qm-statistical quality control
TRANSCRIPT
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Statistical Quality Control Basic Concepts
Product Control Process Control
Variations in Quality
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Basic Concepts When small samples are taken
continuously on a regular basis,
and the data analysedstatistically, valuable informationcan be derived.
Control charts forms an integralpart of production process.
Provides timely warning signal &
for corrective action.
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Basic Concepts The effectiveness of control
charts depends on how promptly,
the warning is understood andheeded and necessary actiontaken to correct the process.
Helps manufacturer in identifyingand eliminating causes fordefectives or failures in repetitiveproduction processes.
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Statistical Process Control SPC is the primary analysis tool of
quality improvement.
It is the applied science that helps youcollect, organize and interpret thewide variety of information availableto your business.
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Statistical Process Control
- Aim To Achieve Defect Prevention. To Pursue Never-ending Improvement. To Reduce Variability, Delivery Times,
Completion Times, Methods, Attitudes,Equipment and Material.
To Produce Components Consistently
within Specifications. to give us Statistical Signal whenSpecial causes of Variation arePresent.
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Process Control Tools Flow chart to understand what is being
done. Check sheets & tally charts to observe
the frequency of occurrence of theprocess.
Graphs to see the pictorial
representation of the numbers. Cause and effect analysis to study thecauses of the problems.
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Process Control Tools Pareto analysis to segregate serious
problems from the minor once. Scatter diagrams to study the
relationship between variousinteracting factors.
Control charts to interpret and decide
which variations to control and goabout. Histograms to appreciate as to how
the variations in frequency of
occurrence appear.
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Process Control -
Advantages Greater consistency in fulfilling
customer's requirements leads to
greater customer satisfaction. Reduced variation in internal
processes leads to less time and
money spent on rework andwaste.
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Product Control Product Control helps to ensure that
the firm follows the proper regulatoryand financial procedures with regardto the firm's business transactions,especially as they relate to issues ofcustomer protection and the liquidity
ratio of the firm. It must also reconcile the securities,commodities, futures and fixed incomesettlements, and monitor the financialand regulatory exposures associated
with them, to further ensure the
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Product Control Reconciliation of P&L to traders
estimates and attribution.
Control analysis - posting to theledger, accuracy of P&L.
Balance sheet analysis.
Internal management reporting.
Price verification of all products.
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Variations in Quality Common cause of variation account
for 80 90 percent of the observedvariation in a production unit.
The remaining 10 20 percent resultsfrom special case of variation, oftencalled assignable causes.
Special causes include bad batch ofmaterial purchased, poorly trainedoperator, excessive tool wear,miscalibration of measuring
instrument etc.
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Variations in Quality Common cause of variation account
for 80 90 percent of the observedvariation in a production unit.
The remaining 10 20 percent resultsfrom special case of variation, oftencalled assignable causes.
Special causes include bad batch ofmaterial purchased, poorly trainedoperator, excessive tool wear,miscalibration of measuring
instrument etc.
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Variations in Quality Way to reduce the variation due to
common causes is to change thetechnology of the process themachines, materials, methods, ormeasuring systems.
Variation due to special cause can be
identified through the use of charts. Special cause of variations areidentified by the production operatorsand their immediate super visors
through charts and make the