn-se- A-¤p-X-ßƒ- B-kz-Zn-°mw.- Aß-

s\- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)-bp-sS- ]hm-N-I-X-zw- k-Xy-amtWm-sb-∂v- Xo¿-

®-s∏-Sp-Ømw.- Htc- k-a-bw- th-Z-K-Ÿ-hpw- A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm-¥-

hp-am-b- J-p¿-B≥- A-h-km-\-sØ- \m-fp-h-sc- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂- A-¤p-

X-ß-fp-sS- A-¤p-am-Wv.-

Jp¿-B-\n-s\- A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm-¥-am-°p-∂-sX-¥m-Wv?-

Jp¿-B-\n-se- B-i-b-ß-fpw- ssi-e-n-bpw- `m-j-bp-sa-√mw- A-¤p-

Xw -X-s∂-bm-Wv.- A-d-_v- km-ln-Xy-Øn-se- A-Xn-Im-b-∑m¿-°n-S-bn-te-

°m-Wv- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- A-h-X-c-Ww.- ]-Xn-\m-ev- \-q-‰m-≠p-ap-º-sØ- Ihn-

X-Iƒ- A-d-_v- km-ln-Xy-Øn-se- am-k-v-‰¿- ]o-kp-I-fm-Wn-∂pw.- A-h-¿-

°n-S-bn¬- P-\-n-®p- h-f¿-∂- H-cp- \n-c-£-c-\n-eq-sS-bm-Wv Jp¿-B≥- tem

Iw- i-hn-°p-∂-Xv-.- A-t±-l-am-I-s´- \m¬-]X-p-h-b- p-h-sc- bm-sXm--cp-

km-ln-Xym- n-cp-Nn-bpw Im-Wn-°m-Ø -hy-‡n-bpw-.- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- kmln-

Xy-ta-∑sb-- kw-_-‘n-®v- A-Xv- A-h-X-cn-°-s∏-´- k-aq-l-Øn¬- A-`n-

]m-b-hy--Xym-k-ap-≠-m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- h-n-izm-kn-Ifpw- A-hn-i-zm-kn-I-fp-amb-

A-d-_nI-sf-√mw- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- D-∂-X-am-b- km-ln-Xy-aq-eyw- Aw-Ko-I-

40 41


cn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.- A-Xv- am-c-W-am-sW-∂pw- ss]-im-Nn-I- h-N-\-

ß-fm-sW-∂pw ]-d-™-v- A-X-n-s‚- ssZ-hn-I-X- Aw-Ko-I-c-n-°m-sX- amd-n-

\n¬-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p A-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- sN-bv-XsX-∂p-am-Xw.-

Jp-ssd-in- tKm-X-t\-Xm-hpw- A-d-_n- km-ln-Xy-Øn-se- A-P-ø-\p-

am-bn-cp-∂- hm-eo-Zp-_v-\p- ap-Ko-d-tbm-Sv- Jp¿-B-\n-s\-Xn-sc-- ]-c-ky- ]kv-

Xm-h-\ -\-S-Ø-W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏- - A-_q-P-l-en-\v- A-t±-lw- \¬-Inb-

a-dp-]-Sn- i-t≤-b-am-Wv.- "Rm-s\-¥m-Wv- ]-d-tb-≠-Xv?- K-Zy-Øn-epw- ]Zy-

Øn-epw- Pn-∂p-I-fp-sS- Im-h-y-ß-fn-epw- A-d-_-n-`m-j-bp-sS- a-t‰s-Xm-c-p-

km-ln-Xy- im-Jb-n-epw \n-ßsf°mƒ- F-\n-°v- A-dn-hp-≠v-;- ssZ-h-

amWv- k-Xyw-!- Cu- a-\p-jy≥- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂- h-N-\ß-ƒ-°v- A-h-bn¬-

H-∂n-t\m-Spw- - -km-Zr-iy-an-√.- ssZ-h-am-sW,- A-h-s‚- h-N-\-ßƒ-°v-

hn-kv-a-bm-h-l-am-b- H-cp- am-[p-c-y-hpw- ]-tX-y-I-am-b- H-cp- `w-Kn-bp-ap-

≠v. -A-Xn-s‚- sIm-ºp-I-fpw- Nn-√-I-fpw- ^-e-ßƒ- -\n-d-™-Xpw- ap-c-Sv-

]-in-a-bm¿-∂- a-Æn¬- Du-∂n- \-¬-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.- Xo¿-®-bmb-pw C-Xv-

k¿h h-N-\-ß-sf-°m-fpw- D-∂-X-am-Wv.- A-Xn-s\- Xm-gv-Øn°m-Wn-°m≥-

as‰m-cp- h-N-\-Øn-\pw- km-[-y-a-√.- A-Xn-s‚- Io-gn¬- A-I-s∏-Sp-∂- k-

I-e-Xns\-bpw- A-Xv- X-I¿-Øv-I-f-bpw,-- Xo¿-®.-'-

Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- ssi-e-n-bpw- `m-j-bpw- km-ln-Xy-hp-sa-√mw- A-Xp-

ey-am-Wv.- A-\p-I-c-W-Øn-\v- A-Xo-X-am-Wv.- A-Xn-kp-µ-c-am-Wv.- Jp¿-B-

\n-se- Hm-tcm- k-q-‡-hpw- A-Xy-m-I¿-j-I-hpw- tim-Xm-hn-s‚-- a-\- n¬-

am‰-Øn-s‚- th-e-n-tb-‰-a-p-≠m-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.- C-Xv- A-d-_n-b-dn-bm-hp∂-

B-[p-\n-I-cpw- ]u-cm-WnI-cpam-b- hn-a¿-i-Isc-√mw- k-Ω-Xn-®n-´p-≈-

XmWv.-

H-cp- Im-c-yw- A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm-¥-am-Ip-∂-Xv- A-Xv- A-P-ø-am-Ip-

tºm-gm-Wv.- ta-m-si-]-hm-N-I≥- X-s‚- h-Sn- \n-e-Øn-´-t∏mƒ- A-Xv- D-K-

k¿-∏-am-bn- amd-n-.- ]-kv-Xp-X- ssZ-hn-I-Zr-jv-Sm-¥-tØm-Sv- a-’-cn-°m\mbn-

h-∂ am-¥n-I-∑m-cp-sS- h-Sn-I-fpw- I-b-dp-I-fp-sa-√mw- ]-kv-Xp-X- k¿∏w-

hn-gp-ßn-.- C-Xv- Jp¿B\n-epw- ss_-_n-fn-ep-sa-√mw- hn-h-cn-°p-∂p≠v

(Jp¿-B≥- 26:-38˛45,- ]p-d-∏m-Sv- 7:- 11˛13)-.-

J-p¿-B≥- -D-∂-X-am-b- km-ln-Xy-\n-e-hm-cw- ]p-e¿-Øp-I-bpw -a-\pjy-

a-\- p-I-sf- kzm-[o-\n-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.- A-tXm-sS-m-∏w- A-Xv- am-\

h-cm-in-tbm-Sv- A-Xyp-÷-e-am-b- sh-√p-hn-fn- \-S-Øp-∂p.- A-Xn-\v -kam¥-

c-am-b-- H-cp- c-N-\- \n¿-hln-°p-hm-\m-Wv- ]-kv-Xp-X- sh-√p-hn-fn.- Cu-

sh-√p-hn-fn-°p-ap-ºn¬- a-‰p- km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-sf-√mw- tam-si-bp-sS- k¿-

∏n-Øn-\p- ap-ºn-se- am-¥n-I-∏m-ºp-I-sf-t∏m-se- \n- -lm-b-cm-bn- \n¬-

°p-I-bm-Wv.-

Jp¿-B≥- B-Zyw- sh-√p-hn-fn-®-Xv- A-tX-t]m-se- H-cp- K-Ÿw- sIm

≠p-h-cp-hm-\m-Wv.- Jp¿-B≥- ]-d-™p-:- "]-d-bp-I-:- Cu- Jp¿-B≥- t]m

sem-∂v- sIm≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn-∂m-bn- a-\p-jy-cpw- P-n-∂p-I-fpw- H-∂n-®p-tN¿

∂m-epw- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- A-Xp-t]m-sem-∂v- A-h¿- sIm-≠p-h-c-p-I-bn-√.-

A-h-cn¬- Nn-e¿- Nn-e¿-°p- ]n-¥p-W- \¬-Ip-∂-h-cm-bm¬- t]m-epw-'--

(17:-88)-.-

Jp-¿B-\n-\v- Xpe-y-am-b- H-cp- H-cp- K-Ÿw- sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-X-n-\v-

th≠n-bp-≈- sh-√p-hn-fn-°p-ap-ºn¬- A-d-_n- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-sc-√w-

ap- p-a-S-°n-.- F-¶n-epw- Jp¿-B≥- sI- n-®-a-®-Xm-sW-∂pw- am-c-W-am-sW-

∂pap-≈- ]-Nm-c-W-ßƒ- A-h¿- Xp-S¿-∂p.-- A-h-tcm-Sv- A-Xv- ho-≠pw-

sh-√p-hn-fn-®p-:- "A-X-√,- A-t±-lw- A-Xv- sI- n-®-a-®p-sh-∂m-tWm- Ah¿-

]-d-bp-∂-Xv-?- F-∂m¬- C-Xp-t]m-ep-≈- ]-Øv- B-[y-m-b-ß-ƒ- N-a-®p-≠m-

°n-b-Xv- \n-ßƒ- sIm-≠p-h-cq-.- A-√m-lp-hn-\v- ]p-d-sa- \n-ß-sf- klm-

bn-°p-∂-h-scsb-√mw- \n-ßƒ- hn-fn-®p-sIm-≈p-I-bpw- sN-øp-I.- \n-ßƒ-

k-Xy-hm-∑m-cm-sW-¶-n¬-- (10:-13)-.-

Jp¿-B-\-n-se- ]-Øv- A-[ym-b-ßƒ-°v- Xp-e-y-am-b A-[ym-b-ß-sf¶n-

epw- c-Nn-®p-sIm-≠v- A-Xv- a-\p-jy-\-n-¿-an-X-am-sW-∂- hm-Zw- ÿm-]n°p-

hm-\p-≈- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- sh-√p-hn-fn-°v- D-Ø-cw- \¬-Im≥- k-a-Im-en-

I-cm-b- a-\p-jy¿-s°m-∂pw- I-gn-™n-√.- F-∂m¬- A-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- Jp¿

B≥- a-p-l-Ω-Zn-s‚-- c-N-\-bm-sW-∂- ]-Nm-c-Ww- \n¿-Øn-b-Xp-an-√.

At∏m-ƒ -Jp¿-B≥ -ho-≠pw- ]-d-™p:- "A-X-√- A-t±-lw- A-Xp- sI-´n

®-a-®p-sh-∂m-tWm \n-ß-ƒ-- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv-?- ]-d-bp-I-:- F-∂m¬- A-Xn-\p-

Xpey--am-b- H-cp- A-[ym-bw \n-ßƒ-- sIm-≠p-h-cq.- A-√m-l-p-hn-\v- ]-p-d

sa- \n-ßƒ-°v- km-[n-°-p-∂-h-sc-sb-√mw- hn-fn-®p-sIm-≈p-I-bpw- sNøp-

I.- \n-ßƒ- k-Xy-hm-∑m-cm-sW-¶n¬'- (10:-38)-.-

Cu- sh-√p-hn-fn-Iƒ-s°m-∂n-\p-w- a-dp-]-Sn- \¬-Ip-hm≥- A-∂p- Pohn-

®n-cp-∂- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m¿-s°m-∂pw I-g-n--™n-√.- A-h-cn¬- ]-e-cpw-

A-Xn-\p- i-a-n-®p-sh-¶n-epw- ]-cm-P-b-s∏- p- ]n≥-hm-tß-≠n- h-∂p.- Jp¿-

42 43


B≥- A-h-km-\-\m-fp-h-sc-bp-≈- a-p-gp-h≥- a-\-p-jy¿-°p-a-≈- Zr-jv-Sm¥-

am-W-s√m.- A-Xp-sIm-≠v- X-s∂- ap-gp-h≥- am-\-h-k-aq-l-tØm-Sp-am-bn-

Cu- sh-√p-hn-fn- H-cn-°¬- Iq-Sn- B-h¿-Øn-®p.- ""\-Ωp-sS- Zm-k-\v- \mw-

A-h-X-cn-∏n-®-p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xn-s\-∏-‰n- \n-ßƒ- kw-i-bm-e-p-°-fm-sW-¶n¬-

A-Xn-t‚-Xp-t]m-ep-≈- H-c-[ym-b-sa-¶n-epw- \n-ßƒ- sIm-≠p-h-cn-I-.- A√m-

lp-hn-\v- ]p-d-sa- \n-ßƒ-°p-≈- k-lm-bn-I-sf-bpw- h-n-fn-®p-sIm-≈pI.-

\n-ßƒ- k-Xyhm-∑m-cm-sW-¶n¬-.- \n-ßƒ-°Xv- sN-øm-\m-bns-√-¶n¬-

˛ \n-ßƒ-°-Xv- H-cn-°-epw- sN-øm≥- I-gn-bp-I-bn-√˛ a-\p-jy-cpw- I-√p

I-fpw- C-‘-\-am-bn- I-Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- \-c-Im-·n-sb- \n-ßƒ- Im-Øp-

kq-£n-®p-sIm-≈p-I-.- k-Xy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ-°p- th-≠n- H-cp-°-s∏- -X-mIp-

∂p- A-Xv''- (2:-23,-24).-

ssZ-h-sam-gn-®p-≈- ap-gp-h≥- t]-cpw- H-cp-an-®p-Iq-Sn-bm¬- t]m-epw-

Jp¿-B\n-se -G-‰-hpw- sN-dn-b- A-[ym-b-Øn-\p- Xp-ey-am-b- H-cp- c-N-\-

t]m-epw- sIm-≠p-h-cm≥- I-gn-bn-s√-∂m-Wv- sh-√p-hn-fn-.- Cu- sh-√-p-hnfn-

°v- D-Ø-cw- \¬-Im≥- A-td-_y≥- km-ln-Xy- X-d-hm- n-se- Im-c-W-h∑m¿-

°v- I-gn-™n-√.- C-∂pw- B- sh-√p-h-fn- tem-I-Øn-\p-ap-ºn¬- kv-]-jv-S-

am-bn- \-n-e-\n¬-°p-∂p.-am-\-h-cm-in-bp-sS- I¿-W-]p-S-ß-fn¬- Jp-¿-B\n-

s‚ sh-√p-h-fn- A-e-b-Sn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- a-‰p-th-ZK-Ÿ-ß-fp-sS-

`m-j-I-sf-t∏m-se- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- m-j- H-cp- \n¿-÷o-h- m-j-b-√.- AXv-

k-Po-h-am-b-sbm-cp- kw-km-c- m-j-bm-Wv.- A-d-_n- kw-km-cn-°p-∂-hcmb-

H-cp-]m-Sv- A-ap-kv-en-w-I-fp-≠v.- C-kv-em-an-s‚- I-Tn-\- h-n-tcm-[n-I-fm-b- Ipsd-

-A-d-_n- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-¿- C-∂p-ap-≠v.- A-h¿-s°m-∂pw- X-s∂- Jp¿B-

\n-s‚- Cu- sh-√p-hn-f-n-°p- a-dp-]-Sn- \¬-Im≥- I-gn-™n- n-√.- C-\n-sbm v-

I-gn-bp-I-bp-an-√.

Jp¿-B≥- tI-h-e-am-b- H-cp- am-\p-jn-I- c-]-\-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬-

C-Ø-c-sam-cp- sh-√-p-hn-fn- \-S-Øm≥- A-X-n-\p- km-[n-°p-am-bncp-∂--n-√.-

a\p-jy--¿- ap--gp-h≥- H-∂-n-®p- tN¿-∂m¬- t]m-epw- X-s‚- c-N-\-bn-se-

Hcp- A-[ym-b-Øn-\p- Xp-ey-am-b- H-sc-Æw- sIm-≠p-h-cm≥- I-gn-bn-s√∂v-

]-d-bm≥- H-cp- a-\p-jy-\v- ss[-cyw- h-cp-∂-sX-ß-s\-?- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚

Aam-\p-jn-IX ]ISam-°s∏Sp-∂Xv- Cu- sh√p-hn-fn-bm-Wv.- Cu- sh√p-

hn-fn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh¶n¬- Jp¿-B\n-I km-ln-Xy-Øn-\p- am-Xam-bn-

A-am-\p-jn-I-X-bp-s≠-∂v- ]-d-bm≥- I-gn-bp-I-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂¿Yw;-

a-t‰-Xv- D-∂-X-am-b- km-ln-Xy- Ir-Xn-sb-bpw- t]m-se.-

km-aq-ly-am-‰-Øn-\v- \n-an-Ø-am-Ip-∂- co-Xn-bn¬- hy-‡n-sb- ]-cnh¿-

Øn-∏n-°p-hm≥- I-gn-bp-∂-XmI-W-w- km-ln-Xy-sa-∂- ho-£-W-Øn-s‚-

A-f-hp-tIm¬- D-]-tbm-Kn-®-v- ]-cn-tim-[-n-®mepw-- Jp-¿-B≥- H-cp- Ip-‰-a-‰-

km-ln-Xy- Ir-Xn-bm-sW-∂v- ]-d-bp-hm≥- I-gn-bpw-.- tim-Xm-hn-s‚- _p≤n-

°v- Xr-]v-Xn-bpw- a-\- n-\v- k-am-[m-\-hpw- \¬-Ip-∂-tXm-sSm∏w- A-hs‚-

lr-Z-b-Øn¬- am‰-ßƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°p-I-bpw- Iq-Sn- sN-øp-∂-h-bm-Wv- Jp¿-

B≥- kq-‡ßƒ.- a-\p-jy-a-\- p-I-sf- k-zm-[o-\n-°p-hm-\pw- A-h-bn¬-

]-cn-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-s‚-- B-tµm-f-\-ßƒ- kr-jv-S-n-°p-hm-\p-ap-≈- Jp¿B-

\-n-s‚- I-gn-hv- A-Xn-s‚- ]e k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wv.-

ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)- H-cn-°¬- I-Av-_-bp-sS- k-ao-]w- sh-®v- --Jp-¿-

B≥- ]m-cm-b-Ww-sN-øp-I-bm-Wv.- ti-m-Xm-°fn¬- ap-kv-en-w-I-fpw- A-ap

kv-en-w-I-fp-sa-√m-ap-≠-v.- kq-d-Øp-∂-Pv-an-se- km-jv-Sm-w-K-Ø-n-s‚- kq-‡w-

Hm-Xn-s°m-≠n-cn-s°- A-√m-lp-hn-s‚-- I¬-]-\- ]-Im-cw- \-_n-(k)- km-

jv-Smw-K-w- sN-bv-Xp.- A-hn-sS- Iq-Sn-bn-cp-∂- ap-gp-h≥- B-fp-I-fpw- km-jv-

Smw-Kw- sN-bv-Xp-t]m-bn-.- D-a-øXp-_v-\p- J-e-^v- F∂- A-l-¶m-cn-sbm-gn-

sI.- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- k-zm-[o-\- i-‡n- !- A-Xn-s‚-- I-Tn-\- hn-tcm-[n-Iƒ-

t]m-epw- A-Xn-s‚- B-⁄-b-\p-k-cn-®v- km-jv-Smw-Kw- sN-bp-∂- A-hÿ!!-

e-_n-Zp-_v-\p- d-_o-Ax- \-_n-(k)-bp-sS- Im-e-Øv- A-td-_y-bn-se-

A-Xn- ]-K¤-\m-b- km-ln-Xy-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p.- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- A-Xn-

kp-µ-c-am-b- H-cp- I-hn-X- I-Av-_-bp-sS- hm-Xn-en≥ta¬- ]-‰n-®p-sh-®n-

cp-∂p.- A-ß-s\- sh-°p-∂-Xv- H-c-p- sh-√p-hn-fn-bm-Wv.- ]-kv-Xp-X- I-hn

X-sb- sh-√-p-hm≥- B¿-s°-¶n-epw- I-gn-bp-tam-sb-∂m-Wv- sh-√p-hn-fn.-

A-hn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂- H-cp- I-hn-°pw- A-Xn-∂-Sp-Øv- H-cp- I-hn-X- H´n®v-

sh-°m≥- ss[-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- A-X-bv-°v- a-t\m-l-c-am-bn-cp-∂p-

B -I-hn-X-.- F-∂m¬- A-Xn-\-Sp-Øp- X-s∂- G-Xm-\pw- J-p-¿-B≥- kq-

‡-ßƒ- F-gp-Xn-Øq-°p-hm≥- ]-hm-N-Im-\p-N-c-∑m¿- X-bm-dm-bn-.- X-

s‚- sh-√phn-fn-°v- D-Ø-cw- \¬-In-b-h-s\- ]-cn-l-kn-°m-\p-≈- shº-

tem-sS- e-_o-Zv- Jp¿-B≥- h-N-\ß-ƒ- hm-bn-®p.- G-Xm-\-pw- h-N-\-ßƒ-

hm-bn-®-tX-bp-≈q-.- A-t±-lw- Jp-¿-B-\-n-s‚- h-i-y-X-bn¬- B-Ir-jv-S-

\m-bn- C-kv-em-w- a-Xw- kzo-I-cn-®p.- ]p-Nv-O-tØm-sS- t\m-°p-∂-h-s‚-

a\- n¬- t]m-epw- am-‰w- kr-jv-Sn-°p--hm-\p-≈- Jp-¿-B-\-n-s‚- I-gn-hmWv-

C-hn-sS- ]-I-S-am-b--Xv.

D-a-dp-_v-\p¬- J-Xz-m-_n-s‚- C-kv-emw- B-t«j-w- N-cn-X-]-kn-≤-

44 45


am-Wv.- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)- bp-sS X-e-sb-Sp-°-p-hm-\m-bn- Du-cn-b- hmfpw-

sIm≠v- ]p-d-s∏-´- D-a-dn-(d)-s‚ a-\- v- am-‰n-b-Xv k-tlm-Z-cn-bn¬- \n-

∂pw- e-`n-®- -e-IØn-se- Jp¿-B≥- h-N-\-ß-fp-sS- h-iy-X-bpw- B-i-

b-Kmw- o-cyhp-am-bn-cp-∂p.-

P-p-ss_-dp-_v-\p- a-Iv-Xq-w- F-∂ _-lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn- H-c-n-°¬-

h-gn-bn-eq-sS- \-S-∂p-t]m-h-p-I-bm-Wv.- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k) -a-Kv-c-n-_v- \-a

kv-Im-c-Øn¬- kq-d-Øp- Xzq¿- Hm-Xn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- A-t±-lw- tI´p.-

A-Xn-se- Hm-tcm- ]-Z-hpw- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- lr-Z-b-Øn¬- ]-Xn-™p.- AXn-

s‚- a-t\m-l-m-cn-X- A-t±-l-sØ B-I¿-jn-®p.- A-Xn-s‚- kzm-[o-\-Øn¬-

A-t±-lw- A-Xn-i-bn-®p.- A-hn-sS- sh-®p-X-s∂- A-t±-lw- C-kv-emw- kzoI-

cn-®p.- C-ß-s\- F-X-sb-X- kw-`-h-ßƒ!-

Jp¿-B-\n-s‚ a-t\m-l-c-hpw- h-iy-hp-am-b- ssi-en-sb-∏-‰n- a-°m-

ap-iv-cn-°p-Iƒ- t_m-[-hm-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p.- ]-kv-Xp-X- a-t\m-lm-cn-X-bmWv-

]m-c-º-cya-X-Øn¬- \n-∂v- P-\-ßƒ- sIm-gn-™p- t]m-Ip-hm≥- C-S-bm-

°p-∂-Xv- F-∂v- A-h¿-°v- A-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.- \m-Sp-hn-Sm-s\m-cp-ßn-b-

A-_q-_-°ƒ- (d)- s\- Xn-cn-®p- sIm-≠p-h-∂- C-_v-\p-Zp-Kv-\-tbm-Sv- a°m-

\-n-hm-kn-Iƒ-- ]-d-™-Xv- C-]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p.- "A-_-q-_-°¿- D-d-s°-

Jp¿-B≥- ]m-cm-b-W-w- sN-øp-I-bpw- R-ß-fp-sS- kv-Xo-I-fpw- Ip- n-Ifpw-

A-Xv- tIƒ-°p-hm≥- C-Sh-cn--I-bpw- sN-ø-cp-X.-v- F-¶n¬- am-X-sa- C-hn-

sS- Xm-a-k-am-°m≥- A-_q-_-°-dn-s\- R-ß-ƒ- A-\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bp-≈q.'-

Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- Cu- k-zm-[o-\- i-‡n-bm-W-t√m- P-\-ß-sf- C-kv-em-

an-te-°v- B-I¿-jn-®-Xv-.- A-‘-Im-c-Øn-s‚- A-Km-[- K¿-Ø-ß-fn¬- Pohn-

®n-cp-∂- H-cp- ka-q-l-sØ- tI-h-ew- 23 h¿-j-°m-ew- sIm-≠v- tem-I-

Øn-\v- ap-gp-h≥- am-Xr-Im-tbm-Ky-cm-b k-a-p-Zm-b-am-°n-b-Xn-\v- ]n-∂n¬-

]-h¿-Øn-®-Xv- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- Cu- A-am-\p-jn-I-X-bm-bn-cp-∂-sh-∂-XmWv-

k-Xyw.-

]-h-N-\-ßƒ-

sk-an-‰n-Iv- a-X- K-Ÿ-ß-fpw- ]-h-N-\-ß-fp-am-bn- A-t -Zy-am-b- _‘-

ap-≠v-.- ssZ-h-Zq-X-∑msc- ]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- F-∂m-W-v- hn-fn-®v- h-∂n-cp-∂-Xv

F-∂- Im-cyw- ]-tXyIw- i-t≤-b-am-Wv-.- m-hn-bn¬- \-S-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂-

]-e- Im-cy-ß-fpw- ap≥-Iq-ń- ]-d-™- ]-e- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-scbpw--°p-d-n-®v-

ss_-_nƒ- ]-g-b- \n-b-aw- \-ap-°v- ]-d-™p-X-cp-∂p-≠-v.- ssZ-h-Øm¬-

\-n-tbm-Kn°-s∏-´- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cpw- I-≈- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cpw- X-Ωn-ep-≈-

]-[-m-\-s∏-´- h-Xym-k-am-bn- ss_-_nƒ- ]-g-b- \n-b-aw- ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂-Xv- ]-h-N-\-ß-fm-Wv.- k-Xy-]-hmN-I-s‚- ]-h-N-\-ßƒ- ]p-e-cp-

tºmƒ- I-≈- ]-hm-N-I-s‚- ]-h-N-\-ßsfm-∂pw b-Ymcq-]-Øn¬- kw

`-hn-°p-I-bn-s√-∂m-Wv- ss_-_nƒ- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- bn-c-aym- ]hm-N-

I≥- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv- Im-Wp-I-:- "k-am-[m-\w- ]-h-Nn-°p-∂- ]-hm-N-I-s‚-

Im-cy-Øn-e-m-I-s - A-bm-fp-sS- h-N-\w- k-Xy-am-b-n-Øo-cp-tºmƒ- A-bm-

sf- I¿-Øm-hv- A-b-®-Xm-Wv- F-∂-v- A-dn-bmw- (b-n-c-ay-m- 28:-29)-.-

H-cp- ]-hm-N-I≥- ssZ-hn-I- \n¿-tZ-i]-Im-c-am-tWm- kw-km-cn-°p∂

Xv- F-∂v- A-dn-bp-hm-\p-≈- am-\-Z-fi-am-bn- ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂X-pw-

]-h-N-\-ßfp-sS- ]q¿-Øo-I-c-W-am-Wv.- B-h¿-Ø-\- ]p-kv-X-Iw- ]-Tn-

∏n-°p-∂p.- :-"H-cp- ]-hm-N-I≥- I¿-Øm-hn-s‚- \m-a-Øn¬- kw-km-cn-®-n

´v- B- h-N-\w bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-Im-Xn-cn-°p-I-tbm- kw-`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I-

tbm- sN-bv-Xm¬-,- B- h-N-\-w- -I¿-Øm-hv- A-c-pƒ- sN-bv-Xn-´p-≈-X-√.-

]-hm-N-I-≥- A-X-v- tXm-∂ym-k-am-bn- ]-d-™-Xm-Wv.- \o- A-bm-sf- `-b

s∏-tS-≠-Xn-√ -(B-h¿-Ø-\w 18:-22)-.-

]-hm-N-I-∑m-sc- Xn-c-n-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn-\v- \n-¿-tZin-°-s∏-´- Cu- am-\-Z

fi-ßƒ- sh-®v- C-∂v- \-n-e-\n¬-°-p-∂- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ßƒ- ]-cn-tim[-\°v-

hn-t[b-am-°-n-bm¬- ]-hm-N-I-∑m-cptS-X-√m-Ø- h-N-\-ßƒ- A-h-cn¬-

B-tc-m-]n-°-s∏- -n- p-t≠m-sb-∂v- a-\- n-em-°m≥- I-gn-bpw.- ssZ-h-Øm¬-

\n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- -h-cm-sW-∂v- D-d-∏p-≈- ]-hm-N-I-∑mcp-tS-Xm-bn- D-≤-cn-

°-s∏-´- h-N-\-ßƒ- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-ń-s√-¶n¬- A-h- H-cn-°-epw-

]-hm-N-I-∑m¿- ]-d-™-h-b-s√∂-pw- A-h-cp-sS- ta¬- B-tcm-]n-°-s∏-

´-h-bm-sW-∂pw- a-\- n-em-°mw.- A-t∏mƒ- A-Xv- D-≤-cn-°p-∂- K-Ÿ-

Øn-s‚- hn-izm-ky-X-°v- a-ßte¬-°p-∂-p.- ]-hm-N-∑m-cp-tS-X-√m-Ø- hN-

\-ßƒ- A-h-cp-sS- t]-cn¬- D-≤-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-∂m-W-t√m- C-Xn-¬-

\n∂v- a-\- -n-em-hp-I.- ]n-s∂-sb-ß-s\-bm-Wv- ]-hm-N-I- ]-t_m-[-\-

ßƒ- a\- n-em-°m-\m-bn- Cu- K-Ÿ-ß-sf- B-i-bn-°p-I?-.-

ss_-_nƒ- ]p-X-n-b- \n-b-a-Øn¬- tb-ip-h-n-t‚-Xm-bn- D-≤-cn-°-s∏-

ń- p-≈- ]-e- ]-h-N-\-ß-fpw- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-°-s∏- n- n-s√-∂v- kq-£v-a- hni-

I-e-\-Øn¬- \n-∂v- k-p-X-cmw t_m-[y-am-Ipw.- tb-ip-hn-t‚-Xm-bn- a-Øm-

bn- D-≤-cn-°p-∂- H-cp- ]-h-N-\w- t\m-°p-I:- "k-Xy-am-bn- Rm≥- \n-ß

tfm-Sv- ]-d-bp-∂p.- bp-K-k-am]-v-Xn-bn-se- ]p-\¿-Po-hn-X-Øn¬-,- a-\p-jy-

46 47


]p-X≥- X-s‚- knw-lm-k-\-Øn¬- D-]-hn-jv-S-\m-Ip-tºmƒ-,- F-s∂- A

\pK-an-®- \n-ßƒ- C-km-tb-e-n-se-- ]-¥-≠p- tKm-X-ß-sf- hn-[n®-p-sIm-

≠v- ]-¥≠-v- knw-lm-k-\-Øn¬- C-cn-°pw'-- (a-Øm-bn- 19:-28)-.-

tb-ip-hn-s‚- Cu- ]-h-N-\w- X-s‚- A-t∏m-kv-X-e-∑m-sc-°p-dn-®mWv.-

B-scm-s°-bm-Wv- Cu- ]-¥≠v- A-t∏m-kv-X-e-∑m¿-?- a-Øm-bn- ]-d-bp∂p:

-"]-tXm-kv- F-∂p-hn-fn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- in-a-tbm≥,- A-bm-fp-sS- k-tlm-Zc≥-

B-¥tbm-kv,- sk-_-Zn-bp-sS- ]p-X≥- bm-t°m-_v-,- A-bm-fp-sS- k-tlmZ-

c-≥- tbm-l-∂m≥-,- -n-e-n-t∏m-kv-,- _¿-Ø-tem-an-tbm-,- tXm-a-kv-,- Np-¶°m-

c≥- a-Øm-bn-,- l¬-ssh-bp-sS- ]-p-X≥- bm-t°m-_v-,- X-±-tbm-kv,- Im\m≥-

Im-c\m-b- in-a-tbm≥,- tb-ip-hn-s\- H-‰n-s°m-Sp-Ø- bq-Zm- C-kv-°-dn-

bm-Øv'-- (a-Øm-bn- 10:-2˛4)-.-

tb-ip-hn-s‚- ]-¥-≠v- i-n-jy-∑m-cn¬- H-cm-fm-Wv--- A-t±-l-sØ- H‰n-

s°m-Sp-Ø- bq-Zm-kv.- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- Cu- bq-Zm-kv- A-S-

°-ap-≈- ]-¥≠v- in-jy-∑m¿ C-kv-d-m-tb-en-s‚- ]-¥-≠-v- -tKm-X-ßsf-

hn-[n-®p-sIm-≠v- ]-¥≠v- knw-lm-k-\-ß-fn¬- C-cn-°p-sa-∂v- tb-ip-

]-h-Nn-®p-sh-∂m-Wv a-Øm-bn- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv.- tb-ip-hn-s‚- Im-e-ØpXs∂-

Cu- ]-h-N-\w- s]m-fn-™p-sh-∂-t√- C-Xn-\¿-∞w.- ssZ-h-Zm-k-\m-b-

tb-ip-hn-s\- H-‰n-sIm-Sp-°p-I- h-gn- ssZ-h-tIm-]-Øn-\v- \n-an-Øam-bh-

\mbm-Wv - kp-hn-ti-j-ß-fp-sS- A-h-km-\-`m-K-hpw- A-t∏m-kv--X-e- ]-

h¿-Øn-I-fp-sa-√mw- bq-Zm-kn-s\- ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.- k-z-¥w- Kp-cp-

hn-s\- H-‰n-sIm-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠v- im-]K-ÿ-\m-b- bq-Zm-kv- ]p-\cp∞-m-

\-\m-fn¬ C-k-m-bo-en-s‚- H-cp- tKmX-Øn-\v- \-ym-bw- hn-[n-®p-sI-m-≠v-

knwlm-k-\-Ønen-cn-°p-sa-t∂m?- C-√-,- A-sXm-cn-°-ep-≠m-hp-I-bn-√-

sb-∂v- tbip-hn-s\- B-Z-cn-°p-∂- B-cpw- a-dp-]-Sn- ]-d-bpw.- A-t∏mƒ-

tb-ip-hn-s‚-Xm-bn- a-Øm-bn- D≤-c-n-®n-cn-°p-∂- ]-h-N-\tam?- A-ß-

s\-sbm-cp- ]-h-N-\w- tb-ip- H-cn-°epw- \-S-Øn-bn-´p-≠m-hp-I-bn-√.- \-

S-Øn-sb--∂p-h-∂m¬- A-Xn-\¿-Yw- tb-ip- h-ym-P]-hm-N-I-\m-sW-∂m-

Wv-.- k¿-h-i-‡-\n¬- i-c-Ww!- tb-ip- k-Xy-k-‘-\m-b- ssZ-h-Zq-X-\m-

bn-cp-∂p.- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- t]-cn¬- a-Øm-bn- B-tcm-]n-®- ]-e- hym-P-h-

N-\-ßfn-sem-∂m-Wv- ap-I-fn¬- ]-d-™- ]-h-N-\-sa-∂m-Wv- C-Xn¬- \n-

∂v- \-ap°v- a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv.-

C-tX-t]m-se-Ø-s∂- tb-ip-hn¬- B-tcm-]n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂

as‰mcp- ]-h-N-\-am-Wv- A-t±-l--Øn-s‚- D-bn-¿-sØ-gp-t∂¬-]n-s\- Ipdn-

®p-≈-Xm-sW-∂v- hy-Jym-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂- a-Øm-bn-bp-sS- kp-hn-ti-j-Øn

se- ]-h-N-\w-.- A-Xv- C-ß-s\-bm-Wv.- "Zp-jv-S-hpw- A-hn-izkv-X-hp-am-b-

X-e-ap-d-bm-Wv- A-S-bm-fw- A-t\z-jn-°p-∂-Xv.- tbm-\m- ]-hm-N-I-s‚- AS-

bm-fa-√m-sX- a-s‰-m-cp- A-S-bm-f-hp-w- A-Xn-\p- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-I-b-n-√.- tbm\m-

aq-∂p-cm-hpw- aq-∂-p-]-I-epw- Xn-anw-K-e-Øn-s‚- D-Z-c-Øn¬- B-bn-cp-∂p.-

A-Xp-t]m-se- a-\p-jy-]p-X-\pw- aq-∂p- cm-hpw- aq-∂p-]-I-epw- q-an-bp-sS

D-≈n-em-bn-cn-°pw'- (a-Øm-bn- 12:-39˛40).

X-s‚- Ip-cn-i-p-a-c-W-Øn-\p- ti-jw- aq-∂p-cm-h-pw- aq-∂-p-]-I-epw- I√-

d-bn¬- In-S-°-p-sa-∂pw- ]n-∂n-Sv- D-bn-¿-sØ-gp-t∂¬-°p-sa-∂pw- tb-ip-

]-h-Nn-®-Xm-Wv- C-sX-∂m-Wv- hym-Jym-\w.- C-Xp- i-cn-bm-sW-¶n¬- tb-

ip-hn-s‚- Cu- ]-h-N-\-hpw- sX-‰n-sb-∂m-Wv- h-cn-I.- sh-≈n-bm-gv-N-

kmbm-lv-\-tØm-sS-bm-Wv- tb-ip-hn-s‚- ar-X-tZ-lw- Ip-cn-in¬- \n-

∂nd°n- I-√-d-bn¬- sh-®-sX-∂m-Wv- k-p-hn-ti-j-ß-fn-se- hn-h-c-W-

ßƒ-- kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- Rmb-dm-gv-N- A-Xn-cm-h-n-se-,- C-cp-´m-bn-cn-s°-

Ø-s∂,- a-Kv-Z-e-\-°m-cn- a-dn-b-bpw -at‰ -a-dn-b-bpw- Iq-Sn- I-√-d-°-cn-

In¬- h-∂-t∏mƒ- tb-ip- ]p-\-cp-∞-m-\w- sN-bv-X-Xm-bn- I-≠-Xm-bm-Wv

kp-hn-ti-j-ßƒ- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv.- At∏mƒ- B-sI F-X- cm-hpw- ]-Iepw

tbip- I-√-d-°p-≈n¬- In-S-∂p-?- c-≠p- cm-hpw- H-cp- ]-I-epw- am-Xw.-

sh-≈n-bmgv-N- cm-Xn-.- i-\n-bm-gv-®- ]-I¬-.- i-\n-bmg-N-cm-Xn-.- Rm-dm-gv-N-

]-`m-X-am-b-t∏m-tg-°pw- I-√-d-°p-≈-n¬- \n-∂v- tb-ip-hn-s‚- i-co-cw-

A-]-Xy£-am-bn-cp∂p-sh-∂m-Wv kp-hn-tij-ßƒ- hy--‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.-

At∏m-ƒ- tb-ip- H-cp- ]-I-epw- H-cp- cm-Xn-bpw- am-X-sa- I-√-d-°p-≈n¬-

In-S ∂n-´p-≈q.- " aq-∂v- cm-hpw- aq-∂v- ]-I-epw- `q-an-bp-sS- -D-≈n-em-bn-cn-

°pw-'- F-∂- ]-h-N-\w sX-‰n-sb-∂¿Yw-.-

C-Xn¬- \n-∂v- Xn-I-®pw- hy-Xy-ÿ-am-Wv- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- ÿn-Xn-.-

Jp¿-B≥- \-SØn-b- ]-h-N-\-ßƒ- A-£-cw- ]-Xn- ]p-e¿-∂p-sh-

∂-Xm-Wv- B- hn-ip-≤- th-ZK-Ÿ-Øn-s‚- ]-e- A-am-\p-jn-Im-¤p-Xß-

fn-sem-∂v-.- k-am-[m\w-- ]-h-Nn-°p-∂- ]-hm-N-I-s‚- h-N-\w- k-Xy-ambn-

Øo-cpt-ºmƒ- A-bm-sf- I¿-Øm-hv- A-b-®-Xm-sW-∂v- A-dn-bm-sa-∂-

bn-c-aym- ]-hm-N-I-s‚- Zo¿-L-Z¿-i-\-Øn-s‚- ]q¿-Øo-I-c-Ww- Jp¿-B\n-

s‚- ]-h-N-\-ßfp-sS- ]q¿-Øo-I-c-W-Øn¬- \-ap-°v- Z¿-in-°m≥- Ignbpw.

C-kv-em-an-I- N-cn-X-Ø-n-se- ]-kn-≤-am-sbm-cp- k-‘-n- \-S-°p-I-

bmWv.- X-ß-fp-sS- a-X-tIµa-m-b- I-Av-_- k-µ¿-in-°m-s\-Øn-bt∏mƒ-

48 49


hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- A-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-¬- X-S-b-s∏-´p.- H-cp- k-‘n-bn-te¿-s∏-

Sm≥- ap-kv-en-w-Iƒ- \n¿-_-‘n-X-cm-hp-I-bpw- X-n-I-™- C-Om- w-K-tØmsS-

a-S-ßn-t∏m-hp-I-bpw- sN-bv-X- A-h-k-cw-.- C-\n-sbm-cn-°n-epw- X-ßƒ°v-

a-°-bp-sS- hn-ip-≤- q-a-n-bn-te-°v ]-th-in-°m≥- I-gn-bn-s√-∂v- ap-kvenw-

Iƒ- I-W-°v- Iq-ń-b- k-µ¿-`w-.- "A-√m-lp- D-t±-in-°p-∂- ]-£w,- k-am-

[m-\-Nn-Ø-cm-bn-s°m-≠v- X-e-ap-fi-\w- sN-bv-X-h-cpw- ap-Sn-sh-ń-b-h-

cp-am-bn-s°-m-≠v- \n-ßƒ- H-∂pw- `-b-s∏-Sm-sX- ]-hn-X-am-b- tZ-hm-e-b-

Øn¬- ]th-i-n-°p-I -X-s∂ -sN-øpw-'- (Jp¿-B≥- 48:-27)-.- G-Xm\pw-

h¿-j-ßƒ-°p-≈n¬- X-s∂- Cu- ]-h-N-\w- km-£m-Xv-I-cn-°-s∏-´p-.-

]-hm-N-I-\pw- A-\p-bm-bn-I-fpw- Iq-Sn- c-≠p- h¿-j-ßƒ-°p-ti-jw- kam-

[m-\- Nn-Ø-cm-bn-s°m-≠v- I-Av-_-b-n¬- ]-th-in-°p-I -X-s∂- sN-bvXp.-

ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- A-I-aw- t\-cn-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv-.- A-h¿-°v-

A[n-Im-c-sØ-tbm- B-[-n-]-Xy-sØ-tbm- Ipdn-®v- Nn-¥n-°p-hm≥-

t]mepw- h-øm-Ø- A-h-ÿ-.- kz-¥w- \m-ń¬- \n-∂p- t]-m-epw- A-Sn-t®m-

Sn-°-s∏-ń-cp-∂- Im-e-w-.- B- k-a-b-Øv- Jp¿-B≥- ]-J-ym-]n-®p.- "\n-ß-

fn¬- \n-∂v- hn-iz-kn-°p-I-bpw- k¬-I¿-a-ßƒ- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-I-bpw- sN-

bv-X-h-tcm-Sv- A-√-m-l-p- h-m-Kv-Zm-\w- sN-b-v-X-n-cn-°p-∂p:- A-h-cp-sS ap-ºp-

≈-h¿-°v- ]m-Xn-\-n-[-yw- \¬-I-n-b-Xpt]m-se- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- `q-an-bn¬-

A-h≥- A-h¿-°v -]m-Xn-\n-[-yw- \¬-IpI-bpw- -A-h¿-°v A-h-≥- X-r-]v

Xn-s∏- p sIm-Sp-Ø- --A-hcp-sS- a-X-Øn-s‚- Im-c-y-Øn¬- A-h¿-°v- Ah≥-

kzm-[o-\w- \¬-Ip-I-bpw-- A-h-cp-sS- -b-∏m-Sn-\v- ti-jw- \n¿- -b-Xzw- ]Icw-

\¬-Ip-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-Xm-sW-∂v' (Jp¿-B≥- 24:-55)-.- ssZ-h-Øn-s‚-

al-Øm-b- Cu- ]-h-N-\w- km-£m¬-I-cn-°-s∏-´p.- a-°-b-n-se- a¿Z-I-

cm-b- ap-iv-cn-°p-I-sf-bpw- a-Zo-\bn-se- ap-\m- n-Jp-I-sf-bpw- b-lq-Z- ssI-

kv-X-h-sc-bpw- C-kv-em-an-s‚- k-I-e-hn[- i-Xp-°-sf-bpw- ]-cmP-b-s∏-

Sp-Øn-s°m-≠v- ap-kv-en-w-Iƒ-°v- -c-Ww- e- n-°p-I-bpw- \n¿- -b-X-z-tØm-

sS- Po-hn-°m-\m-Ip-sa-∂- A-h-ÿ-bp-≠-m-hp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-

A-td-_y≥- A¿-[-Zo-]n-s‚- Nn-e-`m-K-ß-fn¬- B-[n-]-Xyw -t\-Sm≥-

th-≠n-bp-≈- t]m-cm-´w- \-S-°p-I-bm-Wv.- th-Z-°m-cm-b -In-kv-Xym-\n-

Ifpw- A-Kv-\n- B-cm-[-I-cm-b -t]¿-j-y-°m-cpw- X-Ω-n-em-b-n-c-p∂p- bp≤w.-

I-n-kvXym-\n-I-tfm-Sv- ap-kv-enw-I-fpw- t]¿-jy-°m-tcm-Sv- ap-iv-cn-°p-I-fpw-

A-\p-`m-hw- ]-I-Sn-∏n-∏p.- ln-Pv-d- A-©mw- h¿-jw- \-S-∂- tLm-c- bp-≤-

Øn¬- td-m-a°m¿- ]-cm-N-b-s∏-´p.- C-\n-sbm-cp- Xn-cn-®p-h-c-hv- A-km-[y-

am-sW-∂v- tXm-∂n-°p-am-dv- A-Xbv-°v- Z-b-\o--b-am-b-n-cp-∂p- -ssI-kv-X-

h-cp-sS- ]-cm-P--bw.- _-lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-I¿- C-Xp- ap-X-se-Sp-Øv- ap-kv-enw-

I-sf- ]-cn-l-kn-°p-hm-≥- Xp-S-ßn.- Cu- A-h-k-c-Øn¬- Jp¿-B≥- ]-

Jy-m-]n-®p-:- " A-Sp-Ø- \m-ń¬- sh-®v- tdm-a-°m¿- ]-cm-P-n-X-cm-°-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-∂p.- X-ß-fp-sS ]-c-m-P-b-Øn-\p- ti-jw- G-Xm-\pw- h¿-j-ßƒ-°p-

≈n¬- X-s∂- A-h¿- hn-P-bw- h-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv- '(30:-1˛4)-.- Cu- ]-J-ym-]

\w- sX‰n-bn-√.- B-dp-h¿-j-ßƒ- Xn-I-bp-∂-Xn-\v- ap-ºv- th-Z-°m-cm-b-

tdm-a-°m¿- A-Kv-\n-bm-cm-[-I-cm-b- t]¿-jy-°m-sc- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn

X-ß-fp-sS- km-am-Pyw- ]p-\x-ÿm-]n-®p.-

C-ß-s\- F-X-sb-X- ]-h-N-\-ßƒ-!- Jp¿B-\n-s‚- H-cp- ]-h-N\w-

t]m-epw- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cp-∂n-ń-√.- q-X-hpw- m-hn-bpw- h¿-Ø-

am-\-hp-a-dn-bp-∂- a-lm-\m-b- ssZ-h-Øn-s‚-Xm-Wv- Cu- K-Ÿ-sa-∂ bm-

Ym¿-Yyw- Cu- ]-h-N-\-]q¿-Øo-I-c-W-ß-f-n-eq-sS- \-ap-°v- sX-fn-™p-

Im-Wmw.-

im-kv-Xw-:-

B-[p-\n-I- bp-K-Øns‚-- ]-[m-\-s∏-´- am-\-Z-fi-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv-

im-kv-Xw-.- C-∂v- Hm-tcm- hn-j-b-ß-fnep-ap-≈- bm-Ym-¿-Y-yw- A-dn-bp∂-

X-n-\v- th-≠n- im-kv-X-Øn-s‚- A-f-hp-tIm-ep-I-fm-Wv- \mw- D-]-tbm-Kn

°p-∂-Xv.- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ß-fp-sS- hn-izm-ky-X-bpw- k-Xy-X-bpw- ]-cn-tim-

[n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- im-kv-Xo-b-am-b- ]-T-\-ß-sf- B-i-bn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

ssZ-h-Z-Ø-am-Wv- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ßsf-¶n¬- A-h-sbm-cn-°-epw- \n-co-£-W-

ß-fm¬- ÿn-co-I-cn-°-s∏-´- im-kv-Xh-kv-Xp-X-I-fp-am-bn- ssh-cp-[yw-

]p-e¿-Øp-I-bn-√.- C-Xn-\¿-Yw-,- im-kv-X- h-kv-Xp-X-I-fp-am-bn- hy-‡-am-

b- ssh-cp-[y-ßƒ- ]p-e¿-Øp-∂- ]-cm-a¿-i-ßƒ- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ß-fn-ep-

s≠-¶n¬ A-Xv- ssZ-hn-I-am-b- t_m-[-\-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- Fgp-

X-s∏- -X-s√-∂m-Wv.-

]-]-©-sØ-°p-dn-® h-kv-Xp- \n-j-v-T-am-b ]-T-\-am-W-s√m im-kvXw-

sIm-≠v- hn-h-£n-°p-∂-Xv-.- C-µn-b-ßƒ- \¬-Ip-∂- A-dn-hpw- ]-kv-XpX-

A-dn-hn-s\- A-]-K-Y-n-®p-sIm-≠v- a-\p-jy-[n-j-W- F-Øn-t®-cp-∂- \n-K

a-\-ßfpw- im-kv-X-Øn-s‚- ]-cn-[n-°-I-Øv- h-cp-∂p.- Cu- \n-K-a-\-

ßƒ°v- am-‰w- h-cm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv-.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p- X-s∂- ]-kv-Xp-X- \n-K-

a-\-ß-fp-sS- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ßƒ- i-cn-bm-sW-t∂m- sX‰m-

50 51


sW-t∂m- ]-d-b-p-∂-Xn-e¿-Y-an-√.- F-∂m¬- ÿn-co-I-cn-°-s∏- - im-kvX-

h-kv-Xp-X-I-fp-sS- ÿn-Xn-bn-X-√.- A-h-bv-°v- am-‰-ap-≠m-hp-I-bn-√.- Hcp-

P-e- X≥-am-X-bn¬- c-≠v- ssl-UP≥- A-Wp-°-fpw- H-cp- Hm-Iv-kn-P≥-

A-Wp-h-p-am-Wp-≈-sX-∂-Xv- H-cp- im-kv-X-h-kv-Xp-X-bm-Wv.- C-Xn¬- am-‰-

ap-≠-m-hp-I-bn-√.- C-Ø-cw- im-kv-X- h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ-s°-Xn-sc-bp-≈- hy‡-

am-b- ]-cm-a¿-i-ßƒ- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ß-fn-ep-≠m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬- A-Xv-

A⁄-cm-b- a-\-pjy-cp-sS- A-dn-hn-√m-bv-a-bn¬- \n-∂p-≠m-b- c-N-\-bm-

sW-∂v- I-cp-X-p-I-b-√m-sX- \n-hr-Øn-bn-√.- A-X-s√-¶n¬- Xm≥- kr-j-

Sn-®p- h-n-´- ]-]-©-sØ-°p-dn-®v- ssZ-h-Øn-\v- Ir-Xy-am-bn- A-dn-bn-√-∂v-

]-d-tb-≠n- h-cpw.- C-Xv- ssZ-h-\n-tj-[-Øn-\v- k-a-am-sW-∂v- ]-d-tb-≠-

Xn-√-s√m.-

C-µn-b-ß-fp-]-tbm-K-n-®p-≈- ]-Ir-Xn- ]-T-\-am-Wv- im-kv-Xw sIm≠v-

hn-h-£n-°p-∂-sX-∂v- ]-d-™p-h-s√m.-th-Z-K-Ÿ-ßƒ- a-\p-jy-cp-sS-

Cµn-b-ßƒ-°v- A-Xo-X-am-b- A-dn-hm-Wv- ]-[m-\-am-bpw- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-°p-

∂-Xv-.- ssZ-h-sØ-bpw- ]-c-tem-I-sØ-bp-sa-√mw- kw-_-‘n®- ⁄m-\w-

C-µn-b-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn-®-v- t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°m-hp-∂-h-b-√.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-

Xs∂- A-h- im-kv-X-Ø-n-\v- A-Xo-X-am-Wv.- im-kv-X-Øn-s‚- co-Xn-bp-]-

tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠v- am-Xw- C-µn-bm-Xo-X-am-b- A-dn-hn-s\- A-f-°m≥- Ign-

bn-√.- F-∂m¬,- C-µo-bm-Xo-X-am-b- A-dn-hn-s\-°p-dn-® hn-h-c-W-ßƒ-

°n-S-bn¬- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬- N-n-e- u-Xn-I- h-kv-Xp-X-I-fpw- ]-cm-a¿-in-

°p-∂p-≠v.- Cu- u-Xn-I- h-kv-Xp-XIƒ- \-Ωp-sS- ]-cn-tim-[-\-bv-°v- hnt[-

b-am-Wv.- \-Ωp-sS- ]-cn-tim-[-\-b-n¬-,- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬- ]-cm-a-¿-in-°-

s∏-´- u-Xn-I-Im-cyß-sf-√mw- h-kv-Xp-\n-jv-T-bm-Ym¿-Yy-ßƒ-°v- A\p-

K-pW-am-sW-∂p- I-≠m¬- Ah- ssZ-hn-I-am-sW-∂v a-\- n-em-°p-I-bpw-

A-h-bn-se- C-µn-bm-Xo-X-⁄m-\w- k-Xy-k-‘-am-sW-∂v- Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-

I-bpw- sN-øm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv-.- adn-®m-sW-¶n¬- A-h-b-n-se C-µn-bm-Xo-X-

⁄m-\-Øn-epw- kw-i-bw- P-\n-°p-∂p.- th-ZK-Ÿ-ß-fn¬- ]-cm-a¿-in-

°-s∏-´- `u-Xn-I- Im-cy-ßƒ- k-Xy-k-‘-a-s√-∂v- A-t\z-j-W-Øn¬-

\n-∂v- \-ap-°v-t_m-[y-s∏-´m¬- A-Xn-\¿-Yw ]-kv-Xp-X- ]-cm-a¿-i-ßƒ-

ssZ-hn-I-a-s√-∂m-Wv.- ]q¿-W-am-bn- ssZ-hn-I-a-√m-Ø- H-cp- tkm-X v-

\¬-Ip-∂- C-µn-bm-X-o-X-⁄m-\w- k-X-y-k-‘-am-sW-∂v- ]-d-bm≥-

F¥mWv- sX-fn-hv-?- Np-cp-°-Øn¬-,- th-ZK-Ÿ-ß-fp-sS- k-X-y-k-‘-X-

]-cnti-m-[-n-°p-hm-\m-Wv- A-√m-sX- A-Xn-s‚- D-≈-S-°w- ]-c-n-tim[n-°p-

hm-\-√- im-kv-X-sØ- D-]-tbm-Ks∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xv-.--

Cusbm-cp- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ßƒ- ]-cn-tim-[-\m-hn-

t[-b-am-°n-bm¬- H-cp- h-n-[-sa-√mK-Ÿ-ß-fn-epw- am-\p-jn-I-am-b- I-c-

h-n-cp-Xp-Iƒ- \-S-∂n-´p-s≠-∂v- hy-‡-am-Ipw-.- \-Ω-p-sS- hy‡-am-b- \n-c-o-

£-W-ßƒ- ÿ-n-co-I-cn-°p-∂- im-kv-X- h-kv-Xp-X-I-fp-am-bn- ssh-cp[yw-

]p-e¿-Øp-∂- ]-cm-a¿-i-ßƒ- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ßƒ- an-°-h-bn-ep-ap-≠v F∂-

h-kv-Xp-X- ]-k-v-Xp-X- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ß-fp-sS- A-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ- F-∂-h-Im-

i-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿- t]m-epw- k-Ω-Xn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v- ss_-

_nƒ- ]-fin-X-\m-b- tUm-Iv-S¿- tPm-k-^v- tIm-´-bv-°¬- F-gp-Xp-∂-Xv-

Im-Wp-I "ss_-_nƒ- a-X-K-Ÿ-am-Wv.- A-Xn-s‚- e-£yw- Xn-I-®pw- a-X-

]-c-h-p-a-sX.- km-lnXytam- im-kv-Xtam- N-cn-Xtam- h-n-i-I-e-\w- sNøp-

∂-Xn-\v- k¿-hI-em-im-e-I-fn¬-- ]m-T-]p-kv-XI-am-bn D-]tbm-Kn-°m≥-

F-gp-X-s∏-´-X-√ ss_-_n-fn-se- bm-sXm-cp- ]p-kv-X-I-hpw.- C-∏-d-™-h-

sb-√-mw- ss_-_n-fn¬- km-µ¿- n-I-am-bn-]-X-n-]m-Zn-®n- p-≠vv.- A-h- km[m-

c-W- a-\p-jy-s‚- A-dn-hn-\v- tN¿-∂ -hn-[-am-Wv- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-bv-Xn-´p-

≈-Xv.- B-[p-\n-I-im-kv-Xw- A-h-bn¬- sX-‰-p-I-s≠-∂p-h-cmw-.- A-h-bpƒ-

s°m-≈p--∂- ]m-h-\-am-b- k-tµ-i-hpw- A-h-bp-sS- a-X-]-c-am-b- e-£y-

hpw- ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ- Cu- sX-‰p-I-sf-√mw- A-Sn-ÿm-\- c-ln-X-ß-

fm-bn- `-hn-°pw.-

D-Zm-l-c-W-am-bn- G-‰-hpw- hn-hm-Z-hn-j-b-am-b- H-cp ]-cm-a-¿-i-s-a-Sp-

°-mw.- tPm-jzm-bp-sS- ]-p-k-v-X-I-Øn¬- "C-kv-dm-bo-e--y¿- i-Xp-°-tfm-Sv-

]-Xn-Im-cw- sN-øp-∂-Xv- h-sc- kqcy-N-µ-∑m¿- \-n-iv-N-e-am-bn- \n-e-

sIm≠p' (tPm-j-z 10:-13)-- F-∂-v- ]-kv-Xm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. C-Xn¬- \n-∂v- kq-

cy≥- N-en-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂- H-cp- K-l-am-sW-∂v- B-sc-¶-n-ep-w- A\pam-

\n-°p-∂-Xv- A-hn-th-I-am-bn-cn-°pw.- kq-cy-s\-tbm- N-µs\-tbm- kw-

_-‘n-®- bm-sXm-cp- hn-⁄m-\-hpw- ]-Zm-\w- sN-øm≥- KŸ-Im-c≥-

Dt±-in-°p-∂n-√.- C-km-bo-e-y¿-°v- A-h-cp-sS- i-Xp-°-sf- \n-j-v-]-bmkw-

tXm¬-]n-°p-hm-\p-XIp-∂- F-√m- km-l-Ncy-ß-fpw- A¬- p-X-I-c-am-bn-

ssZ-hw- k-÷o-Icn-®p-sh-∂v- am-X-sa- C-Xv- A¿-Y-am-°p-∂p--≈q..........-

C-Xp- t]m-se- X-s∂-- --te-h-y-:- 11:-6 (B-h-:- 14:-7)- ap-b-en-s\- A-b-hn-d

°p-∂- a-r-K-am-bn- v- Nn-Xo-I-cn®n-cn-°p-∂-Xpw- im-kv-Xo-b-a-√.- P-¥p-im-

kv-X-kw-_-‘-am-b- hn-⁄m-\w- ]-Zm-\w- sN-ø-p-I-b-√- K-Ÿ-Im-c-s‚-

D-t±-iyw.- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- aq-°v- N-en-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂- ap-b-en-s‚- kz`m-

52 53


h-Øn¬- \n-∂v- A-ß-s\- tXm∂-n-b-Xm-hmw''.(tUm-:- tPm-k-^v-,- tIm-´-

°¬-:- ]-©-K-Ÿ-Øn\v- H-cp- hym-Jym-\w,- ]p-dw- 12,- 13)-.-

b-Y-m¿-Y-Øn¬- ss_-_n-fn-se- D¬-]-Øn- ]p-kv-X-Iw- ap-X¬- Xs∂-

B-[p-\n-I- im-kv-X-hp-am-bn- ssh-cp-[yw- ]p-e¿-Øp-∂- H- -\-h-[n- ]kv-

Xm-h-\-Iƒ- Im-Wm-\m-hpw-.- B-Im-i-`q-anI-fp-sS-bpw- kq-c-y-N-µ∑m-cp-

sS-bpw- Po-h-Pm-e-ß-fp-sS-bpw- a-\p-jy-s‚-b-p-sa-√mw- kr-jv-Sn- B-dp- Znh-

kw-sIm-≠v- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°nb- ssZ-hw- G-gm-a-sØ- Z-n-h-kw- hn-i-an-®p-

sh-∂m-Wv- D¬-]-Øn- ]p-kv-X-Iw- ( 1:-1˛2:-2)- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv--- .- Hm-tcm- Zn-hkhpw-

\-S-Øn-b-Xm-bn- ]-d-b-s∏-Sp-∂- kr-jv-Sn-I-aw- C-ß-s\-bm-W-v.-

H-∂mw- Zn-h-kw- :- B-Im-iw,- `q-an-,- sh-fn-®w,- ]-I¬-.- cmXn-

c-≠-mw- Z-n-h-kw- :- ap-I-fn-se- P-e-hpw- q-an-bn-se- P-e-hpw- th¿-Xn-cn

®p.- A-h-bv-°p- \-Sp-hn-se- I-am-\-Øn-\v- B-Im-iw- F-∂v- t]-c-n-´p.-

aq-∂-mw- Z-n-h-kw- :- I-c,- I-S¬,- k-k-y-ßƒ-

\m-emw- Zn-h-kw- :- k-q-cy≥,- N-µ≥,- \-£-X-ßƒ-

A-©-mw- Zn-h-kw- :- P-e- Po-hn-Iƒ,- ]-£n-Iƒ-

B-dmw- Zn-h-kw- :- I-c-P-¥p-°ƒ,- a-\p-jy≥.-

B-[p-\n-I- im-kvX-Øn-s‚- I-Æm-Sn-bn-eq-sS- t\m-°n-bm¬- Cu-

kr-jv-Sn-hn-h-c-Ww- s]m-Xp-hm-bn- A-Sn-ÿm-\- c-ln-X-am-sW-∂v- Im-Wm≥-

I-gn-bpw-.-]-]-©-Øns‚- ]-Im-i tkm-X- p-I-fm-b- \-£-X-ßƒ- D≠m-

I-p-∂-Xn-\p- ap-ºv- X-s∂- F-ß-s\-bm-Wv- sh-fn-®-ap-≠m-b-Xv?- q-an-bn-¬-

H-∂mw- Zn-h-kw- X-s∂- cm-hpw- ]-I-e-pw- k-‘-y-bpw- D-j- p-sa-√m-ap-

≠m-b-sX-ß-s\-bm-W-v?- k-ky-ß-fp-sS- \n-e-\n¬-]n-\p-X-s∂- kq-c-y≥-

A-\n-hm-c-y-am-sW-∂n-cn-s°- \m-e-mw- Zn-h-kw- kq-c-y\pw- aq-∂mw- Zn-hkw-

k-k-y-ß-fpw- kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏- p-sh-∂- kn-≤m-¥w- i-cn-bm-Ip-∂-sX-ßs\?-

C-Ø-cw- H-´-\-h-[n- ]-iv-\-ßƒ- D¬-]-Øn- ]p-kv-X-I-Øn-se- kr-jv-S-n-

h-n-h-c-W-ß-fn-ep-≠v.- C-h-bn-se- A-im-kvXo-b-X-Iƒ- h-n-i-Zo-I-cn-°m\m-

hm-sX- A-h-km-\w- A-h- K-Ÿ-Im-c-s‚- A-⁄-X-bm-Wv- F-∂v- ]-d™v-

c-£-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv- ssI-kv-X-h- K-Ÿ-Imc∑m¿- F-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv- hmkv-

X-hw-.- tUm-Iv-S¿- tPm-k-^v- tIm-´-bv-°¬- F-gp-Xp-∂-Xv Im-Wp-I-:-

"H-∂mw- Zn-h-kw- ]-Im-i-hpw- \m-emw- Zn-h-k-w- kq-cy-N-µ-\-£-Xm-

Zn-tKm-f-ß-fpw- kr-jv-Sn-®p-sh-∂v- ss_-_n-fn¬- ]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv-

bp‡n-lo-\-am-bn- ]-e¿-°pw- tXm-∂n-tb-°mw.- im-kv-Xo-b- Nn-¥m-KXn-

h-i-am-°n-bn-´p-≈- C-∂-sØ- a\p-jy-\-v- aq-∆m-bn-ctam- \m-em-bn-ctam-

h¿-j-ßƒ-°-∏p-dw- Po-hn-®n-cp-∂- a-\p-jy-s‚- Nn-¥m-K-Xn-bpw- ssi-en-

I-fp-w- K-ln-°p-I- _p-≤n-ap-´m-hp-I- k-zm-`m-hn-I-am-Wt√m.- K-Ÿ-Im-c-

s‚- a-\x-ÿn-Xn-bpw- km-l-N-cym-Zn-I-fpw- I-W-°n-se-Sp-°-p-∂- ]-£w-

\-Ωp-tS-Xm-b- ]-iv-\-ßƒ- ]-cn-l-cn-°-s∏-Spw'-- (tUm:- tPm-k-^v-,- tIm-´-

°¬-:- ]-©-K-Ÿ-Øn\v- H-cp- hym-Jym-\w,- ]p-dw- 41)--*.-

`m-c-Xo-b- th-Z-K-Ÿ-ßfp-sS- ÿn-Xn-bpw- C-Xn¬- \n-∂v- h-y-Xy-kv-

X-a-√.- A-h-bn¬- H- -\-h-[n- A-im-kv-Xo-b-am-b- ]-cm-a¿-i-ß-fp-≠v-.- Ah-

F-gpX-s∏-´- Im-e-sØ- A-⁄-X-bm-Wv- C-h- h-y-‡-am-°p-∂-sX-∂p-

≈-Xm-Wv- hm-kv-X-hw.- `-bw- aq-ew- t\-c-w- sh-fp-°ptºmƒ- X-kv-I-c≥-

amsc- Im-Wm-Xm-Ip-∂-Xp- t]m-se- \-£-X-ß-fpw- kq-c-y-s\- -b-∂m-Wv-

]- m-X-Øn¬- A-]-Xy-£-am-Ip-∂-sX-∂pw- (1:-50:-2)- G-gp-Ip-Xn-c-I-sf- ]q´n-

b- c-Y-Øn-em-Wv- kq-cy≥- `q-an-°p-Np-‰pw- k-©-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂p (1:-50:-

7˛9)- ap-≈- E-tKz-Z- ]-cm-a¿-i-ßƒ- A-h- F-gp-X-s∏-´- Im-e-sØ- A-dn-

hn-√m-bv-a-sb-bm-Wv hy-‡-am-°p-∂-Xv-.- K-l-WØn-\v- Im-c-Ww- cm-lp-

sh-∂- £p-Z-K-l-am-sW-∂- A-Y¿-∆-th-Z- ]-cm-a¿-i-hpw- (19:-9:-10)- XssY

h.- tcm-K-im-¥n-°v- B-Sp-am-Sp-I-fp-am-b-n- c-an-°p-hm≥- \n¿-tZ-in-°p-∂-

ip-¢-b-Pp-¿-th-Z-Øn-se- kq-‡-ßƒ- (21:-60)- A-°m-e-sØ- A-⁄-X-

sb-bpw- A-∂p- \n-e-\n-∂n-cn-cp-∂- ]m-Ir-X- ssew-Kn-I- [-m-c-W-I-sfbpw-

H-tct]m-se- h-y-‡-am-°p-∂-p-≠v.-

Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- ÿn-Xn- C-h-bn¬- \n-∂v- Xn-I-®pw- h-y-Xy-kv-X-am-Wv.-

Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- A-h-X-c-W-Im-e-Øv- tem-Iw- im-kv-X-km-t¶-Xn-I-

cw-K-Øv- B-[p-\n-I- ho-£-W-Øn-eq-sS- t\m-°p--tºmƒ- h-´-∏q-Py-Øn-

em-bn-cp-∂p. Zq-c-Z¿-i-\n-I-tfm- kq-£-a-Z¿-i-n-\n-I-tfm- A-∂v- I-s≠-Øn-

bn- n-√.- B-Im-i-Øn-eq-sS- ]-d-°p-hm-\pw- k-apZ-Øn-\-I-Øv- K-th-jWw-

\-S-Øm-\p-ap-≈- kmt¶-Xn-I- hn-Zy-I-sf-Ip-dn-®v- A-°m-e-Øv- H-∂p-a-dn-

bn-√.- A-Xn-s‚- A-h-X-c-W-Øn-\v- ti-j-ap-≈- ]-Xn-\m-ev- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-

im-kv-X- kmt¶-Xn-I- cw-K-ß-fn¬- a-l-Øm-b- hn-π-h-ßƒ- \-S-∂- \q‰m-

≠p-Ifm-Wv-.- a-\p-j-y-\v- A-dn-bm-Ø- ]-e- h-kv-Xp-°-fpw- A-h≥- I-≠p-

]n-Sn-®p.- ]m-]-©n-I- tKm-f-ß-fp-s-S- \n-e-\n¬-]n-\v- \n-Zm-\-am-b-- i-‡n-

* Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-hcWßƒ-°v- teJIs‚ "ss__n-fn-s‚ ssZhn-IX,- hn-a¿-i\ßƒ- hkv-Xp-XIƒ'

hm-bn-°p-I.-

54 55


I-tf-Xm-sW-∂v- A-h¿-- a-\- n-em-°n-.- B-Im-i-Øn-s‚- A-\-¥-X-I-fnte-

°v- A-h-s‚- Zr-jv-Sn-Iƒ- \o-≠p.- B-‰-Øn-s‚- A-I-Øp-≈-sX-¥m-sW∂-

X-n-s\-Ip-dn-®v- A-h≥- ]-Tn-®p.- Po-h-tIm-i-Øn-s‚- ]-tXy-I-X-I-fpw- ]h¿-

Ø-\-ß-fp-sa-¥m-sW-∂v- A-h-\v- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°m≥- I-gn-™p.- ]-t£-

h-n-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- H-sc-m-‰- h-N-\w- t]m-epw- im-kv-X- km-t¶-Xn-I-

cw-K-ß-fn-se- hn-π-h-ßƒ-°v- ap-∂n¬- sX-‰m-sW-∂v- sX-fn-bn-°-s∏-´-n-

´n-√.- Jp¿-B≥- ]-d-™- H-scm-‰- k-Xyw- t]m-epw- A-k-Xy-am-sW-∂v-

]d-bm≥- im-kv-XØn-\v- km-[n-®-n-´n-√.- am-X-hp-a-√,- im-kv-Xw- ]p-Xn-b-

I-s≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ- \-S-Øp-tºmƒ- Jp¿-B\n-s‚- A-]m-am-Zn-Xz-hpw- AP-

ø-X-bpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- sX-fn-™v- h-cn-I-bm-Wv- b-Y-m¿-Y-Øn¬-

sN-øp-∂-Xv-.- hm-\-im-kv-X-Øn-tem- q-an- im-kv-X-Øn-tem- k-ap-Z- imkv-

X-Øn-tem- `q-W-im-kv-X-Øn-te-m- A-Sn-ÿm-\- ⁄m-\w- t]m-ep-an-√m-

Xn-cp-∂- Im-e-Øv- A-h-X-cn-°-s∏-´- Jp¿-B-\n-se- h-N-\-ßƒ- ]-kv-

XpX- im-kv-X-im-J-I-fn-se- B-[p-\nI- I-≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-ß-fp-am-bn- ]q¿W-

am-bpw- tbm-Pn-°p-∂p-sh-∂ h-k-v-Xp-X- B -K-Ÿ-Øn-s‚- A-am-\p-jnI-

X-bn-te-°m-Wv- \-sΩ -\-bn-°p-∂-Xv.-

am-\-h-cm-in- I-≠p-]n-Sn-®- k-I-e-am-\- im-kv-X- kXy-ß-fpw- Jp¿B-

\n-ep-s≠-t∂m- F-√m- im-kv-X- I-≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-ß-fpw- Jp¿-B\n¬- apºv-

X-s∂- ]-h-Nn-®n-´p-s≠t∂m- A-√ C-∏-d-™-Xn-s‚- A¿-Yw-.- im-kvXw-

]p-Xn-b- ]pXn-b- I-s≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ- \-S-Øp-tºm-ƒ- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- kXy-

X-bpw- Ir-Xy-X-bpw- kq£v-a-Xbpw- \-ap-°v- Iq-Sp-X¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- t_m[y-

s∏-Sp-∂psh-∂v- am-Xam-Wv.- a-\p-jy-\v- X-s‚- ]-co-j-W- \n-co-£W-ß-

fn-eq-sS- I-s≠-Øm≥- I-gn-bp-∂ Im-cy-ßƒ- h-n-i-Zo-I-cn-°-p-hm-\p-≈-

K-Ÿ-a-√- Jp¿-B≥- F-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- a-\p-jy-cp-sS- im-kv-Xo-b-

apt∂-‰-Øn-s‚- \m-gn-I-°-√p-Iƒ- tX-Sn- Jp¿-B-≥- ]-c-Xp-∂-Xv- hy¿-Y-

am-Wv.- F-∂m¬- im-kv-X-K-Xn-bp-sS- hn-gn-Øn-cn-hpIƒ- \n-c-h-[n- X-hW-

]n-∂n-Sptºm-gpw- hn-ip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬- H-scm-‰- A-im-k-Xo-b-X- t]mepw-

I-s≠-Øp-hm≥- B¿-°pw- I-gnbp-∂n-s√-∂-Xv- H-c¬- p-Xw- X-s∂-bmWv.-

Cu- A¬-`p-Xw- Jp¿-B≥- A-am-\-p-j-n-I-am-sW-∂- h-kv-Xp-X- hy-‡-am

°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- ]-Xn-\m-ep- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°v- ap-ºv- Po-hn-®- H-cp- \n-c-£-c

s‚- k¿-K-ssh- -h-Øn¬- \n-∂-v- D-bn-¿-sIm-≈p-∂- h-N-\-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p-

Jp¿-B-\nep-ffsX¶n¬- ]-]-©-sØ-bpw- ]-Ir-Xn-sb-bpw- I-p-d-n-®v- ]cm-

a¿-in-°p-tºmƒ- G-sd- A-_-≤-ß-fp-≠m-th-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.- F-∂m¬-

Jp¿-B-\n¬- ]m-]-©n-I- ]-Xn- m-k-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- G-sd- h¿-Wn-®n- pw,-

bm-sXm-cp- hn-[- A-_-≤-ß-fp-an-s√-∂-Xv- A-Xn-s‚- ssZ-hn-I-X- hy-‡am-

°p-∂p-≠v.

]-Ir-X-n- ]-Xn- m-k-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- Jp¿-B≥- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-°ptºmƒ-

A-_-≤-ßsfm-∂pw- h-∂p- -hn-°m-Ø- co-Xn-bn¬- kq-£-v-a-hpw- Ir-Xyhp-

am-bn- m-Wv- ]-Z-ßƒ- D-]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n- p-≈-sX-∂v- Im-Wm≥- I-gn-bpw.-

Hm-tcm- ÿeØp-w- Jp¿-B\n¬- ]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- - ]-Zßƒ- F-XtØm

fw- Ir-Xy-am-sW-∂- h-kv-Xp-X- B-[p-\-n-I- ]-T-\-ßƒ- hy-‡-am-°p-∂-p

≠v.- a-\p-jy-s‚- `q-W-]-cn-Wm-a-hp-am-bn- _‘-s∏- v- Jp¿-B\n¬- h∂n-

´p-f-f- ]-Z-]-tbm-K-ßƒ- C-°m-c-yw- a\ n-em-°n-Xcp-∂-h-bm-Wv.- Xmsg-

]-d-bp-∂- h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ- i-≤n-°p-I.-

k-hn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- ip-¢-Øn-se- e-£-°-W-°n-\v- _o-P-ß-fn¬- Hsc-

Æw- am-X-am-Wv- A-fi-hp-am-bn- tN¿-∂v- `q-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-sX-∂v-

\-ap-°-dn-bmw.- ssa-tIm-kv-tIm-]n-s‚- I-≠p- ]n-Sp-Ø-Øn-\v- ap-ºv- ip¢-

km-hw- sam-Øam-bn- L-\o- -hn-®m-Wv- Ip-™p-≠m-Ip-∂-sX-∂m-bn-cp∂p-

s]m-Xp- h-n-izm-kw-.- F-∂m¬- ip-¢km-h-Øn-se- sN-dn-b- Aw-i-Øn¬-

\n-∂mWv- a-\p-j-y-kr-jv-Sn-bp-sS- ]m-cw- -sa-∂- h-kv-X-p-X- ]-Xn-\m-ep- \q‰m-

≠p- ap-º-h-X-cn-®- J-p¿-B≥- kq-‡ßƒ- hy-‡-am-°n-bn- p-≠v.- "Ah≥

k-hn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- ip-¢-Øn¬- \n-∂p-f-f- H-cp- I-W-am-bn-cp-∂n-t√?-'-?-

(Jp¿B≥- 75:-37)-.-

Cu- Jp¿-B≥- h-N-\-sØ- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)- C-ß-s\- hym-J-ym

\n®p- "ap-gp-h≥- Zm-h-I-Øn¬- \n-∂p-a-√,- A-Xn-se- sN-dn-sbm-cp- Awi-

Ø-n¬- \-n-∂p-am-X-am-Wv- a-\-p-jy≥- k-r-jv-Sn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv'- (k-lo-lp-

a-p-kv-enw)-.-

-]p-cp-j-_o-Pw- A-fi-hp-am-bn- Iq-Sn-t®-cp-tºm-gm-Wv- `q-Ww- D-≠m-

Ip-∂-sX-∂v- \-ap-°-dn-bmw-.- F-∂m¬- ]p-cp-j-_o-P-Øn-\-I-Øv- H-cp- sIm-

®p-Ip-™v- H-fn-™n-cn-∏p-s≠-∂pw- A-Ω-bp-sS- K¿- m-i-bw- B- Ip-™n\v-

h-f-cm-\p-≈- C-S-sam-cp-°p-I -am-X-sa- sN-øp-∂p-≈q-sh-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂p

]-Xn-s\-´mw- \q-‰m-≠p-h-sc- \n-e-\n-∂n-cp-∂- hn-izm-kw.-- C-Xn¬- \n-∂v--

hy-Xy-ÿ-am-bn- Iq-Sn-t®-cp-∂- _o-P-Ø-n¬- \-n-∂m-Wv- a-\p-jy-kr-jv-Sn-

\-S-°p∂-sX-∂m-W-v- Jp¿-B≥- hy-‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.-'- Iq-Sn-t®-¿-∂p-≠m-

Ip-∂- H-cp- _o-P-Øn¬- \n-∂v Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- \mw- a\p-jy-s\- kr-jv-Sn-

®n-cn-°p-∂p'-(Jp¿-B≥- 76:-2)-

56 57


Ch-n-sS- "\p-X-zv-^-Øn≥- Aw-im-Pn≥-'- F-∂m-Wv- A-d-_n-b-n¬- ]-

tbm-Kn-°-s∏- n-c-n-°p-∂-Xv-.- Iq-Snt®¿-∂p-≠m-b- _-o-Pw- F-∂¿-Yw-.-kvXo-

˛]p-cp-j- _-o-P-ßƒ- Iq-Sn-t®¿-∂-p-≠m-Ip-∂- kn-Iv-Xm-fi-Øn-s‚- ]mY-

an-I- cq-]-am-bn-cn-°mw- Chn-sS- h-n-h-£n-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- _-o-P-ßfpsS-

k-¶-en-X-Øn¬- \n-∂m-Wv- Ip-™p-≠m-Ip-∂-sX-∂v- ap-l-Ω-Zv- \-_n-(k)-

]-d-™Xm-bn-°m-Wmw- " a-\p-jy≥- kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv- c-≠n¬-

\n-∂pw- Iq-S-n-bm-Ip-∂p.- ]-pcp-j-_o-P-Øn¬- \-n-∂pw k-Xo-_o-P-Øn¬-

\n-∂pw-'- (A-lv-a-Zv-)-.-

`q-W-Øn-s‚- h-f¿-®- \-S-°p-∂-Xv- K¿`m-i-b-Øn-\-I-Øp- sh-®m-

Wt√m.- aq-∂v- B-h-c-W-ß-fm-Wv- A-Ω-bp-sS- h-b-‰n-\-I-Øp-≈-Xv.- H∂v,-

A-Sn-hb-dn-s‚- `n-Øn-.- c-≠v,- K¿-`m-i-b-`n-Øn-.- aq-∂v,- K¿-`m-i-b-Øn-\-

I-sØ- Bw-\n-tbm¨- tIm-d-n-tbm-¨- ]m-S.- `q-W-sØ- sh-fn-®-Ø-n¬-

\n-∂v- kw-c-£n-°p-I-sb-∂- a¿-a-]-[m-\-am-b- [¿-aw- \n¿-h-ln-°p-∂-

Cu- B-h-c-W-ß-sf- C-cp-´p-Iƒ- F-∂v- hn-fn-°p-∂-Xn¬- bm-sXm-cp-

Akmw-K-Xy-hp-an-√.- aq-∂v- C-cp-´p-Iƒ-°-Øv- sh-®m-Wv- `q-W-h-f¿-®-

\-S-°p-s∂-sX-∂- h-k-v-X-p-X- Jp¿-B≥- hy-‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.-

"\n-ß-fp-sS- am-Xm-°-fp-sS- h-b-dp-I-fn¬- aq-∂v-X-cw- C-cp-´p-Iƒ-°p-

≈n-em-bn- kr-jv-Sn-bp-sS- H-cp- L-´-Øn-\p- ti-jw- a-s‰m-cp- L-´-am-bn-

sIm-≠v- \n-ß-sf- A-h≥- kr-jv-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-'- (J-p¿-B≥- 39:-6)-.-

a-\p-jy-`q-W-Øn-s‚- h-f¿-®-bn-se- hy-Xy-kv-X- L- -ß-sf-°p-dn®-

Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- hn-i-Zo-I-c-Ww- A-Xv- D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂- ]-Z-ß-ƒ- t]mepw-

F-X- am-Xw- Ir-Xy-hpw- kq-£v-a-hp-am-sW-\- h-kv-Xp-X- hy-‡-am-°pw.-

`q-W-Ø-n-s‚- h-y-Xy-kv-X- L- -ß-sf-°p-dn-°p-∂- Jp¿-B≥- hmIy-

Øn-s‚- km-c-w- C-ß-s\-bm-Wv:-

"X-o¿-®-bm-bpw- a-\p-j-y-s\- \mw- I-fn-a-Æn-s‚- k-Øn¬- \n-∂v- krjv-

Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- H-cp- _o-P-am-bn-s°m-≠v- A-h-s\ \mw -Z-am-b-

H-cp- ÿm-\-Øv- sh-®p.- ]n-s∂- B- _o-P-sØ-- "A-e-J'- bm-bn cq-]-s∏-

Sp-Øn- ]ns∂- A-e-J-sb- "ap-Zv-A-'- bm-bn- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn. Xp-S¿-∂v- B-

"ap-Zv-A'-sb- A-ÿn-Iq-S-am-b-n- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn. --F-∂n-´v- B- A-kv-Yn-Iq-S-

sØ- a-m-kw- sIm-≠v- s]m-Xn-™p-.- ]n-∂o-Sv- a-s‰m-cp- k-r-jv-Sn-bm-bn- \mw-

A-h-s\- h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-Øp.- A-t∏mƒ- G-‰-hpw- \√- kr-jv-Sn-I¿-Øm-

hm-b- A-√m-l-p- A-\p-K-l-]q¿-W-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p' (Jp¿-B≥- 23:-12˛14).-

`q-W-Øn-s‚- L-´-ß-fm-bn- Jp¿-B\n¬- hn-h-cn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂

F-√m- A-h-ÿ-I-fpw- a-\p-jy- `q-W-Øn-s‚- h-f¿-®-bn¬- I-gn-™p-

t]m-Ip-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv- B-[p-\n-I- ]-T-\-ßƒ- hy-‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.-

1.- A-e-J˛ Cu- ]-Z-Ø-n-\v- F-s¥-¶n-epw- H-ń-∏n-Sn-°p-I-tbm- ]-‰n-

t®-cp-I-tbm- sN-øp-∂-Xv- F-∂m-W¿--Yw.- K¿-`m-i-b-Øn-se- `q-W-Øn-

s‚- B-Zy-sØ- A-h-ÿ-sb- Ip-dn-°p-∂- ]-Z-am-Wn-Xv-.- _o-P-k-¶-e-\w-

\-S-∂v- G-g-m-a-sØ- Zn-h-kw- `q-Ww- K¿-`m-i-b-Øn-s‚- B-¥-c-]m-fn-

bmb- F≥-tSm-sa-Sn-b-Øn¬- ]-‰n-]n-Sn-°pw-.- C-ß-s\- ]-‰n-∏n-Sn-®v- h-f-

cm-\m-cw- n-°p-∂- `q-W-sØ-I-≠m¬- K¿- m-i-b-Øn¬- ]-‰n-∏n-Sn-®- \oc-

´-bm-sW-∂v- tXm-∂pw.- A-e-Jv- F-∂- ]-Z-Øn-\v- \o-c-´-sb-∂pw- A¿-Y-

ap-≠v-.- (]-‰n-∏n-Sn-°p-∂- \oc- -bp-sS- k-z- m-h-Øn¬- \n-∂m-Wv- Cu- t]cp-

e-`n-®-Xv-)- `q-W-Øn-s‚- B-Zym-h-ÿ-sb- Ip-dn-°m≥- Jp¿-B≥- D-]-

tbm-Kn-®-]-Zw-˛A-e-J˛ h-f-sc- Ir-Xy-am-sW-∂¿-Yw-.-

2.- a-p-Zv-A- "N-h-®-c-°-s∏- -Xv- '- F-∂m-Wv- Cu- ]-Z-Øn-s≥-d- A¿Yw.-

27 Zn-h-kw- ]m-b-am-b- `q-W-sØ-°-≠m¬- A-Xv- N-h-®p-Xp-∏n-b- H-cp-

amw-k-°-jv-W-am-sW-t∂- tXm-∂q-.- N-h-®p-X-p-∏n-b-Xv-t]m-se- tXm-∂n-

°p-∂- ]-√-S-bm-f-ßƒ- t]m-epw- A-Xnt∑¬- D-≠m-bn-cn-°-p-w-.- "A-e-J'-

b-n¬- \n-∂v- "ap-Zv-A'- bm-bn- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-∂- Jp¿-B-\n-I- ]-cm-a¿

iw- k-Xy-k-‘-am-sW-∂- h-kv-Xp-X- C-h-n-sS- A-\m-hr-X-am-Ip-∂p.-

3.- A-ÿn-˛ N-h-®-c-°-s∏-´- amw-k-]nfiw- t]m-se- tXm-∂-n®n-c-p

∂- A-h-ÿ-bn¬- \n-∂v- -- -A-©m-gv-N- ]m-b-am-bm¬- A-ÿ-n-Iƒ- cq-]-

s∏-Sm≥- B-cw-`n-°pw-.- "ap-Zv-K-bn¬- \n-∂v- A-ÿn-Iq-Sw- cq-]-s∏-Sp-Øn'-

-sb-∂ Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- h-N-\w- G-X-i-cn!-

4.- t]-i-n-Iƒ- A-ÿn-Iƒ- cq-]-s∏- v- A-Xn¬- amw-k-t]-in-Iƒ- s]m-

Xn-bp-∂-tX-m-sS-bm-Wv- cq-]w- sX-fn-™- in-ip-hm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xv-.- "F-∂n v-

A-ÿn-Iq-S-sØ- amw-k-w-sIm-≠v- s]m-Xn-™p.- ]-n-∂o-Sv- a-s‰-m-cp- k-r-

„n-bm-bn- \m-w- A-h-s\- h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-Øp.-'- sh-∂- Jp¿-B-\n-I- ]-cm-

a¿-i-Øn-s‚- k-Xy-X- C-hn-sS-bpw- \-ap-°v- t_m-[-y-am-hp-∂p.-

Jp¿-B\n-¬- ]m-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂- In-b-Iƒ- t]m-epw- h-f-

sc- Ir-Xy-am-sW-∂- h-kv-Xp-X- A-Xn-s‚- A-P-ø-X-bpw- A-am-\p-jn-I-X-

bpw- hn-fn-t®m-Xp-∂-p.-- a-‰p- sk-an-‰n-Iv- m-j-I-sf-t∏m-se-,- A-d-_n-bn-epw-

]p-√nw-K-In-b-bpw- k-Xo-enw-K-In-bb-p-ap-≠v.- a-e-bmf-Øn-tem- Cw-•o-

58 59


jntem- C-ß-s\-bp≈- H-cp- I-n-bmhn-`-P-\-an-√.- kv-Xo-bp-sS-bpw- ]p-cp-

j-s‚-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-I-sf- tZym-Xn-∏n-°m≥- hy-Xy-k-v-X- ]-tbm-K-ß-fmWv

A-d-_n-bn-ep-≈-Xv.- C-Ø-cw- ]-tbm-K-ßfn¬- t]m-epw- Ir-Xr-X-bpw

kqjv-a-X-bpw- ]p-e¿-Øp-∂p-≠v,- Jp¿-B≥.- tX-\o-®-I-sf-°p-d-n-®v- hniZo-

I-cn-®n-cn--°p-∂- Jp¿-B≥- kq-‡-ßƒ- t\m-°p-I-:-

"\n-s‚- \m-Y≥- tX-\-o-®-°v- C-]-Im-cw- t_m-[-\w- \¬-Ip-I-bp-w-

sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p:-- ae-I-fn-epw- a-c-ß-fn-epw- a-\p-jy≥- sIń-bp-b¿-Øp∂-

h-bn-epw- \o- ]m¿-∏n-S-ßƒ- D-≠m-°n-sIm-≈p-I.- ]n-s∂- F-√m- ^-e-

ß-f-n-¬- \n-∂pw- \o- -£-n-®p-sIm-≈p-I-.- A-h-bp-sS- D-Z-c-ß-fn¬- \-n-∂v-

hy-Xy-ÿ- h¿-Wß-fp-≈- ]m-\o-bw- ]p-d-Øv h-cp-∂p.- A-Xn¬- a-\pjy¿-

°v- tc-m-K-i-a-\-ap-≠v. -Nn-¥n-°p-∂- B-fp-Iƒ-°v- A-Xn¬- Xo¿-®-bmbpw-

Z-r-jv-Sm-¥-ap-≠v-'-- (Jp¿-B≥-:- 16:-68,-69)-.-

Cu- kq-‡-ß-fn¬- tX-\o-®-tbm-Sp-≈- ssZ-hn-I- t_m-[-\-sØ-°pdn-

®m-Wv- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- aq-∂v- I-¬-]-\-I-fm-Wv- Cu- h-N-\-ß-fn-

ep-≈-Xv.- \o- ]m¿-∏n-S-ßƒ- D-≠m-°n-s°m-≈p-I-,- \o - -£n-®p-sIm-≈pI,-

\o- ]-th-in-®p-sIm-≈p-I- F-∂n-h-bm-Wh.- C-hbv-°v- Jp¿-B\-n¬- b-

YmI-aw- C-Ø-Jn-Zo,- Ip-eo,- -kv-ep-°o- F-∂n-ß-s\-bm-Wv- ]-tbm-Kn-

°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- C-h-s-b-√mw- kv-Xo- enw-K- In-b-I-fm-Wv.- A-Y-hm-,-

kv-Xo-tbm-Sv- `-£n-°p-hm-\m-b-n- I¬-]n-°p-tºm-sg- "Ip-eo'-- F-∂v- ]-d-

bp-I-bp-≈q-.- ]-p-cp-j-t\m-Sm-sW-¶n¬- ""Ip¬-''- F-∂m-W-p- ]-d-bp-I-.-

CXn¬- \n-∂v- ]m¿-∏n-S-ap-≠m-°p-hm-\pw- `-£-Ww- ti-J-cn-°p-hm-\p-

sa-√mw- I-gn-hp- \¬-I-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- s] -tX-\o-®-°m-sW-∂ Imcyw-

A-dn-bm-hp-∂-h-\m-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- c-]n-®n-´p-≈-sX-∂- h-kv-Xp-X- h-y-‡-

am-h-p-∂p.- In-kv-Xm-_v-Zw- 1876 em-W-t√m tlm-f-≠p-Im-c-\m-b- kzm-a¿-

Umw- tX-\o-®-I-fp-sS- km-aq-ly-Po-hn-X-Øn-se-bpw- tPm-en- hn- -P-\-Øn-

se-bpw-- A¬-`p-X-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- tem-I-Øn-\v- A-dn-hp- \¬-In-b-Xv.-

]sØm≥-]-Xmw- \q-‰m-≠n¬- am-Xw- am-\-h-cm-in- t\-Sn-sb-Sp-Ø- s] -

tX-\o-®-I-fm-Wv- tPm-en-°m-sc-∂- A-dn-hv- Jp¿-B-\n-se- ]-cm-a¿-i-ß-

f-p-sS- Ir-Xy-X-°v- km-£yw- \n¬-Ip-∂p.- ]-Xn-\m-ep- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°p-

ap-ºv- Cu- h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ- hy-‡-am-°p-hm≥- H-cp- a-\p-jy-\pw- Ign-bn-√.-

Im-em-Xo-X-am-b- A-dn-hn-s‚- D-S-a-ÿ-\n¬- \n-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv- Jp¿-B-s\∂-

h-kv-Xp-X-bm-Wv- C-hn-sS-bpw- h-y-‡-am-I-p-∂-Xv.-

C-Xp-t]m-se- N-n-e-¥n-sb-°p-dn-®v- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-∂n-S-Øpw- Jp¿-B≥-

I-r-Xy-am-b- ]-cm-a¿-i-\-ß-ƒ- \-S-Øp-∂-Xv- Im-Wmw.- Nne-¥n-sb∏-‰n-bp≈-

kq-‡-Øns‚- km-cw- Im-Wp-I.- "A-√m-lp-hn-\v- ]p-d-sa- h-√- c-£m-[n

Im-cn-I-sf-bpw- kzo-I-cn-®-h-cp-sS- D-]-a- F-´p-Im-en-bp-tS-Xv- t]m-se-bm-

Ip-∂p.- A-Xv- H-cp- ho-Sp-≠m-°n.- ho-Sp-I-fn¬- sh-®v- G-‰-hpw- Zp¿-_e--

am-b-Xv- F-´p-Im-en-bp-sS- ho-Sv- X-s∂.- A-h¿- Imcy-w- a-\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-

∂psh-¶n¬!'- (Jp¿-B≥- 29:-41).- C-hn-sS- "A-Xv- H-cp- ho-Sp-≠m-°n'- F∂v-

]-cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv- "C-Ø-J-Z-Øv- ss_-Ø≥-'- F-∂

Ad_n- hm-N--I-sØ-bm-Wv-.- "C-Ø-J-Z-Xv' F-∂m¬- "\n¿-an-®p'- sh-∂Xn-

s‚- kv-Xo-enw-K- In-b-bm-Wv.- (kv-Xo-)- \n-¿-an-®p-sh-∂m-W¿-Yw-.- Nn-e¥n-

ho-Sp-Iƒ- \n¿-an-°p-∂-Xv- s] - F´p-Im-en-I-fm-sW-∂- h-kv-Xp-X- C∂p-

\-ap-°-dn-bmw-.- ]-Z-ßƒ- ]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂n-S-Øp-≈- A-am-\p-jn-I-Xbv-

°p-≈- sX-fn-hp-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wn-Xpw-.-

J-tKm-f- i-m-kv-Xw- ap-X¬- BWh im-kv-Xw- hscbp-ff im-kv-

Xim-JIfn¬- ]p-Xn-b- I-s≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ- \-S-°p-tºmƒ- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚-

k-Xy-X-bpw- ssZ-hn-I-X-bpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv-

sN-øp-∂-Xv.- 1929 ¬- _n-ó-jv-,- tPym-Xn- im-kv-X-⁄-\m-b- F-Uv-hn≥-

]n.- l-_pƒ- ]-]-©w- hn-I-kn-°p-∂p-sh-∂- \n-K-a-\-Øn-se-Ø-n-.- Kme-

I-v-kn-I-fn¬- \n-∂p-≈- ]-Im-i-X-cw-K-ß-fp-sS- ^-e-am-bn- A-\p-`-h-

s∏Sp∂- A-cp-W-`w-i- (red shift) am-Wv Km-e-Iv-kn-Iƒ- A-I-∂p- \oßn-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂psh-∂- \n-K-a-\-Ø-n-se-Øm≥- l-_p-fn-s\- t]-cn-∏n-

®-Xv-.-Cu- A-cp-W-`w-iw- bm-Ym¿-Yy-w- X-s∂-bm-sW-∂p-w- A-Xp-sIm-≠v-

X-s∂- ]-]-©w- hn-I-k-n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw- A-t±-l-Øn-\p-

ti-jhpw- ]-K-¤-cm-b- ]-e-cpw- K-th-j-W-w- sN-bv-Xp- I-s≠-Øp-Ibpw-

sNbv-Xn-´p-≠v.- ]-]-©w- hn-I-kn-°p-∂p-sh-∂- bm-Ym¿Yyw ]Xn-\m-ep-

\q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°p-ap-ºp- X-s∂- Jp¿-B≥- ]-Jy-m-]n-®n-´p-≠v.- "B-Im-i-

am-I-s´- \m-a-Xn-s\- I-c-ß-fm¬- \n¿-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- \mw-

hn-I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-∂-h-\p-am-Ip-∂p'-- (Jp¿-B≥- 51:-47)--sh-∂v- k-jv-Smhv-

Jp¿-B\-n-eq-sS- ]-J-ym-]n-°p-tºmƒ- ]-]-©-hn-Imk-sa∂- ]Xn- mk-

am-Wv- \-ap-°p-ap-∂n¬- sX-fn-™p-h-cp-∂-Xv.-

]-]-©w- hn-I-kn-°p-∂p-sh-∂- k-¶¬-]Øn-≥-ta-em-Wv- B-[p-\nI-

]-]-©-am-Xr-I- \n¿-an-°-s∏- n- -p-≈-Xv.- B- am-Xr-I- ]-Im-cap-≈- ]]©-

Øn-s‚- D¬-]-Øn-sb- k-_-‘n-®- kn-≤m-¥w- alm- hn kvt^mS\-

k-n-≤m-¥ (Big Bang Theory) -sa-∂- t]-cn-em-Wv- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- BIm-

60 61


i-tKm-f-ß-fpw- q-an-bp-sa-√mw- H-scm-‰- B-Zn- ]-Zm¿-∞-Øn-s‚- m-K-ambn-

cp-∂p.- A-\-¥-km-µ-am-b- B- "tIm-kv-an-Iv'- F-§v- H-cp- l-_nƒ- k-a-b

Øn-\p-ap-ºv- s]m- n-sØ-dn-®p-sh-∂pw- A-Xn¬- \n-∂pw- B-Im-i-tKm-fß-

fpw- `q-an-b-p-sa-√mw- D-≠-m-bn- F-∂pw- Cu- kn-≤-m-¥w- k-a¿-Yn-°p-∂p.

a-lm- hn-kv-t^m-S-\- kn-≤m-¥-Øn-s‚- km-[y-X- tNm-Zyw- sN-øp∂-

im-kv-X-⁄-cp-≠v-.- F-U-v-th¿-Uv- se-bv- am-X-bn¬- \n-∂p- Xp-S-ßn- kv‰o-

^¨- tlm-°nw-ßv- h-sc-bp-≈- im-kv-X-⁄-¿- ]-kv-Xp-X- kn-≤m-¥-

Øn-se- hn-i-Zm-w-i-ßsf- ]-e-X-h-W- Xn-cp-Øp-I-bpw- ]p-Xn-b- k-¶¬-

]-ß-fpw- k-t¶-X-ß-fpw- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn- pap-≠v-.- F-∂m¬-

]-]-©-Øn-se- ]-Zm¿-∞-sa-√mw- H-scm-‰- B-Zn-]n-fi-Øn¬- \n-∂v- Xs∂

bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv- F-∂-Im-cy-Øn¬- Cu- im-kvX-⁄¿-°n-S-bn¬- X¿°

sam-∂pw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂n-√.- B-Im-i-h-kv-X-p-°-fpw- q-an-bp-sa-√mw- Hscm‰-

]n-fi-Øn¬- \n-∂m-Wp-≠m-b-sX-∂m-Wv- Jp¿-B-\pw- ]-d-bp-∂Xv-.- Cu-

h-kv-Xp-X- hy-‡-am-°p-∂- J-p¿-B≥- h-N-\w- Im-Wp-I.- " B-Im-i-ßfpw-

`q-an-bpw- H- n-t®¿-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw,- F-∂n- v- \mw- A-h-sb- th¿s]-

Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv- D-≠m-b-sX-∂pw- k-Xy- \n-tj-[n-Iƒ- I-≠n-t√?- sh≈-

Øn¬- \n-∂v- F-√m- Po-h- h-kv-Xp-°-sf-bpw- \mw- D-≠m-°p-I-bpw- sNbv-

Xp.- F-∂n-´pw- A-h¿-'- hn-iz-kn-°p-∂n-t√?-- (-Jp-¿-B≥- 21:-30)-.-

B-[p-\n-I- ]-]-©-am-Xr-I- - ]-Im-cw \-£-X-ß-fp-sS-- kr-jv-Snsb-

kw-_-‘n-®- kn-≤m-¥w- C-ß-s\-bm-Wv:- H-cp- X-cw- kmµo-I-c-W- ]In-

b-bn-eq-sS-bm-Wv- \-£-X-ßƒ- cq-]w- sIm-≈p-∂-Xv-.- \-£-Xm¥-co-b-

hm-X-I-ß-fpw- s]m-Sn-]-S-e-ß-fpw- a-‰pw- A-S-ßn-b- ta-L-am-Wv- s\-_pe.-

s\-_p-e-I-fn-se- F-Æ-a-‰- hm-X-I- X-∑m-X-Iƒ-°n-S-bn-epw- [q-fn-I-W-

ßƒ-°n-S-bn-epw- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂- Kp-cp-Xzm-I¿-j-W-am-Wv- \-£-X- ]cn-

Wm-a-Øn-se- ]Y-a-L-´w.- s\-_p-e-bn¬- H-cp- ]-tZ-i-Øv- ]-Zm¿-∞-

tI-µo-I-c-Ww- \-S-°p-tºmƒ- H-cp-X-cw- K-cp-Xz-m-I¿-j-W- ta-J-e- D-cp-

Øn-cn-bp-I-bpw- A-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn- A-hn-tS-°v- ]-Zm¿-∞- tI-µ-o-I-c-Ww-

\-S-°p-I-bp-w- A-ß-s\- [q-fn-I-fp-sS-bpw- hm-X-I-ß-fp-sS-bpw- ti-J-c-

ap-≠-m-hp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠-m-Wv- \-£-X-ßƒ- cq-]-sa-Sp-°p-∂-Xv.-

Cu- h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ- ap-gp-h≥- Iq-Sn-- Jp¿-B≥- hn-h-cn-°p-∂-Xv- C-ß-s\-

bm-Wv:- "A-Xn-\p-]p-d-sa- A-h≥- D-]-cn-tem-I-Øn-s‚-bpw- kw-hn-[m-\w-

\-S-Øn-.- A-Xv- H-cp- ]p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- A-X-n-t\m-Spw- `q-an-tbm-Spw- A-

h≥- B-⁄m-]n-®p-:- \n-ßƒ- c-≠pw- A-\p-k-c-W-]q¿-htam- \n¿-_-

‘n-Xtam- B-b-n- h-cn-I-.- A-h- c-≠pw- ]-d-™p.- R-ß-f-n-Xm- A-\p-k-c-

W-ap-≈-h cm-bn- h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p'-- (-Jp-¿-B≥- 41:11)-.-

A-¥-co-£w- H-cp- ta¬- Iq-c-bm-sW-∂v- C-∂v- \-ap-°-dn-bmw- D¬-

°m- \n-]-m-X--ß-fn¬- \n-∂p-w- Aƒ-Sm- ssh-e-‰v- c-iv-an-bn¬- \n-∂pw- qan

sb- c-£n-°p-∂-Xv- A-¥-co-£-sa-∂ ta¬-Iq-c-bm-W-v- "D-]-cn-tem-I-sØ-

\mw- kw-c-£n-X-am-b- H-cp- ta¬- Iq-c-bm-°n-b-n- p-≠v-'- (21:32)- F-∂- Jp¿-

B-\n-I- ]-cm-a¿-iw- F-X- i-cn-.-

`q-I-º- X-cw-K-ß-fp-sS- th-K-X- \n-b-¥n-°p-∂-Xn¬- H-cp- \-√- ]-¶v-

h-ln-°p-∂-Xv- ]¿-h-X-ß-fm-Wv.- `q-tKm-f-Øn-s‚- B-¥-cn-I-hpw- _m-

ly-hp-am-b- L-S-\- ]-cn-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn¬- ]¿-∆hX-ßƒ-°v- K-W-y-am-b

]-¶p-≠v.- `-q-an-bp-sS- k-¥p-en-X-X-zw- kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn¬- ]¿-h-X-ß-fp-

sS- k-w-`-m-h-\-sb-°p-dn-®v-- a-\- n-em-b-Xv- Nµ-tKm-f-sØ-°p-dn-®- ]-T-\-

Øn¬- \n-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- q-an-bp-sS- A-Sn-bn¬- _-kmƒ- n¬- sN-∂p-ap- p-

∂-th-cp-I-fp-≠v-,- ]¿-h-X-ßƒ-°.-v- Cu- th-cp-I-fm-Wv- `q-an-sb- kw-X-p-

en-X-am-bn- \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂-Xv-.- q-an-bp-sS- ]-X-e-Øn¬- A-Sn-®p-I-b-‰n-b-

B-Wn-I-sft∏m-se-bm-Wv-]¿-hX-ß-fp-sS- In-S-∏v-.- -"`q-an-sb- \m-sa-m-cp-

hncn-∏pw- ]¿-h-X-ß-sf- B-Wn-I-fp-am-°n-bn-t√-'- (Jp¿-B≥- 78:-6,-7)- sb-

∂pw "`q-an- A-h-sc-bpw- sIm-≠v- C-f-Im-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\m-bn- A-Xn¬- \mw-

D-d®v- \n¬-°p-∂- ]¿-h-X-ßfp-≠m-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p'- (Jp¿-

B≥- 21:-31)- F-∂pw- Jp¿-B≥- ]-Jym-]n-°p-tºmƒ- B-[p\n-I- im-kv-

X-Øn-s‚- I-≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-ßƒ- ]-Xn-\m-ev- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°v- ap-ºv- C-X-

Ir-Xr-am-bn- ]-d-™-sX-ß-s\-sb-∂v- \-mw- A-¤p-X-s∏-´-v- t]m-Ip-∂p.-

P-¥p-tem-I-Øv- \-S-°p-∂- ]-Xyp¬-]m-Z-\w- s]m-Xp-sh- ssew-KnI-

am-Wv.- k-k-y-tem-I-Øv- sse-w-Kn-I-hpw- A-sse-w-Kn-I-hp-am-b- ]-Xyp¬

]m-Z-\- co-Xn-I-fp-≠v-.- sse-Kn-I- ]-Xyp¬-]m-\-Øn¬- C-W-I-fp-sS- A-

\n-hm-c-y-X- B¿-°pw- t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xn-√.- Cu- C-W-I-fm-Wv- P¥p-

k-ky-ß-fp-sS- \n-e-\n¬-]-n-\v- \n-Zm-\w-.- Po-hn-Iƒ- am-X-a-√- A-tN-X-\-

am-b- ]-e- h-kv-Xp-°-fpw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv- C-W-I-fp-sS- kw-k¿-K-Øn¬

\n-∂m-sW-∂v- B-[p-\n-I- im-kv-Xw- kn-≤m¥-n--°p-∂-≠v.-- ssh-Zyp-Xn-

bp-sS- \n-e-\n¬-]n\v-- Im-c-Ww- t]m-kn-‰o-hv- s\-K-‰o-hv- Nm-¿-Pp-I-fp-sS-

A-kv-X-n-Xz-am-W-t√m-.- ]-Zm¿-∞-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- au-en-I- I-W-ß-fm-b-

B-‰-Øn-\-I-Øp-≈- C-e-Iv-tSm-Wpw- t]m-t´m-Wpw- C-W-I-fm-sW-∂pw-

\-ap-s°-√m-a-dn-bm-w.-- au-en-I- I-W-ßƒ- \n¿-an-°-s∏- n-cn°p-∂Xpw- Izm¿

62 63


°p-Iƒ- kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xp-w- C-W-I-fp-sS- kw-K-a-Øn¬-

\n∂mWv.- Jp¿-B-\n-s‚- ]-cm-a¿-iw- F-X- i-cn-.- ""`q-an- ap-f-∏-n-°p-∂-

k-k-y-ß-fnepw- A-h-cp-sS- kz-¥w- h¿-K-ß-fn-epw- A-h¿-°-dn-bm-Ø-

h-kvXp°-fn-epw- s]-´- F-√m- C-W-I-sf-bpw- kr-jv-Sn-®-h≥- F-X- ]-cn-

ip≤≥''- (36:36)-.-

A-¤p-Xw-!- Cu- h-N-\-ßƒ- sa-m-gn-bp-∂-Xv- B-dmw- \q-‰m-≠n¬- Pohn-

®- \n-c-£-c-\m-b- H-cp- a-\p-jy-\m-Wv-.- C--cp-]-Xmw- \q-‰m-≠n-¬- am-Xw-

I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏- - im-kv-X-h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ H-cp- sX-‰pw- ]-‰m-sX- Cu- hN-

\-ß-fn¬- hy-‡-am-Ip-∂p.- C-\n-bpw- \-mw- Nn-¥-n-°p-I.-- Cu- K-Ÿw-

ssZ-hn-I-a-√-sb-∂v ]-d-bm-s\-ß-s\- km-[n-°pw-?- `q-X-Im-e-hpw- `m-hn-

Im-e-hpw- h-¿-Ø-am-\-Im-e-hpw- -hy-‡-am-bn- A-dn-bm-hp-∂- c-l-ky-hpw-

]-c-k-yhpw- i-cn-°-dn-bm-hp-∂- H-cp-h-\-n¬- \n-∂√m-sX- Cu- K-Ÿap-

≠m-hp-I- km-[y-a-√- X-s∂-.-

Jp-¿-B-\n-s‚- ]-J-ym-]-\w- FX- i-cn- "]-d-bp-I-:- Cu- Jp¿B-\n-\v-

k-a-a-m-sbm-∂v- sIm-≠p- h-cp-hm≥- th-≠n- a-\p-jy-cp-w- Pn-∂pw- H-cp-an-

®v- tN¿-∂m-epw- C-Xn-\v- k-a-am-b-Xv- A-h¿- sIm-≠p-h-cn-I-bn-√.- A-h¿-

X-Ωn¬- X-Ωn¬- k-lm-bn-®n-cp-∂m-epw- i-cn-'- (J-p¿-B≥- 17:-88).--

D]kw-lm-cw-

H-cp- th-Z-K-Ÿ-Ø-n-\v- B-h-i-y-am-b-F-√m- Kp-W-ß-fpw- H-Øp- tN¿

∂n-´p-≈-Xv- Jp¿-B\n¬- am-X-am-sW-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv- k-Xyw.-

Jp-¿-B≥- ssZ-hn-I- K-Ÿ-am-sW-∂v- k-z-bw- ]-Jym-]n-°p-∂p-.- AXv-

\¬-Ip-∂- [m¿-an-I- k-Zm-Nm-c- \n-b-a-ßƒ-°v- Xp-e-y-am-b- \-n-b-a-ßƒ-

a-s‰m-cp- K-Ÿ-Øn-ep-an-√.- A-Xp- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂- N-cn-Xw- I-f-¶-c-ln-X-

hpw- k-X-y-k-‘-hp-am-Wv.-- A-Xn¬- bm-sXm-cp- ssh-cp-[-y-ß-fp-an-√.- Ah-

X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´- co-Xn-bn¬- C-∂pw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂- G-I- th-Z-K-Ÿ-hpw-

A-sXm-∂p-am-X-am-Wv.- A-Xv- tem-I-Øn-\p-ap-ºn-¬- sIm-≠p-h-∂- hy‡n-

H-cn-°-se-¶n-epw- I-f-hp-]-d-™-n-ń-√-.- A-Xv- kr-jv-Sn-®- hn-π-h-w- A-Xp-

ey-am-Wv.- A-Xv- H-tc-k-a-bw- H-cp- th-Z-K-Ÿ-hpw- A-am-\p-jn-I- Zr-jv-Sm-

¥-hp-am-Wv.- A-Xn-te-Xn-\v- Xp-ey--am-bn- H-c[--ym-b-sa-¶n-epw- sIm-≠p-h-

cm≥- th-≠n- Jp¿-B≥- \-S-Øn-b- sh-√p-hn-fn-°v- C-Xp-h-sc-bpw- D-Ø-

cw- \¬-I-s∏-ń-ń-√-.- A-Xp-\-S-Øn-b- ]-h-N-\-ß-sf-m-∂pw- sX-‰n-bn-ń-√.-

i-m-kvX- km-t¶-Xn-I- c-w-K-Øv- \-S-∂- A-Xn- i-‡-am-b- h-n-π-h-ßƒ-

s°m-∂pw- X-s∂- Jp¿-B-\n-se- H-cp- h-N-\w- t]m-epw- sX-‰m-sW-∂v-

sX-fn-bn-°m≥- I-gn-™-n-ń-√.-

F-¶n¬- F-¥p-sIm-≠v- Jp¿B≥- ssZ-hn-I-am-bn- A-w-Ko-I-cn-®p-

Iq-Sm?--.- ssZ-hn-I- K-Ÿ-Øn-\p-≠-m-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂v- \-Ωp-sS- a-\- v- a¥n-

°p-∂- F-√m- k-h-n-ti-j- m-h-ß-fp-ap-≈- H-scm--‰- K-Ÿw- am-X-sa- \ap-

°v- ap-∂n¬- ]-Xy£-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈q˛Jp¿-B≥-.- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- \-ap-°-w-

Ko-I-cn-°mw-,- A-sXm-cp- ssZ-hn-I- K-Ÿam-sW-∂v.-

Jp¿-B≥- k-Xy-th-Z-amtWm-sb-∂v- ]-cn-tim[-n-°m≥- th-≠n- AXv-

a-\p-j-y-tcm-Sv- B-l-zm-\w- sN-øp-∂p.- ]-cn-tim-[\-bn¬- A-Xv- ssZ-hn-I-

am-sW-∂v- sXfn-™p-- I-gn-™m¬- X-s≥d- Po-hn-X- am¿-K-tc-J-bm-bn-

A-Xn-s\- kzo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xv- Hm-tcm- a-\p-jy-s‚-bpw- _m-[y-X-bm-Wv-.- tI-

h-e- \n-tj-[n-I-fm-bn- Jp¿-B-\n-s\- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m-Ø-h¿-°v-v- I-Tn-\-

am-b- i-n-£-bm-Wv- a-c-Wm-\-¥-c-w- \¬-I-s∏-Sp-I-sb-∂- k-Xyw- Jp¿-

B≥- X-s∂- D¬-tLm-jn-°p-∂p-≠v.- " \-Ωp-sS- Zm-k-∂v- \mw- A-h-X-cn-

∏n-®p- sIm-Sp-Ø-Xn-s\- (hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B-\n-s\-)- ]-‰n- \n-ßƒ- kw-i-

bm-ep-°-fm-sW-¶n¬- A-Xn-t‚-Xv- t]m-ep-≈- H-cp- A-[ym-b-sa-¶n-epw-

\n-ßƒ- sIm-≠p- h-c-n-I-.- A-√m-lp-hn-∂p- ]p-d-sa- \n-ßƒ-°p-≈- klm-

bn-I-sf-bpw- hn-fn-®p-sIm-≈p-I.- \n-ßƒ- k-Xy-hm-∑m-cm-W-¶n¬-.- (AXm-

W-s√m- th-≠-Xv-) \n-ßƒ-°v- A-Xv- sN-øm≥- I-g-n-bn-s√-¶n¬-- \nßƒ-

°-Xv- H-cn-°n-epw- sN-øm≥- I-gn-bp-I-bp-an-√˛ a-\-p-jy-cpw- I-√p-I-fpw-

C-‘-\am-bn- I-Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂- \-c-I-m·n-sb- \n-ßƒ- Im-Øv- kq-£n

®p-sIm-≈p-I.- k-Xy-\ntj-[n-Iƒ-°v- th-≠n- H-cp-°-s∏- -Xm-Ip-∂p- AXv'-

(Jp¿-B≥- 2:-23,-24).-

*****

64 65


Iq-Sp-X-e-dn-b-m≥-:-

U-b-d-Iv-S¿-

\n-®v- Hm-^v- Sq-Øv-

I-em-`h≥- tdm-Uv-

sIm-®n≥ -˛ 682 018

t^m¨-:- 0484 ˛ 2367810,- 2352421

^-m-Iv-kv-:- 0484 ˛ 2380746

Website: www.nicheoftruth.orgE-mail: [email protected]

pw cxc thz-§fpw · jpÀ-b\pw cxc thz-§fpw jpÀ-b\pw cxc thz-§fpw qur'anum ithara vedangalum...

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