rail and aviation the “other white meat” of economic development infrastructure terry l. clower,...
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![Page 1: Rail and Aviation The “Other White Meat” of Economic Development Infrastructure Terry L. Clower, Ph.D. Director Center for Economic Development & Research](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032703/56649d135503460f949e6c29/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Rail and AviationThe “Other White Meat” of
Economic Development Infrastructure
Terry L. Clower, Ph.D.Director
Center for Economic Development & Research
University of North Texas
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PurposeO Review economic development
perspectives for non-roadway based transportation infrastructure
O Define some terminologyO What does it take to be competitive?O Describe economic development
strategies based on these infrastructures.
O May even talk about water transport, if we have time.
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RailO Two types to consider
O PassengerO Long haulO CommuterO Transit
O FreightO IntermodalO Bulk
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Passenger Rail – Long Haul
O If you got it, greatO If you ain’t got it, forgedda about it!O Outside of northeast corridor (DC to
New York, with Philly tossed in), not a competitive advantage.
O HSPR: Hype, hype and more hypeO ExpensiveO Tough to routeO What’s the advantage?
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Passenger Rail -- Commuter
O Works great in high density corridorsO Where existing trackage rights can be
obtained.O Spreading to non-traditional markets O Share tracks with freight railO Effectively extends the labor shed, in
some cases greatlyO Some businesses may want to be
near stations
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Passenger Rail -- Transit
O Light railO Extends effective labor shed – slightlyO Increasingly is seen as a necessary amenity for being
a world class cityO Does not have a meaningful impact on traffic
congestionO Pure economic justification (fare box revenue
sufficiency) not really possibleO Institutional employers (hospitals, universities,
government, corporate offices) are a part of TOD, though causal order is mixed.
O Main question: system designed for commuting or social engineering?
O Cannot share with freight, can negatively impact industrial properties
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Freight Rail -- Intermodal
O Some national long haul truckers move the majority of their shipments via TOFC (trailer on flat car, piggyback)
O Increasingly, COFC (container on flat car) is displacing TOFC plus movement of ocean shipping containers. Single train can take 280+ trucks off the road.
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Freight Rail -- Intermodal
O Number, capacity and proximity to intermodal terminals are key stats.
O Number of rail carriersO Network characteristics O To be highly competitive:
O 2 or more railroadsO Multiple terminalsO Good roads supporting drayage operationsO Efficient processing (minimal drayage
delays)O World class is to have an “inland port”
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Freight Rail -- otherO Railroad classifications
O Class I: revenue greater than ≈ $300 millionO BNSF, UP, CSX, NS, KCS, CN, CP
O Class II: $25 mil to $300 milO Florida East Coast, Wisconsin & Southern,
Central Oregon & Pacific, Iowa InterstateO Class III: <$25 mil
O Includes terminal railroadsO Mississippi Southern, Kyle, Arcade &
Attica, TNM
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Freight Rail -otherO Key features for business attraction
O Multiple railroads serving regionO Captive shipper problem
O Open to reciprocal switchingO Shipping performance (delays)O Availability of equipmentO Note on line abandonmentO Ability to generate unit train
quantities
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AviationO Commercial
O Scheduled passenger service, at least 2,500 boardings/year
O Number of carriersO Daily flightsO Number of destinations with direct
serviceO Type of equipment (jets good, RJs
okay, turboprop not okay)O Air freight
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AviationO FAA designations
O Primary: >10,000 boardingsO Large hub: ≥1% of all national boardingsO Medium hub: 0.25% ≤ boardings < 1%O Small hub: 0.05% ≤ boardings < 0.25%O Non hub: 10,000 < boardings < 0.05%
O Non-Primary: 2,500 ≤ boardings ≤ 10,000O Reliever: can relieve congestion (public or
private)O Cargo service: >100 million pounds landed
in cargo only aircraftO General Aviation
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General AviationO Key characteristics for economic
developmentO Runway length/widthO Visual or InstrumentO TowerO Services: Multiple FBOs (fixed based
operators) available, repair, fuel pricesO Hanger space and rental ratesO Property tax structureO Customers/immigration clearance on-siteO Medical air evacuation
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General AviationO Clower’s taxonomy of economic development for
GA airports:O Business support
O corporate flight opsO remote business supportO Aviation equipment (supplies, testing, refurbishment)
O Government (CBP, other)O Ag supportO Tourism (including vacation homes)O Trade support (FTZ, CBP office)O Land plays
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ConclusionsO Know service characteristics of rail and
aviation infrastructure in your communityO Monitor service performanceO In smaller communities pay close attention to
rail abandonment.O In mid-size communities watch for commercial
air service equipment downgradesO Aviation capital improvement programs are
good deals for communitiesO Work with carriers to promote your community