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-2

-1

2

1

TC CT

A B

O

21 22

Figure 4.9

I

TS

TS

t

t

I1I2

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Figure 4.10

Radius =

End of Transition

Radius = r

x

x = L

Y1Transition

Straight

Circular Curve

X1

C

y

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RL

xy

6

3

=

RL6

2

R

C

R

L

26

22

+

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Ordinate at x/2 from center= (L2/8*R)-(x

2/8*R)

L

x

RVersine for

chord L

Versine for

chord x

O

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APEX DISTANCE

OPTION I

OPTION III

Figure 5.1

OPTION II

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V0If station to station distance is taken as unit,

Area of each histogram segment= Ordinate at center i.e., V0, V1, V2, ., Vn-1etc

Total Area of the versine diagram= Sum of areas of each histogram segment

= V0+ V1+ V2+ . + Vn-1Lever Arm for each histogram segment= n-station number

Moment of versine diagram about station n= n* V0+(n-1)* V1+

(n-2)V2+ .. + 2* Vn-2+ Vn-1

V1 V2 V3 V4 Vn-1Vn-2Vn-3 Vn

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A

B

C

C

b

b'

D

Figure 5.3

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AC

AB

CC

bb=

2

1

CC

bb=

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H

I

J

K

L

M

22

V0

V1

V2

H

I

J

K

L

M

22

V0

V1

V2

4

c

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