qa-00135--cloud computing whats the buzz

8/3/2019 Qa-00135--Cloud Computing Whats the Buzz

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eVapt Inc. is a USbased, whollyowned

subsidiary of MagnaQuest, and enables the

metering, billing, subscription management

and payasyouuse model for Cloud

computing, SaaS, OnDemand Content and

Mobile VAS service providers. eVapts on

demand

billing

and

monetization

platform

enables service providers to both automate

their back office operations, as well as

supportmoresophisticatedpricingandbilling

models.

eVapt is revolutionizing the way Cloud

businesses can run and manage billing. In

addition to dramatically simplifying a service

providersbilling,

payments

and

subscription

management capabilities, eVapt can also

offer additional benefits to other parts of a

serviceprovidersorganization:

Marketing: Determine optimal ways to

package Cloud Computing offerings into

pricing and discount schedules. Build and

manage marketing programs around

discounts,couponsandcustomerloyalty.

Finance and Accounting: Manage contracts,

commitments, and mediate the contract

terms with actual usage to determine billing

and overage fees. Manage the endtoend

billing,paymentsandcollectionprocess.

Sales: Manage the trialtosubscription

process, upselling, renewal and customer

supportprocess.

Product

Management:

Understand

the

featuresetsthatareusedmostoftenbyyour

customers, and incorporate these findings

intoproductenhancementsthatwillhavethe

biggestimpact.

eVapt is a comprehensive and market

proven product that can be easily integrated

with your operations. It currently services

hundredsof

users

and

millions

of

subscribers

across the globe. From subscriber acquisition

to subscriber retention, eVapt handles all

aspects of creating, managing and cultivating

relationships, throughout the subscriber

lifecycle. Its architecture ensures that the

entire network of internal and external

relationships is seamless and geared to

enhancethe

subscriber

experience.

eVapthasbuiltaworldclasssolution that

supports metering, billing and subscription

management. Cloud computing service

providers will have the access to robust

feature sets including Customer Information

Management, Product Management, Service

Fulfillment, Policy Management, Prepaid &

Postpaid billing, Rating, Collections,Customer

CareandSelfCare.

In summary, the eVapt solution provides

Cloud Computing providers with best

practicescapabilities intheareasofcontract

management, billing, mediation and revenue

settlement, and will enable service providers

to better focus on their core business

strengthsandservicedeliverycapabilities.


3/36

3

With

great

enthusiasm

and

pleasure

we

have

comeoutwithsecond issueofCONFLUENT.This

timewebroughtcloudstoearth,jokesapartthe

themeisCloudComputing.

But any management magazine cannot be

complete without a welldeserved tribute to an

eminent thought leader, renownedmanagement

thinker and a distinguished professor, CK

PrahaladwhotragicallypassedawayonApril16th

,

2010.

It

was

a

huge

loss

to

management

world

that was enlightened by his works on Strategic

Intent, Core Competence and Bottom of the

Pyramid;lastofwhichwasmostfamous,opened

agatewayintopeoplebelowpovertylinebeingas

aworldmarket.

Professor CK Prahalad will

always be remembered

amongthegreatestthought

leaders

of

the

21st

century.

A sharp and analytical mind,

hisabilitytodrilldowntothe

core of the problem and

come up with innovative

solutions was legendary. His ground breaking

workon strategyundoubtedly represents oneof

the significant contributions in the evolution of

managementtheory.

He

broke

away

from

the

mould

of

purely

analytical and mechanistic ways. Instead, he

advocated the need to shift out focus from

merely incremental change to revolutionary

change. In true sense, he lifted management

thoughttonewlevelsofexcitementandactivism.

He worked with missionary zeal to get Indian

businesses to uncover the vast opportunities at

the bottom of the pyramid. This is not only

becauseofthe latentbusinessopportunities,but

also because of his conviction thats how the

poorcouldbeuplifted,andthatshowbusinesses

could

win

the

legitimacy

and

trust

that

they

deserved. His theory and vision behind the

viability of the highvolume, lowcost business

models was pathbreaking, said Kiran Karnik,

formerpresidentofNASSCOM.

Itsa profound loss. CKPwas notonly a great

management thinker but also a luminous

intellect always renewing himself, said RK

Krishna Kumar, vicechairman, Indian Hotels,

and

director,

Tata

Sons,

who

has

known

Mr.

Prahaladforthelast40years.

Itwas inhis book"TheNewAgeof Innovation:

Driving CoCreated Value through Global

Networks"heproposed N=1statesthat"value

isbasedonunique,personalizedexperiencesof

consumers." That is, even companies serving

100 million consumers need to focus on

individuals. R=G, meanwhile, argues that since

no

company

can

hope

to

satisfy

the

varied

expectations of so many consumers, it must

diversifyhowitoperates.

Heforesawthemarketandproposedtheabove

whichisTHEBASEOFCLOUDCOMPUTING.

That being said, I invite all readers to the

WorldofCloudComputing.

Mailtheeditor:[email protected]

FromtheEditorsDesk

AniketChauhan


4/36

INTHISISSUE

Technology

CloudComputingWhatstheBuzz?

VaishaliBanerjee

Reliability&SecurityofCloud

Computing

AchintyaAgarwal

DetailedAnalysisofC2

AdamHusain,KaranJariwala,NikhilSarup,

PragathiMS&SharendranMannar

CloudComputing:ADevelopingWorld

Perspective

NinadDhavase

TheGoldenCloud

ParulSaxena

ProductReviewHTCEVO4G

ParampreetSaluja

Management

ManagingtheClouds

AnamikaDatta

MarkShuttleworth

SudarshanTaparia

General

THEGGAME

ParampreetSaluja

NaturallyIT

RichaSingh

EditorinChief

AniketChauhan

CoreTechnicalTeam

TeamHeads

AkashMohan

Tushar

Swapnil

Gadre

Members

Vaishali Banerjee AchintyaAgarwal ParanpreetS

SudarshanTaparia SaurabhAcharya

ManagementTeam

TeamHeads

MousumiRay KrutarthM

Members

RichaSingh

Anamika

Datta

Ninad

Dhavase

NikhilSarup ParulSaxena

IndustryConnectTeam

TeamHeads

AnushreeSen SheetuLuthraMembers

NirajBhave AbhishekMardikar NipunMohanty

TapendraMarwah UshaKiranKorla

AnalysisTeam

TeamHeads

SupamDua AkashTotade

Members

PragathiM.S. AdamHusain SharendranM

NikhilSarup KaranJariwala

DesignTeam

TeamHead

JaisonSalu

John

Members

VaishaliBanerjee AchintyaAgarwal ParthaPKarjee

ApoorvaSrivastava AmitSingh

FusionTeam

TeamHeads

SanketJarunde ShaliniM

Members

AnushkaSaha

Tarang

Bahuguna

Anjali

Yadav

JavedShabirAli PallaviMitra

CO

NF

LU

EN

TT

EA

M


5/36

5

Cricket isagamewherethebowlerthrows

aball

towards

the

batsmen.

An iPhone is a device that lets you call

anywhereintheworld.

TheNiagara Falls is a tourist attraction in

Canada.

These statements are not wrong, per se. But

they still take you aback, dont they? They

miss the most important point, miss the

magic, miss the crux and neglect the most

important differentiators. They by explaining

the subject too little, define the subject too

narrowly,andfinallytellnothingthatisuseful

tothereader.

Heresanother:

Cloud computing is where you have a lot of

intelligence in the network and its available

fromwhereveryouneedtogettoit

The main problem is that the mainstream

media covering cloud computing has decided

thatthebestwaytoexplainthephenomenon

is to make handwaving general statements

such as the above example from

BusinessWeek.

In its broadest sense, cloud computing

describes something apparent to anybody

who uses the Internet: Information is stored

andprocessed

on

computers

somewhere

else

"intheclouds" andbroughtbacktoyour

In2006theChiefExecutiveofGoogleInc.Eric

Schmidt

publicly

articulated

the

term

"cloud

computing".Eversincethenastormhasbeen

congregating over the Silicon Valley.

Technology industry companies have been

jockeyingtoassociatethemselveswithclouds.

Amazon.com Inc., better known for peddling

booksonline,begansellinganElasticCompute

Cloudservicein2006forprogrammerstorent

Amazon's giant computers. Juniper Networks

Inc., which made gear for transmitting data,

dubbed its latest project Stratus. Yahoo Inc.,

Intel Corp. and a handful of others recently

launched a research program called

OpenCirrus.

While almost everybody in the tech industry

seems to have a cloud based project or at

least are talking about the latest buzz, very

few

actually

truly

understand

its

meaning

or

agree upon a common definition."I have no

idea what anyone is talking about," said

Oracle Corp. Chief Executive Larry Ellison,

when talking about cloud computing at a

financial analyst conference in September,

2009. "It's really just complete gibberish.

What is it?" He added: "When is this idiocy

goingtostop?"

Considerthesestatements:

[CLOUDCOMPUTINGWHATSTHEBUZZ?]VaishaliBanerjee


6/36

6

screen.Letstakeanexample.Letussaythat

you are an executive at a large firm. Your

responsibility is to provide each employee

working at your firm with the proper

infrastructure. This includes not only

computers,

but

also

software

and

software

license for using them. It becomes a great

headache for you to buy so many software

andinstallthemoneachcomputer.Theremay

be an alternative for executives like you.

Instead of installing a suite of software for

each computer, you'd only have to load one

application. That application would allow

workerstologintoaWebbasedservicewhich

hosts

all

the

programs

the

user

would

need

forhisorherjob.Remotemachinesownedby

another company would run everything from

email to word processing to complex data

analysisprograms.It'scalledcloudcomputing,

and it could change the entire computer

industry.

DifferentLevelsofCloudComputing

Cloudcomputingistypicallydividedintothree

levels of service offerings that are described

below: Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform

as

a

Service

(PaaS),

and

Infrastructure

as

a

service (IaaS). These levels support

virtualization and management of differing

levelsofthesolutionstack.

SoftwareasaService

ASaaSprovidertypicallyhostsandmanagesa

givenapplicationintheirowndatacenterand

makes it available to multiple tenants and

usersover

the

Web.

Some

SaaS

providers

run

on another cloud providers PaaS or IaaS

service offerings. Oracle CRM On Demand,

Salesforce.com,andNetsuitearesomeofthe

wellknownSaaSexamples.

PlatformasaService

Platform as a Service (PaaS) is an application

development and deployment platform

deliveredas

aservice

to

developers

over

the

Web. It facilitates development and

deployment of applications without the cost

and complexity of buying and managing the

underlying infrastructure, providing all of the

facilitiesrequiredtosupportthecompletelife

cycle of building and delivering web

applications and services entirely available

from the Internet. This platform consists of

infrastructuresoftware,and typically includes

a database, middleware and development

tools.

InfrastructureasaService

InfrastructureasaService(IaaS)isthedelivery

of hardware (server, storage and network),

and associated software (operating systems

virtualization

technology,

file

system),

as

aservice.Itisanevolutionoftraditionalhosting

that does not require any long term


7/36

7

commitment and allows users to provision

resources on demand. Unlike PaaS services,

theIaaSproviderdoesverylittlemanagement

other than keep the data center operational

and users must deploy and manage the

software

services

themselves

just

the

way

theywould intheirowndatacenter.Amazon

WebServicesElasticComputeCloud(EC2)and

Secure Storage Service (S3) are examples of

IaaSofferings.

TypesofClouds

As we focus on building the cloud, a number

ofmodelshavebeendevelopedfordeploying

acloudinfrastructure.

PrivateClouds

In a private cloud, the infrastructure for

implementing the cloud is controlled

completely by the enterprise. Typically,

private clouds are implemented in the

enterprises data center and managed by

internalresources.

Aprivate

cloud

maintains

all

corporate

data

in

resources under the control of the legal and

contractualumbrellaoftheorganization.This

eliminates the regulatory, legal and security

concerns associated with information being

processedonthirdpartycomputingresources.

Currently, private clouds require Capital

Expenditure and Operational Expenditure as

well

as

highly

skilled

labor

to

ensure

that

businessservicescanbemet.

PublicClouds

In a public cloud, external organizations

provide the infrastructure and management

required to implement the cloud. Public

clouds dramatically simplify implementation

and are typically billed based on usage. This

transfers the cost from a capital expenditure

toanoperationalexpenseandcanquicklybe

scaled to meet the organizations needs.

Temporary applications or applications with

burst resource requirements typically benefit

from the public clouds ability to ratchet up

resources when needed and then scale them

back

when

they

are

no

longer

needed.

In

a

private cloud, the company would need to

provision for the worst case across all the

applicationsthatsharetheinfrastructure.This

can result in wasted resources when

utilizationisnotatitspeak.

HybridClouds

To meet the benefits of both approaches,

newerexecution

models

have

been

developed

to combine public and private clouds into a

unifiedsolution.

Applications with significant legal, regulatory

or service level concerns for information can

be directed to a private cloud. Other

applications with less stringent regulatory or

service level requirements can leverage a

publiccloudinfrastructure.

Implementation of a hybrid model requires

additional coordination between the private

and public service management system. This

typically involves a federated policy

management tool, seamless hybrid

integration, federated security, information

asset management, coordinated provisioning

control,andunifiedmonitoringsystems.


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8

CloudComputingConcerns

Security andPrivacy are perhaps the biggest

concerns in a cloud computing environment.

The idea of handing over important data to

another company worries some people.

Corporate executives might hesitate to take

advantage of a cloud computing system

because they can't keep their company's

informationunderlockandkey.

San Jose, California

(CNN) says, I keep

thousands of photos

onFlickr. I'vealsogot

them

on

Facebook

and tucked away in

five years of Gmail messages. My videos are

on12secondsandYouTube I'veblogged from

MadagascaronBlogger;mytechwriting ison

WordPress;andIpostrandomsnippetsofinfo

on Tumblr and Twitter. This is notjust data.

It'smylife.AndIwouldbesickifIlostitorin

anywaytamperedwith.Previousgenerations

stored

their

family

photos

and

important

documents in safety deposit boxes or under

the mattress. Here it is 2009, and I have no

ideawheremydatalives.

This is the main issue with cloud computing

that we do not know where our data is kept

and whether it is well secured or will its

security and privacy will be compromised at

somepoint

of

time

Privacy

is

another

matter.

If a client can log in from any location to

access data and applications, it's possible the

client's privacy could be compromised. Cloud

computing companies will need to find ways

to protect client privacy. One way is to use

authenticationtechniquessuchasusernames

and passwords. Another is to employ an

authorization format each user can access

onlythe

data

and

applications

relevant

to

his

orherjob.

TheRoadAhead

How will cloud computing affect other

industries?There'sagrowingconcernintheIT

industry about how cloud computing could

impactthebusinessofcomputermaintenance

and repair. If companies switch to using

streamlined computer systems, they'll have

fewerITneeds.Someindustryexpertsbelieve

that the need for ITjobs will migrate to the

back end of the cloud computing

system.Cloud computing offers real

alternatives to IT departments for improved

flexibility and lower cost. Markets are

developing

for

the

delivery

of

software

applications,platforms,andinfrastructureasa

service to IT departments over the cloud.

Theseservicesarereadilyaccessibleonapay

peruse basis and offer great alternatives to

businesses that need the flexibility to rent

infrastructure on a temporary basis or to

reducecapitalcosts.SowillCloudComputing

prove tobeaboon for the IT industryorwill

comeout

as

abane,

time

will

only

tell.

References:

[1] An Oracle White Paper in Enterprise

Architecture, August 2009, Architectural

StrategiesforCloudComputing

[2] An RPath white paper, Application

ArchitectureforCloudComputing


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9

Cloud computing has become the fastest

potential

sector

in

Information

Technology.

WhowouldsaynotoITinfrastructurewithout

the attached high capital expenditures?

Businesses do not have to bother with the

intricaciesofmanaginginfrastructurewhichis

not utilised fully. With typical usage patterns

ofservers inaDataCenterway lessthanfull,

businessesarebesickofpayingforsomething

used only for occasional load spikes. Cloud

computing

has

come

as

a

boon

for

both

providers and customers. The term cloud

computing is relatively new while the actual

concepts behind it have existed from the

1990s.

The two biggest sore points of Cloud

Computing

are

the

reliability

of

the

services

andthesecurityofthedatawithin.Reliability

relates to the uptime of all the services one

subscribestoandsecurityrelatestothedata

stored at the provider end being secure and

inaccessible to third parties. There are

numerousexamplesofthecloudservicegoing

down.

Reliability

AmazonsElasticCloudComputeservicegoes

down[1]

;Rackspace,amajorhostingproviders

server hosting multiple client virtual servers

crashes

[2]

;

Amazon

had

a

major

power

outrage

in May 2010[3]

which left some of its

customers offline; A software glitch caused

Amazons Storage Services to go offline[4]

;

Gmail has regular outages occurring more

than once to twice a year[2][5][6]

; Google App

Engine suffered an outage in February 2010

due to a power failure[1]

; an Australian

company called Datacom suffered a major

outagedue

to

apower

failure

in

March

2010

[1]; Microsoft subsidiary, Danger, suffered

major data losses due to a power failure in

October 2010 where the data was for the

cloudenabledSidekickmobilephone[7]

.These

arejustafewscenarioswhichhavehappened

inthepast.

These

incidents

point

out

that

trusting

your

(virtual)hardware,softwareordatatoathird

party provider isjust not a viable option for

mostcompanies.TheSLAsprovidedbymost

providerscomewithmajorridersandhidden

clauses,andarealmostneveradheredto.

Services liketheChromeOS,whichare little

more than a thin client on steroids, are

heavily dependent upon the cloud. T

MobilesSidekickmobile iscompletelycloud

based. All the data would be stored on the

[RELIABILITYANDSECURITYOFCLOUDCOMPUTING]

AchintyaAgarwal


10/36

10

cloud and any outage would result in you

beingunabletoaccessanyofthedata,oreven

datalossasinthecaseofSidekick.

Thesetechnicalrisksarenttheonlyreliability

issues involved. What happens in case you

cloud

provider

goes

out

of

business?

The

applicationorservicesyouhavebeenusingfor

some time now would be suddenly

unavailable.Andsinceeverythingisofferedas

a service, there is no falling back on legacy

systemsbeingrunoncrutches.

Reliability does notjust mean the absence of

service; It also means that the services being

subscribed to, not being provided in their

entirety.

For

a

consumer,

a

slowdown

in

servicesbeingconsumedcanhaveagreatloss

onprofits.Ifamanagerisunabletoaccesshis

hostedservicesprovider inatimelyfashion, it

may result in contracts worth millions being

lost.

Security

Securitycanbebroadly

classified into three

types Data Security,

Access Security and

Transmission Security.

Sincethedatadoesnot

reside inhouse in the case of cloud

computing, all three factorsneed to be taken

careofinahighlydetailedmanner.

This is one of the first issues is with the SaaS

model.

Today,

most

providers

focus

on

delivering application by using web standards

suchasHTML,CSSand JavaScript.This leaves

them highly vulnerable to Cross Site Scripting

(XSS) and other types of web attacks. A few

years back there was a major case of Gmail

being affected with such an XSS attack which

enablesamaliciouswebpagetogetaccessto

yourentirecontactlist[8]

.

Mostof

the

other

issues

with

security

in

cloud

computingarethesameasthoseofanyforms

of data storage outsourcing. Security issues

are numerous and data security techniques

and provisions will vary from provider to

provider,fromcountrytocountry.

The cloud presents a very juicy target to

malicioushackersasitrepresentsacollection

of

data

from

various

sources

in

one

place,

which can be easily hacked into and

exploited. In such cases where multiple

clients data is being stored within the same

logical network, the security of the system

becomes as strong as the security of the

weakestlink,i.e.leastsecurityawareclient.If

a hacker exploits a vulnerability in one

system, he can gain access to the data of

othersas

well.

This

can

be

especially

observed

on shared webhosting solutions on which

manywebsitesarehosted.

Afewquestionswhichneedtobeaskedwhen

lookingatsecurityofthecloudare:

Whereisthedatalocated?

Who

has

Access?

Canyouaudityourprovider?

What kind of data segregation and

securitysystemsdoestheprovideruse?

What are the Disaster Recovery &

BusinessContinuityPlans?

Whatessentialsystemsdoesthecompany

needinthecaseofaprovideroutage?

FinalWords

An important facet while purchasing cloud

services is the need to know the underlying


11/36

11

structure and design of the hardware and

software. If there are not adequate controls

provided to keep up the security and

reliability of the services consumed then a

consumercannevertrustsomeonewhomhe

already hasabit of trust issueswith.Always

know that there will always be a tradeoff

between cost and reliability & security and

alwayshave

backup

plans

in

place

in

the

case

ofaprovideroutage.

References

[1] Google Apps Fowntime Report: Perfect

Example?, July 25, 2010, http://

administratosphere.wordpress.com/2010/

03/08/googleappsdowntimereport

perfectexample/

[2] The Day After: A Brutal Week for

Uptime, July 26 , 2010, http://

w w w . d a t a c e n t e r k n o w l e d g e . c o m /

archives/2009/07/06/theday aftera

brutalweekforuptime/

[3] Amazon Addresses EC2 Power Outages,

J u l y 2 5 , 2 0 1 0 , h t t p : / /

w w w . d a t a c e n t e r k n o w l e d g e . c o m /

archives/2010/05/10/amazon

addresses

ec2poweroutages/

[4] Storms in the cloud leave users up creek

without a paddle, July 26, 2010, http://

a r s t e c h n i c a . c o m / m i c r o s o f t /

news/2008/08/stormsinthecloudsleave

usersupcreekwithoutapaddle.ars

[5] ItsNotJustYou:GmailNotWorkingFor

Most Users, July 27, 2010, http://

mashable.com/2009/09/24/gmail

is

down2/

[6] Gmail Is Down Again, July 27, 2010,

http://mashable.com/2009/09/24/gmailis

down4/

[7] Microsoft Loses Sidekick Users' Personal

D a t a , J u l y 2 7 , 2 0 1 0 , h t t p : / /

w w w . p c w o r l d . c o m / b u s i n e s s c e n t e r /

a r t i c l e / 1 7 3 4 5 7 /

microsoft_loses_sidekick_users_personal_

data.html

[8] Gmail bug exposes your mail account to

spammers, July 24, 2010, http://

www.engadget.com/2007/01/01/gmail

b u g e x p o s e sy o u r m a i l a c c o u n t t o

spammers/

[9]

Cloudcomputing

promise

still

stormy

with

reliability issues, July 24, 2010, http://

arstechnica.com/web/news/2009/07/

cloudcomputingpromisestillstormywith

reliabilityissues.ars

[10]ReliabilityandCloudComputing,July26,

2010,http://www.enkiconsulting.net/blog/

reliabilityandcloudcomputing.html

[11]Cloud computing security issues:

Protecting your UC applications, July 27,

2 0 1 0 , h t t p : / /

searchunifiedcommunications.techtarget.c

o m /

tip/0,289483,sid186_gci1516270,00.html

[12]Twitterbreachrevivessecurityissueswith

cloud computing, July 27, 2010, http://

w w w . c o m p u t e r w o r l d . c o m / s /

a r t i c l e / 9 1 3 5 8 9 3 /Twitter_breach_revives_security_issues_wi

th_cloud_computing_


12/36

12

Trends

It is evident that this technology is slowly

finding its way into the enterprise especially

as a testing and development environment.

However cloud vendors are still trying to

grow to become a platform for business

criticalapplications.Theyarealreadyworking

on standards and security issues, improving

service level agreements and charging the

clients based on software use and not per

seatcost.

The coming years will be all about moving

enterprises to the cloud and the trends

drivingitare

Commoditycloudpriceslashing

As

per

Jeff

Maling,

CEO

of

Roundarch

Inc.,

a

Web Services Consultancy in Chicago Cloud

pricing isgetting so low its ludicrous.Cloud

computing vendors are pricing very

aggressively togetvolumeon theplatform.

InNovember2009,AmazonEC2cutpricesup

to 15%, Google cut its Picasa photo sharing

pricingfrom$20to$5ayearandMicrosofts

Business Productivity Online Suite which

includesthe

SaaS

versions

of

Exchange

went

from$15amonthperuserto$10.

Movetosimplercloudpricingmodels

The pricingcomplexity is increasingamongst

cloud computing vendors as they

continuously adding more options and

services. For instance, Amazon has a

calculator for estimating the cost of

bandwidth

transfers,

load

balancing

and

elasticIP.AhmarAbbas,seniorvicepresident

ofremote infrastructuremanagementatCSS

Corp,anITservicesandconsultingfirminSan

Jose said recently that 2010 may see a

proliferation of allyoucaneatpricing

models where a user contracts for a set

numberthatincludesarangeofservices.

Cloud providers increasingly offer

enterprisecalibreSLAs

Imad

Mouline,

the

CTO

of

performance

monitoring firm Lexington, which recently

becameadivisionofCompuwareCorp.,says

it is important to know how good the

providers network connections are. IT

managers would want service level

agreements with cloud providers otherwise

the cloud will remain like a sandbox. Hence,

the cloud will mainly be used as an

applicationfor

testing

and

development.

Newtechnologieswillimproveclouduse

andperformance

The trend is for the third parties to

increasingly focus on adapting data centre

technologies to cloud environments, or

moving applications into the cloud. For

instance, Riverbed Technology Inc., a San

Francisco

based

company

that

makes

WAN

optimization technology is making the core

servicesprovidedbyitshardwareapplication

intoavirtualsystemforuseinthecloud.

Cloud providers address security

concerns

A broad range of companies, including both

the vendors and cloud users formed the

Cloud

Security

Alliance

in

March

2009

to

create a consensus on the issue of security.

CloudComputing (C2) isnotabrandnewrevolution. Ithasevolvedover theperiodof timewiththe

increaseinbusinessability.Moreandmorecompaniesaremovingtowardscloudcomputingfromweb

hosting.Adam Husain, Karan Jariwala, Nikhil Sarup, Pragathi MS and Sharendran

Mannarsharestheir [DETAILEDANALYSISOFC2]


13/36

13

JustinSteinman,vicepresidentofNovell Inc.

andamemberoftheAlliancesaidSecurityis

thenumberoneinhibitortocloudadoption.

For example, if a payroll services provider

conducts services in a third party cloud and

thereis

abreach

of

sensitive

consumer

data

then certain questions need to be answered

suchasWho is liable?Whoownsthedata?

Who sues whom? Justin Steinman sees

these questions would be resolved with the

helpoftoughSLAswithcloudprovidersthat

have drastic penalties if things go wrong.

Cloud users can also expect to see

technologies that enable cloud providers to

meet

different

customer

security

requirements and a push for regulatory

changesthattakeintoaccountcloudservices.

Performance monitoring will become

omnipresent

Cloud services are mainly public consumer

deliveryservicesandwheneveranyofthebig

cloud providers has a data centre glitch it is

immediately noticed. There is constant

scrutiny from large number of third parties

with comparative score cards and glitch

reports.Asaresultcloudprovidersareunder

increasing pressure for tellall reports on

theiroutages.Itisexpectedthatperformance

reporting will be as common as rush hour

trafficreports.

Open standards for cloud computing

advance

Will customers be able to move easily

between clouds depends on how quickly

vendorsandcustomersreachagreementson

standards. InDecember2009, theEnterprise

CloudBuyersCouncilwascreatedtoworkon

security, reliability and interoperability.

Microsoft,

Cisco

and

IBM

are

part

of

this

group.EmilSayegh,generalmanagerofcloud

for Rackspace US Inc. said For cloud

computing to really take off, it has to be

open. Cloud providers will have to allow

movement between clouds and

interoperability, as well as enabling disaster

recovery between clouds. Distributed

Management Task Force (DMTF) that

announced

its

Open

Cloud

Standards

Incubator is working on one its major

problemi.e.thelackofstandardsthatenable

interoperability between private clouds

within the enterprise and hosted or public

cloudproviders.

DecentralizationofITdecisionmaking

One of the first significant actions by

President Barack Obamas federal CIO, Vivek

Kundra,

was

to

create

a

federal

application

storethatallowsU.S.governmentemployees

to order services and tools without

necessarily having to go through an IT

approval process for each and every action.

The federal effort is one of the more visible

signals of a broader trend. After a drive

towards centralization of IT resources and

datacentreconsolidation,businessunitsmay

geta little independencetoaddandremove

ITservicesviacloudproviders.


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14

HRCollaborationwillgoBig

Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

willbejoinedbyHumanCapitalManagement

andcollaboration indrivingcloudapplication

adoption. While Salesforce.com and Oracle

CRM will continue to drive the adoption of

cloudbased CRM, Taleo and Success Factors

willdrivetheadoptionofHCM.GoogleApps

and Cisco WebEx will drive the adoption of

messagingandcollaborationappsbymidsize

andlargeenterprises.

Socialnetworksbecomemainstream inthe

enterprise

Social networking will soon become main

streamintheenterpriseandfinditswayinto

the cloud. The widespread use of social

networks

will

furtherexpand

from

unofficial

to HR and marketing, requiring the

establishment and enforcement of

standardizedenterpriseguidelines.

As and when companies recognize the

monetary and technology benefits of cloud

computing, the number of executives

identifying cloud computing as a priority

would

increase.

Factors

such

as

adoption

ofSoftwareasaservice (SaaS), virtualization

and access to broadband and wireless

networks provide mobile workforces with

new approaches for delivering and receiving

businessapplications.

Across all industries and all company sizes

there is a significant number of individuals

interested inCloudComputingthathavenot

been presented with compelling or relevant

informationregardingCloudComputing. The

willingness of those that are familiar with

Cloud Computing to adopt it combined with

the large number of companies that are still

seeking information and have not formed a

conclusive opinion signals a strong market

opportunity. Innovative providers that

develop clientdriven solutions will continue

to shape the Cloud Computing landscape.

Here are the few examples from many

research

companies

are

known

for

their

credibility.

According to Merrill Lynch research note, by

2011thevolumeofcloudcomputingmarket

opportunity would amount to $160bn,

including $95bn in business and productivity

apps (email, office, CRM, etc.) and $65bn in

onlineadvertising.

Gartner,

a

well

known

information

technology research and advisory firm,

through their research noticed that Cloud


15/36

15

computing is one of the top two strategic

technologies in the year 2009 (Figure shown

earlier). It also predicts that the impact of

cloudcomputing on IT vendorswillbehuge.

Establishedvendorshaveagreatpresence in

traditional

software

markets,

and

as

new

Web 2.0 and cloud business models evolve

and expand outside of consumer markets, a

great deal could change. Gartner predicts

that by 2012, 80 percent of Fortune 1000

enterprises will be paying for some cloud

computing services, and 30 percent will be

paying for cloud computing infrastructure

services.

Here

is

an

example

of

architectural

changes

which Gartner has predicted for the next

coupleofyears.

Phase1:Monolithic(Early)

Earlycloudcomputingservices

willbebasedonproprietaryor

internalarchitectures islands

of

cloud

services

delivered

by

mega

providers.ThisiswhatGoogle,Salesforceand

Microsoftlookliketoday.

Phase 2: Vertical Supply Chain (2+ Years):

Over time, some cloud

providers will leverage cloud

services from other providers

(forexample,ISVsmoving into

SaaS on top of Microsofts Azure Services

Platform, use of Force.com, use of Google

App Engine). Still proprietary islands, but

ecosystemsarestartingtobuild.

Phase 3: Horizontal Federation (4+ Years):

Smaller providers will

federate horizontally to

gaineconomiesofscale

(and efficient use of assets) also,

enterprises

will

leverage

horizontal

federation for peak capacity (overdraft

protection, cloud bursting). There will be

more choices at each layer of cloud

computing, and standards will gain

momentum. Again,this isverysimilartothe

developmentoftheoverallservermarket.

SurveyConductedbyHosting.com

A survey was conducted by Hosting.com

recentlyontheCloudComputingTrends.The

survey was conducted across various

industries such as Financial Services, Retail,

Social Networking, Healthcare,

Manufacturing, IT Service Providers,

Marketing and Advertising, Non Profits and

City

Governments.

69%

of

the

organizations

surveyed had fewer than 100 employees,

20%hadgreaterthan100butlessthan1,000

employees and 11% had greater than 1,000

employees. The annual revenues of the

organizations ranged from less than $1

million to over $100 billion. The survey

provided insight into the expectations small,

medium and large businesses have of cloud

computing,

their

intended

uses,

reasons

for

adopting and expected timeframes for

implementing cloud based solutions. After

analyzing the survey, the following points

couldbeconcluded:

Twothirds of the respondents believe than

cloudcomputingwillhaveamajorimpacton

the IT industry. However, 22% were familiar

with

the

term

cloud

computing

but

did

not

believe it would provide value to their

company. The larger companies view cloud

computing more positively mainly due to

their familiarity with cloud computing

solutions.

The three most important factors driving

organizations of all sizes to invest in cloud

computing are Reduced Costs, Uptime and

Scalability.

Similarly,

the

two

least

factors

driving the organizations to invest in cloud


16/36

16

computing are Rapid Deployment and

ConsumptionbasedPricing.

64% of the organizations (mostly large)

consider security as a top concern for

organizations and understandably so. All

businesses spend countless hours and

investments to protect their valuable data

assets.Duetotheirsize,largecompaniesare

morefrequentlythetargetsofmaliciousdata

attacks and have a greater need to protect

their assets. However, security for

organizationsofallsizeswillbecomelessofa

concern due to advances in virtualised

technologies

that

have

produced

increased

security options to meet any organizations

businessdemands.

Morethan50%ofsmallorganizationsbelieve

cloud computing will evolve to impact their

businessinthenearfuture.

Two solutions best suited for a cloud

computing environment with respect to the

sizeoforganizationsare

250+ Employees Web Applications,

ApplicationServer

50249 Employees Web Applications,

ApplicationServer

149 Employees Web Applications,

DatabaseServer

Hence, it can be seen that hosting web

applications is the most popular solution for

allorganizations.

The preference of organizations to pay for

cloudcomputingservicesare

32% companies prefer monthtomonth, no

contractsandchargedonusageoption

18% companies prefer annual contract and

basedonresourceneedsandburstingoption

16% companies prefer monthtomonth, no

contracts

and

base

fee

plus

resource

bursting

option

34% companies were unsure about the

optiontheywouldprefer

From the above mentioned points it can be

concluded that there is little difference

between how large and small organizations

willutilizecloudcomputing.Forinstance,the

drivingfactors

for

adopting

cloud

services

are

nearly the same for companies of all sizes,

business size is immaterial in how quickly

cloudtechnologieswillbeadopted,executive

leadership in small businesses list cloud

computing as a high priority and so do the

executives of large companies. Small

businesses are likely to receive a greater

amountof ITservicesfromacloudplatform.

Hence cloud providers while continuing to

create cloud based solutions that provide

reduced costs, scalability, improved service

level agreements, increased flexibility and

overall performance must keep in mind the

scopeinsmallbusinesses.

ReactionsofGartnerAnalysis

Cloud computing is helping corporations

createnew,costeffectivebusinessmodels.It

has opened a world of opportunities for

Indian IT companies. Gartner major

consulting firm has also holds same opinion

withtheirfindings.

Gartneranalystsareworldrenownedexperts

in their fields, leveraging all of these

perspectives to create holistic forecasts of

the

ITIndustry.

They

say

that

leading

the

IT

organization in 2010 requires a clear vision

formeldingtechnology,businessprocessand

financialmanagementintoacohesiveviewof

IT investments and priorities. Cloud

computingwillplayanimportantrole incost

cutting across IT industries which is just

recoveringrecession.

AccordingtoGartneranalysis,theITspending

by industry vertical Markets Worldwide

(Millions ofU.S.Dollars) in2009and2010 is


17/36

17

asbelow:

Inthemidstofmanypostponed,cancelledor

restructured IT Projects in financial services,

new sets of priorities and strategies will

become more coherent toward the end of

2009.Movement toward SaaS and cloud

computing ,shared services, and more

selective outsourcing will take firmer shape

asneartermprioritiestoaddressconstrained

ITbudgets.

TovalidatethisresearchbyGartnerwehave

reactions from the people from different

industries who are potential users of cloud

computing

A true cloud offering," says Jeremy Cooper,

vicepresident (marketing) of salesforce.com

(vendor for both Bajaj Finance and Sun Life)

for AsiaPacific, "is one that is subscription

based, which involves no purchase of

hardware, software but only needs an

internetconnection. Itcouldalsobeamulti

tenancy model where a single infrastructure

isusedbymany(likeGoogleorYahoo)."

Patni,

according

to

Chief

Executive

Officer

Jeya Kumar, plans to have all its internal IT

Vertical 2009 2010

Financial 502,616 515,927

Public

Sector

443,368

459,969

Manufacturing 433,244 436,024

Communications 201882 206,386

Retail 210816 214,161

Services 172,061 175,046

Utilities 114,306 118,218

Transportation 99,842 101,711

Healthcare 79,798 82,207

Agriculture,

Miningand

Construction

25,391 25,805

GrandTotal 2283325 2335453

services hosted on the internet with many

B2CplayersbyJune2010.Thecompany,says

Kumar, spends around Rs 190 crore (Rs 1.9

billion) on its internal IT needs annually.

These include servers for storage, desktops,

networksand

bandwidth.

"Weareourownguineapigswhen itcomes

to cloud computing. Once we are convinced

that it is secure and fruitful, we will extend

these services to our customers too," says

Kumar. Not only will Patni be "able to save

around 30 per cent by way of capital

expenditure and another 30 per cent on

space when the process is complete", says

Kumar, but "when we acquire a new

company,wewillnotneedtwodatacenters

eveniftheheadcountdoubles.Thecomplete

new portfolio from the acquisition will be

hostedontheweb."

Wipro too has built a "private cloud" for

internal use. The software giant is now

offering that expertise to existing customers

to

optimize

the

computing

power

of

their

data centers. Wipro is also building what it

calls the "enterprise cloud" a capability it

plans to offer to clients who have already

outsourcedorplantooutsourcetheirhosting

or infrastructure management activities with

the company, according to Girish Paranjpe,

JointCEOofthecompany.

"Creating

a

private

cloud

is

something

that

Wipro can help clients with. Managing

security within private clouds is what Wipro

can do. It is much more efficient both in

terms of costs and kind of provisioning.

Earlier, we in Wipro noticed that once we

placed an order for a server, it used to take

43daystoinstall.Nowthatwehavecapacity

ondemand,wehavetojustswitchon,andit

takesjust

36

minutes,"

says

Paranjpe.


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18

Cloudasmajorcostsaver

"Companies lovethecloudastheyhaveonly

operating costs to pay. As more and more

people are using multiple screens, desktops,

laptops,

mobile

phones

and

TV

screens

to

access their data, the cloud is inevitable.

Corporate India can save lots of money by

using the cloud," says Vijay Mukhi who

promotes'TheIndiaCloudInitiative'.

Ascentius Consulting Principal Analyst Alok

Shende: "We anticipate cloud computing to

be adopted in segments that currently have

low IT penetration and demand solutions

withlow

complexity.

Small

to

medium

sized

businesseswillbetheprimecandidates.

Large enterprises may have some initial

concerns on compliance, data security and

unproven reliability of cloud computing.

However,therewillbepocketssuchasback

up storage and hosted email service where

large enterprises will be more open to

employ

the

cloud."

Whenacompanyneedsmorecapacityduring

its peak season, it simply pays for it on

demand.Whenbusinessslowsdownandthe

company needs less capacity, its bill goes

down because it uses fewer resources. In

financial terms, this allows a company to

move much of its infrastructure costs from

being a capital expenditure to an operating

expenditure.

Research firm Saltmarch Intelligence says

data confidentiality and ability tobe audited

topped the list of primary obstacles for the

useofcloudcomputing technologies in their

organizations, according to a survey of over

1,100 Indian Business Technology

professionals.

"Security

incidents

in

the

cloud

have

made

clear that this new promising technology

comes with complexity and security and

privacy challenges. Cyber attacks are

executed with precision and patience and

security technology seems to fall behind the

threat curve," says Indu Britto, group

publisher

&

senior

vicepresident,

Saltmarch

Media.

Vendorssaytheyhavetheresourcestomake

theirdatacentersmoresecurethananybody

ever could and resilience is better because

data is distributed and backed up in

geographicallydispersedlocations.Cooperof

salesforce.com says: "That cloud computing

compromises security is a myth. We have

1,800 customers who mostly comprise

financialinstitutionsandbanks."

Analystsalsosaythatfewfirmshaveworked

out "which data should go where from a

business point of view. This failing means

moving everything to the cloud would not

provideanyrealbenefitsasthefundamentals

have not been sorted out. It would merely

"create

a

new

set

of

network

dependencies

because the data is no longer in the same

datacentre".

There are other hurdles too. Dearth of

sufficientbandwidth,lackofrobustnetworks,

virtualization and security issues could delay

adoption of the technology. More than 30

per cent of large businesses have some

enterprise

applications

in

the

cloud,

but

two

thirds do not have a security strategy for

cloud computing,asurvey conducted by IDC

found.

Inspiteofallthesehurdlesthecloudisawin

win for everyone, in this critical juncture

where majority of the industries looking for

ways to cut down the cost and improve

efficiency.


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19

Learning from Adopters of Cloud

ComputingVendors

According to survey by KPMG in May, 2010

the benefits of cloud computing are

measuredby

the

profits

achieved

by

vendors.

The multi tenancy concept of cloud

computing the IT resources are exploited

moreefficientlywhichleadstolowcosts.Asa

resulttheservicesareofferedatmuchlower

price compared to on premise alternatives.

At every layer cloud computing provides

alreadyinstalledandinstantlyusableservices

due to which implementation is less

complicated

and

less

time

consuming.

Combingwithpayasyougoorsubscription

modelsthatarecommontocloudcomputing

customersonlypayforwhattheyuseandthe

ITcapacityisalwaysavailable.

The survey result of the main concerns for

using cloud computing is shown below. The

survey was conducted among 125 members

who were from various organizations of

differentsectors.

Source:KPMG

the

Netherlands,

2010

Some of the major problems KPMG figured

outduringthesurvey,organizationsthatare

benefitted by cloud computing services will

have some major concerns in near future.

The report says till now the major incidents

regarding security breaches are low. The

vendors who providing cloud computing

services have a higher adoption rates and

exceptionally strong market positions but its

dependencywill increase infuturewhichcan

lead to major disruptions regarding security

breaches.

Integratingdifferentsystemsandapplications

hasbeenlongstumblingblockinITbutcloud

computing is not about to change it as the

vendors are building their own standards

which complicates integration with other

vendors.

Thefurtherdevelopmentofcloudcomputing

will remove the need of hardware, and

software licenses .There would be limited

consultancyandITmanagementwhichwould

change the IT markets profit model which is

mainly

based

on

onpremise

IT

for

the

last

two decades. The cloud computing vendors

show that profit margins are paper thin and

financially so far it has been a dubious

businessmodel.

FuturescopeforCloudComputing

Online optin survey fielded by the Pew

Research

Centre

reveals

that

nearly

71%

of

the respondents well versed in technology

agreedwiththestatement:

"By 2020, most people won't do their work

with software running on a generalpurpose

PC. Instead, they will work in Internetbased

applications such as Google Docs, and in

applicationsrunfromsmartphones.Aspiring

application

developers

will

develop

for

Smartphone vendors and companies that

provide Internetbased applications, because

most innovative work will be done in that

domain, instead of designing applications

thatrunonaPCoperatingsystem."

Some experts believe that people in

technology driven areas will allow them to

havethecloudintheirhomes.

Mobile cloud computing is the thing of the

future, with mobile cloud computing


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20

applications, as long as you have access to

the web, you have access to the mobile

application.Thiswillactasdisruptiveforcein

the mobile world, since there is no need to

have relationship with the mobile operators

to

access

particular

mobile

applications.

Mobile applications will begin to store the

datainthecloudasopposedtoonthemobile

device, and the applications will become

more powerful as processing power is also

offloaded to the cloud. Applications like

Schlage and few applications of iPhone app

are likely to come up, with remote keyless

entry system which can help user to control

homefrom

adistance.

This

is

meaningful

only

when there is speedy 3G mobile internet

access everywhere without any intermittent

connection issues and slow speeds and to

utilize the faster networks, mobile with

better CPU is needed. Initiatives like OMA's

Smartcard Web Server, essentially a hopup

SIM card that connects directly with the

carriertopushapplicationstomobilephones

have come up. There's also TokTok, a

technologythatallowsaccesstowebservices

like Gmail and Google Calendar by voice.

With voiceenabled search like this, mobile

apps could talk directly to the service itself

without the need for the user to launch a

webbrowser.

IBM Blue Cloud is ReadytoUse Cloud

Computing

based

on

open

standards

and

open source software that will allow adapt

centers to operate like the Internet across

distributed resources. Such an Initiative by

one of the big players in the IT industry will

risethedemandforcloudcomputing.

Paul Slakey, who is Googles Head of

Enterprise Sales, Asia Pacific and Latin

America, said that "cloud computing can be

usedtocaterforthedemandforonpremise

data storage and offline access, Google is

working on developing offline functionality

for itsrangeofWebhostedapplicationsand

itisclosetohavingofflineGmail".

All these major changes arejust few years

away,buttheconcernis,onlythosemarkets

withhigher internetparticipationand higher

subscription penetration will lead the way

which includes Western Europe, North

AmericaandfewpartsofAsia.

Eventhoughwearetalkingaboutthe future

here, surprisingly cloud businesses have

alreadygrownbyover200%onlyinthisyear,

anditisgoingtohavephenomenalgrowthin

nextcouple

of

years.

[FactsaboutCloudComputing]

In 1961, Stanford professor John McCarthy

wasoneofthefirsttosuggestatimeshare,

servicebureaucomputingmodel

Ina1996paper,TheSelfgoverningInternet:

Coordination by Design, MIT researchers

used

the

term

cloud

to

describe

foundationalelementsoftodaysmovement.

AmazonElasticComputewasthefirstmajor

cloud computing service to embrace the

cloudtechnology.

Google's entry into the enterprise cloud

marketplace came with the February 2007

launchofGoogleAppsPremierEdition.

Inlate2009thecityofLosAngelesreported

thatit

will

likely

save

$5

million

by

switching

from Novell's GroupWise desktop software

tocloudbasedGoogleApps.

Research and Market analysts are more

bullish, expecting cloud computing to be a

$160.2billionmarketby2015.

IBM is working on a computing system

dubbed project Kittyhawk that would be

capable of hosting the entire Internet as an

application.


21/36

21

[CLOUDCOMPUTING:ADEVELOPINGWORLDPERSPECTIVE]NinadDhavase

Cloud Computing is no more a technical term,

ratherithasbecometheneedofthetime.You

might be an entrepreneur planning to start a

new business, or a MidCap company planning

tostartadatacentreforyouresteemedclient,

or a government official charged with the task

of developing a system to deliver efficient

services to the citizens, you cant move ahead

in your strategy without giving Cloud

Computingathought.

Cloud

computing

is

like

a

Giant

Office

Building

whereeveryonesharestheinfrastructureandis

abletocustomizeaspertheirneeds.ItisaPay

asyougosystemwhereyoupayonlyforthe

time/space you use,just like the time sharing

system used during the early days of the

computer evolution. Cloud Computing (C2)

releasesbusinessesfromthecumbersometask

ofsettingup,developingandmaintainingtheIT

infrastructureat

their

end.

Cloud Computing has tremendous advantage

for the Businesses, Research Departments and

governments of the developing economies.

Theseeconomies,whichhavelimitedresources

to invest in technology, need not worry about

keeping abreast with the technology. Cloud

Computingissuperagileandwilltakecareof

upgrading to the new technologies. Cloud

Computing

provides

three

kind

of

services

Infrastructureasaservice (IaaS),Platformasa

Service (Paas)andSoftwareasaService(SaaS).

These services are spread across three most

expensive elements in any system namely

Storage, Servers and Software Applications. C2

thusprovidesa levelplaying fieldforeveryone

andreducesthesetuptimeforenterprisesand

individualstostarttheirbusinesses.

The

developing

countries

are

living

in

a

very

prime age. Those who have some systems in

place and want to upgrade, as well as those

who do not have any, have a wonderful

opportunity to reap the benefits provisioned

by C2. SMEs who are willing to venture into

newarenas,canutilizethe lowcostsolutions

providedbyC2.Atthesame time,SMEscan

act as vendors of the big C2 giants and

establish a nexus between the producer and

the consumer. There is a definite need for

such agencies. This will help develop a

complete

ecosystem

of

Producers,

Cloud

agents and the Consumers. This ecosystem

will help generate a lot of revenue for both

the people and the governments, which will

triggeratechnologywaveinthecountry.

On the other hand, C2 behemoths like

Microsoft,GoogleandAmazoncanenablethe

process of setting up infrastructure in these

developing countries which will ultimately

benefittheir

businesses

and

can

also

feature

in their Corporate Social Responsibility

columns. It is impossible to think business

without an IT arm and hence large

organizations can leverage the cloud

technology to bring a transformation in the

waytheyruntheirbusiness.

In a classic example from India, the Apparel

Export

Promotion

Council

has

developed

a

cloud platform that provides computing

servicesandenterprisesoftwaretomorethan

11,000 of its members most of whom lack

the capital and resources to build their own

ITinfrastructure.

C2 will surely require some boost from the

providersandtheearlyadaptersinorderforit

to

penetrate

up

to

the

grass

roots.

The

benefits are multifaceted, but as with any


22/36

22

newtechnologyC2isfacingsomecriticabout

the Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability

aspects.

While companies and governments are busy

thinking

about

the

pros

and

cons

of

C2,

individuals have already accepted cloud

services and are heavily relying on it to

providethemubiquitousaccessto theirdata.

As on September 2008, Google docs, a cloud

based application from Google had a

registereduserbaseof4.4Million.Consumers

have been very agile and shown enormous

faith in the capabilities of cloud, and hence

have

reaped

the

maximum

benefits.

In

an

interestingcasereportedbyNewYorkTimes,

a22yearolddeveloper,WilfredMworiafrom

Kenya developed an iPhone app using an

online iPhone simulator service hosted in the

cloud. (Kenya doesnt have an iPhone service

yet).Hecannowsellthisappacrosstheworld

using the cloud, and thereby widen his

customerbase.

Time

is

not

far,

when

individuals

will

start

paying a few cents to access these services

and cloud will be the distinguishing factor

contributing to the revenues of an

organization.

Toconclude,C2thoughinanascentstagehas

all the potential to grow into a phenomenal

technology, which will be able to serve any

industry. ToconcordwithThomasFriedman,

WorldisreallygettingflatandC2istheprime

catalyst.

[OneSmallIncident]

SudarshanTaparia

My father is theeldestamonghisbrothers.From

an early age only he was mischievous and had a

penchantforcricket.

There isasayingthat Youhavetoreapwhatyou

sow.Duringhis12th

preboardsheloiteredamong

his friends the whole month playing cricket, the

resultswere inevitable,hefailedmiserablyin3of

his5subjects.

Onhearingabouttheresultsata family function,

my unclepondered forawhilehesaidHmm.. It

seems that your main aim in life is to work as a

munimunderRaju.

Thosewordspiercedhimas ifanarrowscars the

heart. He couldnt sleep that whole night. In the

morninghemadeavowtoprovehisunclewrong.

Hestillhad3monthstomakeamendsbeforethe

commencement of boards. Papa devised a

timetable and started studying vigorously. He

clockedaround10hoursthefirstday,increasingit

to 12 and then gradually taking it to a whopping

18hrsaday!.

After3months,the results lefthisUncleZapped.

He had got distinction (above 85%) in Physics,

ChemistryandMath.

Thatone incidentchangedmy fathersentire life.

He foundout that there isnoshortcut tosuccess

and keeping this mantra in his mind, he later

graduatedfromtheprestigiousBITSPILANI.

Currently, he is a successful entrepreneur having

distributorship

and

dealership

of

reputed

brands

like Godrej, Onida, LG etc. Having crossed half

century, he now aspires to tread into real estate

andsocialentrepreneurship.

MyidolhasalwaystaughtmetobelieveinGodas

God helps those who help themselves. He

exemplifies hard work as the key to success and

tellsmenottobeafraidoffailures.Forthosewho

rediscover themselves after a debacle and learn

something from it call it an awakening or a

revelation.


23/36

23

Cloud

Computing

transforms

the

financial

paradigm of an enterprise. Cloud Computing

shifts the CAPEX (Capital Expenditure) to an

OPEX (Operating expenditure) model by use

of operational expenses rather than capital

assets and the treatment of operating

statements rather than balance sheet

management.

Adopting the Cloud Computing paradigm

seeks

to

make

more

money

(increase

revenues) while driving capital costs down

through greater efficiencies of working

capitaland OPEXchanges. Asper IBM's CTO

forCloudComputing,KristofKloeckner,cloud

computing reduces IT labor costs by up to

50%, improvescapitalutilizationby75%and

reducesprovisioningfromweekstominutes.

However what is the primary motivation of

any firms financial resource? It is cost

reduction.

How does cloud computing efficiently

achievecostreduction?

An article written by Michael Amburst, The

View of Cloud Computing answers this

questionthroughthefollowingthreecases:

CaseOne Demand for a service varies with

time. If a conventional data center is

provisioned for its peak then it would be

underutilized on other days. Instead, cloud

computing lets an organization pay by the

hour for computing resources, potentially

leadingtocostsavings,evenifthehourlyrate

to rent a machine from a cloud provider is

higherthan

the

rate

to

own

one.

As

per

the

example taken by Michael Amburst, if an

enterpriseservicehasapredictabledemand

whereat

peak

the

requirement

is

500

servers

whileattroughonly100arerequiredandthe

average utilization over a whole day is 300

servers,theactualcostperday is30024=

7,200 server hours; but since it must be

provisioned for the peak of 500 servers, we

pay for 500 24 = 12,000 serverhours, a

factorof1.7more.Therefore,as longas the

payasyougo cost per serverhour over

three

years

(usual

amortization

time)

is

less

than1.7timesthecostofbuyingtheserver,

utility computing is cheaper than

conventionaldatacenters.

CaseTwo Forecasting of unknown demand.

For example a startup meets invariable

demand. Initially there might be a high

demandbut itmightgraduallyweanaway.A

second scenario could be unforeseen

demand. To understand that by taking a

hypothetical example, we can divide the

users in two categories: active users and

defectors(thosewhoabandonthesiteorare

turned away from the site due to poor

performance).

Assuming that 10% of users are lost

permanently due to underprovisioning in

peakhours.

If we have 400 servers with each having

capacityof1000users,totalcapacitythatcan

be handled is 400000 users .But with due

popularity if it has 500000 hits in 1st hour

then as per our assumption 10000 users are

lost(permanently)with4,90,000usersleft.

If

in

next

hour,

we

have

2,50,000

new

andunique users then as 10,000 can still be

accommodated rest 2,40,000 are

[THEGOLDENCLOUD]

FromCapExtoOpEx

ParulSaxena


24/36

24

permanently lost which in turn will leave

with 24,000 defectors so we have 3,76,000

usersnow.

Nowifthesamepatterncontinuesfor

19 hours then we will have nearly zero new

usersand

site

reaches

asteady

capacity.

So,

Service operator could never utilize its

capacityfullyfromwhichwecandeducethat

underutilizationresults inthebadreputation

from the dissatisfied users. Thus Cloud

Computing offers elasticity that a normal

data centercan only providewhen it is over

provisioned.

Case

three

Finally,

by

performing

batch

analytics, organizations can use the cost

associativity of cloud computing to finish

computations faster: if it uses 1,000 EC2

machinesforonehouritcostsequalstousing

onemachinefor1,000hours.

Drawing a table as per DennisOSullivan in

The Internet Cloud with Silver Lining to

analyzefinancialbenefitsofcloudcomputing

over desktop computing we observe cloud

computinghasanupperhand.

Costsavingsarealsoincurredwithrespectto

realestate

(required

in

data

centers),

power

and cooling costs. Thanks to virtualization

and the clouds capability of tapping

resources (either through a private cloud or

tapping publicly available cloud resources),

data centers can rein in the unrelenting

pressuretoexpandtheirphysicalfootprint.

Cloud computing fosters business innovation

by enabling organizations to explore quickly

andcost

effectively

the

potential

of

new,

IT

enabled business enhancements that can

growwithunprecedentedscale

Thus, Cloud Computing offers managers an

opportunitytokeepinpacewithadvancesin

technology,atcheaperrates,withoutcapital

expenditure, avoiding business interruption

and without considerable consulting and

technologyfees.

Parameters Onpremises

software

Cloud

Computing

Pricing License+

maintenance+support

Payasyouuse

transactionor

subscription

costing

Capital

expenditure

Softwarelicenses,

hardware

None

Costofentry Veryhigh Verylow

Returnon

investment

Prolonged,basedon

fulllicenseand

hardwarecosts

Rapid,based

onlowup

frontcosts

Totalcostof

ownership

High,difficultto

measure.Many

componentsand

hiddencosts

Lowand

totallyvisible.

Costsall

includedinPay

as

you

Go

fees

Hiddenand

additionalcosts

Hardware,support,

maintenance,

installation,

customization

Nohidden

costs;low

configuration

costs

Costtobenefit

time

Highbasedonhigh

upfrontcosts

Lowbasedon

lowupfront

costs

Budgeting Capitalexpenditure Operating

costs,flexible

basis

Taximplications Capitalallowances;

VATup

front

Costs100%tax

deductible;VATdeferred

(attimeof

publication)

[OnlyforYou]

SuneetMalik

Youaremyspirit,youaremyskin,

Youaremymoon,wantandwish

ThatIshallbeyoursun,

Tobringhappinessinyourlife,

Andmoontobemywife...

Wantinmylifesuchanaction,

notafraid

of

your

reaction,

Itsuptoyou,whatyouchoose,

ButIhavenothingtolose,becauseforeverinme

Youspeaktomyheart;youarelikeacream,

Stillit'ssuchashamethatweareworldsapart!!!

Wereyoueverkeentoknow,sincewhenIloveyou?

No!ButitwasfirstwhenIsawyouinforth,

Butforyoumylovewasofnoworth,

Ididntcare,hopeyouunderstandoneday,

ButIdarenotsaythatyesIamyours,

Andwillbeforever...untilmylifefliesaway,

Untilmylifefliesaway!!!!


25/36

25

very robust. Unfortunately, the back plate

doesn'tslideoff like inotherHTChandsets

youllhavetosnapitoutwithyourfingernail.

The phone doesn't feel cheap, but these

characteristics detract a bit from the build

quality. The EVO's 4.3inch screen is

considered by some to be the device's

principlesellingpoint.It'sroughlyhalfaninch

largerthanthedisplayontheN1,butit'sthe

same exact resolution. This means that you

don'tnecessarily

get

to

see

more

contentit

juststretcheseverythingtoabiggersize.This

is evident when you look at the EVO closely

next to an N1 (Nexus One). The big screen

has some advantages, but there are also

some disadvantages. It makes the device

cumbersome and awkward to use for one

handed operation. Much like a tablet, the

EVO tends to be more comfortable to work

withwhen

used

in

landscape

mode

with

two

hands.

PRODUCTREVIEW[HTCEVO4G]ParampreetSaluja

WhatdoyougetwhenyoutakeanHTCHD2,

add 4G WiMax connectivity, a front facing

cameraanduseAndroid insteadofWindows

Mobile?YougettheHTCEVO4G!Sprinthas

racedtheEVO4Gtomarket,givingthemthe

distinction

of

being

the

only

carrier

in

America to carry a 4G Smartphone. Along

with that, the EVO 4G offers many other

claims to fame. It cando livevideochat, it's

the first Android device to natively support

highqualityYouTube,hasakickstandandan

HDMIportforoutputtingvideotoaprojector

orlargertelevision.Onpaper,theEVO4Gisa

monster, it's truly the most powerful and

featurerich

Android

device

to

date.

TECHNICALSPECIFICATIONS

The device has a Qualcomm QSD8650

SnapdragonCPUclocking inat1GHz,running

ontopofAndroid2.1.

Ithasanample512MBofRAM,plus1GBof

ROM.Italsocomeswithan8GBmicroSDcard

forstorage,althoughthisisexpandableupto

32GB. The capacitivedisplay is a traditional

backlitLCDandis4.3"andWVGAresolution,

whichisthesameastheHD2.

TheEVO4Ghasanumberofwireless radios

and components: WiFi, WiMax, CDMA,

Bluetooth, FM Radio, GPS (assisted), and

evenadigitalcompass.

For imaging, there are two cameras. The

front

camera

captures

image

at

1.3MP

and

video at VGA resolution, while the rear

camera (which has a dual LED flash) takes

stillsat8MPandvideoat720p.

Forvideo out, there is a microHDMI type D

connector,andforsyncing/synchronizingand

charging,wehavemicroUSB.

Thebattery is 1500mAh, though we wish it

weredoublethesize.

The

EVO'sbuild

quality

is

modestly

higher

than average, but isn't excellent. It is a

genuine feel in hands and the screen too, is


26/36

26

Riddle1

Onlyone

color,

but

not

one

size,

Stuckatthebottom,yeteasilyflies.

Presentinsun,butnotinrain,

Doingnoharm,andfeelingnopain.

Whatisit.

Riddle2

Therewasagreenhouse. Insidethegreenhousetherewasa

white house. Inside the white house there was a red house.

Insidetheredhousetherewerelotsofbabies.Whatisit?

Riddle3

What isinseasons,seconds,centuriesandminutesbutnotin

decades,yearsordays?

Riddle4

Theonewhomakesit,sellsit.Theonewhobuysit,neveruses

it.Theonethatusesitneverknowsthathe'susingit.Whatis

it?

Answers:

1. Shadow 3.Lettern

2. Watermelon 4.Coffin

SOFTWARE

The EVO 4G uses pretty much the same

version of the Sense interfaces than do the

HTC Desire and Legend. You get seven

homescreens which you can fill up with a

variety

of

widgets,

shortcuts,

folders,

and

more. The Scenes feature lets you save

preconfigured widget setup so that you can

have different configurations for different

purposes.

The web browser on the EVO 4G is very

capable,thoughnotasfastasthebrowserthat

comes in Android 2.2 (though the EVO 4G is

upgradeableto2.2). ItusesFlashLitetobring

someFlash

capability

to

the

browser.

PERFORMANCE

Overall, the EVO 4G is a fast device. While

runningmultipleapplicationsthereareneither

any issues with the device getting slower nor

thereisadelaywhenlaunchinganapplication

for the first time. Call quality and cellular

reception is fantastic. The EVO 4G has a

1500mAhbattery,

which

is

clearly

not

enough

to power this monster. It's odd because the

HTCHD2,witha1300mAhbattery,hasabout

50% better battery life than the EVO 4G. It's

possiblethatthe4Gchipmaysuckoutalotof

juice,orperhapsit'sthebalancingactthatthe

device must do constantly to select between

3G,4G,andWiFi.

PROS

Huge,beautifulscreen

Solidperformance

Dualcameras

Kickstandhasalotofutility

FirstAmericansmartphonewith4G

HDMIoutput

Onscreenkeyboardissupereasytouse

Greatcallquality

CONS

Batterylifeispoor

Deviceislargeandheavy

4Gnetworkisinitsinfancy,isn'tthatmuch

fasterthan3G

CONCLUSION

Wecancomfortablysaythatifyoudon'tmind

the bulkiness of the handset and have no

issueswithchargingyourphoneoverandover,

the EVO 4G is the best Android phone out in

themarketrightnow.Don'tbuythisphonefor

the 4G, because right now it's not that big a

deal.Therealattraction istheoverallfeature

richness of this phone, plus the experience it

provides to the user through the buttery

smooth

HTC

Sense

interface.

This

is

truly

a

phonethatcangrowwithyou.

I give the HTC EVO 4G a 4/5.

Overall


27/36

27

applications to service storage to spam

management.SaaS

(software

as

aservice)

is

a

part of the great mix called utilitystyle

infrastructure. IT is plugged into cloudbased

services for the most part. The aggregation

and integration is coming up with the

individual services provided by cloud

computing. use The "Cloud Ready" program

helps the customers to migrate to the Cloud

Computing environment. Google Apps

provides

assistance

to

this

program.

Another

example of cloud computing can be Google

Docs. The main focus is on delivering new

ways to give the best to the customers and

the easiest access to all the online

information. The file management and

synchronization is dealt by integrating Cloud

ComputingalongwithGoogleDocs.

Factorsfor

managing

the

clouds

Scalability The resources provided by cloud

computingmostlyareondemandformostof

theorganizationneedswhichincludesservers,

storage and networking. This nature of cloud

computing states that more the demand

grows, the more easily one can match the

capacity/costs to the demand. Cloud

computing

allows

the

developers

to

deploy

theIToperationsthatcaneasilybesuccessful

without paying serious attention to the

locationandnatureoftheinfrastructure. Itis

a platform for the most cost effective and a

flexible technology where even small

competitorscanearnwiththeirskills.

Cost Management In

cloud computing, the need

to

switch

from

capital

investment to an

The cloud applications and platforms require

management

and

processes

to

support

the

traditional applications. Most of the IT

applications and (IT) infrastructure are being

shiftedtothecloudbytheorganizations.The

needformanagingandenhancingthesecloud

applications are growing with time. Since

there is no hardware or software tool by the

infrastructure to manage the cloud

applications, more efforts are needed to be

put

for

the

cloud

maintenance.

Hence,

the

managing part of this application is essential

with potential benefits to the organization.

The iterative capabilities provided by cloud

platforms support the needs of a growing

business.IfonethinksfromtheneedsofanIT

perspective,fewpointscome intomindwhile

incorporating Cloud Computing like

increasing capacity or adding capabilities

without any new infrastructure investment,

new personnel training, or new software

licensing. The cloud concept encompasses

services likesubscriptionsorpayperuseover

the internet,allinrealtimewhichwillextend

the capabilities of the IT background. The

whole idea of cloud computing is still at a

premature

stage,

with

a

host

of

large

providers and small deliverables, a pinch of

cloudbased services from fullgrown

[MANAGINGTHECLOUDS]

AnamikaDatta


28/36

28

operational expense arises frequently. When

it comes to cloud computing adoption, cost

plays a key role. The decision of adopting a

cloud is mainly based on operational costs

which require some serious analysis by every

organizationso

as

to

understand

the

internal

needs as well. The data centers of most

organizations are oversized when they are

builtandrunatautilityrateof60%.Basedon

consumption,cloudcomputingprovidesoffers

likepayperhourorpaypergigabyte.Thishas

createdahugeimpactontheeconomyofthe

industry.

Flexibility Cloud computing has an

understated advantage which enables the

organization to be more agile. The new

computing capacities are growing at a fast

pace which is a vital element for cloud

computing. Rapidly changing factors like

storage, bandwidth, and memory along with

computing power needs to be adapted

instantaneously. Most infrastructure designs

focus

on

the

flexibility

to

change

or

add

or

moveanapplicationonaverylittleamountof

time. This nature of cloud computing serves

anadvantagetotheinhousedatacenters.

Disaster Management The burden of

technologymanagement isonthetechnology

provider. An estimation of disaster recovery

costs is twice the cost of the infrastructure

builtforcloudcomputing.Atrueestimatecan

be

done

with

a

cloudbased

model

with

a

reasonablesaving.Replicationofdata isdone

bycloudserviceproviderssoastorecoverthe

loss of data centers is covered. The previous

managed solutions cannot match the level of

recovery so every business needs to plan

accordingtotheenvironmentalchanges.

CloudManagementServicesandTools

Postini

is

a

cloud

based

anti

spam

service

by

Google provided by IBM, SecureWorks and

Verizon. Desktop management services are

offered by CenterBeam or Everdream. Tap In

SystemsprovideCloudManagementServices.

RightScale,

is

managinghybrid

clouds

which

builds an environment in which applications

are transferred between public and private

clouds. FastScale Technology aims to provide

the solution with inhouse VMware

environments FastScale Stack Manager

WorkstationEdition.

References:

[1] SyncplicityEnhancesSyncandCloud

ComputingforGoogleAppshttp://blog.syncplicity.com/2010/01/12/

syncplicityenhancessyncandcloud

computingforgoogleapps/

[2] LTechCloudComputingServicesSearch

http://www.ltech.com/

[3]

Growing

Wave

of

Cloud

Management

Options

http://www.itbusinessedge.com/cm/

blogs/cole/growingwaveofcloud

managementoptions/?cs=31895

[4] 3CrowdLaunchesCloudManagement

PlatformCrowdDirectorToThePublic

http://

www.techcrunchit.com/2010/07/11/3cro

wdlaunchescloudmanagementplatform

crowddirector

to

the

public/

[5] PrivateCloudManagement

http://www.vmworld.com/community/

conferences/2010/cfpvote/pcmanagment


29/36

29

Healthy competiti

qa-00135--cloud computing whats the buzz

Documents