rasterization system for converting polygonal pattern data into a bit
TRANSCRIPT
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I
Unlted States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 4,837,447 Pierce et al. [45] Date of Patent: Jun. 6, 1989
[54] RASTERIZATION SYSTEM FOR 4,538,232 8/1985 Koyama ....................... .. 250/492.22
CONVERTING POLYGONAL PATTERN 4,594,673 6/1986 Holly INTO A Err-MAP 1,2224‘; 122222 [75] Inventors: John L. Pierce, Hillsborough; Nick 4:635:208 1/1987 Coleby et al. . 364/491
Kanopoulos, Durham, both of NC. 4,709,231 11/1987 Sakaibara ct a1. ................. .. 340/747
[73] Assignee: Research Triangle Institute, Inc., Primary Examiner-Janice A. Howell Research Triangle Park, N_C, Assistant Examiner-7.1 Ohn A. Miller
Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Oblon, Fisher, Spivak, [211 APP1-N°-= 860,216 McClelland & Maier
[22] Filed: May 6, 1986 [57] ABSTRACT
[51] Int. Cl.4 ........... ., ................................ .. G21K 1/00 A reauime rasterization System for convert-mg plural
[52] US‘ Cl‘ _ "" " 2_50€:92'2;_250/398; polygonal pattern data into respective bits of a two-di _ 382/56’ 364/490’ 364/491’ 3256521’ mensional bit-map, wherein the respective bits of the
[58] Field of Scarf; .... 24293-38’2 bit-map and the locations thereof within the bit-map 364/ 8’ 89’ ’ 9 ’ ’ ’ 340/24,; correspond to the shapes and locations of the polygons
in a two-dimensional ?eld and wherein the bit-map is [56] References Cited divided into plural data stripes, each including plural
Us PATENT DOCUMENTS scan hnes having plural bits. The rasterization system converts the plural pattern data of a data stripe into
........................... -. plural linked data entries Such data entries ‘M43597 3/ Yas‘llda correspond to polygons intersecting the same scan line 4’14 337 4/ Bue 9w ct ' / ‘ are sequentially linked, and includes a double buffer 4,258,265 3/1981 Sun-11 ............ .. 250/4923 tt d t f t . th 1 a1 1. k d d 4,259,724 3/1981 Sugiyama . . . . . . . . . . . .. 364/491 Pa ‘Fm a a memory °‘ 5 “m5 _ e P “Y m 6 6m
4,267,456 5/1981 Hidai et aL ____ __ 250/398 entries; a processor for determining for each scan line 4,280,136 7/1931 Hidai et a1_ 250/492” the bits thereof intersected by each polygon represented 4,291,231 9/1981 Hidai et al. 250/4923 by the respective linked data entries and for producing 4,387,433 6/1983 Cardenia et al. .. 250/4922 bit-map data corresponding to the determined bits; a 4’433'334 2/1984 Berri?!" et 31' ---- -- 364/”!90 double-buffer bit-map memory coupled to the processor 49445939 4/1984 Yew ----------- " 250/4922 for storing the bit-map data for each scan line of the
52:‘: et a1‘ data stripe; and a double-buffer output register for read 4,489,241 12/1984 Matsuda 250 A921 mg out sequentlally the bit-map data stored in the bit 4,511,980 4/1985 Watanabe ....... .. 364/491 map memOrY 4,528,634 7/1985 Nakahata et al. 364/491 4,532,598 7/1985 Shibayarna et al. .............. ,. 250/398 56 Claims, 19 Drawing Sheets
SLOPES srAnr/sma smr/srw mm’. xomw mmm nav=4
| 4 PRoa/uusms: M’?
l 3 now. 0721, 1m, 0701 I2) ' 1 now. R0, (R2), 1m a) | A ACBL R3, #20, R0, 2: I4)
I a I 1 =10
' 2
I 71
I 113- xuv-lo ’ 32767 4
l)
WSORTE FA T THW 17A TA
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4,837,447
X DIMENSION OF S TR/PE
_— STAGE MOVEMENT
M w A H m ,T T m
C ORRE SPONO/NG PART OF BIT-MAP 000000000 00000/1/0
Sheet 1 0f 19
RE TRA CE
oooollllo ooolllllo 00!’!0000
OO
O
MHHMMMMM
O
oil/00000
74%
1 4 m & 0 000 000
@00 @00 1
US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989
Y DIMENSION 0F STRIPE /
0000
FIG 1
00!’!0000 0001,1000 0000/’!00 oaooolloo 000000000
SCAN
Fl6.2
m M M
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 2 of 19 4,837,447
( kw“. *' Mr- AX|__ ll RECTANGLE H‘ I P353235” : THAPEZO/D/ :IH IX," mgr/l W I (JV/F. W _
HI TRAPEZO/DZ Z H (X, Y) x
___W_H A (x, Y}|-__;y_.. “AX \ F I 6 . 3
3 d 2
HOST PATTERN _/ 4 COMPUTER MEMORY
% SPEC/AL PURPOSE N5 PROCESSOR
l
BIT MAP “,6
FIG I, MEMORY
[,7 BLANK/N6‘ TO THE REGISTER _~ BEAM
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 4 0f 19 4,837,447
Q61 m2; i £222. XJ _ n u in E
_ I
x TIL. “IL “.IL _ _ _ _ “Ill! _
I _ _ _ _ $55. rIL rIL rII.
_ _ _ _ | _
58: rIIu rII“ _.II_
No Em.
2st Sit .Gtt ism .QQR ma?a macaw“. E
Tu MI: n.
.IIIIL VIII is- g.“ g %%%$ _ m _ * h
22: ..II_ _II._ VI _ _ _
2%.. _r-L_ .rL FL.
ma?a.
wwmmuumi mzgmi Rut Q3. mu E m. Tu whmmwmtm @255‘ 5 ~25,
N we?‘ i I: i
_ _
_ _ _ .lllll. __ _
u __ _
rII“ .FIL. a3 amt E §E :Et mzqumw WEEK“, REE 3 g ii. iii
I I I l____
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 5 of 19 4,837,447
FIELDS (ALL 32 BIT WORDS)
3/ O
POINTER OR XM/N BOTTOM ' TOP T OR AND BOTTOM SLOPES
STOP IS TAR T CURRENT START AND STOP (BIT ADDRESSES) START ORLG/NAL START AND STOP (BIT ADDRESSES)
REPEA T AND XMAX XOR/GIN INTERVAL
EXTENDED TABLE FORMAT
Y1’ AY
\ _[_ TOP $LOPE= -W—2 A Y2 BOTTOM 5L0PE= @
_1_ w ORIG/NAL START= Y
H ORIGINAL sr0P= Y + H
xomaw = x
M XMAX = x + w
(x, Y) 1 /
FI6.9
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 6 0f 19 4,837,447
5 TA TLC TABLE L/S T HEAD (STLH)
ti-'-']|||||1L?|||||] )\ 0 f A
IQL'PIIIIIIW l’vJIIIIULJLLLLU
;—"EEE|]:U:| 7x
'-—-"llllll1l_llllllll 1 4
1X
—~FPIIIIIH ‘?||||||]|."||||$ 32767 \ f if f J
STAT/C TABLE 32768 LINKED LISTS
ACTIVE TABLE L/S T HEAD (A T LH/
EF-"IIIIHI :lllll? lf'lllli ¥ ACE-(TABLE J
l LINKED LIST
FIG. 10
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 7 of 19 4,837,447
T/S TOP
AL
PROGRAM STEPS: 2f‘ MOVL (R0), R/ (I) (I)
MOVL (R2), [RI], (R01 (2) MOVL R0, (R2), [RI] (3) ACBL R3, #28, R0, 2$ (4)
FI6.11 UNSOR TED PA TTERN DA TA
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 8 0f 19 44,837,447
POINTER = A
80/? TED FIG. 12 5 TA 776‘ TABLE DA TA
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 9 of 19 4,837,447
TAPE /0 /600 bp/', 45 lbs, 2048 Me rec0rds,250 Iealures @ 20 by/es each = 0.9.9sec/da/a stripe
20 30.) \
GENERAL CONVERT [BE-5 FOHMA 7"‘ OJ5SEC MEMORY f PURPOSE SORT’ 0.02350
COMPUTER 0J7sec/ (VAX) dala slr/pe
40 UN/BUS 3/” = IMBYTE/
$60 DISK DRIVE (IE/5) 2500 x 28 by/es = 70,000 bytes of lab/e data
8 x 70 000 by/es @ WOW/es = _______-__ __ ___ ____ /o Mbyies/sec = 0.056
I. OMbyIes/sec ‘ sec/8 data stapes
aQmc/M” 8 ------------ " / PROCESSOR
"We LOCAL MEMORIES 100v
32 24
25 /7 WHITE 8 ,6 ' DIRECT/0N
7 l5 6 l4
SEGMENT ‘ 5 l3
STRIPE 4 ,2
3 ll 2 /0
DA TA STRIPE / 9
-_... WRITE DIRECT/0N
FI6.16
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 11 of 19 4,837,447
RRoM T HOST —/ COMPUTER _D—\ /00 I00 ?/ /
MEMORY MEMORY
MEMORY BANK I {"SELECTOR W200
MEMORY ___R,_ ENABLE M ‘ PROCESSOR
SCAN LINE "/300
4/0 I BIT PRODUCER
r-"— DMA-W
420 ADDRESS DISTRIBUTION
DMA~R 400
fool I f 2
3 MEMORY MEMORY
437 r‘ w __J
\ _ I 32 fREG/STER
<——- MUX @Q
_|_ I \ / I 32 REGISTER
520 FIG. 15
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 14 of 19 4,837,447
/ 2 n
F ——- WRIT/N6 DIRECT/0N
R 420 ’ START /
COUNTER 0 s 0
- R \ 5 -
NUMBER 1 OF CHIPS ” 440
WHEN 0R=0 DMA cows/m?
v COUNTS UP
‘ COUNTER 0 WHEN 0W
4§0 DMA COUNTER COUNTS pow/v
SYSTEM RESET
FIG. 19
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 15 of 19 4,837,447
( START ) 1 ®
2”“ 1219s R” MOVE ADDRESS OF A TLH , To R0, RI, R2 M0 VL R0, R2
110m STLH, R4 (202
lNlTlALlZE saw LINE COUNT .I/N R3) T0 ZERO CLRL R3
I 203
['9 LOOKATATLH TRANSFER A TLH CONTENTS‘ T0 RI MOVL IR”, R’
A TLH CONTAIN /\
'IENO OF LIST}? NO
.YES 295 ‘
(0)
R4 POINTS TO FIRST ENTRY OF S TLH, R3 CONTAINS CURRENT SCAN LINE NO, MOVE S TLH FOR LINE [R3] INTO A TLH IROI IMOVL (R4) [R3], (ROII
206 RO —- A?
/'.e. DOES THIS LINE HAVE NO NEW EN
TRIES? IBEOL 20$}
‘ 207
1 I POINT TO FIRST ENTRY OF S TL FOR CURRENT SCAN LINE IMOVL IROI, ROI
FI6.2OA
2087 I W; OUTPUT INITIAL START/ MOVL a
- STOP FOR THIS POL YGONT (R0), [0 T0 SLBP 300 RE6
I PowT T0 NEXT STA 770 W "L TABLE ENTRY m0" R0
YESL 209 L 1 J
2/0
WAS RO —- 21. L8. END OF STA TIC
LIST? IBNEO I/SI
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989
21/ @
2
Sheet 16 of 19
ADD SLOPES T0 5 TART/8 TOP VALUES 0F DA TA ENTRY POINTED T0 BY RI
(ADDLZ 41R”, 80?”)
4,837,447
OUTPUT AEN START/8 TOP ' VALUES T0 SLBP 300
TEST XMAX TO SEE /F ' CURRENT SCAN LINE IS THE LAST WTERSECTE BY THE POL YGON
/ 2/3
(CMPN /8(RI), R3)
22/
F16. 2012,
> 3$" XMAX . /
,var EQUAL m YES UPDA TE BA CKWARDS CURRENT SCAN LINE? ‘ POINTER
(MOVL 2/, R0) BNEO (3&1
222 END OF ,1
ACT/V5 LIST UPDA TE FORWARD (M0 VL 1'9- R/ *1‘? POINTER (RI), R/l
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 17 of 19 4,837,447
2/6 /
RESET BA CKWARDS FOINrER 20$.- (R0) WITH ADDRESS OF A 7'LH
(M0 VL R2, R0}
2/? /
RESET FORWARD POINTER (RI) WITH ADDRESS OF A TLH (M0 VL R2, ?l) -
‘ /2/a SEND OSTART/OSTOP T0 SLBP 300, END OF scA/v LINE (CLRL lO-REG)
2/9 1 /
INCREMENT scA/v LINE COUNTER (R3)
220 \ AOBLEO #32767, R3, l$
scA/v LINE YES SWITCH BIT-MAR MEMORY COUNT > 32767? BANKS, PROCESS NEXT
DA TA srR/RE /
223 \
( START )
FIG. 2052
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989
© 224 / REMOVE DA TA ENTRY [FROM ACTIVE LIST
Sheet 18 0f 19
*IMOVL (RI), (‘R011
, 225
QEO'ZRSMENT ENTRYS REPEAT I (DE-CW ,6 (RM
226' REPEA T
COUNT = 0? lie. LAST INSTANCE OF THE
POL YGON?
227 ‘/
CALCULA TE NEW XOR/GIN XOR/6W = XOR/GIN + INTERVAL —/- “00L? 24m”, 20”?”
r 228 CALCULA TE NEW XMAX XMAX = XMAX I [NTERVAL __/'- IADDWZ 26IRI, IO?R/II
229) CE T I6 MOST SIGNIFICANT BITS OF THE NEW XOR/GIN VALUE FOR THIS POL YGON _/— IMOVZWL 22IRII, R5}
{230 R5 -- WHERE IN STA TIC LIST / (MOVL (R4 [R54 R” DA TA ENTRY SHOULD BE IN- ‘ SERTED. SA VE S T LH A T THIS X POSITION, Le. THE XOR/GIN OF THIS DA TA ENTRY
IMKOVL RI, (R4) [R511 l,23/ INSERT THIS CURRENT DA TA ENTRY IN XORIGINIII S TLH
UPDA TE FORWARD POINTER 4S’ TO NEXT DA TA ENTRY IN
ACTIVE LIST
IMOVL (R0), RIIJ
DNEO 25
4,837,447
FIG. 20C
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US. Patent Jun. 6, 1989 Sheet 19 0f 19 4,837,447 -
“N 6E
B 1H5 M; KEN“ M mm
m Q
‘ll. \ Ab
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