raw , ground model - center for meat process validation

Raw, Ground Model

09/13/2008 Version; Supersedes all other versions 1

HACCP Plan – Raw Ground Products Product Description Ground Beer, Pork, Sheep, Lamb, Poultry products; including patties and fresh sausages COMMON NAME: Ground Beef (chubs, bulk, patties), Pork

Sausage, Fresh Bratwurst, Italian Sausage, Ground Pork, Turkey Bratwurst, Ground Lamb or Sheep products

HOW IS IT TO BE USED? Cooked by consumer TYPE OF PACKAGE? Vacuum packaged, Tray wrapped, Bulk packaged (plastic bag) LENGTH OF SHELF LIFE, 5 days under refrigeration (< 41°F), AT WHAT TEMPERATURE? 6 months frozen (≤ 0ºF) WHERE WILL IT BE SOLD? Retail and Wholesale LABELING INSTRUCTIONS: Appropriate product label, including safe

handling IS SPECIAL DISTRIBUTION Lot code based on production date CONTROL NEEDED?

Raw, Ground Model


Directions for Use of the Process Flow Diagram

1. Make one copy of the Process Flow Diagram for each distinct product

type you make that is in this category (raw, ground). For example, you

may want to make one diagram for ground beef patties and one for

pork bratwurst. Use a highlighter marker to show the actual process

flow for each product. Re-number steps as necessary.

2. List all of your steps that can be considered parts of the step

currently labeled as step 9 (combining ingredients and processing).

Such steps may include grinding, chopping, and mixing. These steps

should be numbered as sub-steps of the step currently labeled as 9,

e.g., 9a, 9b, 9c.

3. Add any processing steps not already shown and make sure that each

new step is assigned a number.

Raw, Ground Model


Process Flow Diagram Process Category: Raw Ground Product

Products: Ground Beef, Pork Sausage, Fresh Bratwurst, Italian Sausage

2. Receiving

Raw Meat/Poultry, Natural Casings

4. Storage (Frozen/Refrigerated)

Raw Meat/Poultry

8. Grinding

5. Tempering Frozen Meat/Poultry

9. Combining Ingredients/Processing

(List All as Separate Steps)

10. Sausage Stuffing

11. Moving to cooler before further steps

12. Packaging and labeling

14. Finished product Storage

1. Receiving Packaging Materials

13. Storage of Packaging Materials

3. Receiving and Storage of Restricted and Unrestricted Non-

Meat/Non-Poultry Food Ingredients (incl. collagen

casings)

7. Weighing Restricted and Unrestricted Non-meat/Non-poultry Food

Ingredients (incl. collagen casing

15. Shipping or Retail

6. Weighing Meat/Poultry

CCP 1B

CCP 2B

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Directions for Use of the Hazard Analysis Form

1. Make sure that every step shown on the Process Flow Diagram is

entered in the Hazard Analysis Form. Make sure that each step has

the same name and number in both the Process Flow Diagram and the

Hazard Analysis Form.

2. Check the three categories of hazard (Biological, Chemical, Physical)

shown for each step.

a. If you think a listed hazard is not reasonably likely to occur,

leave it in column 2 (Food Safety Hazard) and enter “No” in

column 3 (Reasonably likely to occur?). Then provide a reason in

column 4.

b. If you think there are no relevant hazards for a particular

category, delete the listed and hazard and write “none” in

column 2, write “No” in column 3, provide a reason in column 4,

and cross out any information in columns 5 and 6.

c. If you think that a relevant hazard should be added at a step,

describe the hazard in column 2 (Food Safety Hazard). Then

determine whether the hazard is reasonably likely to occur and

put the answer in column 3. Then provide, in column 4, a reason

for deciding whether or not the hazard is reasonably likely to

occur.

i. For example, following an SSOP, SOP, or approved

formulation may make a hazard unlikely to occur, or a

supplier may provide a letter of guarantee stating that

the hazard should not be present.

ii. On the other hand, a history of outbreaks or

contamination related to a hazard would mean that the

hazard IS reasonably likely to occur.

Columns 5 and 6 can be left blank if a hazard is NOT reasonably

likely to occur.

If the hazard IS reasonably likely to occur: fill in columns 5 and

6.

iii. In column 5, list measures that could be applied to

prevent, eliminate, or reduce the hazard to an acceptable

level. NOTE: at least one of these measures must be

Raw, Ground Model


either a Critical Control Point (CCP) at the present step,

or a CCP at a later step.

iv. Finally, if the hazard is controlled by a CCP at the

present step, enter the CCP number in column 6. The

accepted numbering system is to number the CCP’s in

order, followed by either B, C, or P to indicate what type

of hazard is being controlled. For example, if the 2nd CCP

in a process controlled a physical hazard, it would be

entered as CCP -2P.

d. I f you agree that a listed hazard is relevant, no changes are

necessary.

Raw, Ground Model


HAZARD ANALYSIS – RAW, GROUND – Ground Beef, Pork Sausage, Fresh Bratwurst, Italian Sausage

1. Process Step 2. Food Safety

Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur

5. If Yes in Column 3,

What Measures Could be

Applied to Prevent,

Eliminate, or Reduce the

Hazard to an Acceptable

Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

1. Receiving –

Packaging Materials

Biological –

Contamination with

meat, other biological

material

No SOP for receiving

makes hazards

unlikely to occur.

Chemical – Non-food

grade materials

No Letter of guarantee

for packaging

materials makes

hazards unlikely to

occur.

Physical – None No SOP for receiving

makes hazards

unlikely to occur.

2. Receiving – Raw

Meat / Poultry

Biological- Pathogens:

Salmonella; if beef, E.

coli 0157:H7 and BSE

prions in SRMs; if

poultry, Campylobacter

jejuni/coli

Yes

(pathogens)

No

(prions)

Raw meat/poultry is

a known source of

pathogens. Elder et

al data (supplied by

FSIS) states that E.

coli O157:H7 is

reasonably likely to

occur in beef. SRM’s

Hazard will be controlled by a

later CCP that limits cumulative

exposure of pathogens (if

present) to temperatures

allowing growth. Product is

labeled to instruct consumers to

fully cook product (and thereby

kill pathogens). Letter of

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Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

may be found in

incoming product

from animals over 30

months of age.

guarantee is on file for each

supplier of ground or tenderized

beef documenting the application

of at least one intervention step

against E. coli O157:H7.

Certificate from suppliers that

product supplied is from animals

under 30 months of age or

animals that have had the SRM’s

removed prior to fabrication of

the raw product.

Chemical – None No SOP for receiving

makes hazards

unlikely to occur.

Physical – None No

SOP for receiving

makes hazards

unlikely to occur.

3. Receiving and

Storage – Restricted

and Unrestricted

Non-meat/Non-

poultry, Food

Ingredients

Biological - None No SOP for receiving

and storage makes

hazards unlikely to

occur.

Chemical – Chemical

contaminants

No SOP for storage

makes contamination

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Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

unlikely. Letters of

guarantee are

received from all

suppliers of food

ingredients.

Physical – None No SOP for receiving

and storage makes

hazards unlikely to

occur.

4. Storage (Cold –

Frozen/Refrigerated)

– Raw Meat/Poultry

Biological: Presence or

growth of pathogens

(see list above)

Yes

(Presence)

No

(Growth)

Raw meat/poultry is

a known source of

pathogens.

Pathogens are not

likely to grow if the

product is held

according to the

SOP for storage.








kill pathogens). SOP for

receiving and storage.

Chemical – None No SOP for storage

makes hazards

unlikely to occur.

Physical – None No SOP for storage

makes hazards

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Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

unlikely to occur.

5. Tempering Frozen

Meat/Poultry

Biological – Presence or

growth of pathogens

(see list above)

Yes

(Presence)

No

(Growth)

Raw meat/poultry is

a known source of

pathogens.

Tempering done

according to SOP for

Tempering/Thawing

of Frozen Materials.








kill pathogens).

Chemical – None No SSOP makes hazard

unlikely to occur.

Physical - None No SSOP makes hazard

unlikely to occur.

6. Weighing Raw

Meat/Poultry

Biological – Presence

or growth of pathogens

(see list above)

Yes

(Presence)

No

(Growth)

Raw meat/poultry is

known source of

pathogens. Weighing

is done quickly

enough to prevent

pathogen growth.

SSOP makes

contamination via

equipment and

workers unlikely to


later CCP that limits exposure of

pathogens (if present) to

temperatures allowing growth.

Product is labeled to instruct

consumers to fully cook product

(and thereby kill pathogens).

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Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

occur.


unlikely to occur.

Physical – None No SSOP makes hazard

unlikely to occur.

7. Weighing

Restricted and

Unrestricted Non-

meat/Non-poultry

Food Ingredients

Biological - None No SSOP makes hazard

unlikely to occur.

Chemical – Addition of

allergenic ingredient;

ingredients not being

added or used as

intended.

Cleaning/sanitizing

chemical residues.

No Approved

formulation is

followed to prevent

improper level of

use. Operational

SSOP prevents cross

contamination of

allergenic agents.

Application of

correct label

prevents inadvertent

consumption of

allergens by

consumer. Pre-

operational SSOP

makes chemical

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Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

residue hazard

unlikely.

Physical – Foreign

materials

No Visual observation

for foreign materials

during processing,

inspection of

equipment during

cleaning make hazard

unlikely.

8. Grinding Biological –

Presence or growth of

pathogens (see list

above)

Prions present in meat

Yes

(Presence)

No

(Growth)

No

(Prions)

Raw meat/poultry is

known source of

pathogens. SSOP

makes contamination

via equipment and

workers unlikely to

occur. Grinding is

done quickly enough

to prevent pathogen

growth.

Meat received from

our slaughter








kill pathogens).

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Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

operation will be

processed in

accordance with our

SOP for Minimizing

BSE Risks

Associated with

Specified Risk

Materials (SRMs) in

our slaughter HACCP

manual. Meat

received from an

outside source will

be accompanied by a

certificate that

product is from

animals under 30

months of age or

animals that have

had the SRMs

removed prior to

fabrication of the

raw product.

Chemical – No Pre-operational

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Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

cleaning/sanitizing

chemical residues.

SSOP makes

chemical residue

hazard unlikely to

occur.

Physical - Metal No Visual observation


during processing,

inspection of

equipment during


unlikely.

9. Combining

Ingredients/

Processing (Includes

one or more of the

following; mixing,

stuffing, portioning,

patty-forming)

Biological – Presence or

growth of pathogens

(see list above)

Yes

(Presence)

Yes

(Growth)

Raw meat/poultry is

known source of

pathogens. Growth

may occur if product

temperature warms

up excessively from

grinding or if

product is exposed

for an excessive

time to a

temperature that

allows pathogen








kill pathogens).

Raw, Ground Model



Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

growth. SSOP

makes contamination

via equipment and

workers unlikely to

occur.

Chemical – Allergens;

cleaning/sanitizing

chemical residues

No Application of

correct label

prevents inadvertent

consumption of

allergens by

consumer.

Operational SSOP

prevents cross

contamination of

allergenic agents.

Pre-operational

SSOP makes

presence of chemical

residues unlikely to

occur.

Physical – Metal, other

foreign materials.

No Visual observation


during processing,

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Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

inspection of

equipment during


unlikely.

10 Sausage Stuffing Biological – Presence or

growth of pathogens

(see list above)

Yes

(Presence)

Yes

(Growth)

Raw meat/poultry is

known source of

pathogens. Growth


exposed for an

excessive time to a

temperature that

allows pathogen

growth. SSOP

makes contamination

via equipment and

workers unlikely to

occur.


later CCP that limits exposure of

pathogens (if present) to

temperatures allowing growth.

Product is labeled (CCP) to

instruct consumers to fully cook

product (and thereby kill

pathogens).

Chemical –

cleaning/sanitizing

chemical residues

No Pre-operational

SSOP makes

presence of chemical

residues unlikely to

occur.

Physical - Metal, other No No history of

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Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

foreign materials. problem. Visual

observation for

foreign materials

during processing,

inspection of

equipment during


unlikely.

11. Moving to cooler

before further steps

Biological –Presence or

growth of pathogens

(see list above)

Yes

(Presence)

Yes

(Growth)

Raw meat/poultry is

known source of

pathogens. Growth


exposed for an

excessive time to a

temperature that

allows pathogen

growth.

Potential pathogen growth during

this step, and any of steps

5,6,8,9, or 10 done before it, is

controlled by monitoring time,

product temperature, and, in

some situations, room

temperature.

1B

Chemical – None No SOP for storage

makes hazards

unlikely to occur.

Physical - None No SOP for storage

makes hazards

Raw, Ground Model



Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

unlikely to occur.

12. Packaging and

Labeling

Biological – Biological –

Presence or growth of

pathogens (see list

above)

Yes

(Presence)

Yes

(Growth)

Raw meat/poultry is

known source of

pathogens. Growth


exposed for an

excessive time to a

temperature that

allows pathogen

growth.

Potential pathogen growth during

this step, and any of steps

5,6,8,9, or 10 done before it, is

controlled by monitoring time,

product temperature, and, in

some situations, room

temperature.

2B


unlikely to occur.

Physical - None No SSOP makes hazard

unlikely to occur.

13. Storage of

Packaging Materials

Biological –

contamination from

meat products

No SOP for receiving

and storage makes

hazard unlikely

Chemical - None No SOP for receiving

and storage makes

hazard unlikely

Physical - None No SOP for receiving

and storage makes

hazard unlikely

Raw, Ground Model



Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

14. Finished Product

Storage

Biological - None No Product is handled


Finished Product

Storage

Chemical - None No Product is handled


Finished Product

Storage

Physical - None No Product is handled


Finished Product

Storage

15. Shipping or Retail Biological - None No Product is handled


Finished Product

Storage

Chemical - None No Product is handled


Finished Product

Storage

Physical - None No Product is handled


Finished Product

Raw, Ground Model



Hazard

3.

Reasonably

likely to

occur

4. Basis of

Reasonably likely

to occur



Applied to Prevent,



Level?

6. Critical

Control Point

Storage

Raw, Ground Model


Directions for Using the HACCP Plan Form

1. Examine your Hazard Analysis form to determine which steps are CCP’s and

what type of hazard (Biological, Chemical, or Physical) each CCP controls.

2. Check to see whether each CCP is already listed on the HACCP Plan Form. If a

CCP is not already listed, enter the CCP number and step in the column labeled

“CCP # and Location”.

3. For CCP’s already listed on the model form, examine the Critical Limits listed. In

the HACCP Plan Form for some HACCP categories there will be several options

for Critical Limits. If this is the case, choose the Critical Limits that will work

best in your plant and cross out, white out, or delete the other Critical Limits and

the Monitoring Procedures that go with them. It may be helpful to check the

“Monitoring Procedures and Frequency” column during your decision-making.

For CCP’s already on the model form, supporting scientific documentation is

already included in your manual.

4. If you are adding a new CCP, you will need to determine the scientifically valid

Critical Limits to be used with the CCP. You must also obtain scientific

information supporting your choice of Critical Limits. Consult your inspector or

university extension specialists for help.

5. Examine the “Monitoring Procedures and Frequency” column for each CCP. If

you wish to change the procedure and/or the frequency, check with your inspector

or a university extension specialist for help. If a change is OK, you will need to

write down your reasoning for making the change and include this reasoning in

your HACCP manual.

6. Examine the “HACCP Records” column. If you are using different forms for

record-keeping in this HACCP Plan, please put the correct form title(s) in the

“HACCP Records” column.

7. The verification activities listed in the “Verification Procedures and Frequency”

column are required by the regulation. However, you may choose to do

additional activities; for example, for verification, beef jerky samples may be sent

to the lab each quarter for water activity and Moisture : Protein Ratio testing. If

you do any additional verification activities, enter them in the “Verification

Procedures and Frequency” column. If you choose to use a frequency for the

required verification activities that is different than the frequency shown, you

must provide written justification for the different frequency. Consult your

inspector or university extension specialists for help.

8. We suggest that you make no changes in the “Corrective Actions” column. Be

sure to have a form for documenting corrective actions that you take. A

corrective action form is included in this model.

Raw, Ground Model


HACCP PLAN

PROCESS CATEGORY: Raw, ground

Product example: Ground Beef, Pork Sausage, Fresh Bratwurst, Italian Sausage CCP# and

Location

Critical Limits Monitoring Procedures and

Frequency

HACCP

Records

Verification Procedures and

Frequency

Corrective Actions

1B – Cooler

Storage

OR

2B -

Packaging

and Labeling

– with no

Cooler

Storage

immediately

before it

1. Meat internal

temperature is

between 41°F – and a

designated maximum

temperature for no

more than the time

designated in the

table shown below.

This means that

product internal

temperature must

return to 41°F or

lower within the

designated time.

Note that if product

internal temperature

does not exceed

41°F, then the

Critical Limit has

been met.

OR

1. The meat temperature

will be measured by the

establishment owner or

designee at the start of

each lot (earliest of steps

5, 6, 8, 9, or 10) using a

calibrated thermometer.

Monitoring starts at the

time product temperature

first exceeds 41°F, but for

simplicity you can note the

time when product is

removed from the cooler

and assume the product

temperature exceeded 41°F

at this time.

Meat internal temperature

will be taken again after

the last of the product is

packaged and placed in the

cooler and a final meat

internal temperature will be

measured when product is

refrigerated to show that

the temperature was 41°F

Product

Temperature

Log

Corrective

Action Log

Thermometer

Calibration

Log

Establishment owner or designee

will review the Product

Temperature Log, Corrective

Action Log, and Thermometer

Calibration Log once per week.


will calibrate all thermometers

to a known standard monthly.

Thermometers will be calibrated

to ± 2° F or taken out of

operation as stated in the SOP.

Calibration actions are recorded

in the Thermometer Calibration

Log.


will observe monitoring of

temperature at least once per

month.

If a deviation from a

critical limit occurs, the


designee is responsible

for corrective action

protocol as stated in

9 CFR 417.3 1. The cause of the

deviation will be

identified and

eliminated.

2. The CCP will be under

control after the

corrective action is

taken.

3. Measures to prevent

recurrence are

established.

4. No product that is

injurious to health or

otherwise adulterated

as a result of the

deviation will be

permitted to enter

commerce.

Raw, Ground Model


or lower within the Critical

Limit time. Note that if

meat temperature is 41°F

or lower when the meat is

returned to the cooler, no

additional temperature

measurement is necessary.

All temperature

measurements will be made

by the establishment owner

or designee using a


Temperature monitoring will

be done at least once for

each product grouping done

in each production day.

All products within a

“product grouping” have a

similar diameter and

volume. For example, pork

sausage mix and ground

beef in the same volume

could constitute a product

grouping. Fresh bratwurst

and Polish sausage might

constitute another product

grouping.

Raw, Ground Model


2. Product exposed

to a designated

maximum room

temperature and

returned to

refrigeration (meat


of 41°F or lower)

within a time

designated in the

table shown below.

2. The room temperature

will be measured at the

start of each lot (earliest

of steps 5, 6, 8, 9, or 10)

and at the end of each lot

(last of the packaged

product enters cooler) by

the establishment owner or

designee using a calibrated

thermometer. Note the

warmer of the two room

temperature measurements.

Within the Critical Limit

time for this temperature

(time elapsed since start of

the lot) the product

temperature will be

measured using a calibrated

thermometer by the


designee.



each product grouping in

each production day.



Raw, Ground Model










grouping.

Raw, Ground Model


Product

Temperature

Log

Corrective

Action Log

Thermometer

Calibration

Log




Action Log, Thermometer










Log.




month.







CFR 9, 417.3 1. The cause of the

deviation will be identified

and eliminated.


control after the

corrective action is taken.


recurrence are established.



otherwise adulterated as a

result of the deviation will

be permitted to enter

commerce.

Raw, Ground Model


2B -

Packaging

and Labeling

- WITH

Cooler

Storage

immediately

before it

1. Meat internal

temperature is

between 41°F – and a

designated upper

temperature for no

more than the time

designated in the

following table. This

means that product


must return to 41°F

or lower within the

designated time.

Note that if product


does not exceed

41°F, then the

Critical Limit has

been met.

PORK

Max. Temp. – Hrs:Min

50°F – 54:45

55°F – 17:30

60°F – 8:30

65°F – 8:15

70°F – 5:45

75°F – 4:15

80°F – 4:15

85°F – 1:30

1. The meat temperature

will be measured by the


designee at the start of

each lot (earliest of steps

5, 6, 8, 9, or 10) using a


Monitoring starts at the

time product temperature

first exceeds 41°F, but for

simplicity you can note the

time when product is

removed from the cooler

and assume the product

temperature exceeded 41°F

at this time.

Meat internal temperature

will be taken again after

the last of the product is

packaged and placed in the

cooler and a final meat

internal temperature will be

measured when product is

refrigerated to show that

the temperature was 41°F

or lower within the Critical

Limit time. Note that if

meat temperature is 41°F

or lower when the meat is

Product

Temperature

Log

Corrective

Action Log

Thermometer

Calibration

Log




Action Log, and Thermometer










Log.




month.







CFR 9, 417.3 1. The cause of the

deviation will be identified

and eliminated.


control after the

corrective action is taken.


recurrence are established.



otherwise adulterated as a

result of the deviation will

be permitted to enter

commerce.

Raw, Ground Model


90°F – 1:30

95°F – 1:30

100°F – 1:30

105°F – 1:00

110°F – 1:00

BEEF


50°F – 27:00

55°F – 9:00

60°F – 6:00

65°F – 3:45

70°F – 3:30

75°F – 2:30

80°F – 2:00

85°F – 1:30

90°F – 1:30

95°F – 1:15

100°F – 1:15

105°F – 1:00

110°F – 1:00

POULTRY


50°F – 22:30

55°F – 14:45

60°F – 13:45

65°F – 8:15

70°F – 4:45

75°F – 3:00

returned to the cooler, no

additional temperature

measurement is necessary.

All temperature

measurements will be made

by the establishment owner

or designee using a
















grouping.

Raw, Ground Model


80°F – 3:00

85°F – 2:00

90°F – 2:00

95°F – 2:00

100°F – 1:30

105°F – 0:45

110°F – 0:45

SAUSAGE (with salt

but no sodium

nitrite)


50°F – 8:30

55°F – 8 :30

60°F – 8 :30

65°F – 8 :30

70°F – 6 :00

75°F – 5 :15

80°F – 3 :15

85°F – 2 :30

90°F – 2 :30

95°F – 1 :45

100°F – 1 :45

105°F – 1:45

110°F – 2:15

Sources: Ingham et

al., 2007. Predicting

Pathogen Growth

during Short-Term

Raw, Ground Model


Temperature Abuse

of Raw Pork, Beef

and Poultry Products:

Use of an Isothermal

Based Predictive

Tool. Journal of

Food Protection: Vol.

70, pp. 1445-1456.

AND Ingham et al.,

2008. Predicting

pathogen growth

during short-term

temperature abuse

of raw sausage.

Accepted for

publication by

Journal of Food

Protection.

OR

2. Product exposed

to a designated

maximum room

temperature and

returned to

refrigeration (meat


of 41°F or lower)

within a time

2. The room temperature

will be measured at the

start of each lot (earliest

of steps 5, 6, 8, 9, or 10)

and at the end of each lot

(last of the packaged

product enters cooler) by

the establishment owner or

designee using a calibrated

Raw, Ground Model


designated in the

table shown above.

thermometer. Note the

warmer of the two room

temperature measurements.

Within the Critical Limit

time for this temperature

(time elapsed since start of

the lot) the product

temperature will be

measured using a calibrated

thermometer by the


designee.















grouping.

Raw, Ground Model


Sign and date at initial acceptance, modification, or annual reassessment.

Signed Date Signed Date

Signed Date Signed Date

Raw, Ground Model


Product Temperature Log

Product

ID

CCP

#

and

date

Start Time of Lot and

Room Temp or Meat

Temp and

Initials

End Time of Lot and

Room Temp or Meat

Temp and

Initials

Product Temp.

when back in

cooler and

Time and

Initials

Devn.

from

CL?

(Y if

yes, N

if no)§

Pre-Shipment Review

Signature

Date

Verification

Date/Time

Activity*/Initials

= Acceptable

§ If “Y”, then document corrective action in corrective action log.

* RR = Records Review (weekly). CAL = thermometer calibration, DO = Direct Observation of monitoring (Monthly)

Raw, Ground Model


Raw, Ground Model

Corrective Action Log

Product: Lot ID:

Date / Time: Responsible Person:

Deviation:

Cause of Deviation:

Cause of Deviation

Eliminated By:

CCP Under Control

After Corrective

Actions Taken:

Preventative Measures:

Product Disposition:

Verification (Records Review) by and Date: ________________________________

Raw, Ground Model


Thermometer Calibration Log

Date Time Test

Therm.

ID#

Reference

Therm.

Reading

Test

Therm.

Reading

Adjustments Required

(yes/no)

Comments Initials

Thermometers intended for measuring higher temperature items, such as cooked product, will be calibrated in hot water,

while those used for taking lower temperatures will be calibrated in ice water. All thermometers will be calibrated within +

or – 2 degrees F.

Raw, Ground Model


SOP for Calibration of Thermometer

Processor or Designee will calibrate the thermometers prior to use by using

the specifications of the manufacture of the equipment (this will vary) or

the following procedures will be implemented.

Each thermometer will be assigned an ID number.

Thermometers intended for measuring higher temperature items, such as

cooked product, will be calibrated in hot water, while those used for taking

lower temperatures will be calibrated in ice water. All thermometers will be

calibrated within + or – 2 degrees F.

Thermometers in use will be checked against a certified thermometer during

calibration, if available. Otherwise, all thermometers will be calibrated

either against each other, or against a thermometer that is used only during

calibration. These methods would require a minimum of three thermometers

for accuracy. Dial thermometers will not be calibrated on both the high and

low ends on the range it is intended to read to assure accuracy.

Calibration in ice water:

1. Add crushed ice and water to a clean container to form a watery

slush.

2. Place thermometer probe into slush for at least one minute, taking

care to not let the probe contact the container.

3. If the thermometer does not read between 30 degrees and 34

degrees F., adjust to 32 degrees. Nonadjustable thermometers

will be removed from use until they have been professionally

serviced. Thermometers that have been adjusted for 3 consecutive

months will be replaced.

4. Record the results, using actual values, on the thermometer

calibration log, along with the date and initials of the person

performing the calibration procedure.

Calibration in hot water:

1. Heat a clean container of water to a temperature range that is

used for cooked product. Running clean water through the coffee

maker gives a water temperature of approximately 145 degrees F.

Raw, Ground Model


Another option is to bring a clean container of water to a rolling

boil.

2. Place the thermometer probe into the hot water, along with the

certified thermometer and/or reference thermometer, for at

least one minute, taking care not to let the probe contact the

container.

3. If the test thermometer does not read within + or – 2 degrees of

the reference thermometer, adjust accordingly. Nonadjustable

thermometers will be removed from use until they have been

professionally serviced. Thermometers that have been adjusted

for 3 consecutive months will be replaced.

4. Record the results, using actual values, on the thermometer

calibration log, along with the date and initials of the person

performing the calibration procedure.

Thermometers that cannot be easily calibrated through direct immersion in

either ice water or hot water can be calibrated by comparing readings with

another calibrated thermometer. Thermometers that may be calibrated in

this way include smokehouse probes and room temperature thermometers.

When doing this, a recently calibrated thermometer will be used as the

reference. Room temperature thermometers that are outside the + or – 2

degree F. range will be replaced. Smokehouse probes that are outside the +

or – 2 degree F. range will be professionally serviced. Results will be

recorded, using actual values, on the thermometer calibration log, along with

the date and initials of the person performing the calibration procedure.

Thermometers will be calibrated at a frequency dependent on production

volumes, and use of monitoring CCP values or SOP values. Any thermometer

that has been dropped or abused will be taken out of service until it has

been recalibrated. Any “loose” thermometers, or thermometers that have

been out of calibration for 3 consecutive months, shall be disposed of.

Raw, Ground Model


Temperature Measurement Procedures

When performing the monitoring procedure for a CCP, a calibrated

thermometer will be used in pieces of product in various areas of the

storage area. For instance, when monitoring the final internal temperature

of a batch of breakfast sausage patties, a temperature reading will be taken

from a piece in the middle of the storage shelf or lug, as well as one from

the top and one from the bottom. Depending on where the “hot spots” may

be in a particular storage area, product temperatures may also be taken

from the front and rear of a shelf or lug. The HACCP plan may be written

that all monitored product temperatures will be recorded, or just the

highest temperature of the specified number of pieces monitored will be

recorded. The number of pieces temped will depend on the product and the

storage or processing area. Actual values will be documented on the official

HACCP record, along with the monitor’s initials, the date, and the time the

procedure was performed.

Raw, Ground Model


SOP for Receiving and Storage

Raw Meat/Poultry and Natural Casings

We will only accept product from an approved source.

All containers will be inspected for visible evidence of contamination

or damage that may allow contamination. All contaminated or damaged

product will be rejected.

The product temperature will be checked for 2 boxes per load by

placing a calibrated thermometer between two wrapped or bagged

products or by inserting a cleaned and sanitized (and calibrated)

thermometer into the product or between product pieces. Products

that are not warmer than 50ºF will be accepted. Products that are

not warmer than 50ºF will be accepted. Products that are between 50

and 75ºF will either be rejected outright or evaluated. Evaluation may

include organoleptic evaluation, review of time/temperature

information obtained from the shipper, consulting a process authority,

or accepting the product and performing a microbiological analysis.

Product should be properly refrigerated/frozen if it is accepted

pending the end of the evaluation. If the evaluation indicates that

the product could be used to safely make cooked items, it can be

accepted and used only in this way. No product with temperature over

75ºF will be accepted. All temperatures and evaluations will be

recorded on incoming invoices.

All invoices will be checked, initialed, and kept on file for review.

Accepted products will be immediately placed on designated

racks/shelves in the cooler or freezer.

All coolers will be maintained to hold a temperature of 41ºF or lower,

with daily monitoring and documentation.

All freezers will be maintained to hold a temperature of 0ºF or lower,


Perishable Non-Meat Ingredients





The product temperature will be checked for 2 boxes per load by

placing a calibrated thermometer between two wrapped or bagged

products or by inserting a cleaned and sanitized (and calibrated)

Raw, Ground Model


thermometer into the product or between product pieces. Products

that are not warmer than 50ºF will be accepted. Products that are

between 50 and 75ºF will either be rejected outright or evaluated.

Evaluation may include organoleptic evaluation, review of

time/temperature information obtained from the shipper, consulting a

process authority, or accepting the product and performing a

microbiological analysis. Product should be properly

refrigerated/frozen if it is accepted pending the end of the

evaluation. If the evaluation indicates that the product could be used

to safely make cooked items, it can be accepted and used only in this

way. No product with temperature over 75ºF will be accepted. All

temperatures and evaluations will be recorded on incoming invoices.

All invoices will be checked, initialed, and kept on file for review.

Accepted products will be immediately placed on designated

racks/shelves in the cooler or freezer.

Perishable non-meat items will be stored separately (different cooler,

rack, or shelf) from raw meat/poultry and natural casings.





Non-Perishable Non-Meat Ingredients





Product containers will be marked with the date of receipt and stored

on designated shelves/racks in the dry storage area. The “First In,

First Out” principle will be followed in using ingredients.

The acceptance of the product will be recorded on the incoming

product invoice. All invoices will be checked, initialed, and kept on file

for review.

Packaging Materials, Cleaning Supplies, other non-ingredient items


Raw, Ground Model





Product containers will be marked with the date of receipt and stored

on designated shelves/racks in the packaging storage area or chemical

storage area, as appropriate. The “First In, First Out” principle will

be followed in using packaging materials, cleaning supplies, and other

non-ingredient items..

The acceptance of the product will be recorded on the incoming

product invoice. All invoices will be checked, initialed, and kept on file

for review.

Raw, Ground Model


SOP for Finished Product Storage

Once meat/poultry items are packaged and labeled, they will be

master-packed (if appropriate), and immediately moved into either dry

storage (jerky and other shelf-stable products), refrigerated storage,

or frozen storage.





Finished raw products will be stored separately from finished Ready-

To-Eat (RTE) products, either in separate coolers/freezers/rooms, or

on physically separate racks/shelves.

Finished RTE products will NEVER be stored below finished or

unfinished raw products.

No products (finished or unfinished) will be stored on the floor.

Raw, Ground Model


SOP for Tempering/Thawing of Frozen Materials

1. Place frozen product in a tempering room or cooler that is maintained

at 50ºF or colder and allow product to thaw or reach desired level of

tempering. The following additional time guideline will be followed:

If the room temperature is greater than 41ºF but not

above 50ºF, thawed product must be cooled to 41ºF or

colder within 8 hours of thawing.

2. Alternatively, frozen ground beef or whole chickens may tempered

or thawed at a temperature greater than 50ºF but not greater than

normal room temperature (72ºF) with the following restrictions:

Ground beef portions of at least 1 pound in size may be

tempered/thawed for up to 9 h.

Whole chickens of at least 3.7 pounds in size may be

tempered/thawed for up to 9 h.

Thawed product must be cooled to 41ºF or colder within

2 hours of thawing.

3. Tempering/thawing conditions warmer than 72ºF must be evaluated to

ensure that the pathogenic bacterial growth will not occur on the

products.

4. The tempering/thawing product will be monitored on a scheduled basis to

prevent product drip and loss of package integrity, and to ensure that

product drip does not contaminate other products.

5. The product surface temperature will be monitored and documented on a

scheduled basis to ensure that the guidelines listed above are met.

6. When possible, the outer layer of trim and/or pieces being thawed will be

removed and refrigerated. This process will be repeated as often as

necessary to ensure that the outer surface of the thawing mass is not

held for an unsafe length of time at temperatures that could allow

pathogen growth.

7. The lot code of frozen product that has been purchased from an outside

vendor will be recorded on a batch sheet or production log (before

tempering/thawing) for use in product tracking if the vendor institutes a

recall.

raw , ground model - center for meat process validation

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