Quick QuizQuick QuizTruth, Facts, Theories, Definitions, Truth, Facts, Theories, Definitions,

SkepticismSkepticism

Quick Quiz 1Quick Quiz 1If its usefulness to us makes the sentence If its usefulness to us makes the sentence

‘this pancake is salty!’ true, which ‘this pancake is salty!’ true, which theory of truth is correct?theory of truth is correct?

A.A.CorrespondenceCorrespondence

B.B.CoherenceCoherence

C.C.PragmaticPragmatic

D.D.JesusJesus

E.E.NihilistNihilist

Quick Quiz 2Quick Quiz 2Future contingent events (like, there will Future contingent events (like, there will

be a sea battle tomorrow) are a problem be a sea battle tomorrow) are a problem for which theory of truth?for which theory of truth?

A.A.CorrespondenceCorrespondence

B.B.CoherenceCoherence

C.C.PragmaticPragmatic

D.D.JesusJesus

E.E.NihilistNihilist

Quick Quiz 3Quick Quiz 3When there are multiple possible When there are multiple possible

explanations and we don’t know which is explanations and we don’t know which is correct, we call each candidate a correct, we call each candidate a

A.A.HypothesisHypothesis

B.B.TheoryTheory

C.C.BeliefBelief

D.D.IdeaIdea

E.E.GuessGuess

Quick Quiz 4Quick Quiz 4When you define a term by saying what class When you define a term by saying what class

a thing belongs to and how it differs a thing belongs to and how it differs from others in that class, you’ve given from others in that class, you’ve given

A.A. an ostensive definitionan ostensive definition

B.B. an operational definitionan operational definition

C.C. a genus-difference definitiona genus-difference definition

D.D. a real definitiona real definition

E.E. a verbal definition a verbal definition

Quick Quiz 5Quick Quiz 5Which concepts / assertions below are Which concepts / assertions below are

messed up?messed up?

A.A.True factsTrue facts

B.B.False factsFalse facts

C.C.All facts are knownAll facts are known

D.D.Facts are states of affairsFacts are states of affairs

E.E.Facts cannot be doubtedFacts cannot be doubted

Quick Quiz 6Quick Quiz 6Descartes uses a method to discover what Descartes uses a method to discover what

he really knows. He calls the method, he really knows. He calls the method, the method of …the method of …

A.A. mayhem.mayhem.

B.B. clarity.clarity.

C.C. distinction.distinction.

D.D. doubt.doubt.

E.E. certainty.certainty.

Quick Quiz 7Quick Quiz 7The Dream Argument says, I can’t know if The Dream Argument says, I can’t know if

I’m awake or dreaming, and if I can’t I’m awake or dreaming, and if I can’t know that, I can’t know …know that, I can’t know …

A.A. anything.anything.

B.B. the external world.the external world.

C.C. 2 and 3 is 5.2 and 3 is 5.

D.D. God exists.God exists.

E.E. an evil demon exists. an evil demon exists.

Quick Quiz 8Quick Quiz 8Which argument does Berkeley offer as Which argument does Berkeley offer as

proof positive no one should believe in proof positive no one should believe in unperceived objects?unperceived objects?

A.A. The Transcendental ArgumentThe Transcendental Argument

B.B. The Phenomenological ArgumentThe Phenomenological Argument

C.C. The Modal ArgumentThe Modal Argument

D.D. The Master ArgumentThe Master Argument

E.E. The Monad ArgumentThe Monad Argument

Quick Quiz 9Quick Quiz 9Once Descartes knows he exists, he looks Once Descartes knows he exists, he looks

closely at his tiny piece of knowledge, ‘I closely at his tiny piece of knowledge, ‘I am, I exist’, for features that might am, I exist’, for features that might guarantee similar certainty elsewhere. He guarantee similar certainty elsewhere. He finds …finds …

A.A. nothing.nothing.

B.B. epistemic transparencyepistemic transparency

C.C. an ontological “bond of being”an ontological “bond of being”

D.D. clarity and distinctnessclarity and distinctness

E.E. divine sanctiondivine sanction

Quick Quiz 10Quick Quiz 10What principle does Descartes use to support this What principle does Descartes use to support this

inference?inference?

I have an idea of a infinite being I have an idea of a infinite being An infinite An infinite being existsbeing exists

A.A. Indiscernibility of IdenticalsIndiscernibility of Identicals

B.B. Identity of IndiscerniblesIdentity of Indiscernibles

C.C. Sufficient ReasonSufficient Reason

D.D. GradationGradation

E.E. PlenitudePlenitude

Quick Quiz 11Quick Quiz 11We have no experience of force or power We have no experience of force or power

except will-power. Therefore, by strict except will-power. Therefore, by strict reasoning, we should believe minds cause reasoning, we should believe minds cause all motion. Who reasons this way?all motion. Who reasons this way?

A.A. DescartesDescartes

B.B. LockeLocke

C.C. BerkeleyBerkeley

D.D. HumeHume

E.E. MalebrancheMalebranche

Quick Quiz 12Quick Quiz 12Who is so confident we know we exist Who is so confident we know we exist

that he just jokes about it?that he just jokes about it?

A.A. DescartesDescartes

B.B. LockeLocke

C.C. BerkeleyBerkeley

D.D. HumeHume

E.E. MalebrancheMalebranche

Quick Quiz 13Quick Quiz 13A. One billiard ball has hit another A. One billiard ball has hit another B. The other took B. The other took

offoff

Since A can be true and B false, there is no necessary Since A can be true and B false, there is no necessary connection between causes and effects.connection between causes and effects.

Who reasons like this?Who reasons like this?

A.A. DescartesDescartes

B.B. LockeLocke

C.C. BerkeleyBerkeley

D.D. HumeHume

E.E. MalebrancheMalebranche

Quick Quiz 14Quick Quiz 14Which of these philosophers was from Which of these philosophers was from

Ireland?Ireland?

A.A. DescartesDescartes

B.B. LockeLocke

C.C. BerkeleyBerkeley

D.D. HumeHume

E.E. MalebrancheMalebranche

Quick Quiz 15Quick Quiz 15Who trumpeted the health benefits of Tar Who trumpeted the health benefits of Tar

Water?Water?

A.A. DescartesDescartes

B.B. LockeLocke

C.C. BerkeleyBerkeley

D.D. HumeHume

E.E. MalebrancheMalebranche

Quick Quiz 16Quick Quiz 16Which Philosophers below think it is crazy Which Philosophers below think it is crazy

to imagine something coming into to imagine something coming into existence from nothing?existence from nothing?

A.A. DescartesDescartes

B.B. LockeLocke

C.C. BerkeleyBerkeley

D.D. HumeHume

E.E. MalebrancheMalebranche

Quick Quiz 17Quick Quiz 17God is the only true cause of events. All God is the only true cause of events. All

other causes are occasional causes (causes other causes are occasional causes (causes on those occasions that God chooses to help on those occasions that God chooses to help an effect proceed from a human or an effect proceed from a human or creaturely “cause”). This is Occasionalism, creaturely “cause”). This is Occasionalism, the view of …the view of …

A.A. DescartesDescartes

B.B. LockeLocke

C.C. BerkeleyBerkeley

D.D. HumeHume

E.E. Malebranche Malebranche

Quick Quiz 18 Quick Quiz 18 Clean up, isle 3!Clean up, isle 3!

hy·poth·e·sishy·poth·e·sis

[hahy-poth-uh-sis, hi-] Show IPA [hahy-poth-uh-sis, hi-] Show IPA

noun, plural hy·poth·e·ses  [-seez] Show IPA. 1. a proposition, noun, plural hy·poth·e·ses  [-seez] Show IPA. 1. a proposition, or or set of propositions, set forth as an explanation for the  of propositions, set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena, either occurrence of some specified group of phenomena, either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide investigation (working hypothesis)  or accepted as highly investigation (working hypothesis)  or accepted as highly probable in the light of established facts. probable in the light of established facts.

2. a proposition assumed as a premise in an argument. 2. a proposition assumed as a premise in an argument.

3. the antecedent of a conditional proposition. 3. the antecedent of a conditional proposition.

4. a mere assumption or guess. 4. a mere assumption or guess.

Okay … this is from Dictionary.com … I have to say I like Bo’s Okay … this is from Dictionary.com … I have to say I like Bo’s definition better: as restricted to theory-based guesses about definition better: as restricted to theory-based guesses about the future outcome of a test. But this dictionary definition the future outcome of a test. But this dictionary definition fits my ‘to speak in the vernacular of the peasantry’ defense fits my ‘to speak in the vernacular of the peasantry’ defense of it being correct along with answer b (theory) for question 3 of it being correct along with answer b (theory) for question 3 … as modern dictionaries simply report ordinary usage (which is … as modern dictionaries simply report ordinary usage (which is often inaccurate).often inaccurate).

KeyKey

1. a1. a

2. a 2. a

3. b3. b

4. c4. c

5. 5. a,b,c,a,b,c,ee

6. d6. d

7. b7. b

8. d 8. d

9. d9. d

10. c10. c

11. c11. c

12. b12. b

13. d 13. d

14. c14. c

15. c15. c

16. a,b,c,e16. a,b,c,e

17. e17. e

18. fyi18. fyi