q14 do changes in the sun and volcanic eruptions affect the ozone layer? claudia mignani
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Q14Do changes in the Sun and volcanic eruptions affect the ozone layer?
Claudia Mignani
![Page 2: Q14 Do changes in the Sun and volcanic eruptions affect the ozone layer? Claudia Mignani](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082422/56649efe5503460f94c137e8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Q14 Do changes in the Sun and volcanic eruptions affect the ozone layer?
Changes in the Sun:• Solar radiation ↑ → O3 ↑
O2 + hν → 2 O
O + O2 + M → O3 + M
Volcanic eruption:
• Volcanic particles (sulfate particles) ↑→ solar
transmission ↓ → O3 ↓
But: ozone response depends on the amount of equivalent effectivestratospheric chlorine (EESC):
Low EESC → ozone decreases slightly High EESC → ozone decreases significantly
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Q14 Do changes in the Sun and volcanic eruptions affect the ozone layer?
Changes in the Sun:• 11-year solar cycle
→ O3 variation: 1 – 2%
Volcanic eruption:
• Mt. Agung (1963, EESC low)
→ O3 unaffected• El Chichón (1982, EESC high)
Mt. Pinatubo (1991, EESC very high)
→ O3 temporarily ↓
until volcanic particles (short residence time) are removed by natural processes
Changes in the sun and volcanic eruptions affectthe ozone layer but they cannot account for thecontinuous long-term decrease of global ozoneover the last three decades