General Introduction about Questionnaire designStages of questionnaire development to prune and refine the questionnaire Relationship between Objective, Hypothesis,Data Analysis with examplesExample of a research questionnaireGroup exercise

A QUESTIONNAIRE IS A LIST OF QUESTIONS SENT TO A NUMBER OF PERSONS FOR THEM TO ANSWER.

A QUESTIONNAIRE WHETHER IT IS CALLED A SCHEDULE, INTERVIEW FORM OR MEASURING INSTRUMENTS IS A FORMALIZED SET OF QUESTIONS FOR OBTAINING INFORMATION FROM RESPONDENTS.

Much of the data in clinical research is gathered using questionnaires or interviews.

The reliability and validity of the results depends on the quality of these instruments.

Good questionnaires are difficult to construct; bad questionnaires are difficult to analyze.*

SUPERFICIAL- difficult to capture the richness of meaning

INFORMATION IS SELF REPORT-does not necessarily reflect true behavior

POOLING OF IGNORANCE

STRUCTURED

UN STRUCTURED

PICTORIAL

TYPES OF QUESTIONS

Open-ended Questions in which the respondent answers in his own wordsClosed-ended (or Fixed Alternative) Question in which respondent selects one or more options from pre-determined set of responsesSimple dichotomy Closed ended question with only two response alternativesMultiple Choice Closed ended question with more than two response alternativesDeterminant choice Multiple choice question in which respondent must select only one of the response alternativesChecklist question - Multiple choice question in which respondent can select more than one of the response alternatives

Response categories provided for each close-ended question should be mutually exclusive and exhaustiveMutually Exclusive Response categories must be such that the same respondent cannot be classified into more than one category; e.g. the categories Rs.1,000-5,000 and Rs.5,000-10,000 are not mutually exclusive.Mutually Exhaustive Response categories should include all possible response options. Sometimes this is achieved by including a response option like Other (Please specify).

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

QUESTIONNAIRE/QUESTIONS FORMAT STRUCTURED

UNSTRUCTURED

LANGUAGE

TYPE OF QUESTIONS

ADMINISTRATION

WORDING OF QUESTIONS GENERAL TO SPECIFIC ( INVERTED FUNNEL APPROACH) SEQUENCE OF QUESTIONS EASY QUESTION FORMATS PERSONAL QUESTIONS AT THE END DOUBLE BARREL QUESTION SHOULD BE AVOIDED QUESTIONS SHOULD BE HELPFUL IN TABULATIONS & ANALYSIS QUESTIONNAIRE ITEMS

Keep questionnaire short if possible, but not too short that you sacrifice needed information Do not over crowd questionnaireProvide decent margin spaceUse multiple- grid layout for questions with similar responsesUse good quality print paper.Use booklet form if possible

Sometimes, several questions are needed to obtain the required information in an unambiguous manner. Consider the question:

Do you think Coca-Cola is a tasty and refreshing soft drink?(Incorrect)

Such a question is called a double-barreled question, because two or more questions are combined into one. To obtain the required information, two distinct questions should be asked:

Do you think Coca-Cola is a tasty soft drink? and Do you think Coca-Cola is a refreshing soft drink?(Correct)

How many gallons of soft drinks did youconsume during the last four weeks? (Incorrect)

How often do you consume soft drinks in a typical week?(Correct)1. ___ Less than once a week2. ___ 1 to 3 times per week3. ___ 4 to 6 times per week4. ___ 7 or more times per week

In a typical month, how often do you shop in department stores? _____ Never _____ Occasionally _____ Sometimes _____ Often _____ Regularly(Incorrect) In a typical month, how often do you shop in department stores? _____ Less than once _____ 1 or 2 times _____ 3 or 4 times _____ More than 4 times(Correct)

Do you think that Anna Hazare support to Baba RamdevAgainst corruption would irritate Congress party ? _____ Yes _____ No _____ Don't know(Incorrect) Do you think that Anna Hazare should support baba Ramdev in his fight against corruption ? _____ Yes _____ No _____ Don't know(Correct)

Objective: To Study the Proximity and Distance among various Promotional ToolsQ. The following are the pairs of different promotional Methods. Select ONE Method out of each pair which is more effective than the other in your opinion.

Two MethodsWhich ONE is More EffectiveAdvertising or Sales Promotion Advertising or Public Relation Advertising or Direct Marketing Advertising or Personal Selling Sales Promotion or Public Relation Sales Promotion or Direct MarketingSales Promotion or Personal Selling Public Relation or Direct Marketing Public Relation or Personal Selling Direct Marketing or Personal Selling

Objective: To Select the Best Promotional Method for a Particular Promotional Objective (Promotional Performance Attribute)Q. On the basis of given attributes in the very left column, which method of promotion is most preferred (indicated in right columns) (Note: Please select () the one best method for each attribute)

MethodsAdvertisingPersonalSelling Sales PromotionDirect MarketingPublic Relation Attributes Which Method has Mass AppealWhich method is Least Expensive Which Method Attracts Maximum CustomersWhich Method is Best for Introducing New SchemesWhich is best to remind customers Which Method is most informative Which Method is Most Convincing

Executives Preference of Promotional Methods for Mass Appeal

Promotional MethodsNo. of Respondents PreferredRankingAdvertising 861Personal Selling 065Sales Promotion154Direct Marketing233Public Relations 302Total160

Executives Preference of Promotional Methods for Least Expensive

Promotional MethodsNo. of Respondents PreferredRankingAdvertising 313Personal Selling 214Sales Promotion135Direct Marketing481Public Relations 472Total160

Null Hypothesis Ho Selection of Promotional Methods is Independent to Promotional Performance Attribute. Alternative Hypothesis

H1 Selection of Promotional Methods is dependent on Promotional Performance Attribute

One Sample Chi Square Test of Responses for Mass AppealSince the calculated chi square value is far greater than the critical chi-square value, there is strong evidence to reject the null hypothesis of Independence and accept the alternative hypothesis of dependence for first promotional performance attribute i.e. Mass Appeal

Promotional MethodsOEO-E(O-E)(O-E)/EAdvertising 863254291691.125Personal Selling 632-2667621.125Sales Promotion1532-172899.03125Direct Marketing2332-9812.53125Publicity/Public Relations 3032-240.125(O-E)/E =123.938

S.NoFactors12345ALocation of the property (heart of city, outskirts)BProduct Offerings like 2 rooms or 3 rooms etc,Surface area covered parking space, security etc.CLocation Convenience (according to individual)DInfrastructure Facilities (electricity, school, hospitals)EConnectivityFGovernment policyGCompetitors pricing strategyHPrices fixed by developers IDemand and supply in the marketJPromotion by developersKContribution of metro rail in hike of propertyLEase of home loans by banksMPresence of private bankNPresence of private buildersOArrival of Common Wealth Games in 2010PValue-addition activities (quality fixtures, mass customization, Wi-Fi connectivity etc.)QLegality of propertyREconomic conditionsPValue-addition activities (quality fixtures, mass customization Wi-Fi connectivity etc.)QLegality of propertyREconomic conditions

LOCATIONCONTRIBUTION OF BUILDERSINFRASTRUCTURECOMPETITIONECONOMICREGULATORYPROMOTION

NULL HYPOTHESIS

THERE IS NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN THE OPINION OF BUYERS AND DEVELOPERS ON PRICE

ALTERNATE HYPOTHESIS

THERE IS SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN THE OPINION OF BUYERS AND DEVELOPERS IN THE PRICE.