Quick chemistry revision

•Manufactured substance in industry

State the process and manufactured substance

Sulphuric acidContact Process

Ammonia Haber Process

Write equations for each stage to in Contact process

Stage 1 S + O2 SO2

Stage 2 2SO2 + O2 2SO3

Stage 3 SO3 + H2SO4 H2S2O7

H2S2O7+ H2O 2 H2SO4

State conditions needed in stage 2 contact process

Temperature 450 oC

pressure1 atm

catalyst Vanadium (V) oxide

State 3 uses of sulphuric acid

Manufacture of detergent

Production of fertiliser

Electrolytes in car battery

How can sulphur dioxide cause environmental problems?

cause coughing , chest pain

Cause acid rain that corrodes building and metal structures

Write equation for manufacture of ammonia in Haber process

N2 + 3H2 2NH3

State 3 conditions in the Haber process

Temperature 450 o C

pressure 200 atmosphere

Catalyst iron

State 3 uses of ammonia

Manufacture of fertiliser

To make nitric acid

State some properties of ammonia

Colourless gas

Has a pungent smell

Very soluble in water

State composition of alloys

bronze Copper and tin

brass Copper and zinc

Steel Iron and carbon

Why is alloy harder than its pure metals?

Atoms in alloyNot of same sizes

Not in orderly arrangementLess empty spaces between atoms

So, when force is applied, atoms are difficult to slip and slide

State monomers from polymers below

polythene Ethene

polypropene Propene

How does synthetic polymers pose environmental problems?

Not biodegradable, therefore difficult to dispose

When burnt, give out harmful gases

STATE TYPE OF GLASS WITH THESE PROPERTIES

Cheap, breaks easily, cannot withstand heat

Soda lime glass

Heat resistant and chemical resistant

Borosilicate glass

Heat resistant, optical transparency

Fused glass

Soft and easy to melt Lead crystal glass

STATE USES OF GLASS WITH THESE PROPERTIES

Cheap, breaks easily, cannot withstand heat

Cheap Glass containers, window panes

Heat resistant and chemical resistant

Cookware

Heat resistant, optical transparency

Laboratory glass, lenses,telescope mirrors

Soft and easy to melt Lead crystal glassware

STATE USES OF GLASS WITH TYPES OF GLASS

Cheap Glass containers, window panes

Cookware

Laboratory glass, lenses,telescope mirrors

Lead crystal glassware

Soda lime glass

Borosilicate glass

Fused glass

Lead crystal glass

State uses of composite materials

Super conductors Bullet train, MRI in hospitals

Fibre optic Mobile phones, in instrument to examine internal parts of body

Fibre glass Water tanks, rackets, helmets, boats

Photo chromic glass Optical lenses, car windshield