Questions of the DayQuestions of the Day

3-12-093-12-09

1. What is desertification?1. What is desertification?

http://www.remibenali.com/issues-sahel/sahel-4.php

Desertification isDesertification is

An expansion of dry conditions into An expansion of dry conditions into moist areas that are next to the moist areas that are next to the desertdesert

2. How does oil production 2. How does oil production affect the environment in affect the environment in

Nigeria?Nigeria?

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Oil Production in NigeriaOil Production in Nigeria

Damaged the landDamaged the land Harmed the people in the Nigerian Harmed the people in the Nigerian

DeltaDelta– Acid rainAcid rain– Pollution of air, water, landPollution of air, water, land– Do not clean up oil spillsDo not clean up oil spills

3. What is this image? What 3. What is this image? What is it used for?is it used for?

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The Aswan High DamThe Aswan High Dam Used forUsed for

– Controlling floodwatersControlling floodwaters– IrrigationIrrigation– Water suppliesWater supplies

ProblemsProblems– Relocation of people, loss of treasuresRelocation of people, loss of treasures– Malaria and other diseasesMalaria and other diseases– Loss of fertility of the soil around the NileLoss of fertility of the soil around the Nile

Rise of Early CivilizationsRise of Early Civilizations

Location on seasLocation on seas TradeTrade

International TradeInternational Trade

East Africa became a cultural East Africa became a cultural crossroadscrossroads

Traded with India, Egypt, Roman Traded with India, Egypt, Roman EmpireEmpire

Berlin Conference 1884-Berlin Conference 1884-18851885

European colonization beginsEuropean colonization begins European nations divided Africa in European nations divided Africa in

order to obtain its resourcesorder to obtain its resources Only countries of Liberia and Ethiopia Only countries of Liberia and Ethiopia

remained free from European controlremained free from European control

Effects of colonialismEffects of colonialism

European countries decided where European countries decided where boundaries should be setboundaries should be set

Boundaries combined peoples that Boundaries combined peoples that were enemieswere enemies

Farming and Tourism Farming and Tourism EconomiesEconomies

Cash crops riskyCash crops risky– Crop prices depend on world marketCrop prices depend on world market

Agricultural Base is changingAgricultural Base is changing– More people moving to cities to seek More people moving to cities to seek

employment opportunities thereemployment opportunities there Threats to wildlife parksThreats to wildlife parks

– More land is needed to grow food for the More land is needed to grow food for the increasing human populationincreasing human population

– Some farmers have started plowing around Some farmers have started plowing around wildlife parkswildlife parks

Maintaining Traditional Maintaining Traditional CulturesCultures

Ethnic groups of East AfricaEthnic groups of East Africa– Masai and KikuyuMasai and Kikuyu

Mau Mau RebellionMau Mau Rebellion– Kikuyu organized rebellion to overthrow Kikuyu organized rebellion to overthrow

British rule British rule Masai and Kikuyu similaritiesMasai and Kikuyu similarities

– Masai are herders and farmersMasai are herders and farmers– Kikuyu are traditionally herders but Kikuyu are traditionally herders but

today work a variety of jobstoday work a variety of jobs

Health Care in Modern Health Care in Modern AfricaAfrica

Most critical health-care problem in Most critical health-care problem in East Africa is AIDSEast Africa is AIDS

AIDS and HIVAIDS and HIV– AIDS is the diseaseAIDS is the disease– Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is

the cause of AIDSthe cause of AIDS– Statistics are misleadingStatistics are misleading

Reflect numbers of people with AIDSReflect numbers of people with AIDS Does not reflect numbers of people infected Does not reflect numbers of people infected

with HIVwith HIV

DISASTERS! Famine in DISASTERS! Famine in SomaliaSomalia

Principal NATURAL cause of faminePrincipal NATURAL cause of famine– droughtdrought

Human factors that complicated the Human factors that complicated the famine in Somaliafamine in Somalia– Somali criminals disrupted relief shipmentsSomali criminals disrupted relief shipments– Civil warCivil war

Somalia’s HistorySomalia’s History– Influence of foreign colonizers brought about Influence of foreign colonizers brought about

changes such as the increased reliance on changes such as the increased reliance on cash crops and livestockcash crops and livestock