quality_circles_4.ppt
TRANSCRIPT
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Quality Circles
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What are Quality CirclesVoluntary group of personsMeet on regular basisWork on similar tasksShare area of responsibilitySolve problems related to work
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They operate on the basic principle that employee participation in decision making and problem solving improves the quality of work.
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Characteristics of Quality CirclesVolunteersSet Rules and PrioritiesDecision made by consensusOrganized approach to problem solving
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Members of a circle need to receive training
Support of senior management required
Members need to be empowered
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HistoryStarted in 1962 in Japan
Kaoru Ishikawa is the creator of Quality Circles
Movement in Japan is coordinated by Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers (JUSE)
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In India Quality Circles is promoted by QCFI (Quality Circle Forum of India)Adopt prevention procedures rather than corrective measuresMinimize scrap and downtimeImproving quality - increase productivity, theory of Total Quality Control (TQC)
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QC relies on visual representations: -scatter diagrams, -flow charts, -cause & effect diagram etc
In U.S. it started in early 1970s
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Aerospace manufacturer, Lockheed visited Japanese plants
15 QCs saved nearly $3 million
Ratio of savings to cost = 6:1
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Quality Assurance
Covers all activities from design, development, production, installation, servicing and documentation
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Includes regulation of quality for: >Raw Material, >Assemblies, >Product, >Components & other services related to production.
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A Model of Quality Assurance is PDCA also known as Shewhart cycle P Plan D Do C Check A - Act
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Failure TestingThe operation of a product until it fails by exposing to factors : > Temperature > Humidity > VibrationExposes to unanticipated weakness is a productThis data used by engineers to improve products
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Quality Circle ToolsIshikawa Diagram - shows hierarchies of causes contributing to a problem Pareto Chart - analyses different causes by frequency to illustrate the vital cause PDCA-Deming wheel - Plan, Do, Check, Act, as described by W. Edwards Deming
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Fish Bone Diagram
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Benefits of QCs Increased productivity Improved quality Boost employee morale Enhances creativity Improved teamwork Employee involvement
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Problems with QCs Inadequate training Not entirely voluntary Lack of Top Management interest Unsure of Purpose Decision making does not necessarily take place
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Innovation and QCs (IQC) Cross functional teams, members drawn from different departments
IQC communication website- facilitates exchange of experiences & interact
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Impart new tools & techniques through workshops & courses
Members can come from suppliers as well - wider scope
Leaders or mentor organization helping other organization