raspinet: decentralised communication and sensing platformsatellite module integration in raspberry...
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RasPiNet: Decentralised Communication and Sensing Platform
Eiko Yoneki [email protected]
http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~ey204
Systems Research GroupUniversity of Cambridge Computer Laboratory
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FluPhone Project
Understanding behavioural responses to infectious disease outbreaks Proximity data collection by Bluetooth using mobile phone from general public in Cambridge together with Flu-like symptom report
https://www.fluphone.org
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FluPhone Project
Understanding behavioural responses to infectious disease outbreaks Proximity data collection using mobile phone from general public in Cambridge
https://www.fluphone.org
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FluPhone
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Scan Bluetooth devices every 2 minutes (today’s experiment)
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Trajectory of Encountering Sick PeopleIntegration with GPS equipped Smartphones
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FluPhone – Data Collection
Via GPRS/3G FluPhone server collects dataUploading via Webvia memory cardTracking stationVia SMS
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Issues on Data Collection in Africa
No infrastructure based Internet accessNo need to have end-to-end steady connectionForward data to where data analysis can be performed Experimental data collection may need to be repeated many times with different configurations
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Sensing Platform in Remote Region
Build a platform for sensing and collecting data in developing countries
e.g. OpenBeacon Active RFID tags based contact network data collectionBuild a standalone network for data collection and communication using Raspberry PiInexpensive network setting General purpose Raspberry Pi communication platform RasPiNET
Support streaming model
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OpenBeacon RFID Tags
OpenBeacon Active RFID TagsBluetooth has an omnidirectional range of ~10mOpenBeacon active RFID tags: Range ~1.5m and only detect other tags are in front of themLow Cost ~=10GBPFace-to-Face detectionTemporal resolution 5-20 secondsOn-board storage (up to ~4 logs)Batter duration ~2-3 weeks
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An OpenBeacon RFID tag
OpenBeacon Ethernet EasyReader
£150!
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RFID Tag with Ethernet Readers
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Raspberry Pi based Reader
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OpenBeacon USB Reader
TP‐Link TL‐WN723N Wifi Dongle
OpenBeacon Ethernet Readers need Ethernet connection (Cannot be deployed outside)
Using USB based reader with Raspberry Pi
USB reader + Raspberry PiRaspberry Pi (700MHz ARM11 CPU, 512MB RAM, 2 USB ports, SD card port, Ethernet port)WiFi connectivityMobility (w/ battery pack)Work without a server – SD card storageShow the status of RasPi (GPIO and a LED) -blinks differently depending of:
Pi is synced to correct timeSuccessfully sent the data
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Epi-Pi: Raspberry Pi OpenBeacon Reader
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1. Raspberry Pi 3. Battery Pack (7000mAh)
2. OpenBeacon USB reader 4. WiFi dongle 5. SD Card 6. LED
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£18
£14
£20
£5£5
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RasPiNET: RasPi Communication Platform
Raspberry Pi can be deployed almost everywhere
Data Collection:With WiFi accessRasPi SD card: data can be stored for months and latter processedWith WiFi Data Mule
RasPiNET can form Distributed Computing Platform
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Option for WiFi Configuration
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Use USB WiFi dongle to setup WiFi Adhoccommunication High energy consumption
Software Access Point: One Raspberry Pi acts as Access Point and the others as ClientsWiFi Direct: All the devices can communicate each other Reducing energy consumption
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DTN in Raspberry Pi
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Bundle Protocol OptionsDTN2 by DTNRGION (Interplanetary Overlay Networks)IBR-DTN
RasPiNET with DTN2Software AP based Data Mule
Gateway RasPi with MongoDB
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RasPiNET with Satellite Communication
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Satellite module is integratedUseful in developing country
RockBLOCK Satellite Device RockBLOCK
Satellite Device
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Satellite Communication
Satellite module integration in Raspberry PiRockBLOCK Satellite Module (~=£120) Uses Iridium Satellite Network: Short Burst Data(SBD)Iridium SBD session roughly every 10 secondsTo email address, or own web service (i.e. HTTP POST)pay-as-you-go – 34 bytes per message (Hex encoded)
50 credits - 12p/message20000 Credits – 4p/message
17RockBLOCK satellite module
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Iridium SBDInterface between FA and ISU is a serial connection with extended proprietary AT commandsInterface is used to load/retrieve messagesAvailable 24/365 from any coordinate on the earth
low orbit satellite
FA: Field Application
Iridium Subscriber Unit (ISU)
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Iridium SBDInterface between FA and ISU is a serial connection with extended proprietary AT commandsInterface is used to load/retrieve messages
low orbit satellite
FA: Field Application
Iridium Subscriber Unit (ISU)
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Communication Protocol
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Protocol for communication between devices with satellite transceiver
Rockblock provides Web Service Interfacealso Email Interface
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Data Compression
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Message to Iridum network < 340 bytesReceived message < 270 bytes every 10 secondsCurrently DTN2 not ION Additional compression and fragmentation protocols are needed that are not included in the default stack of communication
Raspberry Pi has ability of data processing Future plan – in-network data aggregation and processing
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Simulator
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Simulation of RaspiNET together with a satellite connection (w/o real satellite simulation part)
One simulator (http://www.netlab.tkk.fi/tutkimus/dtn/theone)
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Pilot Study in Computer Laboratory
15 RasPi OpenBeacon Readers around Computer Laboratory30 participants (4 groups)3 days of data collection
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A participant wearing three RFID tags
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Setting RasPiNET on 3 Floors
Use of Data Mule approach for Data CollectionSatellite Communication for sending statistics and changing sensing rate
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Post Data Analysis on Pilot Study
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Community Detection (4 groups and bridging nodes can be identified)
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RasPiNET: Summary
Raspberry Pi: Great Support by Computer Lab http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/projects/raspberrypi/
Built DTN with Raspberry PiCan deploy sensing and crowd sourcing platform dynamically –deployable outside and remote locationUse satellite connectivity (all nodes or gateway nodes) Distributed computation platform
Future Challenges Compress data for light-weight communication plus in-network data aggregation and processing (i.e. Raspberry Pi - mini data centre)Build Programming API for both whole system and local sensing sides (e.g. Streaming Platform)
Summer 2014 PlanRasPiNET network capacity and scalability studyOverhead study on satellite communication by RockBlock Larger scale real world experiment of RFID based proximity sensingAdding multicast (publish/subscribe) feature
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Epidemiology Study Plan
University of Cambridge NurseriesSchools – Together with RasPi School Tutorials
Data Collection in Developing CountriesPossible study in Africa (Botsuwana, Gabon, Congo) Support various proximity sensing techniques
Collect medical symptomsCapture surrounding context (e.g. temperature, light, humidity, GPS-location)
Combine diary and interview Survey
Support effective vaccination strategies within limited budget in developing countries
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