qualitative data analysis
DESCRIPTION
Qualitative data analysis by Suzanne Vaughan and Peter Yeates as part of the Fastbleep academic masterclasses.TRANSCRIPT
Qualitative Analysis
Peter Yeates
Suzanne Vaughan
What is qualitative analysis?
• The process of interpreting meaning in qualitative data in order to answer the research question
uncovering
An illustration
• Is IL-6 increased in people with COPD?
Machine measuresDispassionate No judgementsJust countsThe researcher is uninvolved
Objective
• I get short of breath when I climb the stairs. I mostly stay downstairs now
• I can’t get to the pub where I used to meet my friends, as I get too breathless when I’m walking
• If my chest is very tight in the morning, then I know I won’t be able to do much that day.
• People stare at me when I go on the bus. They kind of keep their distance. I think it is because the of the way I breath. Maybe it frightens them.
• I just watch my grandson kicking his football now. I used to love kicking it with him.
Summarise:Staying downstairsCan’t go to pubSymptoms varyPeople stareCan’t play football
Reduced participation in society
What is it like to live with COPD?
2 common errors
No interpretationJust summarise
Unjustified opinion
Analysis that interprets the data in light of research question,
and Justifies its findings
Surface analysisInterpretBack to data – justifyRefine / re-interpret
Procedure for Qual Analysis
• Assume you already have data– Interviews / focus groups / documents / free
text survey responses / etc etc
• Research Question
Procedure
• Immersion– Read / re-read / ? Listen back to audio
• Coding– Assigning labels to data to organise it– Labels let you pull together similar bits of text
• I get short of breath when I climb the stairs. I mostly stay downstairs now
• I can’t get to the pub where I used to meet my friends, as I get too breathless when I’m walking
• If my chest is very tight in the morning, then I know I won’t be able to do much that day.
• People stare at me when I go on the bus. They kind of keep their distance. I think it is because the of the way I breath. Maybe it frightens them.
• I just watch my grandson kicking his football now. I used to love kicking it with him.
Reduced mobility
Reduced function
Symptom awareness
Interaction with other people
Effect on relationships
How to choose codes?
InductiveEmerge from reading
TheoreticalDeveloped existing theory
What do I mean by theoretical coding?
Stages of changes model
Task
• 2 groups, each with a different research question– Group A: How do students perceive the
proposed changes in OSCE marking– Group B: How do medical students relate to
the institution that is the medical school
– Individually, inductively code the transcript that we have given you
Suggestions
• Read through it all once• Start labelling (coding) individual quotes• Give each code a name• Keep a list of all of the names of codes• Make sure you can find examples of each code• Try to re-use codes as much as possible• Make sure what you’re coding relates to the
research question
What did you find?
• Find a partner
• Start by comparing the names of your code– Do they mean the same thing– Have you labelled different thing
• Compare how you coded each piece of text– What are the difficulties of comparing this way
Interpretations
• What themes or ideas start to emerge from your codes
• Can you illustrate each one with an example
• Comparisons