qqy yuality of u.s. soybean meal compared to the quality
TRANSCRIPT
Quality of U.S. Soybean Meal Q y yCompared to the Quality of
Soybean Meal from Other OriginsSoybean Meal from Other Origins
M it i Th k & Ch l R H b hMaitri Thakur & Charles R. Hurburgh
i i h kPresenter: Maitri Thakur
Department of Agricultural & Biosystems EngineeringDepartment of Agricultural & Biosystems EngineeringIowa State University, Ames, IA
Introduction
• Soybeans - important source of protein and iloil
• US - dominant producer producer
• Year 2004:Area planted: 75 2
World Protein Meal Consumption 2004
Area planted: 75.2 million acres Production: 3.14 billion bushelsCrop value
di $17 7 exceeding $17.7 billion
World Protein Meal Production 2004
Source: Soy Stats 2005
Project Motivation
• South America • Soybean production
increasing in Brazil and Argentina- 34% and Argentina- 34% in 1999 to 42% in 2004
• NOPA soybean meal trading specifications
• True Processed Value of soybeans ≈ End-
Soybean Production in Brazil & Argentina
useSource: Soy Stats 2005
Objectives
• To survey the quality of 2004 crop• To survey the quality of 2004 cropsoybeans and soybean meal from non-U.S. vs. U.S. originsU.S. vs. U.S. origins
• To compare the results from this survey• To compare the results from this surveywith the data from previous studies
Soybean Processing Model
Source: SPROC 3
Methods• Samplesp
115 soybean and 153 SBM samples 500-1000g each gCollected by ASA representatives in 8 countriesShipped to GQL, Iowa State University
Soybeans Soybean Meal
Analysis
• All samples divided into 4 fractions: Electric Grain DividerDivider
Analysis- Soybeans
1: Eurofins Scientific, Des Moines, Iowa Moisture: AOCS Ac 2-41Oil: AOCS Ba 3-38Protein: AOCS Ba 4e-93FFA: AOCS Ac 5-41
2: University of Missouri-Columbia Exp Station Labs
Amino Acids - AOAC 982.30 (a,b,c)
3 & 4: Retained for other work
Analysis- Soybean Meal
1: Eurofins Scientific, Des Moines, IowaMoisture: AOCS Ba 2a-38Moisture: AOCS Ba 2a-38Protein: AOCS Ba 4e-93Oil: AOCS Ba 3 38Oil: AOCS Ba 3-38Fiber: AOCS Ba 6-84A h AOCS B 5 49Ash: AOCS Ba 5a-49NSI: AOCS Ba 11-65N P t i Nit AOAC 941 04Non Protein Nitrogen: AOAC 941.04Mold Count: AACC 42-50KOH Protein Solubility: AOAC 971.09
Analysis- Soybean Meal
2: University of Missouri-Columbia Exp. Station LabsStation Labs
Amino Acids: AOAC 982.30E (a,b,c)
3: Grain Quality Lab, Iowa State UniversityParticle Size Analysis: ASAE S319.2a a y 3 9
4: Retained for other worketa ed o ot e o
Comparison with previous studies
• SoybeansGrieshop & Fahey: 2001–Grieshop & Fahey: 2001
–U.S. annual soybean quality surveys 2003 2003 2004
• Soybean mealy1995-1999 by Moizzudin1999 by John Baize and Associates1999 by John Baize and Associates
Amino Acids
• 5 key AA: Lysine, Threonine, Methionine Cysteine TryptophanMethionine, Cysteine, Tryptophan
% by weight% f i% of protein
• Measure of Protein Quality:Digestible AA = AA * KOH Solubility
Statistical Analysis by Origin
• Soybeans: 13% moisture basisSoybean meal: 12% moisture basis• Soybean meal: 12% moisture basis
• Asia: UAE, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines & Korea (n = 15)
• Others: Guatemala, El Salvador, Panama, Costa Rica, Trinidad, Barbados & Paraguay (n = 7)
• Least Significant Difference (LSD, P = 0.05) in JMP 5.1 0.05) in JMP 5.1
Results: Soybean Quality Protein (%)
36.0
37.0Oil (%)
19.2
19.6
34.0
35.0
18.4
18.8
33.0USA Brazil Argentina Other
18.0USA Brazil Argentina Other
Protein Quality: 5 Key AA (% of P) Oil Quality: FFA (%)Protein Quality: 5 Key AA (% of P)
14.6
14.8
15.0Oil Quality: FFA (%)
1.2
1.4
1.6
14.0
14.2
14.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
USA Brazil Argentina Other
13% Moisture Basis
USA Brazil Argentina Other
Results: Soybean Meal QualityProtein (%) Protein Quality: 5 AA (% of Protein)Protein (%)
48.0
49.0Protein Quality: 5 AA (% of Protein)
14.6
15.0
46.0
47.0
13.8
14.2
45.0USA Argentina Brazil India China
13.4USA Argentina Brazil India China
KOH S l bilit (%) NSI %KOH Solubility (%)
88.0
90.0NSI %
15 0
16.0
17.0
84.0
86.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
82.0USA Argentina Brazil India China
12.0USA Argentina Brazil India China
12% Moisture Basis
Results- Soybean Meal QualityP i l SiParticle Size
Origin Mean particle % in desired range g psize (microns)
g(250-1700 microns)
USA 1070 84.1Argentina 1074 79.8Brazil 1088 83.7Brazil 1088 83.7India 1262 65.5China 1131 88 1China 1131 88.1Asia 1138 91.1Others 1125 82.3
Soybean Meal Samples
USA
India
Soybeans: Comparison with previous studies
ResultsSoybeans: Comparison with previous studies
Protein (%)40.0
37.0
38.0
39.0
34.0
35.0
36.0 Oil (%)
19.0
19.5
33.0Grieshop &Fahey 2001
Annual survey2003
Annual survey2004
This Study2004
17.5
18.0
18.5
16.5
17.0
Grieshop & Annual survey Annual survey This Study
13% Moisture Basis
Fahey 2001 2003 2004 2004
Soybean Meal: Comparison with previous studies
Protein (%) 5 key AA (% of P)Protein (%)
47.0
48.0
49.05 key AA (% of P)
14.4
14.6
0
45.0
46.0
13 8
14.0
14.2
O S %
44.01995-
99Baize1999
2004 1995-99
Baize1999
2004 1995-99
Baize1999
2004 1995-99
Baize1999
2004
USA Argentina Brazil India
13.81995-
99Baize1999
2004 1995-99
Baize1999
2004 1995-99
Baize1999
2004 1995-99
Baize1999
2004
USA Argentina Brazil India
KOH Sol %
83
85
87
77
79
81
83
752004 1995-
99Baize1999
2004 1995-99
Baize1999
2004 1995-99
Baize1999
2004 1995-99
Baize1999
USA Argentina Brazil India
Conclusions• U.S. soybeansU.S. soybeans
Lower protein than Brazil, higher thanArgentina
Crude protein disadvantage of U.S. beanswas offset by higher concentrations of AAAdvantageous if market recognizes aminoacids rather than protein as indicator offeeding valueg
• U.S. SBM more consistent
Higher digestibility
Lower fiber
Better quality of protein
Conclusions• U S soybean meal• U.S. soybean meal
Higher digestibility & key AA
U.S. producers would benefit if diets wereU.S. producers would benefit if diets wereformulated on actual AA of meal being fed
Mean particle size: within desired rangeMean particle size: within desired range
• Previous studiesGeneral quality trend similar to previous studiesq y p
U.S. SBM held an advantage in digestibility &concentrations of key amino acids in all threestudiesU.S. SBM - ↑↑ Protein Solubility & Brazilian SBM - ↑↑ProteinProtein
