1

Questions for discussion

Death penalty

1. What happened in Bali, October 2002?

2. How many Australians were killed?

3. How did the bombing make many Australians feel?

4. When was the last person executed in Australia?

5. Why are some people opposed to the death penalty?

6. Name some countries that still have capital punishment.

7. What did the Indonesian court say should happen to the Bali bombers?

8. Why did their lawyers appeal the decision?

9. How have Australians reacted to the punishment?

10. What do you think should happen to the Bali bombers? Explain your answer.

Test your knowledge in the online quiz.

Airport scanners

1. What was the main point of the story?

2. Why do they use scanners and metal detectors in airports?

3. Why has airport security changed over the last ten years?

4. Why are there restrictions about taking liquids on to planes?

5. Describe the new scanner being trialled in some airports.

6. Why are some people opposed to it?

7. Do you agree with this sort of technology being used? Explain your answer.

8. What was surprising about this story?

9. Predict what airport security might be like in 10 years.

10. How has your thinking about airport security changed since watching the BtN

story?

Send a message or tell us what you think on the BtN Guestbook.

Bottled water

1. Write a brief outline of the BtN bottled water story.

2. Why do people drink bottled water?

3. Where does most of the water we buy in Australia come from?

4. Why do you think some farmers started selling water?

5. What do opponents of bottled water want to happen?

6. Why are they against bottled water?

7. What are some advantages of tap water?

8. When is it essential to drink bottled water?

9. What do water bottlers say about the environmental concerns?

10. What do you think should happen next?

EPISODE 30

28TH OCTOBER 2008

2

`Should people use tap water instead of bottled water?’ Vote in the online poll.

Paper planes

1. Summarise the story in your own words.

2. Describe a paper plane design that you saw in the BtN story.

3. What factors do you think affected flight performance?

4. What are the four forces that make a paper plane fly?

5. Explain two of the forces.

6. What is the `natural enemy of the paper plane’?

7. What is responsible for keeping a paper plane in the air?

8. Explain how it works.

9. What do you understand more clearly after watching the BtN story?

10. What is a key factor in making a paper plane fly successfully?

Design, make and test a paper plane. Hold a competition with other class members.

Virtual island

1. Retell the story in your own words.

2. What is Entropia?

3. How can people make money playing virtual games like Entropia?

4. Apart from the ability to make money, what are the benefits of playing virtual

games?

5. What are some of the negative aspects of these games?

6. How much did David pay for an island on Entropia?

7. Describe the characters you can create.

8. How have the Western Australia Police used virtual reality?

9. What are the benefits of using this technology to recruit people?

10. What would you put in your perfect world and who would you most want in it?

Create a diorama of a scene from a virtual game. Display in class.

3

Bottled water

Every year Australians spend almost half a billion

dollars on bottled water. So why are we spending so

much on something that comes out of the tap for next to

nothing?

Focus Questions

1. Write a brief outline of the BtN bottled water story.

2. Why do people drink bottled water?

3. Where does most of the water we buy in Australia come from?

4. Why do you think some farmers started selling water?

5. What do opponents of bottled water want to happen?

6. Why are they against bottled water?

7. What are some advantages of tap water?

8. When is it essential to drink bottled water?

9. What do water bottlers say about the environmental concerns?

10. What do you think should happen next?

The bottled water debate

Ask students to spend one minute writing down all the different words they associate

with water. Share in groups or as a whole class.

Students will be investigating the issues associated with bottled water. Their task is to

write a media release from either a bottled water company or an environmental/social

action group. Explain to students that a media or press release is an official statement

issued to journalists on a particular matter. They need to provide enough information

to enable a reporter to write their own story based on the release.

Students writing a media release from a bottled water company will include

information about the social and health benefits of drinking bottled water. Press

releases from an environmental/social action group will focus on the negative aspects

of drinking bottled water.

Features of a media release:

Head it with `Press release’ or `Media release’ and the date

The first paragraph needs to `catch’ the reader’s attention

Write it in the third person

Include quotes or comments to support the information

Use positive and expressive words and phrases

End the release with contact names and phone numbers

Remind students that a media release needs to be written in a way that will still make

sense if the story is trimmed.

EPISODE 30

28TH OCTOBER 2008

Learning Area

Society and

Environment

Key learning

Students will

investigate the

issues associated

with bottled water.

The following websites explain

how to write a press release

http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnew

s/hi/newsid_4610000/newsid_

4615600/4615681.stm

http://www.advocatesforyouth.

org/media/pressrelease.htm

Examples of press releases are

at the following websites

http://www.acfonline.org.au/D

efault.asp?c=24483

http://www.ccamatil.com.au/2

008MR.asp

4

Further investigations

Students use the media releases to write a news article about the issue. The

following websites will support students to write a news article

http://www.galaxy.bedfordshire.gov.uk/webingres/bedfordshire/vlib/0.children_te

enagers/vhc_how_newspaper.htm

http://www.mediacollege.com/journalism/news/write-stories.html

Research and visually represent the life cycle of a plastic water bottle.

Conduct a water taste test. Use water from a variety of sources (tap, filtered,

bottled) and survey students, teacher and parents. Ask them to rate the water on a

scale of 0-10 (0 being the worst) and comment on the smell, flavour and aftertaste.

Share the results with your class.

Students speak for 1 minute on one of the following topics:

The health concerns of drinking tap water.

The price of bottled water.

The health benefits of bottled water.

Related Research Links

ABC Landline - Hope Springs Eternal

http://www.abc.net.au/landline/content/2008/s2369117.htm

ABC News – Bottled water in green groups’ sights

http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2007/11/22/2097571.htm?section=justin

Choice website – Bottled water

http://www.choice.com.au/viewArticle.aspx?id=104793&catId=100286&tid=100008

&p=1&title=Bottled+water

Planet Ark - Bottled water has high environmental costs

http://www.planetark.com/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/41868/story.htm

H2O Facts - Advantages and disadvantages of bottled water

http://www.canleyvale.hs.education.nsw.gov.au/Winning%20websites/eau/facts.htm

5

Paper planes

There are lots of different ways to fold a paper plane.

Some designs were tested recently at the National

Paper Plane contest.

Focus Questions

1. Summarise the story in your own words.

2. Describe a paper plane design that you saw in the BtN story.

3. What factors do you think affected flight performance?

4. What are the four forces that make a paper plane fly?

5. Explain two of the forces.

6. What is the `natural enemy of the paper plane’?

7. What is responsible for keeping a paper plane in the air?

8. Explain how it works.

9. What do you understand more clearly after watching the BtN story?

10. What is a key factor in making a paper plane fly successfully?

Paper plane competition

Students will be designing, making and testing a paper plane. Hold a class discussion

to find out what students already know about constructing paper planes and the factors

that affect flight performance. Students then need to design a paper plane and choose

the type of paper they are going to use to make it.

When students have constructed their plane, ask them to record their predictions about

how far they think their plane will fly. Students will need a safe area to test their

planes.

Ask students to test their plane three times and work out the average distance travelled

(add the three distances together and divide by 3). Ask students to modify the design

and/or the type of paper used. Repeat the testing and record the results.

In groups of 4 or 5 ask students to share their results. What factors affected the flight

of their planes? Each group can then report back to the class with a summary of their

groups’ results.

Reflection

Ask students to consider the following:

What was successful about your plane design?

What changes would you make? Why?

What was surprising about your plane design?

EPISODE 30

28TH OCTOBER 2008

Learning Area

Design and

Technology, Science

Key learning

Students will

investigate factors

affecting the flight

of paper planes.

There are website links at the

end of this activity sheet that

have information about paper

plane designs

Paper used to construct planes

could include:

Copy paper

Newspaper

Tissue paper

Cardboard

6

Further investigations

Create a timeline of significant events in aviation history.

Teach a student from another class how to design, make and test a paper plane.

Related Research Links

ABC Sydney – Universities battle for planes success

http://www.abc.net.au/news/video/2008/10/18/2394757.htm?site=sydney

Paper Wings – Worldwide paper plane contest

http://www.redbullpaperwings.com/

Howstuffworks – How to make paper airplanes

http://home.howstuffworks.com/paper-airplanes.htm

Making paper airplanes

http://www.airplane-collectible-best-net-resource.com/paper-airplane.html

7

TRANSCRIPT 28/10/08

Episode 30

On this week's Behind the News. Are new scanners with X-Ray vision too revealing? Is bottled water taking a big toll on the environment? And paper pilots dogfight for Australia. Hi I'm Nathan Bazley welcome to Behind the News. Also on the show today how real fortunes are being made in virtual worlds. Those items later but first to our top story.

DEATH PENALTY

Reporter, Sarah Larsen INTRO: Last week an Indonesian court decided that three men known as 'the Bali bombers' should be executed next month. That’s a huge deal for many Aussies, because they had family or friends killed by these men in a terrorist attack. But there are some who say the men shouldn't be killed - that the death penalty is going too far. Here's Sarah to explain. SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: Beautiful beaches, friendly faces, music and dancing. This is Bali and for years it has been a tourist paradise for tons of Aussies. That's because it is just a few hours from Australia, in Indonesia. But six years ago something happened that changed how Australians thought of Bali. You might not remember seeing this on TV but it had a huge impact. On October 12, 2002, two bombs went off near popular Bali nightclubs. 202 people were killed including 88 Australians. JOHN HOWARD, FORMER PRIME MINISTER: The wanton, cruel, barbaric character of what occurred here last Saturday night has shocked our nation to the core. REPORTER: That was the last Prime Minister, John Howard. Lots of Australians felt the same way. So when they caught the people that did this people wanted justice. These men were charged with organising the bombing and sentenced to death. Now, that might seem a bit strange to you because it's not something that would happen here. Australia doesn't have the death penalty, but it used to. In the old days you could be hanged for serious crimes. The last time that happened was in 1967 in Melbourne. A man called Ronald Ryan was hanged for shooting a prison officer during a jail break. But it caused a lot of controversy and there were big public protests. Some people thought it was wrong for governments to kill someone for any reason and there were concerns that courts could make mistakes and innocent people could be put to death. Eventually the laws were changed so criminals couldn't be killed, no matter how awful their crime.

8

But there are still people who agree with the death penalty and other countries still have it including the US, Japan, China, and Indonesia. It’s called Capital Punishment and it comes from a Latin word; Caput, which means head. In the past many countries would cut off the heads of criminals found guilty. That still happens in some places, but there are other forms of capital punishment; like lethal injection, electrocution, hanging, and death by firing squad. That's what the Indonesian court said should happen to the Bali Bombers. However their lawyers didn't agree. Where capital punishment is used, it's supposed to be as quick and painless as possible so the criminals don't suffer too much. The Bali bombers' lawyers said if they were executed by firing squad, there was a chance the shooters could miss and cause the bombers pain so they appealed the court's decision DEFENCE LAWYER: They should hear what the constitutional court have to say before they execute Amrozi that what I say. But last week the judge overturned their appeal and it's now been decided that the bombers will be executed early next month. Some Aussies aren't happy about that because they don't think the death penalty is right. Some even reckon killing the bombers will only make them heroes to other terrorists. But others are relieved. While it won't bring their loved ones back they feel justice is being done. The Wire Now last week there was a serious development to try and tackle obesity. That's our top story in the wire. *********************************** Food manufacturers have offered to stop advertising junk food during kids TV. They made the move after lots of pressure from health experts but those experts are still not happy. They say the ad ban should extend to prime time TV because that's when most kids watch especially teenagers. ******************* Type One Diabetes is one of the most serious and common chronic diseases that affects kids and it's increasing every year. But soon it may not affect as many if the trial of a new drug is successful. Kids around the country are helping to test a vaccine against the disease. The trial will last for five years. ******************* And there's been an amazing survival story in a house fire in Melbourne.

9

As well as a family two dogs and four kittens live in the home. The mum and three kids got out with one of the dogs. But a younger dog and some kittens were still inside. They came across a dog named Leo who was guarding 4 kittens in the second bedroom. Leo was carried out of the house but the gallant guard dog was in some strife the fire fighters gave him heart massage and oxygen Eventually fire fighters also found the four kittens and the family and their pets were reunited. Presenter And I thought dogs weren't meant to like cats!

AIRPORT SAFETY Reporter, Catherine Ellis

INTRO: Lots of kids dream about what it would be like to have x-ray vision - like superheroes in movies!! But did you know some airports have it. They have scanners which can see through your clothes in case you're carrying weapons. But not everyone is happy about this. Catherine thought she'd head check out why. CATHERINE ELLIS, REPORTER: Now if you've been to an airport, this stuff would look pretty familiar. You may have already checked in, got your ticket and dropped your luggage off, but to get through to the terminal you must pass these guys. There's a walk through metal detector which picks up things like weapons and bombs. And while you're passing through that your stuff has to go through an x-ray bag scanner. It picks up all kinds of objects and the security guys are trained to look for anything suspicious. Even things like tweezers and nail files aren't allowed through, in case they're used dangerously. Now this, you don't always get, but it's a special 'hand wand' which checks for traces of explosives. And these guys also lend a hand. Now it's because of events like this, that airport security is so tight. On September 11, 2001, a group of terrorists hijacked planes and crashed them into the World Trade Centre and Pentagon in the United States. 3000 people died, including 10 Australians. And two years ago, UK authorities stopped a group of people who were planning to blow up several planes using liquid bombs disguised as drinks. Now that's why if you're heading overseas you're only allowed to take a small amount of essential liquids and in a clear plastic bag so they can be checked.

10

Now to improve security at Aussie Airports, authorities are testing and adopting new technologies. This bag scanner - unlike the one we just showed you - can detect explosives. There's none in my bag, but you can see my phone, a banana, coins, a drink bottle, and a dinosaur. Another new gadget can scan liquids and aerosols to see if they're dangerous. No all clear. But this machine is just like Superman - it has x-ray vision!! It can see right through your clothes and pick up if you're carrying any banned items in sneaky places! But that has really upset human rights groups because they reckon it's a huge invasion of privacy. Authorities say it is private because the person checking the image is in a separate room and can't see you. And you can see in this test image that people's heads are blurred. No-one else gets to see your image and it's not saved. But passengers still have mixed views. PASSENGER 1: It's too revealing. I have a shower with nothing on ok, I even lock the door then. It's too revealing I don't like it. Definitely no. Quiz 1 And you can tell us what you think in the guestbook. Time for a quiz. How many glasses of fluid should the average adult drink every day?

a. 2 b. 5 c. 8

Answer: 8 Presenter That varies a lot on how big you are, how much exercise you do and how hot it is. The main thing is drink when you're thirsty! But how you get your water is the topic of our next story. BOTTLED WATER Reporter, Sarah Larsen INTRO: Every year Australians spend almost half a billion dollars on bottled water but some critics say that's at a big cost to the environment. Why? Here's Sarah to explain. SARAH LARSEN, REPORTER: This summer a battle will rage. On one side it's tap water, on the other side, bottled water. REPORTER: Getting a drink of water used to be as easy as turning on the tap.

11

But now there are a lot more decisions involved. There are hundreds of different brands of bottled water and they range in price from under a dollar to more than 5! Overseas there are brands which sell for more than 50 dollars a bottle! So why do people pay for something that they can get for almost nothing? REPORTER: Do you buy bottled water? KID 1: Yes because it’s more convenient. REPORTER: Why would you buy bottled water? KID 2: I think it tastes better. KID 3: I prefer the taste of bottled water to soft drink. KID 4: I'd buy bottled water because it’s a healthier option than soft drinks. A lot of the water we buy in Australia comes from properties like this one in Cooroy, Queensland GREG DINSEY, WATER BOTTLER: We don't draw the water from a natural spring we get it from a bore and this is one of the bores over here. Greg Dinsey used to farm cattle on his property but now he's making more money selling the water underneath it. There are other Aussie farms with similar stories like this one in South Australia which sells about 25 million litres of water a year in bottles and boxes with a bunch of different labels. And while the farmers are happy to have tapped into a growing market there are some who want to pull the plug on their success. JON DEE, BOTTLED WATER ALLIANCE: Our aim over the next two years is to reduce the amount of bottled water by at least 20 percent. Jon Dee's group is part of a growing campaign which says our love of bottled water is hurting the environment. These plastic bottles may be convenient, but it takes a lot of oil to make them and even though they can be recycled they often end up as landfill. Environment groups say that's a big waste when we should be enjoying water from the tap. Experts say tap water is continually tested for bacteria and other nasties, so it's safe and it may have an added benefit because in most states it’s got added fluoride which is good for your teeth. Some say the chemicals added to treat tap water affect the taste. REPORTER: I've filled one of these glasses with tap water and the other two with bottled water. Let’s see if people can tell the difference REPORTER: Which one do you like better? KIDS: I like the blue cup. The blue one. The pink cup and I reckon it's tap water. The blue one, thank you. I reckon I like the blue one.

12

I think I like the pink. I like the blue one better. I think I like the pink one better. I like the pink one better. I like the pink one better REPORTER: Well it looks like that one's still open for debate. There are times when bottled water is essential, like when there's a natural disaster. Water bottlers say it’s not fair to pick on them when soft drinks and juices create just as much rubbish. And the plastic bottles can be recycled to make everything from furniture to fleece jackets. So there are two sides to this battle and the water fight looks set to continue. ONLINE POLL OK that'll be our online poll this week The question is "Should people use tap water instead of bottled water?" If you want to vote go to our website at abc.net.au/btn PAPER PLANES Reporter, Nathan Bazley INTRO: Have you ever been sitting round in class, got a bit bored and decided to make a paper plane? They can be a lot of fun to muck around with but with thousands of different ways to fold one they're also quite the art form. And some students found that out first hand at the National Paper Plane contest! Yep seriously! Out in the dry bush of Australia, water is scarce. Aeroplanes. They're amazing feats of engineering, designed to cheat gravity at breakneck speeds. And these are paper planes. They're amazing origami creations made from just a single sheet of paper and they're designed more for passing time in class, than passing the speed of sound. NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: We've all spent time mucking round with a piece of paper, trying to come up with a killer plane design. But did you know that you could have told your teachers you were actually practicing for a national competition?! Welcome to the National Paper Plane Trials. Here students will be pitting their folding fingers and swinging arms against some of the best paper plane designers this country has to offer and, it seems, some of the worst. Looks like it's back to the drawing board! In fact it looked like a quite a few of these paper pilots were going down in flames. NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: Okay so the first few competitors didn't really seem to have it figured out, so it might be worth taking a look at how a paper plane actually works! There are four forces that make all this folded flight possible. Gravity you already know; it's the natural enemy of the paper plane!

13

Then there is thrust, the power you give the plane when you throw it and drag, wind resistance slowing the plane down. But none of those forces are actually responsible for keeping your plane up in the air. When you see a paper plane flying along, you could be forgiven for thinking it's floating on air. But it's not. It's actually being 'sucked' up by the air! The reason is that the air travelling over the top of the wings is moving faster than the air going underneath. This creates lower pressure above the wing, so the plane is sucked up into it. So the fourth force is called lift! Back at the competition, there were finally some people who seemed to have the skills to perform. ADAM, PAPER PLANE COMPETITOR: I hate to admit it but yes I am a nerd But not just any nerd. Adam is doing Aerospace Engineering at uni! ADAM: In terms of analysis I probably have an edge on people. However as they all kept folding, flinging and failing, their laughter seemed to travel much farther than their planes ever did. And after seeing all the fun, Catherine, Kirsty and I decided to have our own competition! We each went for different designs, using a combination of physics and mostly guesswork. But Catherine seemed to forget the one rule of a paper plane comp. You have to use paper! Presenter What a cheater! In case you were wondering there were a few pros at the comp. The winning throw went nearly 33 metres while the longest air time broke the ten second mark. The winners will now head over to compete in the World championships in Austria next year! Quiz 2 Let’s do a paper quiz. Where did origami - the art of paper folding - develop?

a. China b. Korea c. Japan

Answer: Japan There has been a history of paper folding in quite a few countries including China and Korea but most experts agree its main development was in Japan. THE SCORE

14

Time for the Score. Here's Sarah. Australia has made a good start to the rugby league world cup. The kangaroos beat New Zealand 30 points to Six on Sunday. The final is in Brisbane on the 22nd of November. *************** For the first time an Australian driver has taken the 'chequered flag' at the Indy-three-hundred on Queensland's Gold Coast. Starting from the second row of the grid Ryan Briscoe kept his cool to beat New Zealand's Scott Dixon and American Ryan Hunter-Ray. But there was more heartbreak for fellow Australian Will Power who crashed out while leading the race. **************** And moving to two wheels Aussie Casey Stoner ended the 2008 Moto GP season off on a high, taking victory in the final race in Valencia. The win was his 6th for the year but unfortunately wasn't enough to push him past Valentino Rossi for the championship. Stoner will now go into surgery on his injured wrist in an effort to recover before next season begins. Presenter Gutsy effort there from Stoner to ride through the pain. VIRTUAL ISLAND Reporter, Nathan Bazley It looks like a computer game. DAVID STOREY, ENTROPIA PLAYER: I am on Treasure Island, this is the centre of Treasure Island. And even sounds like a computer game. But believe it or not, this whole virtual island is owned by one man and he's making a whole lot of money from it! DAVID STOREY: That's my mansion off to the left. It's all part of a computer generated world called Entropia, where despite not being able to actually touch or smell anything real, David was prepared to shell out $US26,000 for a slice of it - one whole Island! And if you're thinking he's pretty silly, you might want to think again! He's already making around $US100,000 a year from his little pixel-island paradise! DAVID STOREY: I make money from hunting and mining taxation on the island, so people come on to the island, they do stuff and I get a small percentage of whatever they find. And he's not the only one cashing in from this digital world!

15

All up, players everywhere have earned over 400 million bucks! So how does it all work? Well despite the economy, Entropia is still a game. You can buy weapons, hunt monsters and mine for minerals. But there's no fake credits or 'super mario coins' here. Every dollar earned in the game can be transferred straight to your wallet. Yep! You can set up virtual businesses, make and sell virtual products and then convert your virtual profits into real cash! The downside to all this is that if you can make money, you can always lose it as well! NATHAN BAZLEY, REPORTER: And that's one of the big issues facing these virtual worlds. With so much money flying around, crime seems to be following. Stories of muggings, fraud and gangs charging new players protection money have all been reported. It's becoming such a problem, some police are calling for cyber crimes to be punished just as harshly as real ones! To live in this virtual world, you need to create your own character called an Avatar. You can be any gender you want and have any hairstyle or other look. You can change the clothes you're wearing and if later on you're not happy, you can even go to a virtual beautician and pay real money for a makeover! DAVID STOREY: Over here is for face sculpting, so you can have plastic surgery done if you want to. But it's not all fun and games here in virtual reality. You can also get a job! POLICE OFFICER: Welcome to the launch of the Western Australia Police recruiting centre here in Second Life. Just when you thought it was getting hard to tell what's real and what's not, people like the West Australian Police force are using computer-generated worlds to recruit real-world cops! TRUDI ANGUIN: He's asking how old he needs to be before he applies as a police officer. So we will tell him that he needs to be 18 years old. They say the benefit is that they can target specific types of people, like people with great computer skills. And with the amazing amount of time some are spending in this virtual world, experience with computers would certainly not be hard to find! CLOSER Back to the real world. That's it for another show. Don't forget you can also tune in every Monday to Friday at 5 to 6 for an update of kids' news in BTN Daily. Catch ya later.