radar1
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Welcome
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RADARBy
P.Sai kamalII yr ECE
10BA1A0443
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OverviewHistory What is radar ?ComponentsPrinciple of operationRadar range measurementRadar equationRadar frequency bandsClassificationApplicationsConclusion
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HistoryHeinrich hertz-1886-radio waves
reflection
Hülsmeyer-1903-detection of radio waves
Marconi-1992-shortwaves radio detection
L.A Hyland-1930-Air craft detection
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What is Radar?Radio Detection And Ranging
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Components
• Transmitter
• Duplexer• Receiver
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Principle of operation
Radar observables:• Target range• Target angles (azimuth)• Target size• Target speed (Doppler)• Target features (imaging)
Antenna
TransmittedPulse
TargetCross
Section
Propagation
ReflectedPulse
(“echo”)
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The power Pr returning to the receiving antenna is given by the equation:
Radar equation
Pt = transmitter power
Gt = gain of the transmitting antenna
Ar = area of the receiving antenna
σ = scattering coefficient of the target
F = pattern propagation factor
Rt = distance from transmitter to target Rr = distance from the target to the
receiver.
Where
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Radar Frequency Bands
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Block diagram of primary radar
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Block diagram of pulse radar
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Transmitter
Receiver
CW-Radar
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Applications
Air traffic control Air craft navigation Military
Ship safety Space Remote sensing
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ApplicationsIncoherent Scatter Radar
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INDIAN radar systems
INDRA ROHINI
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Modern radar updates
5-10 cars from both directions Looks like traffic light
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Modern radar updates
Captures photos of crossing 100kmsFor motor vehicles
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Conclusion
Radar is a way to detect and study far off objects
Basically its a radio echo
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