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Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS Version LEC-04 Althoff

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Page 1: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources“his/her words” into “my words”

Technical Literature – Part II

LA 100 – SOS Version LEC-04 Althoff

Page 2: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

Avoid PLAGIARISM“According to the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, to "plagiarize" means• to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as

one's own• to use (another's production) without crediting the source• to commit literary theft• to present as new and original an idea or product derived

from an existing source.• In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves

both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.”

Source: http://www.plagiarism.org/plag_article_what_is_plagiarism.htmli.e., Plagiarism.org (accessed 16 October 2012)

Page 3: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

PLAGIARISM…con’t“All of the following are considered plagiarism:• turning in someone else's work as your own• copying words or ideas from someone else without

giving credit• failing to put a quotation in quotation marks• giving incorrect information about the source of a

quotation• changing words but copying the sentence structure of a

source without giving credit• copying so many words or ideas from a source that it

makes up the majority of your work, whether you give credit or not (see our section on "fair use" rules)”

Source: http://www.plagiarism.org/plag_article_what_is_plagiarism.htmli.e., Plagiarism.org (accessed 16 October 2012)

Page 4: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

“Most cases of plagiarism can be avoided, however, by citing sources. Simply acknowledging that certain material has been borrowed, and providing your audience with the information necessary to find that source, is usually enough to prevent plagiarism.”

Source: http://www.plagiarism.org/plag_article_what_is_plagiarism.htmli.e., Plagiarism.org (accessed 16 October 2012)

Page 5: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

“Albumen provides the chick with its only source of water and a store of amino acides to draw on for protein systhesis” Lewis 1998:6Exa

ct qu

ote

Albumen provides water and amino acids, needed for protein synthesis, during the development of the chick inside the egg (Lewis 1998).Par

aphr

ased

&

Cited

Page 6: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

“Albumen provides the chick with its only source of water and a store of amino acides to draw on for protein systhesis” Lewis 1998:6

“In the chick, the extraembryonic membranes develop from extensions of the germ layers, which spreak out over the yolk.” Mader 2007:807

Exact

quot

e

Albumen provides water and amino acids, needed for protein synthesis, during the development of the chick inside the egg and is one of the contents protected by an extraembryonic membrane (Lewis 1998, Mader 2007).Par

aphr

ased

&

Cited

2 sources cited

Page 7: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

2 au

thor

s of

a pa

per…

Mammalian species typically have well-developed urinary systems that minimize water loss (Jones and Allen 1994).

3 or

mor

e

auth

ors o

f

a pa

per

Mammalian species typically have well-developed urinary systems that minimize water loss (Jones et al. 1994).

Page 8: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

Text…

with

refe

renc

e to

Table

or F

ig.

Ten of 12 treated eggs were viable compared to only 6 for the control group (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1. Percentage of eggs viable

0

20

40

60

80

100

control treated

Perc

ent

Don’t write (see Fig. 1) or(see Table 2).

Don’t write “See Fig. 1 for percentage of viable eggs.”or

Fig. 1. Percentage of eggs viable.

Page 9: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

Fig. legendgoes at thebottom ofthe graph,

image, diagram, etc.

Fig. 1. Cladogram of vertebrates with emphasis on uncertain ancestory of turtles (Pough et al. 2005).

Page 10: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

Table legendgoes at the

top ofthe data and/or

information

Page 11: Quoting - Paraphrasing - Citing Sources “his/her words” into “my words” Technical Literature – Part II LA 100 – SOS VersionLEC-04 Althoff

In summary….• Unless it is a “perfect” sentence/paragraph, in the

life and physical sciences absolutely minimize the use of quotes for lab reports and technical reports. If you do quote…cite it!

• Use someone else’s info that is published…then you have to “cite” them in the text.

• Cited information should be parapharized to the maximum possible.

• Reference tables and figures in the text…but avoid writing for example “see Fig.1”,.

• Legends go at the top of Tables and the bottom of Figures.