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AgendaAgenda Regular Expressions Debugging Adding Libraries and Classes Data Driven Testing Modifying Options for Script Execution Querying Values of Object Properties Handling Ambiguous Recognition Handling Unexpected Active Windows Adding Manual and Dynamic VPs

Regular Expressions Debugging Adding Libraries and Classes Data Driven Testing Modifying Options for Script Execution Querying Values of Object Properties Handling Ambiguous Recognition Handling Unexpected Active Windows Adding Manual and Dynamic VPs

Regular ExpressionRegular Expression


Regular ExpressionsRegular Expressions Regular Expressions are often used for pattern

matching or text parsing (remember VU language – match function).

RobotJ uses a class RegEx which is implemented using org.apache.regexp.

Regular Expressions can be used within a script: Regex r = new Regex("a*b"); boolean matched = r.matches("aaaab");

Regular Expressions can be used to match attributes of VP, Recognition.

Regular Expressions are often used for pattern matching or text parsing (remember VU language – match function).

RobotJ uses a class RegEx which is implemented using org.apache.regexp.

Regular Expressions can be used within a script: Regex r = new Regex("a*b"); boolean matched = r.matches("aaaab");

Regular Expressions can be used to match attributes of VP, Recognition.

Right-ClickRight-Click


Regular ExpressionsRegular Expressions Characters

unicodeChar Matches any identical unicode character \ Used to quote a meta-character (like '*') \\ Matches a single '\' character \0nnn Matches a given octal character \xhh Matches a given 8-bit hexadecimal character \\uhhhh Matches a given 16-bit hexadecimal character \t Matches an ASCII tab character \n Matches an ASCII newline character \r Matches an ASCII return character \f Matches an ASCII form feed character

Character classes [abc] Simple character class [a-zA-Z] Character class with ranges [^abc] Negated character class

Characters unicodeChar Matches any identical unicode character \ Used to quote a meta-character (like '*') \\ Matches a single '\' character \0nnn Matches a given octal character \xhh Matches a given 8-bit hexadecimal character \\uhhhh Matches a given 16-bit hexadecimal character \t Matches an ASCII tab character \n Matches an ASCII newline character \r Matches an ASCII return character \f Matches an ASCII form feed character

Character classes [abc] Simple character class [a-zA-Z] Character class with ranges [^abc] Negated character class


Regular ExpressionsRegular Expressions Predefined Classes

. Matches any character other than newline \w Matches a "word" character (alphanumeric plus "_") \W Matches a non-word character \s Matches a whitespace character \S Matches a non-whitespace character \d Matches a digit character \D Matches a non-digit character

Boundary Matchers ^ Matches only at the beginning of a line $ Matches only at the end of a line \b Matches only at a word boundary \B Matches only at a non-word boundary

Predefined Classes . Matches any character other than newline \w Matches a "word" character (alphanumeric plus "_") \W Matches a non-word character \s Matches a whitespace character \S Matches a non-whitespace character \d Matches a digit character \D Matches a non-digit character

Boundary Matchers ^ Matches only at the beginning of a line $ Matches only at the end of a line \b Matches only at a word boundary \B Matches only at a non-word boundary


Regular ExpressionsRegular Expressions Greedy Closures (match as many elements as possible)

A* Matches A 0 or more times (greedy) A+ Matches A 1 or more times (greedy) A? Matches A 1 or 0 times (greedy) A{n} Matches A exactly n times (greedy) A{n,} Matches A at least n times (greedy) A{n,m} Matches A at least n but not more than m times

(greedy) Reluctant Closures (match as few elements as possible)

A*? Matches A 0 or more times (reluctant) A+? Matches A 1 or more times (reluctant) A?? Matches A 0 or 1 times (reluctant)

Greedy Closures (match as many elements as possible) A* Matches A 0 or more times (greedy) A+ Matches A 1 or more times (greedy) A? Matches A 1 or 0 times (greedy) A{n} Matches A exactly n times (greedy) A{n,} Matches A at least n times (greedy) A{n,m} Matches A at least n but not more than m times

(greedy) Reluctant Closures (match as few elements as possible)

A*? Matches A 0 or more times (reluctant) A+? Matches A 1 or more times (reluctant) A?? Matches A 0 or 1 times (reluctant)


Regular ExpressionsRegular Expressions Logical Operators

AB Matches A followed by B A|B Matches either A or B (A) Used for subexpression grouping

Backreferences \1 Backreference to 1st parenthesized subexpression ... (\2,\3,\4,\5,\6,\7,\8) \9 Backreference to 9th parenthesized subexpression

Logical Operators AB Matches A followed by B A|B Matches either A or B (A) Used for subexpression grouping

Backreferences \1 Backreference to 1st parenthesized subexpression ... (\2,\3,\4,\5,\6,\7,\8) \9 Backreference to 9th parenthesized subexpression


Regular Expressions - ExamplesRegular Expressions - Examples The simplest regular expression is a sequence of characters and

matches any string that contains the sequence. def matches abcdefg

Certain characters are treated specially by Regex. The period (.) matches any single character.a.c matches axcd

The asterisk or star (*) matches any repeating sequence (0 or more) of the previous pattern.a*d matches aaaaada*d matches d

The plus (+) matches any repeating sequence (1 or more) of the previous pattern.a+d matches aaaaada+d matches not d

The simplest regular expression is a sequence of characters and matches any string that contains the sequence. def matches abcdefg

Certain characters are treated specially by Regex. The period (.) matches any single character.a.c matches axcd

The asterisk or star (*) matches any repeating sequence (0 or more) of the previous pattern.a*d matches aaaaada*d matches d

The plus (+) matches any repeating sequence (1 or more) of the previous pattern.a+d matches aaaaada+d matches not d


Regular Expressions - ExamplesRegular Expressions - Examples The question mark (?) matches 0 or 1 of the previous pattern.ab?c matches acab?c matches abc

Parentheses can be used to group patterns.a(bc)+d matches abcbcbcbcd

You can indicate multiple choices using the vertical bar (|).red|green|blue matches redx(red|green|blue)*x matches xredblueredx

You can indicate a set of characters using square brackets ([]).x[ab]x matches xaxx[ab]x matches xbx[0-9]* matches 12378

The question mark (?) matches 0 or 1 of the previous pattern.ab?c matches acab?c matches abc

Parentheses can be used to group patterns.a(bc)+d matches abcbcbcbcd

You can indicate multiple choices using the vertical bar (|).red|green|blue matches redx(red|green|blue)*x matches xredblueredx

You can indicate a set of characters using square brackets ([]).x[ab]x matches xaxx[ab]x matches xbx[0-9]* matches 12378

DebuggingDebugging


DebuggingDebugging Integrated debugger supports

Debugging of RobotJ scripts

Debugging of [Local] Java Application Debugging of Remote Java Application

To playback script until a certain point use stop();

Integrated debugger supports Debugging of RobotJ scripts

Debugging of [Local] Java Application Debugging of Remote Java Application

To playback script until a certain point use stop();


Debugging PerspectiveDebugging Perspective

Debug controlsDebug controls Debug viewsDebug views

Outline View for navigation of sourceOutline View for navigation of sourceBreakpointBreakpoint


Basic Debugger ControlsBasic Debugger Controls Accessed via

Debug menu Debug perspective control panel

The debugger gives numerous controls to the developer Pause Resume Step Into – allows you to load any referenced code Step Over – skips referenced code

• e.g. skipping over println() calls in the code

Accessed via Debug menu Debug perspective control panel

The debugger gives numerous controls to the developer Pause Resume Step Into – allows you to load any referenced code Step Over – skips referenced code

• e.g. skipping over println() calls in the code


Working with breakpointsWorking with breakpoints Breakpoints are set directly

in the source via the context menu Shown along the left edge

Breakpoint view lists all breakpoints that exist Manipulation functions (e.g.

remove, disable, etc.) available via the context menu

Breakpoints are set directly in the source via the context menu Shown along the left edge

Breakpoint view lists all breakpoints that exist Manipulation functions (e.g.

remove, disable, etc.) available via the context menu


Inspecting variablesInspecting variables The stack contents

Displayed automatically in the variables view as you step through code

To inspect variables at a given point Highlight in source editor

in debug perspective Choose inspect from the

context menu

The stack contents Displayed automatically in

the variables view as you step through code

To inspect variables at a given point Highlight in source editor

in debug perspective Choose inspect from the

context menu


Evaluating expressions and code snippetsEvaluating expressions and code snippets

The display view allows you to evaluate expressions interactively Useful for experimenting and

testing ideas, , etc. e.g. results of some calculation

that is not in the source Similar to an interpreter

To evaluate an expression: Type it in the display view Highlight and choose display

from the context menu

The display view allows you to evaluate expressions interactively Useful for experimenting and

testing ideas, , etc. e.g. results of some calculation

that is not in the source Similar to an interpreter

To evaluate an expression: Type it in the display view Highlight and choose display

from the context menu

Adding Libraries and Classes Adding Libraries and Classes


Adding libraries to the build pathAdding libraries to the build path To add external JARS,

folders, etc. to the build path Open Project Properties Select Libraries tab Navigate and add

appropriate folders, libraries, etc.

To add external JARS, folders, etc. to the build path Open Project Properties Select Libraries tab Navigate and add

appropriate folders, libraries, etc.


Bringing in Java code into the projectBringing in Java code into the project To bring in existing

Java code to a project: Use File>Import Select File system option

for importing source files Select Zip File option

for importing Jar files Navigate to folder or file(s) Select individual elements Finish

To bring in existing Java code to a project: Use File>Import Select File system option

for importing source files Select Zip File option

for importing Jar files Navigate to folder or file(s) Select individual elements Finish

NOTE: Import is a “copy” operation. Copy is located in the project folder.

After the import, two versions of the imported resources exist in the environment.

NOTE: Import is a “copy” operation. Copy is located in the project folder.

After the import, two versions of the imported resources exist in the environment.

Data Driven TestingData Driven Testing


Data Driven TestingData Driven Testing Data-driven tests play back user input from a file

rather than using the input taken interactively during recording

Possible Source of Data: Flat files Database files Rational TSS datapools

- incl. all .jar-files Java knowledge is required

(no this is not the PM of RobotJ!)

Data-driven tests play back user input from a file rather than using the input taken interactively during recording

Possible Source of Data: Flat files Database files Rational TSS datapools

- incl. all .jar-files Java knowledge is required

(no this is not the PM of RobotJ!)


Data Driven TestingData Driven Testing Record a test as usual, which generates a RobotJ script. Add the Java code necessary to load the data file before the

startApp command. Create an indexed loop around the test that reads the data

source record by record. Replace the commands in the RobotJ script where the data

was entered interactively with commands that read from the data source.

Play back the RobotJ script to ensure that the data is read correctly.

Record a test as usual, which generates a RobotJ script. Add the Java code necessary to load the data file before the

startApp command. Create an indexed loop around the test that reads the data

source record by record. Replace the commands in the RobotJ script where the data

was entered interactively with commands that read from the data source.

Play back the RobotJ script to ensure that the data is read correctly.


Data Driven Testing - ExampleData Driven Testing - Example JavaClassicsA - UC

1. The user selects a CD and clicks on the Place Order button.2. The user enters a name and password and clicks on the OK button3. The user places an order specifying quantity, credit card number, and

credit card expiration date and clicks on the Place Order button.4. The user click on the OK button of the confirmation dialog.5. The user selects the View Existing Order Status menu option.6. The user enters name and password again to view the status of the

order and clicks on the OK button.7. The user selects the order and clicks on the Cancel Selected Order

button. Clicks on Close button8. The user closes the application.

JavaClassicsA - UC1. The user selects a CD and clicks on the Place Order button.2. The user enters a name and password and clicks on the OK button3. The user places an order specifying quantity, credit card number, and

credit card expiration date and clicks on the Place Order button.4. The user click on the OK button of the confirmation dialog.5. The user selects the View Existing Order Status menu option.6. The user enters name and password again to view the status of the

order and clicks on the OK button.7. The user selects the order and clicks on the Cancel Selected Order

button. Clicks on Close button8. The user closes the application.


Data Driven TestingData Driven Testing

Script Overview:New import directives:

Restructured testMain:

Script Overview:New import directives:

Restructured testMain:

New function for main test caseNew function for main test case

File, DB or DPFile, DB or DP

Container for data recordsContainer for data records


Data Driven Testing - ExampleData Driven Testing - Example

Before vs. AfterBefore vs. After

Recorded ValuesRecorded Values

Replaced ValuesReplaced Values


Data Driven Testing - ExampleData Driven Testing - Example

Loading Test Data - FileLoading Test Data - File

See Advanced Topics

in RobotJ Help!

See Advanced Topics

in RobotJ Help!

Java programming

knowledge needed!

Java programming

knowledge needed!

Modifying Options for Script ExecutionModifying Options for Script Execution


Modifying Options for Script ExecutionModifying Options for Script Execution Options specified with UI can be changed Method calls to change options during playback

Object x = getOption(IOptionName.option); setOption(IOptionName.option,value); resetOption(IOptionName.DELAY_BEFORE_KEY_DOWN); Values can be found at

• RobotJ API Reference com.rational.test.ft.script.IOptionName

Only valid during playback

Options specified with UI can be changed Method calls to change options during playback

Object x = getOption(IOptionName.option); setOption(IOptionName.option,value); resetOption(IOptionName.DELAY_BEFORE_KEY_DOWN); Values can be found at

• RobotJ API Reference com.rational.test.ft.script.IOptionName

Only valid during playback

Querying Values of Object PropertiesQuerying Values of Object Properties


Querying Values of Object PropertiesQuerying Values of Object Properties Accessing object property UC:

You may want to compare previous versions of a value to the current value and to do so would require a calculation .

Sometimes objects have methods that return other objects and you may need to test on the value of a property of the returned object.

You also may want to branch in your RobotJ script based on the current value of a property.

Methods GET/SET Object getProperty(String propertyName); void setProperty(String , ...)

Accessing object property UC: You may want to compare previous versions of a value to the

current value and to do so would require a calculation . Sometimes objects have methods that return other objects

and you may need to test on the value of a property of the returned object.

You also may want to branch in your RobotJ script based on the current value of a property.

Methods GET/SET Object getProperty(String propertyName); void setProperty(String , ...)


Querying Values of Object PropertiesQuerying Values of Object Properties Example Example

Handling Ambiguous Recognition Handling Ambiguous Recognition


Handling Ambiguous RecognitionHandling Ambiguous Recognition Ambiguous recognition can happen when more than

one instances a Java application is used/started during recording.

Ambiguous recognition can happen when more than one instances a Java application is used/started during recording.


Handling Ambiguous RecognitionHandling Ambiguous Recognition Using ProcessTestObjects to identify the application

Manual coding required!

Using ProcessTestObjects to identify the application

Manual coding required!

Ambiguous RecognitionAmbiguous Recognition

Non Ambiguous RecognitionNon Ambiguous Recognition

Handling Unexpected Active Windows Handling Unexpected Active Windows


Handling Unexpected Active windows Handling Unexpected Active windows RobotJ has no standard mechanism (vs. Robot)! There is no out-of-the-box approach!

1. Code can be added to test script Pros: Easy to do Cons: Has to be added wherever it is need!

2. Code can be added to a custom helper class(the dark side of RobotJ)

Pros: More general Cons: Not trivial!

RobotJ has no standard mechanism (vs. Robot)! There is no out-of-the-box approach!

1. Code can be added to test script Pros: Easy to do Cons: Has to be added wherever it is need!

2. Code can be added to a custom helper class(the dark side of RobotJ)

Pros: More general Cons: Not trivial!

again NO

, this is not the PM of R

obotJagain N

O, this is not the PM

of RobotJ

New helper super class is NOTgenerated!! User has to create the class!!



Handling Unexpected Active windows Handling Unexpected Active windows Add code to script – Example

Some browsers show a dialog when switching between secure/non-secure pages

Some browsers don‘t

Or will not do aftermore than 5 seconds

Add code to script – Example Some browsers show a dialog when switching between

secure/non-secure pages

Some browsers don‘t

Or will not do aftermore than 5 seconds


Handling Unexpected Active windows Handling Unexpected Active windows Create new helper class before next recording

Recorder preferences• Every script recorded after

this change will use the newhelper super class!

Change script template• all scripts in DataStore will be using

the new helper super class!

Create new helper class before next recording Recorder preferences

• Every script recorded afterthis change will use the newhelper super class!

Change script template• all scripts in DataStore will be using

the new helper super class!




Super Helper Class Super Helper Class

RationalTestScript

- onObjectNotFound

RationalTestScript

- onObjectNotFound

ATestScriptHelperATestScriptHelperATestScriptHelperATestScriptHelper

ATestScriptATestScriptATestScriptATestScript

CustomHelper

- onObjectNotFound

CustomHelper

- onObjectNotFound

After recording you will see the scriptAfter recording you will see the script

DefaultDefault Added custom helperAdded custom helper


Handling Unexpected Active windows Handling Unexpected Active windows Override onObjectNotFound – Method

in new super helper class

Sample codewill be provided!

Override onObjectNotFound – Method in new super helper class

Sample codewill be provided!

Adding Manual and Dynamic VPs Adding Manual and Dynamic VPs


Adding Manual VPs – 3 Different Kinds Adding Manual VPs – 3 Different Kinds

Static (Recorded) - Verification points created at record time that are ready to play back at the appropriate time during execution of test script.

Manual - Verification points in which the data supplied by the script developer. The verification point interface only compares and logs the result with persistence as appropriate.

Dynamic - Verification points that are created at playback time, the first time that the script is run. These verification points act like recorded scripts after the baseline for the verification point is established.

Static (Recorded) - Verification points created at record time that are ready to play back at the appropriate time during execution of test script.

Manual - Verification points in which the data supplied by the script developer. The verification point interface only compares and logs the result with persistence as appropriate.

Dynamic - Verification points that are created at playback time, the first time that the script is run. These verification points act like recorded scripts after the baseline for the verification point is established.


Adding Manual VPs Adding Manual VPs UC1:

Verify base lined data during execution. This can also be non GUI-based data like e.g. data base record field, any data available in application or a result of calculation/transformation.

UC2: Compare dynamic data during execution. This can also be non GUI-

based data like e.g. data base record field, any data available in application or a result of calculation/transformation.

Important Information: All data types or objects that should be used have to be supported

VALUE types! – Extensibility is possible but not within the first release!

UC1: Verify base lined data during execution. This can also be non GUI-


UC2: Compare dynamic data during execution. This can also be non GUI-


Important Information: All data types or objects that should be used have to be supported

VALUE types! – Extensibility is possible but not within the first release!


Adding Manual VPs Adding Manual VPs Manual VPs

IFtVerificationPoint vpManual (java.lang.String vpName, java.lang.Object actual)

IFtVerificationPoint vpManual (java.lang.String vpName, java.lang.Object expected, java.lang.Object actual)

vpName must be unique in a script!

Before performTest() is executed the first time a baseline is created.

Manual VPsIFtVerificationPoint vpManual (java.lang.String vpName,

java.lang.Object actual)IFtVerificationPoint vpManual (java.lang.String vpName,

java.lang.Object expected, java.lang.Object actual)


Before performTest() is executed the first time a baseline is created.


Adding Manual VPs Adding Manual VPs Before execution

Log viewer (HTML)

After execution ! no manual2!

Before executionLog viewer (HTML)

After execution ! no manual2!

New!New!


Adding Dynamic VPs Adding Dynamic VPs UC: Insert verification point into script.

Specify line of script by adding dynamic VP, without specifying the object. At runtime the object will be select with the object finder dialog.

Specify line and object of script by adding a dynamic VP, with specifying the object. At runtime the object will already be selected but user has to finish verification point dialogs.

After first run, those VPs behave like static VPs.

UC: Insert verification point into script. Specify line of script by adding dynamic VP, without

specifying the object. At runtime the object will be select with the object finder dialog.

Specify line and object of script by adding a dynamic VP, with specifying the object. At runtime the object will already be selected but user has to finish verification point dialogs.

After first run, those VPs behave like static VPs.


Adding Dynamic VPs Adding Dynamic VPs Dynamic VPs

IFtVerificationPoint vpDynamic (java.lang.String vpName) IFtVerificationPoint vpDynamic (java.lang.String vpName, TestObject

objectUnderTest)


Dynamic VPsIFtVerificationPoint vpDynamic (java.lang.String vpName) IFtVerificationPoint vpDynamic (java.lang.String vpName, TestObject

objectUnderTest)


11

22


Adding Dynamic VPs Adding Dynamic VPs First execution of statement starts VP dialog

Select objectto verify

First execution of statement starts VP dialog

Select objectto verify

11

11


Adding Dynamic VPs Adding Dynamic VPs First execution of statement starts VP dialog, with

object already selected

Object alreadyselected!

First execution of statement starts VP dialog, with object already selected

Object alreadyselected!

22

22


Adding Dynamic VPs Adding Dynamic VPs

Before executionLog Viewer (HTML)

After execution

Before executionLog Viewer (HTML)

After execution

New!New!


QuestionsQuestions

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