1. Kyba, Christopher CM, et al. "Artificially lit surface of Earth at night increasing in radiance and extent." Science advances 3.11 (2017): e1701528.

2. Cucurachi, S., et al. "A framework for deciding on the inclusion of emerging impacts in life cycle impact assessment." Journal of Cleaner Production 78 (2014): 152-163

3. Tähkämö, Leena, Timo Partonen, and Anu-Katriina Pesonen. "Systematic review of light exposure impact on human circadian rhythm." Chronobiology international 36.2 (2019): 151-170.

References

Objective

Materials & methods

Results & discussions

Conclusions & Future plan

Change of area of brightness (2012-2016)

CCM Kyba (2017)NOAA,DMSP data

1992

2013

Nighttime satellite images of 1992 and 2013 (near East Asia)

In recent years, it became clear that the brightness of artificial light at night has been increasing year by year, and its scale is expanding. According to Science Advances, it was reported that from 2012 to 2016, the artificially illuminated outdoor area increased by 2.2% per year and the annual radioactivity total radiance increases by 1.8%. Light pollution is described as the situation in which lights are obstructing or having damages through their leaks, a common example is the outdoor lighting. Light pollution has various effects on human activities, wild animals, plants, agricultural crops and livestock.

It is known that the degree of damage by the exposure of light differs depending on the type of light source. Numerous studies have been done on the effects of climate change due to conversion from incandescent lamps to LEDs, but quantitation on the effects of light pollution has not been made in LCA studies. As a new indicator of LCA, the assessment of impacts from light pollution on biodiversity and human

health has been proposed, and it is pointed out that the development of impact assessment methods for light pollution is important (S.Cucurachi et al., 2013). There is a meta-analysis and systematic review of the effects of nighttime irradiation on human health. The results of this systematic literature review are recommended to be used in developing a human- health related impact category of light pollution in the LCA methodology (L.Tähkämö, 2019). The impact on rice cultivation is quantitatively evaluated in Japan. Night artificial light suppresses the expression of the flowering induction gene Hd3a (heading date 3a), and heading is delayed (Harada, 2014).

Future plan ➢ Harvest on September 7 to obtain yield data.➢ Promote coefficient development for human health.

We are conducting surveys on rice cultivation areas this fiscal year.Outdoor lighting fixtures will be installed along the rice fields, and the effects of light leakage at night on heading and yield will be surveyed.

Calculation flow from midpoint to endpoint

In order to develop a method for assessing the effects of light pollution on rice cultivation, we conducted experiments by irradiating paddy fields with LED lights.The heading delay increased as the illuminance increased. There was no change in the color difference.

In this research, we aim at furthering a method for life cycle impact of artificial light pollution. This study focused on the impact on rice production as a part of significant endpoint of social asset. The results obtained through these studies are expected to contribute to the design and installation of lighting equipment with a comprehensive viewpoint.

Light source LED

Luminaire power 11.0W

Luminous flux 1176lm

Mounting angle 60°

Installation height 2.5m

Installation number 6 units (Natural white, Light bulb color)

Installation period After planting rice to harvesting (aboutMay to September)

Lighting time After sunset to before sunrise

We are conducting surveys on rice cultivation areas this fiscal year.Outdoor lighting fixtures will be installed along the rice fields, and the effects of light leakage at night on heading and yield will be surveyed.

Paddy Field

3

5

Light bulb color

Natu

ral w

hite

6

2

1

４

95m

16.2m

LEDlump

Natural white Light bulb colorLED lump

Calculation flow from midpoint to endpoint

August 26th

May 26th July 15th

The method can be divided into several steps; fate analysis, exposure analysis and damage analysis. Fate and exposure analysis were developed by type of light resource. Damage analysis was carried out by applying of actual measurement result. Characterization factors was expressed by monetary unit per a unit of electric power.

August 26th

Yoko Kurahara1) Norihiro Itsubo1) 1)Tokyo City Universityg1883107@tcu.ac.jp

Quantitative environmental impact assessment for agricultural products caused by exposure of artificial light at night

Introduction