race officer training 1 version 03 [draft] march 13 © chamberssailing.org
TRANSCRIPT
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Race Officer Training
Version 03 [Draft] March ‘13
© chamberssailing.org
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Rules of the day
The rules for the day will be:• ASK - If you don’t understand• SAY - If you have something to add• QUESTION – if you are unsure• SILENCE – what is said in the room, stays in the
room• ANSWER – if you don’t know an answer then say
so, others probably don't either• FOOL – the only foolish question is the one you
wished you asked, but didn't• Others?
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Agenda
The course outline:• Terminology;• Roles and responsibilities;• Preparation;• The course;• The start;• Problems with the start• Problems during the race;• The finish;• Delays; and• What’s next?
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Terminology
Key terminology:
• The ‘gun’ only draws attention to the flag
• The ‘flag’ controls what happens
• The ‘gun’ is irrelevant
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Roles and responsibilities
The Race Officer is responsible for the conduct of the racing, which includes:• Ensure races are run in accordance with the rules;• Maintain and record scores/times;• Assure the safety of the fleet, considering:
• Risk assessments;• Weather and water conditions;• Confirm if non-racing dinghies can sail (bylaw 19.9)• Stop a boat/person from sailing if in Race Officer opinion it is
not safe to do so (bylaw 19.9.a)• Ensuring adequate safety boat cover
• Set the course
• Don’t forget: Arrange a swap with someone else if you cant make your allocated date!
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Preparation
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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You need to prepare for the race, this includes:• Is it safe to sail?• Is there adequate rescue boat cover?• What direction is the wind?• Are all the buoys in place?• Are there any hazards?• Are the Club’s risk assessments still valid?• Brief your team, check knowledge etc• Prepare your flags• Set your course• Advise competitors how long to the start• Try to be on time.
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Your flags and starting rules…..
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Preparing your flags
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Penalty On the start After the start Delay
• There are 5 broad categories of flags;• The flags all have specific meanings;• It pays to set them in an order;• Do you know what they are?
Warning
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Rule 30.3 Any boat in the triangle formed by the start line and first mark, in the last minute before the start is disqualified (DSQ) without a hearing
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Preparing your flags: determine penalties
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
P Flag
I Flag
Z Flag
Black Flag
Rule 30.1 Any boat OCS in the last minute before the start must go around the ends and restartSometime called round the end rule
A boat over the line at the start must return to the pre-course side of the start line and re-start
Rule 30.2 Any boat in the triangle formed by the start line and first mark, in the last minute before the start shall take a 20% penalty without a hearing
‘I’ and ‘Z’ can be flown together resulting in both penalties being in force.
• Penalty flags (Code flags)• You can fly more than one;• They impose different penalties/obligations
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OCS
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Start
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda What is ‘Over the Course Side’ [OCS]?
A boat is deemed OCS when:• In the last minute before the start (-1 to 0
minutes);• Is on the course side of the start line including
its extensions
Windward MarkMark #1
Start Line
Wind
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I-Flag Rule (aka Round the Ends)
Rule 30.1 I Flag Rule.
A boat that is OCS when Rule 30.1 is in force, shall:‘sail from the course side across an extension to
the pre-start side before starting’
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Windward MarkMark #1
Start Line
Wind
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I-Flag Rule (aka Round the Ends)
Rule 30.1 I Flag Rule.
The rule was called ‘Round the Ends’ but has been renamed ‘I-Flag Rule’ because it was realised that it can be complied with, without sailing around the end.
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Windward MarkMark #1
Start Line
Wind
It crossed an ‘extension’ to the pre-course side and therefore complied with
the rule.
Probably not recommended as maybe difficult to prove that you did your
penalty, could be difficult cutting through the fleet on the start line (22.1).
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Rule 22 Starting Errors
Rule 22 Starting Errors, Penalties, moving astern22.1 A boat sailing to the pre-start side of the start line after her starting signal to start or to comply with rule 30.1 (I Flag) shall keep clear of a boat not doing so until she is completely on the pre-start side of the line
22.2 A boat taking a penalty shall keep clear of one that is not
22.3 A boat moving astern through the water shall keep clear of one that is not
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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NOT OCSOCSArea
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Start
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda For Z and Black Flag
A boat is deemed in breach of the rule when:• In the last minute before the start (-1 to 0
minutes);• Is in a triangle formed by the marks at the end
of the start line and the first mark
Windward MarkMark #1
Start Line
Wind
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Course
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Course
Considerations before setting the course:• Wind direction, try to have a beat start and
try to include reach and a run• Set a longer course than expected – easier to
shorten it later (shorten course);• Look for wind shadows, direction changes,
hazards (weed);• Check all the buoys are in place, consider if
they should be moved;• Avoid looping around marks• Display course in good time• Consider using one of the standard courses• Set the start and finish lines the best you can
– we need to acknowledge wind shifts
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Microsoft Office PowerPoint Presentation
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Course
Other considerations:• The first mark should really be a PORT
rounding• Try to avoid figure-8 courses as they get
repetitive• Try to avoid too many crosses on the course• Think of where the gybe mark is in relation
to the wind• Try and sail on all points of sailing• Avoid simple possessions as they give little
room for over-taking
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Microsoft Office PowerPoint Presentation
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Course
Rule 27.1 The course must be displayed no later than the warning signal (-5 minutes)
This rule can be changed by the local sailing instructions – at Rotherham we have not.
Rule 27.2 No later than the preparatory signal (-4 minutes) the race committee can move a starting mark
Rule 27.3 At any time prior to the starting signal (0 minutes) the race committee can postpone or abandon a race/racing [more later]
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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The Start Line
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda Windward MarkMark #1
Start Line
Wind
• Set the start line 90o to the wind• Set the Windward Mark about in the middle of
the start line• Try and ensure that boats have to do at least
one tack.
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The Start Line
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Start Line
Wind
• The start line needs to be long enough so all boats can, theoretically, start at the same time
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The Start Line
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Start Line
Wind
How long should the start line be?
There is no rule;Good practice is:• Number of Boats x Average length of a boat• PLUS 10% to 50% [ISAF recommend 30%-50%]
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The Finish Line
Finish line must be crossed from the direction of the last mark, try and set the line so this is obvious
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Finish Line
Last Mark
From previous mark
Correct finish
Not finished
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The Finish Line
This can be achieved by adjusting the position of the line to the last mark or the last mark relative to the finish line
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Finish Line
Last Mark
From previous mark
Correct finish
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The Finish Line
The finish line should be at about 90o to the direction of travel from the last mark
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Finish Line
Last Mark
From previous mark
About right angles
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The Start
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Start
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
-5 minutesWarning Flag - UP
1 Sound
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Start
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
-4 minutesPenalty Flag – UP
1 Sound
Penalty flags - choose 1 or 2
Racing Rules Apply
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-1 minutesPenalty Flag - DOWN
1 LONG Sound
Penalty regime in force
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Start
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Start
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
0 minutes - STARTWarning Flag - DOWN
1 Sound
GO!
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Start Issues
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Start Issues
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda • One or more boats OCS (including I Flag) and they can be identified.
• These boats are recalled – ‘individual recall’
• X Flag, Rule 29.1
• Flag UP – 1 sound
• Sound in addition to start signal
• Lowered when all boats identified have returned and started correctly.
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Start Issues
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
If a boat does not return?
• They are not deemed to have started until they cross the start line correctly
• Probably as they complete ‘their’ first lap – so first lap disregarded.
• The lines closes after 4 minutes from the start (rule 29.1) a boat starting or deemed starting after +4 minutes is deemed ‘Did Not Start’ (DNS)
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Start Issues
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda• More than one boat OCS and they
can not all be identified• Or where there has been an error
in the starting procedures• 1st Substitute Flag, Rule 29.1
General Recall• Flag UP – 2 sounds • Sound in addition to start signal• All boats return
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Start Issues
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda• When all boats have returned, or• When race officer is ready• Lowers with 1 sound• The race countdown starts 1
minute after the 1st Substitute has been lowered with the warning flag at -5 minutes
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Start Issues: good practice tips
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda You need someone to:• Sight down the start line;• Who can communicate with boats of
they are OCS (e.g. Shout)• Who can communicate with you so you
know whether to initiate an individual or general recall• One hand up – individual recall• Two hand up – general recall• Use the radios
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Finish
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Finish
Aim to:• Finish the first boat at about 55
minutes• Finish all boats in the shortest
possible timeShorten course• Rule 32.2, S Flag• Up – 2 sounds
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
• Any boat that subsequently crosses the finish line shall be deemed to have finished and should be ‘belled’ across the finish line.
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Finish
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
Finish Line
Last Mark
From previous mark
Crossed the line before the shorten course – has to
complete the lap he is on
Not crossed the line when course was
shortened – finishes when crosses the
line
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Delays
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Delays
Race Abandoned
Rule 32.1, N Flag
Up – 3 sounds
Used prior to the start of a race (0 minutes). A race abandoned will be started at a later stage.
Can be used because of error in start procedure.
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
The OOD’s Friend!
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Delays
Removed with 1 sound
Warning signal indicating commencement of start sequence 1 minute after removal
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Delays
PostponementAll races started are delayed (indefinite – until withdrawn).
Rule 27.3
Can be used for a general delay e.g. Weather or error in start procedure.
Can only be used before the start of a race (0 minute)
Up – 2 sounds
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Delays
Remove when ready with 1 sound
Start sequence commences 1 minute after removal (-5 minute warning)
Terms
Roles
Prep
Course
Start
Start Issues
Race Issues
Finish
Delays
Summary
Agenda
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Conclusion
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Aims and objectives
We have covered:• Your roles & responsibilities;• Setting the course;• Starting the race;• Pause/re-start the start sequence if
something goes wrong;• Stopping the race;• Cancelling or delay racing; and• Finishing the race• Do we need to recap anything?
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Can be accompanied by
a number pennant
indicating delay
-
Personal Crib Card
-5Warning -5
Time Flag
-4Penalty -5
-1Penalty in
force-5
0Start -5
~55Shorten Course
-5
See alternates
1 Sound
Bell over line
-5
Individual Recall General Recall
1 Sound
1 Long
1 Sound
2 Sound
1 Sound 2 Sound
1 SoundStart sequence commences 1
minute after removal
Line closes at +10 minutes, those
starting after that time marked DNS
Race Abandoned
3 Sound
-51 Sound
Start sequence commences 1
minute after removal
Race Postponed
2 Sound
1 SoundStart sequence commences 1
minute after removal