TMJ

• 1. This is the articulation between the condylar heads of the mandible and the anterior part of the glenoid fossa.

•2. The principle that the nerve supplying a joint also supplies both the muscle that move the joint and the skin covering the articular insertion of those muscles

• 3. Type of joint of TMJ

• 4. Receptor of Specific mechanics of Proprioception in the TMJ that function as dynamic mechanoreceptors which accelerate movements during reflexes.

• 5. The fibers of the two portions of the Masseter are continuous at their insertion. True or False.

• 6. Fill in the blank. The posterior fibers of Temporalis muscle ______ the mandible.

• 7. Other name of pterygoideus externus and its innervations

• 8. It is the movement of the mandible to the right and left during mastication

• 9. It is the position of the mandible with maximum intercuspation of teeth

• 10. What muscles are involved in the right and lateral movement of the jaw?

• 11. It is a developmental disturbance which causes Failure on the development of Mandibular condyle.

• 12. Characterize the important structural changes happened in the collagen bundles in TMJ

• 13. What happened in synovial fluid when there is arthritis in TMJ?

• 14. What layer does the growth center occur in the condyle of the mandible?

• 15. What ligament associated with the Temporomandibular Joint does protect the external auditory meatus in posterior movement of the condyle of the mandible?

• 16. What important substance does the articular capsule contain?

• 17. What is the lateral boundary of the glenoid fossa?

• 14. TRUE or FALSE: The development of the TMJ begins at 16 weeks in the utero.

• 15- 16. Give the two regions of mesenchymal cells and the structures that arise from them.

Answers• 1. Temporomandibular Joint• 2. Hilton’s Law• 3. Synovial sliding-ginglymoid joint articulation• 4. Pacinian corpuscles• 5. TRUE• 6. RETRACTS• 7. Lateral Pterygoid, Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve• 8. Bennet movement• 9. Centric occlusion• 10. Lateral pterygoid and Medial pterygoid• 11. Aplasia of Condyle• 12. Collagen bundles become thin, fragile, and separated from each other• 13. Synovial fluid is reduced in amount and becomes thicker in viscosity• 14. Layer of Hyaline Cartilage• 15. (Lateral) Temporomandibular Ligament• 16. Synovial Fluid/ Synovial Membrane• 17. Root of the Zygomatic Bone• 18. Lateral mandibular Ligament• 19. Synovial fluid• 20. Root of zygomatic process of the temporal bone

Oral Mucosa

• 1.-4. Name the layers of the oral epithelium.• 5.-7. Name the layers of the oral mucosa.• 8. What is the principal cell in the lamina propria of

oral mucosa, which is responsible for the elaboration and turnover of both fiber and ground substance, and that is also important in maintaining tissue integrity?

• 9. What is the connective tissue supporting the oral epithelium that has these two layers: a superficial papillary and a reticular layer?

• • 10. It is part of the oral mucosa and at the same time,

the most peripheral part of the tooth supporting apparatus.

• 11. It appears as a line that marks the connection between the attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa.

• 12. It is a fusiform mucosal mass that forms the midline of the palate and represents the fusion area of the palatine processes in the hard palate.

• 13. A systemic disease in the oral mucosa that is manifested by a magenta-colored tongue.

• 14. It is the inflammation of the gums.• 15. It is the serious and advanced stage of gum disease, which includes

bone loss.• 16. What type of lining mucosa is lined by a thin, orthokeratinized,

stratified squamous epithelium?• 17. It lines the lateral wall of the gingival sulcus and is continuous with the

occlusal end of junctional epithelium apically and with the oral gingival epithelium occlusally.

• 18. It is a shallow groove between the tooth surface andthe free gingiva that extends around the circumference of the tooth.

• 19. It is the epithelial part of the free gingival not visible from the outside which forms a collar around the neck of tooth on the cervical enamel.

• 20. It is the part of gingiva that is attached to the teeth and alveolar bone.

Answers• 1. Stratum basale/ Germinativum

2. Stratum spinosum/ Prickle-cell layer3. Stratum granulosum/ Granular layer4. Stratum corneum/ Superficial layer

• 5. Oral epithelium6. Lamina propria7. Submucosa

• 8. Fibroblast• 9. Lamina propria• 10. Gingiva• 11. Mucogingival junction• 12. Media raphe• 13. Pernicious Anemia• 14. Gingivitis• 15. Periodontitis• 16. Vermillion zone of the lips• 17. Sulcular epithelium• 18. Gingival sulcus• 19. Junctional epithelium• 20. Attached gingiva

Chapter 13

1. Disease which is caused by the disturbance in the development of the enamel during matrix formation. Enamel Hypoplasia

2. Cells directly involved during shedding . Odontoclast 3. Because human possess two dentitions, they are considered ______.

Diphyodont4. Another term for shedding. Exfoliation5. Movements made by the tooth after it has reached its functional position

in the occlusal plane. Posteruptive 6. Form of cell death. Apoptosis7. This canal occurs where the roof of the alveolar crypt of the permanent

tooth is not complete. Gubernacular Canal8. Made by deciduous and permanent tooth germs before they begin to

erupt. Preeruptive Phase9. Set of dentition between the ages 6 months and 2 years. Primary teeth10. It is the lateral bodily movement of the teeth on both sides of the mouth

toward the midline of the arch. Mesial Drift

11. Physiologic process resulting in the elimination of deciduous dentition. Shedding

12. Plays an important role in maintaining tooth position. Periodontal Ligament

13. Type of cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen Fibroblast

14. A phase that begins when tooth reaches the occlusal plane and continues its functions. Functional Phase

15. Actual movement of the tooth towards the occlucal plane. Active Eruption 16. Another term for primary teeth. Deciduous Teeth17. Gubernacular cord is composed of central strand of epithelium derived

from ________ Dental Lamina18. For deciduous molar, root ________ commences on the inner surface

where the permanent premolars initially develop. Resorption19. The occurrence when the tooth breaks out from the crypt. Eruption20. Path of eruption of succedaneous tooth is _______ to the axis of the

deciduous tooth. Lingual

Answers1. Enamel Hypoplasia2. Odontoclast3. Diphyodont4. Exfoliation5. Post eruptive6. Apoptosis7. Gubernacular canal8. Preeruptive phase9. Primary Teeth10. Mesial Drift11. Shedding12. Periodontal Ligament13. Fibroblast14. Functional Phase15. Active Eruption 16. Deciduous Teeth17. Dental Lamina18. Resorption19. Eruption 20. Lingual

Chapter 10

• QUESTIONS:• 1. The ruffled border of the osteoclasts demarcates what zone?

Zone of resorption• 2. They are known as the “housekeeper” of the bone? Osteocytes• 3. Most important function of the osteoblast-osteocyte complex?

Prevent hypermineralization of the bone• 4. It is found between two bony plates. Spongiosa• 5. It lines the walls of the socket. Alveolar bone proper• 6. Outer bony plate which is the outside wall of maxilla and

mandible. Cortical Plate• 7. Also known as tooth dependent bony structures? Alveolar

Process• 8. Part of the alveolar process that widens when there is a loss of

masticatory function? Bone Marrow Spaces• 9. T/F: In movement of the teeth, there is always resorption of

bone on the tense side, while there is compensatory growth of bone or apposition on the pressure side. False

• 10. The basic unit of the bone tissue? Osteon

• 11. This method of ossification uses a cartilage predecessor to form the bone tissue. Endochondral bone formation

• 12. Give 2 structures that form a network of blood vessels providing a pathway for the nutrients for the osteocytes. Haversian Canals and Volkmann’s Canals

• 13. This is the removal of both organic and inorganic materials from the bone. Bone Resorption

• 14. The development of this part of the mandible is marked by a rapid growth. Ramus of the Mandible

• 15. From which Pharyngeal Arch Cartilage does the mandible come from? First Branchial Arch or First Pharyngeal Arch or Meckel’s cartilage

• 16. What are the two centers of ossification of the Premaxilla? Palate-ficial center and Prevomerine center or Paraseptal center

• 17. What is the future structure formed due to the pattern of bone deposition or direction of ossification of the Maxilla proper? What does it transmit? Infraorbital groove; Infraorbital nerve

Answers1. Zone of resorption2. Osteocytes3. Prevent hypermineralization of bone4. Spongiosa5. Alveolar bone proper6. Cortical plate7. Alveolar process8. Bone marrow spaces9. False10. Osteon11. Endochondral bone formation12. Volkmann’s Canal & Haversian Canal13. Bone Resorption14. Ramus of the mandible15. First Pharyngeal Arch or Meckel’s Cartilage16. Paraseptal center17. Infraorbital groove/ infraorbital nerve

Chapter 12

What two parts of the oral cavity are devoid of minor salivary glands?• Gingival, anterior hard palate• What type of saliva does the labial gland secrete?• Mixed type• What type of epithelium lines the intercalated ducts?• Low cuboidal epithelium• What is the product secreted by mucous cells containing high carbohydrate content?• Mucin• What is the lining epithelium of striated ducts? • Columnar epithelium• What is the disease of the salivary gland characterized by the formation of calculi along the ducts?• Sialolithiasis• What is the virus causing mumps? • Paramyxovirus• What is the gland whose primordial arises first from the oral mucosa?• Parotid gland• True or False: The saliva contains lysozymes which help in degradation of bacterial cell wall.• True• Mixed saliva is secreted by what glands?• Submandibular and sublingual glands

• What is the complex fluid found lubricating the mucosa and teeth of the oral cavity?• Saliva• Where does the Wharton’s duct drain its secretions?• Sublingual papilla• What are the ducts of the sublingual gland that drain directly into the sublingual fold?• Ducts of Rivinus• During the resting flow of saliva, what is the percentage contribution of the submandibular

gland?• 60%• What are the two parts of the conventional functional unit of salivary glands?• Parenchyma and stroma• This is the ability of the saliva to constantly flush food debris from interproximal spaces of the

teeth.• Lavaging• This is the defensive component of the saliva that is capable of removing clumps of bacteria.• Immunoglobulin A• What is the ideal pH of the oral cavity? 6.5-6.8pH• Which duct opens opposite the upper second molar?• Stensen’s duct• What are the structures found capping the mucous cells of submandibular glands?• Serous demilunes