TRAINING SEMINAR

Training carried at:

RAJASTHAN ATOMIC POWER STATION

Presented by

Swati KhanoojaEC 4th Year11EMHEC054

CONTENTS

Abstract

Introduction to RAPS

Energy Production in RAPS

Working of a Nuclear Power Plant

Parts of a Nuclear Power Plant

Advantages

Disadvantages

ABSTRACT

Nuclear energy is the energy in the nucleus of an atom.

In other words Nuclear energy is the energy that holds

neutrons and protons of an atom.

Nuclear energy is used to produce electricity. This

energy can be obtained in two ways: nuclear fusion and

nuclear fission. In nuclear fission, atoms are split into

smaller atoms, releasing energy. Actually, nuclear power

plants use nuclear fission to produce electricity.

Narora, UP - 440 MW

Rawatbhata, Raj - 1180 MW

Kakrapar, Gujarat - 440 MW

Tarapur, Mah - 1,400 MW

Kaiga, Karnataka - 660 MW

Kalpakkam, TN - 440 MW

RAJASTHAN ATOMIC POWER

STATION

Pictorial View of RAPS 1 – 6 from lake side

All RAPS Plants (RAPS 1-8) are at higher elevation w.r.t normal lake level

INTRODUCTION TO RAPS

The Rajasthan Atomic Power Station is located about

65 kms from Kota, approximately 3 kms above the dam

that holds the Rana Pratap Sagar lake.

In November 2012, International Atomic Energy

Agency(IAEA) intensively audited two reactors at the

Rajasthan Atomic Power Station for safety. It has

concluded that the reactors are among the best in the

world, and can withstand a Fukushima type of accident,

and that India emerged a winner with a high global

safety rank.

ENERGY PRODUCTION IN RAPS

UNIT TYPE NET MW GROSS MW

RAPS-1 CANDU 90 MW 100 MW

RAPS-2 PHWR 187 MW 200 MW

RAPS-3 PHWR 202 MW 220 MW

RAPS-4 PHWR 202 MW 220 MW

RAPS-5 PHWR 202 MW 220 MW

RAPS-6 PHWR 202 MW 220 MW

RAPS-7(UC) PHWR 630 MW 700 MW

RAPS-8(UC) PHWR 630 MW 700 MW

TOTAL 2345 MW 2580 MW

WORKING OF A

NUCLEAR POWER

PLANT

BASIC PRINCIPLE

Fission occurs

in the reactor

vessel. Heat is

produced.

The heat is

used to heat

water to create

steam

The steam is

used to turn

the turbine in

the generator

to produce

electricity

The steam is

cooled in the

condenser to

return to the

liquid phase.

NUCLEAR FISSION

CALANDRIA

It is the heart of reactor and

forms the Core of reactor.

It consists of:-

Nuclear Fuel

Control Rods

Pressure Tubes

Moderator

STEAM GENERATOR

It is used to convert water into steam from heat

generated in nuclear reactor.

Steam contains more kinetic energy than liquid.

That’s why we use steam instead of liquid water.

TURBINE

It converts the kinetic

energy of steam into

mechanical energy.

A turbine consists a

stationary set of blades

called stators and moving

sets known as rotors.

These two blades act

together to allow flow of

steam to do all the work.

In R.A.P.S. impulse turbine

is used which runs at 3000

R.P.M.

GENERATOR

It is used to convert the

mechanical output of

turbine into electrical

output.

It is connected to

turbine by means of a

shaft, which provides

the output of turbine to

the generator.

Here we run the

generator at a rotation

speed of 3000 RPM.

COOLING TOWERS

It consists of a shell and

is open at top and bottom.

Purpose is to bring down

the temperature of light

water

There are two types of

cooling towers:-

(1) Natural Draft Cooling

Towers

(2) Mechanical Draft Cooling

Towers (Forced draft and

induced draft)

ADVANTAGES

Lower Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Cheap Electricity

Reliable

Nuclear reactions release a million times

more energy, as compared to hydro or

wind energy.

High amount of energy can be generated

from a single nuclear power plant.

DISADVANTAGES

The initial capital cost is very high.

Nuclear explosions produce radiation.

The fuel used is expensive and

difficult to recover.

The disposal of the products, which

are radioactive, is a big problem.

The cooling water requirements of a

nuclear power plant are very heavy.

CONCLUSION