rapid assessment for market report€¦ · 2.2.6 market system map for gi sheets after the shock...

Rapid Assessment for Markets in World Vision covered areas in Panay Island, Philippines

RAPID ASSESSMENT FOR MARKET REPORT(Panay Island, Philippines, Typhoon Haiyan November 2013)

Report Author: Ma. Rowena D. Balino

Position/ Job Title: DME Team Leader/ RAM Focal Person

RAM team members and positions: Christopher Leones, Monitoring & Evaluation Specialist

Visminda D. Cabasan, DME Specialist

Report date: 29 November 2013

Agency World Vision

Section 1: Shock and needs analysis summary

Type(s) of shock: Typhoon Haiyan/Yolanda

Date(s) of shock(s): November 8, 2013

Date of RAM assessment: November 23-27, 2013

Affected areas assessed: Panay Island: Iloilo, Capiz, Aklan, AntiqueAreas covered by World Vision

Total population in affected area:

(Number of households and people)

315,237 households or 2,309,292 total population

Affected population within affected area:

(Number of households and people)

299,387 households or 1,453,325 total population28,167 World Vision registered families or 140,835 population

Average Household size:

(Source of information)

5 (National Statistics Coordination Board)

Location of affected population:

(IDP/ stationary in homes etc…)

Some are internally displaced, others have returned to their homes inthe provinces of Iloilo, Capiz, Aklan, Antique

Markets assessed: Iloilo: Iloilo City, Estancia, Barotac ViejoCapiz: Roxas City,Aklan: Batan, Kalibo, AltavasAntique: Bugasong, Laua-an, Barbasa(Areas selected are within World Vision covered areas, based onPurposive Sampling)

Number of traders (wholesalers and retailers)and market representatives included inassessment:

4 Regional Wholesalers (Iloilo City)23 Wholesalers65 Retailers8 Households for Key Informant Interview21 Households for 2 Focus Group Discussions

2 Rapid Assessment for Markets (RAM) in Panay Island, PhilippinesTyphoon Haiyan “Yolanda” Emergency Response

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Commodity type(s), volume(s) and durationrequested by shock-affected population

(quantity, frequency and duration and any qualityspecifications if necessary)

RiceCanned sardinesLaundry soapGI Sheets

Commodity Quantity Frequency Duration Specification

Rice Kilogram Daily 2 weeks White Rice

Canned Sardines Can Daily 2 weeks 155 grams/5 ounces

Laundry Soap Bar (4 cuts) Daily 2 weeks 400 grams

GI Sheets Sheet Once Max 15 years Gauge 26

Scope of Assessment:

The assessment focused only on four commodities – two for food, one for shelter and one for hygiene. The specificcommodities whose markets were assessed are rice, canned sardines, laundry soap and GI sheets. These areselected based on the order of importance. Rice and canned sardines are the most feasible food since the affectedareas experienced damaged rice paddies, uprooted fruit trees, vegetable gardens, livestock and source of sea food(especially for Estancia, Iloilo because of the oil spill). Laundry soap is seen as a key commodity for hygienebecause of its “all around use” as bath soap and shampoo substitute as well as for washing dishes and clothes.Almost all of the houses in the affected areas have torn roofs, hence the GI sheet is in high demand.

The assessment was conducted in World Vision areas in the island of Panay. This covers the four provinces ofAklan, Antique, Capiz, and Iloilo with 27 municipalities, 1 city, and 162 barangays. Through purposive sampling,from the four provinces, the markets of affected areas at the municipality levels were assessed using KeyInformant Interviews with the wholesalers and retailers. The team also conducted Key Informant Interviews at theregional level markets in Iloilo City. These markets are supply to the provincial markets who consequently supplyto the city and municipal markets.

In this assessment, Iloilo City and Iloilo province are treated separately. Ilolilo City is the hub of trade andcommerce for the whole Panay Island. While Iloilo, is the province where the affected World Vision areas arelocated. Time and manpower constraints influenced the decision to use Purposive Sampling.

Table 1. Areas for provincial and municipal data gathering

Province Municipality Level Markets (KIIwith wholesalers and retailers)

Barangay Level(KII and FGD with affectedhouseholds, Ocular Survey)

Aklan Altavas Linayasan and Cabangila

Batan Angas

Antique Bugasong Bagtason

Laua-an Guisijan and Lindero

Capiz President Roxas Badiangon

Panit-an (none)

Iloilo* Estancia Botongon

Barotac Viejo San Antonio

* This refers to Iloilo province.


Section 2: Market Mapping

2.1 Market maps, geographical location of markets to shock-affected population

The diagram below illustrates the location of local and influential markets within, and close to the affected area,and their geographic proximity to the shock-affected population.

2.1.1 Production and Market Flow Map for Rice

MAP LEGENDRetail Rice fields

Wholesale Functioning Market

Municipal/City coverage Partially Functioning Market

Provincial coverage Non-functioning Market

Regional coverage Flow of rice during harvest

Rice suppliers during lean months Flow of NFA rice during lean months


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2.1.2 Production and Market Flow Map for Canned Sardines and Laundry Soap

MAP LEGENDRetail Flow of goods from Manila/NCR




Regional coverage Flow of goods to the provinces


2.1.3 Production and Market Flow Map for Galvanised Iron (GI) sheet

MAP LEGENDRetail Flow of goods from Manila/NCR




Regional coverage Flow of goods to the provinces


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2.1.4 Summary of the Market Flow Maps

All the prices of the four commodities namely rice, canned sardines, laundry soap, and GI sheets increased afterthe shock. Generally, supplies are still available, except that during the first few days after the shock, because ofobstructions in transportation and cancelled shipping schedules the flow of supplies temporarily stopped.However, in a week’s time, the flow of these particular commodities to the retailers down to the barangay levelwent back to normal.

It is noteworthy that markets in the municipalities of Ajuy, Concepcion, Sara, and Estancia for the GI sheets,canned sardines, and laundry soap have partially functioning markets as of writing. Among the four commodities,the GI sheets is the only one with Iloilo City as the source, where the shipping from NCR (National Capital Region)arrives.


2.2 Commodity market maps

The commodity market maps below illustrate the movements of key commodities to the markets near the affectedpopulations – from wholesaler to trader and finally to consumer.

2.2.1 Market System Map for Rice (baseline map)

2.2.2 Market System Map for Rice after the shock (shock map)


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2.2.3 Market System Map for Canned Sardines and Laundry Soap (baseline map)


2.2.4 Market System Map for Canned Sardines and Laundry Soap after the shock (shock map)

2.2.5 Market System Map for GI Sheets (baseline map)


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2.2.6 Market System map for GI Sheets after the shock (shock map)

Section 3: Market maps and trader analysis

After reviewing the maps (above) and information collected using the RAM tools, the following conclusions can bemade:

1. The impact of the shock on physical access of the affected population to their markets.(Outline the impact of the shock on market access – what has changed in consumer and trader behaviour? Are such changes long term?)

Market access has been negatively affected right after the shock and for more than a week because of roadobstructions brought about by debris from massive fallen trees, electric posts and wires. The most commondamage in dwellings and buildings are blown away roofing broken walls that include warehouses andmarketplaces. Some shopping stalls in President Roxas, Capiz and Estancia, Iloilo Public Markets were still closedduring the data gathering. There are a number of traders in Barotac Viejo, Iloilo who have not yet resumed to theirusual business activities. The common preoccupation of businessmen and traders are cleaning up and repairingtheir business establishments.


It was observed that the demand was unusually low after the shock, especially in affected areas. People buying fortheir needs from the market have significantly decreased. This was because of the bulk of relief goods received bythe affected families from the aid agencies.

Based on the first hand information gathered by the team, it can be projected that the marketplaces, accessibilityand supply can resume between a month or two. For the consumer behaviour, it is foreseen that when thedistributed relief goods are consumed, demand will dramatically increase in all affected areas in Panay Island. Thiscan happen in a month’s time.

2. Affected household purchasing power/ demand and changes in consumer behaviour.(Does the shock-affected population have the financial means to purchase the food and non-food commodities they need? If so, whatpercentage/ proportion of their needs can they meet themselves? Relate to information collected in Step 1 of the RAM)

After the shock, affected families could hardly purchase by themselves even 25% of the basic needs such as food,including safe drinking water, clothing, supplies for school-age children, and building materials to repair theirhouses. There has been an average of 45% decrease of the number of people coming to the marketplace. This is anindication of a decreased financial capacity to purchase the food and non-food commodities they need. Most ofthe shock-affected population are dependent on farming, fishing, gardening, and vending.

71% of the people get cash through banks, remittance centers, and mobile phone cash transfers. But these areaccessed only by families who have relatives outside the country or those who have regular source of income.Families’ purchasing power may improve in the long term because their sources of livelihood need around three tofour months to recover.

3. The impact of the shock on the supply chain of food and non-food commodities required by the affectedpopulation.(Using data from Steps 1 and 2 of the RAM, outline in what way the supply chain has been affected by the shock. Outline any changes inconsumer or trader behaviour as a consequence?)

Right after the shock, the flow of rice, canned sardines, laundry soap, and GI sheets were stopped because oftransport barriers, however recently, these returned to normal. What is noteworthy is the significant increase inprices on these commodities against the loss of income source for the affected families.

Among four commodities, rice has the most stable supply because Panay Island itself is the second biggest riceproducer in the country. The supply of canned sardines and laundry soap enter the island both through Roxas Cityof Capiz and Iloilo City that serves as the island’s hub of trade and commerce. GI sheets are transported fromManila, the country’s manufacturing center to Iloilo City only, unlike canned sardines and laundry soap that havetwo ports of entry – Iloilo City and Roxas City. As of writing, the flow of supply of the four commodities to theaffected areas continues. Wholesalers and retailers expressed that they have to effect increase in prices of thesecommodities as they purchased the goods at a higher price as and costlier shipping and hauling as a consequenceof the shock.

The relief goods distributed by various agencies, including World Vision provided the households’ needsmomentarily. Further, this contributed to the decrease on the demand for rice, canned sardines, and laundry soap.Only the demand for the GI sheets significantly increased as the people start to rebuild or repair their houses.

However, it is foreseen that the demand for the first three commodities will again increase once the relief goodsare consumed utmost in a month’s time. It is also foreseen that the demand for GI sheets will continue to increase.

4. The capacity of retailers and wholesalers to increase their supply to meet increased demand for food and non-food commodities and related price implications (if any).(Reflecting on Step 2 of the RAM and the key commodities requested by the shock-affected population, reflect on whether or not traders inmarkets will be in a position to respond to a demand. If there are any implications for price changes, please outline what they are and what the


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consequences would be of such changes. Be mindful of wholesaler capacity, transport, warehousing and credit issues that may need addressingto enable this.)

Among the four commodities, three are considered to maintain the same volume of demand as during ‘normal’times. These are – rice, canned sardines, and laundry soap. This is expected to be so as the affected families willrecover back to their usual condition. However, GI sheet’s demand will continue to increase as more people will berepairing and or rebuilding their houses. This may last for a year or so.

Three out of four wholesalers at the municipal levels have their own storage facilities within their shops. For the GIsheets three out of four wholesalers were able to increase their stocks. For the three other commodities, the samenumber of wholesalers maintained the same volume of stocks. Given the data from the respondent wholesalersand retailers, they were able to accommodate the increase of demand on all four commodities. However, wecannot overlook the price increase on all the commodities.

5. Changes in the types (quality) and quantities of commodities demanded by traders and households (if any).(If the shock has affected household and trader preference for certain commodities – in terms of quality, volume and frequency, outline thishere.)

There had been and will be certain phases after the shock that entail changes in the types and quantitiesdemanded by households with respect to the four commodities that will in turn determine the demands of thetraders.

Table 2. Changes of demands in quality and quantity for traders and households.

Month 1

Commodity Changes of demands in quality and quantity

Traders Households

Rice Increased stocks, increased sales mostly toaid agencies who provide Relief Goods

Decreased demand to buy because of reliefassistance

Canned Sardines Increased stocks, increased sales mostly toaid agencies who provide Relief Goods


Laundry Soap Increased stocks, increased sales mostly toaid agencies who provide Relief Goods


GI Sheets Stopped or decreased shipment frommanufacturers because of freightobstructions

Left with the only option to buy GI sheets forroofing because source of alternative roofing(Palm Shingles and Cogon Grass) are notavailable

Month 2 to approximately Month 6

Commodity Changes of demands quality and quantities

Traders Households

Rice Decreased sales from aid agencies. Normaltrend of sales may resume

May opt to purchase cheaper varieties ofrice because of decreased purchasing power.Volume of purchase may decrease.

Canned Sardines Decreased sales from aid agencies. Normaltrend of sales may resume

May opt to purchase other viands forvariety. Volume of purchase may decrease.

Laundry Soap Decreased sales from aid agencies. Normaltrend of sales may resume

Volume of purchase may be the same asbefore the shock

GI Sheets Increased stocks to accommodateincreased demand from households

Continuing increase of demand.

6. The impact of the shock on prices of the food and non-food commodities.(Reviewing price data (secondary and primary), outline the impact of the shock on prices and the consequences of such changes.)


Prices with the wholesalers increased for two commodities - rice and GI sheets. Prices with the retailers increasedfor all four commodities – rice, canned sardines, laundry soap and GI sheets. These price increases are triggered bythe increase in demand for all these commodities.

7. Opportunities for market based interventions to support market rehabilitation.(Reflecting on the market mapping exercises and interviews with traders, what interventions could support trader capacity to increase supply,when they would be required and for how long?)

Table 3. Opportunities for market interventions

Interventions to support trader capacity to increasesupply

Required when? For how long?

1. Government to enforce price control of fuels Right after the shock Six months to one year

2. Restoration of communication facilities Right after the shock When the communicationfacilities are restored

3. Restoration of electricity Right after the shock Until electricity flows backto the barangay level

4. Provision of tax-free storage facilities to enable localtraders to accommodate increasing stocks. This comeswith a formal agreement with implication to priceregulation of commodities.

At the onset of theimplementation of CTP

Until normal conditionsresume

5. Local Government Units to facilitate dialogues andformal agreements with traders. (An option is throughthe Chambers of Commerce).

At the onset of theimplementation of CTP

Until normal conditionsresume

8. Market related considerations that urgently require attention or further analysis (using the MAG or the RAMMonitoring Tool 13, 14 and 15) should any programming / advocacy take place.(This can include concerns regarding issues of trader or beneficiary security, diversion, government policy, high levels of beneficiary or traderdebt, wholesaler monopoly etc…)

8.1 Regular monitoring of commodities through the Department of Trade and Industry and the LocalGovernment Units to ensure that traders do not take advantage of the prices8.2 Urgent repair of roads to facilitate easy access of goods and services to the market and to thehouseholds8.3 Learn from the government’s 4Ps (Panatawid Pamilyang Pilipino Programme), the conditional cashtransfer programme of the government in exploring options to increase the purchasing capacity of thehouseholds.8.4 Pre-positioning of good that respond to the basic needs of affected households like food, water,medicines, clothing, and even communication facilities, in secure evacuation places need to be initiatedby the provincial, municipal or city and barangay DRRMC.8.5 For World Vision, preposition of goods should be done in every field office or ADP cluster/zone andmay be hauled to the possible affected area where there are forecasted typhoon or calamity as soon aspossible.

9. Assumptions, difficulties and challenges faced in the assessment that users of RAM Report must be aware of.(This can include assumptions made in the data collection and analysis and reflections of data reliability.)

9.1 Inadequate number of manpower and limited time to conduct the assessment. The scope of theprocess is the whole Panay Island. Since it covers four provinces, it requires a bigger number of staff to dothe assessment.9.2 Lack of key informants to provide significant information – most of the government officials identifiedas key informants were occupied with other equally important tasks in their respective areas. Thisprevented them to provide relevant information needed for the study.9.3 Lack of accurate, updated, and disaggregated data from the municipal, provincial and regional levelsof line agencies and key offices, like DSWD, LGU, NFA


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9.4 There are certain information required in the report however, could not be addressed by the datacollected using the tools. These are elaborated in the recommended improvements, included in theAppendices.

10. Implementation experience in the area and related lessons learned, and activities planned or beingimplemented by other agencies.

(Applying lessons learned from past emergency programmes can benefit future interventions and influence decisions. If any information isavailable from secondary data reviews etc., then this should be included here. Knowing what other agencies are planning on doing can alsoinfluence decision makers, especially when there cash programmes or market support interventions are planned.)

10.1 Implementation Experience

10.1.1 The team visited the PDRRMC hub at the Capiz Capitol to coordinate with the other aid agencies ifthey are conducting RAM, the covered areas for assessment and the particular commodities.

10.1.2 The pre-field visit at the island’s commercial hub, Iloilo City was done. Key Informant Interviewswere conducted with the suppliers for the four provinces. The Regional NFA Office, regional suppliers ofthe four commodities were visited such as rice, bottled water, hygiene kits, and GI sheets. At that point, itwas not yet decided that the second commodity was canned sardines until the team received an advisefrom the zonal manager that the bottled water would be replaced with canned sardines. At that stage, theteam understood the flow of goods enter the island through Iloilo City, except for rice and laundry soapand canned sardines which also enter through Roxas City.

10.1.3 The team spent at a day studying and preparing for the data gathering.

10.1.4 The team organised and divided the available manpower to be assigned to particular areas,because of shortage of manpower, one staff was assigned for every province.

10.1.5 The team provided orientation on RAM to data gatherers and lead them to go over the tool item byitem, clarifying points, contextualising approach and planning on how to use each tool was done beforethe actual data gathering. Since they are all experienced community workers (from Community EnterpriseVentures) who are experienced with conducting interviews, it was needless to train them.

10.1.6 All logistical preparations were included in all the steps like the data gatherers’ transportation,meal allowances, lodging allowances, supplies, printed questionnaires, pens, letter of requests addressedto Key Informants signed by the team leader and other materials. Contact numbers were also exchangedbetween and among team members and data gatherers for ease of communication of queries andconcerns.

10.1.7 Schedules, dates time and venue were finalised and agreed upon before going to the field.

10.1.8 The data gatherers conducted Key Informant Interviews to wholesalers, retailers, representativesof relevant agencies, and elected officials at the barangay levels. They used Tools number 3, 8, 13 and 14.

10.1.9 RAM Team members conducted Key Informant Interviews to households formulating questionslifted from the various tools but gauging the side of the household, complementing the informationcollected by the data gatherers which are more on the wholesalers, retailers, government officials andagency representatives.

10.1.10 A Data Entry Sheet was designed to facilitate consolidation and analysis. The filled-up form isattached in this document as an appendix.

10.1.11 The RAM Team and the data gatherers went over through the filled-in Data Entry Sheets tovalidate, correct, and clarify data. It was also a time for analysis through brainstorming, and puttinginformation together to be able to come up with the conclusions, sharing of lessons learnedrecommendations.

10.1.12 It was found out that the required information in the report, are not met by the data generatedfrom the tools.


10.2 Lessons learned

Table 4. Lessons Learned

ImplementationExperience No.

Lessons learned

10.1.1 Coordination with aid agencies with similar and or complementary services is quite helpful as itwill prevent duplication, promote complementation, maximise resources, and promote qualityprogramming

10.1.2 It is beneficial to be able to have a regional or island-wide perspective on the flow of thecommodities before proceeding to the municipal or city and barangay level, because most of thegoods flow from commerce and trade hubs to the households.

10.1.3 There is no substitute for preparation and this is very much applicable to conducting a new toollike RAM

10.1.4 When manpower is limited, the best approach for data gathering that covers a big area isPurposive Sampling to ensure coverage and representation.

10.1.5 & 10.1.8 &10.1.9

Data gatherers need to familiarise the tool well for her/him to ask the questions well and be ableto strategise in terms on how to probe or ask follow-up questions.

10.1.6 & 10.1.7 Coordination is a continuing process, even during fieldwork, it is very much needed.

10.1.12 Aside from studying the tools, it would be quite helpful for the RAM Team to focus on theinformation required by the report for them to be able to formulate the most appropriate toolsthat would meet the information requirement of the report

10.3 Activities planned or being implemented by other agencies

10.2.1 RAM is also conducted by other agencies in Panay Island, but they have different focus oncommodities and areas.

Table 5. Other agencies on RAM

Aid Agency Area Commodity Schedule

ACF (Action Contre laFaim)

Estancia, IloiloBatan, AklanSan Dionisio, Iloilo

Food Last week of November2013

Save the Children unconfirmed unconfirmed unconfirmed

Goal unconfirmed unconfirmed unconfirmed

IRC Estancia, IloiloBatan, AklanSan Dionisio, IloiloSara, IloiloMaayon, Capiz

Shelter

Section 4: Conclusions

Table 6. Summary of the markets analysed and the potential response options for consideration during response analysis.


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Section 4: Appendices

Appendix 1. RAM Covered Areas

RAM coveredareas.zip

Appendix 2. RAM Data Entry

RAM data entrysheet.zip

Appendix 3. Conclusion Table

conclusion table rampanay island.zip

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