Name:____________________________________

1) A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client with diabetes mellitus regarding proper foot care. Which instruction is included in the plan?a) Soak feet in hot waterb) Avoid using a mild soap on the feetc) Apply a moisturizing lotion to dry feet but not between the toesd) Always have a podiatrist cut your toenails; never cut them yourself2) A client is brought to the emergency room in an unresponsive state, and a diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome is made. The nurse would immediately prepare to initiate which of the following anticipated physicians orders?a) Endotracheal intubationb) 100 units of NPH insulinc) Intravenous infusion of normal salined) Intravenous infusion of sodium bicarbonate3) An external insulin pump is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus and the client asks the nursing about the functioning of the pump. The nurse bases the response on the information that the pump:a) Is time to release programmed doses of regular or NPH insulin into the bloodstream at specific intervalsb) Continuously infuses small amounts of NPH insulin into the bloodstream while regularly monitoring blood glucose levelsc) Is surgically attached to the pancreas and infuses regular insulin into the pancreas, which in turn releases the insulin into the bloodstreamd) Gives a small continuous dose of regular insulin subcutaneously, and the client can self-administer a bolus with an additional dose from the pump before each meal4) A client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with daily insulin injections. A nurse prepares a discharge teaching plan regarding the insulin and plans to reinforce which of the following concepts?a) Always keep insulin vials refrigeratedb) Ketones in the urine signify a need for less insulinc) Increase the amount of insulin before unusual exercised) Systematically rotate insulin injections within one anatomic site5) A client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is being treated in an emergency room. Which finding would a nurse expect to note as confirming this diagnosis?a) Comatose stateb) Decreased urine outputc) Increased respirations and an increase in pHd) Elevated blood glucose level and low plasma bicarbonate level6) A nurse teaches a client with diabetes mellitus about differentiating between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that glucose will be taken if which of the following symptoms develops?a) Polyuriab) Shakinessc) Blurred visiond) Fruity breath odor7) A client with diabetes mellitus demonstrates acute anxiety when first admitted for the treatment of hyperglycemia. The appropriate intervention to decrease the clients anxiety is to:a) Administer a sedativeb) Convey empathy, trust, and respect toward the clientc) Ignore the signs and symptoms of anxiety so that they will soon disappeard) Make sure that the client knows all the correct medical terms to understand what is happening.8) A nurse provides instructions to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse recognizes accurate understanding of measures to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis when the client states:a) I will stop taking my insulin if Im took sick to eatb) I will decrease my insulin dose during times of illnessc) I will adjust my insulin dose according to the level of glucose in my urined) I will notify my physician if my blood glucose level is higher than 250 mg/dL9) A client is admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The initial blood glucose level was 950 mg/dL. A continuous intravenous infusion of regular insulin is initiated, alone with intravenous rehydration with normal saline. The serum glucose level is now 240 mg/dL. The nurse would next prepare to administer which of the following?a) Ampule of 50% dextroseb) NPH insulin subcutaneouslyc) Intravenous fluids containing 5% dextrosed) Phenytoin (Dilantin) for the prevention of seizures10) A physician has prescribed propylthoiuracil (PTU) for a client with hyperthyroidism and the nurse develops a plan of care for the client. A priority nursing assessment to be included in the plan regarding this medications is to assess for:a) Relief of painb) Signs of renal toxicityc) Signs and symptoms of hyperglycemiad) Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism11) After hypophysectomy, a client complains of being thirsty and having to urinate frequently. The initial nursing action is to:a) Increase fluid intakeb) Document the complaintsc) Assess for urinary glucosed) Assess urine specific gravity12) A nursing is caring for a client after hypophysectomy. The nurse notices clear nasal drainage from the clients nostril. The initial nursing action would be to:a) Lower the head of the bedb) Test the drainage for glucosec) Obtain a culture of the drainaged) Continue to observe the drainage13) After several diagnostic test, a client is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. A nurse performs an assessment on the client, knowing that which symptom is most indicative of this disorder?a) Fatigueb) Diarrheac) Polydipsiad) Weight gain14) A nurse is performing an assessment on a client following a thyroidectomy and note that the client has developed hoarseness and a weak voice. Which nursing action is appropriate?a) Check for signs of bleedingb) Administer calcium gluconatec) Notify the physician immediatelyd) Reassure the client that this is usually a temporary condition15) A client is admitted to an emergency room, and a diagnosis of myxedema coma is made. Which action would the nurse prepare to carry out initially?a) Warm the clientb) Maintain a patent airwayc) Administer thyroid hormoned) Administer fluid replacement16) A nurse is completing an assessment on a client who is being admitted for a diagnostic workup for primary hyperparathyroidism. Which client complaint would be a characteristic of this disorder?a) Diarrheab) Polyuriac) Polyphagiad) Weight gain17) A nurse is caring for a postoperative parathyroidectomy client. Which client complaint would indicate that a serious, life-threatening complication may be developing, requiring immediate notification of the physiciana) Laryngeal stridorb) Abdominal crampsc) Difficulty in voidingd) Mild to moderate incisional pain18) A client is diagnosed with pheocromocytoma. A nurse prepares a plan of care for the client; while planning, the nurse understands that pheochromocytoma is a condition that:a) Causes profound hypotensionb) Is manifested by sever hypoglycemiac) Is not curable and is treated symptomaticallyd) Causes the release of excessive amounts of catecholamines19) A nurse is performing an admission with a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. The nurse assesses for the major symptom associated with pheochromocytoma when the nurse:a) Obtains the clients weightb) Takes the clients blood pressurec) Tests the clients urine for glucosed) Palpates the skin for its temperature20) A nurse collects urine specimens for catecholamine testing from a client with suspected pheochromocytoma. The results of the catecholamine test are reported as 20 mcg/100 mL urine. The nurse analyzes these results as:a) Normalb) Insignificant and unrelated to pheochromocytomac) Lower than normal, ruling out pheochromocytomad) Higher than normal, indicating pheochromocytoma21) A nurse caring for a client with pheochromocytoma who is scheduled for adrenalectomy. In the preoperative period, the priority nursing action would be to monitor:a) Vital signsb) Intake and outputc) Blood urea nitrogen resultsd) Urine for glucose and ketones22) A nurse is caring for a client with pheochromocytoma. The client asks for a snack and something warm to drink. The most appropriate choice for this client to meet nutritional needs would be which of the following:a) Crackers with cheese and teab) Graham crackers and warm milkc) Toast with peanut butter and cocoad) Vanilla wafers and coffee with cream and sugar23) A nurse is performing an assessment on a client with pheocromoctyoma. Which of the following assessment data would indicate a potential complication associated with this disorder?a) A coagulation time of 5 minutesb) A blood urea nitrogen level of 20 mg/dLc) A urinary output of 50 ml per hourd) A heart rate that is 90 beats/min and irregular24) A nurse is preparing to provide instructions to a client with Addisons disease regarding diet therapy. The nurse knows that which of the following diets most likely would be prescribed for this client?a) High-fat intakeb) Low-protein intakec) Normal sodium intaked) Low-carbohydrate intake25) A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has Cushings syndrome. Which client statement indicates that instructions related to dietary management are understood?a) I cant eat foods that have a lot of potassium in themb) I will need to limit the amount of protein in my dietc) I am fortunate that I can eat all the salty foods I enjoyd) I am fortunate that I do not need to follow any special diet.