1.What role do biofilmsNOTplay? A biofilm can play a role in preventing phagocytosis Biofilms protects bacteria from chemical disinfectants Biofilms can make many antibiotics less effective A biofilm helps prevent bacteria from attaching to any one specific surface2. Dental plaque is one of the best known examples of a biofilm. What Gram-positive cocci is known to be involved with the formation of dental plaques? Bacillus cereus Streptococcus mutans Actinomyces neuii Neisseria subflava3. All the following are necessary for the formation of biofilm exceptA SurfaceWaterMicroorganismDissolved Organic Materials4. Which of these surfaces has been shown to be resistant to colonization by biofilms?Silicone materials such as in urinary catheters.Normal healthy human mucus membranes such as in the lungs.Chromium, titanium and cobalt metal alloys such as are found in artificial hips.Silver coated thread as is found in the sewing cuffs of some prosthetic heart valve replacements.5. Which of the following represents the typical sequence in the development of a biofilm?Conditioning film => Matrix formation and growth => irreversible attachment => reversible attachment => DispersalConditioning film => irreversible attachment => Dispersal => reversible attachment => Matrix formation and growthMatrix formation and growth => Conditioning film => irreversible attachment => reversible attachment => DispersalConditioning film => reversible attachment => irreversible attachment => Matrix formation and growth => Dispersal

6. what are pathogens transmitted by milkmycobacterium bovis clostridium perfringens campylobacter jejuni vibrio parahaemolytiusstaphylococcus aureus7. Where is vibrio parahaemolyticusfound?Seafood especially shellfishCanned foodEggs, poultry, red meatDried food8.has lessened the incidene of food born disease transmitted via milk (Pasteurization)9. salmonella, staphylococcus aureus, clostridium perfringens all causes.symptoms (gastroenteritis) because they produce(enterotoxin) 10. Biofilms have a reputation as being resistant to many threats the environment may hold for bacterial cells. Which of the following are biofilms particularly resistant to?AntibodiesX-raysPredation by protozoa and phagocytic white blood cellsAntibiotics