radiation quantities and units
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Radiation Quantities and Units. Chapter 3 Sherer. Somatic effects Long term somatic Genetic effects Box 3-1. Tolerance dose was replaced with Maximum Permissible dose (MPD)-dose limits-effective dose Safe occupations (clerical) has a risk of 10 -4 per year- same as radiography - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Radiation Quantities and Units
Chapter 3
Sherer
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Somatic effects Long term somatic Genetic effects Box 3-1
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Tolerance dose was replaced with Maximum Permissible dose (MPD)-dose limits-effective dose
Safe occupations (clerical) has a risk of 10 -4 per year- same as radiography
EfD – type of radiation and the sensitivity of the tissue being exposed. The Sievert is the unit of measurement
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Exposure (X) Absorbed dose (D) Equivalent dose (EqD)
– Not factoring in the effect on tissue Effective dose (EfD)
– Overall risk based on absorbed dose, tissue and type of radiation
See Box 3-3 Absorbed Dose
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Quality Factor, pg 63 Sherer LET pg 63 Sherer "rate in which energy is
deposited in the form of a charged particle or ion pair as it travels through matter“
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Rem = RAD x QF LETS of 3% or less have a QF of 1 = same
amount of damage of rad per rem QUALITY FACTOR and weighting factor OF
ALPHA IS 20 See box Table 3-2 Sherer 1 RAD = 20 REM FOR ALPHA PARTICLE
ABSORPTION
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WHICH HAS A HIGHER LET NUMBER?
X-rays (HIGH OR LOW?) Alpha (HIGH OR LOW?) Beta (HIGH OR LOW?) Gamma (HIGH OR LOW?)
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WR associated with Equivalent Dose- table 3-2
WT associated with Effective Dose- table 3-3
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Radiobiology and Cellular Biology (Bushong Chapter 33)
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Pg 501 in Bushong
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When an atom is ionized
Chemical binding properties change in large molecules: breakage or relocation
of molecules…become abnormal Abnormal means Function improperly cease to function -impairment or death of
cell
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Damage is Reversible
Ionized atoms become neutral…How? Molecules are mended by repair enzymes Immediate response to radiation Latent response (Bushong) see Box 32-1
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RADIATION INTERACTS AT ATOMIC LEVEL Atoms combine to form molecules The body is made of macromolecules What is the definition of macromolecules?
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With this kind of potential damage….
The government tends to get involved
CHAPTER 9 SHERER
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YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN ICRP NCRP UNSCEAR NAS/NRC-BEIR NRC EPA FDA OSHA
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DEFINE
RSC
RSO
NCRP REPORT NO 116