CJ3ack to fhe CWalls of Jori Buijarros ~onaL1 v JWay

Scientists from the Fort Guijarros Museum those tiles and proposed hypotheses to explain the Foundation have returned with the blesSImiddotIu -t1ImiddotmiddotmiddotllI Buchanan and May provided a US Navy to solve the puzzle of theOOIt1s1~m~ti(m ~~~~~~~~~middotmiddotLIH to the US Navy Facilities Engishythe walls of San Diegos old IJH~ Arlington Virginia as a part of Lorna Lost for over 80 tectural remains on IJ of Professionalgained the Foundation ~~CI~~VJ State Historic

After six years recommendashypieces of tiles m(JIr-l~lT Murphy US approached the permit in June Research the walls for a is a translashyology Ron (ret) of rock cement A friend exact proce translated aKumeyaay I~lUi111

to havefortification Lt

werecan A 1 n gtII gic placesCalifornia these basshywas builtin

Diego theshore cannon the Spanish nFo Old Town

A garrison March 22 1803gt11smuggling s J~I1)jlJH San Diego Vista resident Joaquin de la captain of the ship ~i~[illl~0~rJ~T~Tmiddot years it was nick-March to COlnmlenlOra~itl1le ~wj~tt~UJ~umiddot means cobblestone shared heritage States is funded by grants

The 1981 archaeologicalmiddotltmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot Museum Foundation and a ered about 1200 pieces of SIIIhtptturmiddotmiddottrI gt 0 County of San Diego Community Retired US Navy Public Works Civil Eilmiddotgimiddotrle~rmiddottc~middotre(l J1Jl)-C~UC11 Fund The Foundation provided field Buchanan has examined a significant n hmiddotmiddotmiddot-~ middotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddotmiddot~middot~~middotl photographic expenses and honorariums

Society for California ~rchaeology

NEWSLETTER Volume 21 Number 5 September 1987

1

II

for special analyses The County provided $1000 for traveling community exhibits publication of the disshycoveries promotion of the March Battle of San Diego Bay Day in 1988 and educational packets for the school systems

Since June of 1987 Foundation scientists have worked Saturdays from 1000 AM to 400 PM on Balshylast Point on the US Naval Submarine Base Speshycial arrangements have been made with the Comshymanding Officer of the base for the scientists to enter

On July 4th the team began to uncover the layer of thousands of broken fired adobe tiles These were exposed in 1981 but left in place for future scientific study Buchanan has raised engineering questions that simply cannot be addressed with photographs and notes from the earlier work The strategy will be to map catalog measure and code each tile accordshying to its probable architectural function Dirt between the tiles will be screened to search for evishydence as to when the wall was demolished

Current theory has it that Fort Guijarros was occupied by Spanish and Mexican soldiers until 1835 Sentries fired salutes to incoming ships until the Mexican War of 1846 when American forces capshytured its guns to use in the siege of San Diego A retired Mexican soldier Juan Machado bought salshyvage rights in 1840 and may have broken the breastshyworks in the recovery oftimber and tiles Machado used some of the material in building adobe homes in Old Town However an 1843 sketch clearly shows the walls standing three years after Machados salshyvage

Yankee whalers occupied Ballast Point from 1858 to 1873 as a base for whale hunting and oil rendering operations Hundreds of thousands of gallons of oil passed over the beaches on route to San Francisco and Boston The Johnson Company built a barracks atop the ruins of Fort Guijarros and may have pushed the breastworks over the walls

The US Army evicted the Packard Company and Johnson Company in 1873 to construct an immense Civil War-style fortification to defend San Diego from foreign invasion The engineers avoided the ruins of Fort Guijarros as an historical landshymark Congress cut the funding before the Army

NEXT NEWS DEAdLiNE

OCTobER 2~ 1987

could install its IS diameter Rodman guns

When Fort Rosecrans was finally built by the US Army in 1898 the Corps of Engineers carefully avoided damaging the site of Fort Guijarros and buried it under tons of sand Army artifacts which accumulated over the ruins were not intentionally dumped on the landmark but rather in ignorance of its presence In decades following World Wars I and II the authorities who knew of its presence died and its precise location was forgotten

In 1981 the US Navy invited six non-profit organizations in San Diego to discuss monumenting and preserving the site of the legendary Spanish fort Officers from the Casa de Espaiia San Diego Historishycal Society San Diego County Archaeological Society Cabrillo Historical Association E Clampus Vitus and Center for Regional History met with Commanshyder John C Hinkle to plan the research The scienshytific investigation began in the summer of 1981 and the Fort Guijarros Museum Foundation incorporated after the discovery of the walls

A unique organization on the San Diego scene the Foundation takes its museum exhibits out into the community Glass cases of artifacts with pictures and text have been exhibited in the Ocean Beach branch of the Bank of America Point Loma branches of Great American Savings and Glendale Savings Poirtt Loma High School the San Diego City Library and the City and County Administration Buildings more exhibits are planned Scientists also provide free lectures to civic groups schools and talk groups

In March the Foundation began publication of the Fort Guijarros Quarterly to share its discoveries with all of San Diego The Spring issue featured an overview of all the history on Ballast Point and how the artifacts played associated roles The recent Summer issue included a report by Jean Krase on the pottery and dish ware types used by the Indians Spanish Mexican Yankee whalers and US Army The Fall issue will include reports on the diets as evishydence by analyzed bird fish and animal bones

The Summer 1987 excavation will continue until September The Annual Fort Guijarros Fiesta is scheduled for September 19 from 500 PM to 1000 PM and invites all who are interested to visit the excavations exhibits and join in a paella dinner The fiesta will also feature Spanish folk dancing Spanish guitar music and a slide lecture by renowned Mission Period archaeologist Vance Bente The lecture will compare Fort Guijarros with research at the Presidio of Santa Barbara People interested in receiving an invitation should leave a message on the foundation answering machine at (619) 294-3262 This will be the only opportunity for public viewing of the ruins of Fort Guijarros

2

OAk KNOll HisTORic DATA

RECOVERY PROjECT

KlAMATIt NATioNAL FOREST

During the 1986-1987 field season Winthrop Associates excavated two small depression-era cabins on the Klamath National Forest in mountainous northern California (sites CA-SIS-1143 and CA-SISshy1144) Significant aspects of the study included (1) a focus on the archaeology of the Great Depression which has received relatively little study (2) identifishycation of a self-sufficient poverty emphasizing subshysistence mining as a distinctive culture pattern in this montane region (3) efforts to define archaeologishycal assemblages characteristic of depression-era sties and (4) the need for an interdisciplinary approach (including history ethnography and archaeology) for investigating archaeological sites from our recent past Sites such as these may represhysent social and economic patterns common in rural montane California areas which are poorly represhysented in syntheses of California history

Copies of the report Oak Knoll Historic Data Recovery Project are available from Coyote Press

SEALEd-CONTEXT HisTORic SiTE

EXCAVATEd iN ORANGE COUNTY While monitoring the construction of the Baker

Memorial Golf Course at Mile Square Park in Orange County Chambers Group Inc discovered an important historic site buried under five feet of Santa Ana River floodplain sand and silt The site was disshycovered during the excavation of one of the golf course lakes With the full cooperation of American Golf Corporation Chambers tested and performed data recovery operations in May-June 1987 under the direction of Philip de Barros Gary Hurd and Henry Koerper Preliminary results indicate possishybly two temporal episodes dating to the 1870s and 1880s The first episode appears to have consisted of hide and tallow processing by Hispanics Features include a campfire with wind deflector several oven features a burnt bone midden a trash midden greasy charcoal zones and the foundations of a woodshyen ramada Artifactual material included domestishycated animal bone shell glass Anglo-American Mexican and missionware ceramics metal items historic beads and buttons

The second episode involved a wattle and daub structure which was burnt to the ground while still occupied by what were probably one or more Chinese The fire appears to have started in the roof area The site was quickly buried by floodwater deposits of the Santa Ana River and was thus in a well-preshyserved context The structure was excavated almost in its entirety and produced a Chinese iron a Chishynese lock primarily Chinese pottery shoe fragments numerous metal items a sewing kitijewelry box feashyture containing a thimble finger rings medicine botshytles (one of which may still have pills in it) and bone shell and glass buttons and fragments from two carved bone utensil handles Historic documentation for the area during this period suggests that it is very likely that the Chinese structure was intentionshyally set afire Artifactual and ecofactual material are currently being analyzed and a report should be out by early next year

SACRAMENTO RivER MiNiNG

CAMP SItASTA COUNTY Historical archaeological investigations were conshy

ducted in the summer of 1985 at CA-SHA-1450 by Trudy Vaughan of Coyote and Fox Enterprises Redshyding The site is an historic gold mining complex along the Sacramento River near Redding Shasta County California The study was pursued to mitishygate potential adverse effects to the site from an interpretive hiking trail planned by the City of Redshyding The work of mapping feature recording surshyface collection and test excavation was centered around five standing rock fireplaces and their associshyated artifact scatters which consisted primarily of broken embossed bottle fragments

Archival research of county records was unsucshycessful in locating the early claim in this area of placshyer and hydraulic mining but analysis of the timeshysensitive artifacts places the site occupation between 1877 and 1900 Test excavation trenches across pits in front of two of the rock fireplaces revealed burned wood square nails and evidence of cellar construcshytion

A total of 1476 individual bottles were identified 95 (65) medicine and bitters 20 (14) wine 19 (13) soda or sarsaparilla 8 (5) food and 5 (3) beer No whiskey bottles or fragments were recovshyered and it appears that the miners were using the medicine bottles for their alcohol consumption

Other mining sites have been recorded in northshy

II

I 1 ~

ern California with similar rock features some of which have been associated with Chinese camps but no similar grouping of these fireplaces is known to date CA-SHA-1450 is determined to have at least local historical significance The site will be protectshyed by a Cooperative Agreement between the Bureau of Land Management and the City of Redding which provides for monitoring the site Recommendations for further work include continued archival research and an analysis of the mining features and the techshynology employed

The final report has recently been printed and limited copies are available through the Bureau of Land Management Redding Resource Area

MissiON SANTA CLARA Santa Clara Universitys ongoing investigations

of the third site of the mission (1780-1820) were very successful during the summer of 1987 David R Huelsbeck and a crew of 20 professionals students and volunteers located and sampled several previousshyly undiscovered mission structures These included a mission canal the orchard wall the orchardists house an unidentified building and two rock-lined basins

The orchardists house (identified by documenshytary evidence) measures 11 by 17 meters One half of the building is divided into four small rooms and the other side of the building apparently was undivided The other newly discovered building has not yet been identified It is about 5 meters wide and more than 25 meters in length It has two superimposed adobe floors throughout and part of one room was tiled The tiles were removed possibly when many of the buildings at this site were abandoned after the 1818 earthquake

One of the rock-lined basins has been completely exposed and the other partially exposed The first measures 25 by 3 meters and the second probably is similar in size and shape based on a ground-peneshytrating radar survey of the area They are set in shallow pits (05 meters deep) and walled with apparshyently unshaped siltstone blocks mortared together One basin is floored with fired tiles and the other is floored with large sandstone cobbles covered with mortar and small siltstone chips The walls of the basins once extended above the surface of the ground to an undetermined height The walls were knocked down and the basins were filled with trash during the mission period The siltstone is of freshwater orishygin and is associated with diatomaceous earth deposits These basins are located near the mission canal and may be associated with tanning or fulling (Anyone with pertinent information or opinions is

encouraged to contact Dave Huelsbeck at Departshyment of AnthropologySociology Santa Clara Univershysity Santa Clara CA 95053)

Materials recovered during the summer include faunal remains beads an assortment of local and imported ceramics and large quantities of charred plant remains including seeds Analysis ofthis sumshymers data will begin in the fall

The public outreach efforts of the project also were very successful this year Media coverage inCluded two newspaper feature stories and two teleshyvision news stories free public tours were conducted on six Saturdays for a total of almost 500 visitors The project also received more than 50 person days of volunteer labor

MissiON SOLEdAd This summer saw the fifth season of excavations

at Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad (founded 1791) Monterey County California under the direcshytion of Dr Paul Farnsworth of the University of Calishyfornia Los Angeles Assisted by volunteers particishypants in the University Research Expeditions Proshygram (UREP) the social services crew from the Corshyrectional Training Facility Soledad and four years of UCLA summer Session field schools taught by Dr Douglas V Annstrong currently of Syracuse Univershysity the project has undertaken a thorough historical and archaeological study of the mission

The project included an extensive documentary research program working from primary Spanish records a search for pictoral records of the mission and the collection of oral histories relating to the misshysion and its surrounding region Most effort was expended in field archaeology including an extensive surface and subsurface sampling survey of the area around the existing central quadrangle leading to limited testing of the neophytes barracks long since destroyed but surviving below ground in the plowed fields adjacent to the mission Also excavated was the only known surviving portion of the missions once extensive aqueduct system located just outside the central quadrangle However most of the excashyvation effort was directed to the complete excavation of the mission quadrangles west wing which curshyrently lies in ruins The current seasons work comshypleted this objective

The documentary evidence is ambiguous about the functions of the two buildings which comprised the west wing and even the records of their construcshytion are missing falling between 1799 and 1809 for which the missions annual reports are lost The

excavation uncovered evidence of multiple building

4

phases and the locations of the missions blacksmith grist mill main gateway and kitchen in this wing in addition to at least six other rooms whose functions could not clearly be defined It is hoped that through the use of an 1834 inventory giving room functions and sizes it will be possible to deduce the functions of these rooms Also excavated were the padres privy and a series of garbage pits dating to the misshysions early years which promise to provide detailed information on diet at the mission during that time In addition considerable evidence of early structures buried beneath the later buildings was uncovered further expanding our knowledge of the missions earliest and least well document phases

The results of the first four seasons research are discussed in a PhD dissertation by Paul Farnsworth titled The Economics ofAcculturation in the Califorshynia Missions A Historical and Archaeological Study of Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad and are incorporated into a model relating the acculturation of the California Indians to changing Spanish coloshynial economic goals An excavation report incorposhyrating the current seasons data is to be published through the Institute of Archaeology UCLA while a number of articles for publication in a variety of proshyfessional journals are in preparation

MissiON SAN ANTONio California Polytechnic State University has now

completed its twelfth year of excavation at Mission San Antonio de Padua in southern Monterey County This year work commenced on the 1819 wing which served as a community kitchen and residence for the single men This structure was discontinuous with the married neophyte dormitory to the north the intervening space being used for refuse disposal The building was approximately 5 meters in width conshysisting of the usual cobble foundations surmounted by unfired adobe bricks There were few roof tiles as most had been removed in the 1840s by Mariano Soberanes for his ranch The interior of the northshyeast corner of the building contained two rows of complete roof tiles that had been stacked vertically in preparation for removal

A second nearby area of excavation revealed the actual kitchen including a row of unfired adobe bricks topped by fired ladrillos Such stoves had depressions for holding pots and pans and internal firing chambers There was a large ash feature in front of the stove where the chambers were periodishycally swept out and recharged In defining the intershynal dimensions of the kitchen a large stone metate an iron griddle charred plant remains and several baked clay effigies were recovered The excavation may represent the first Spanish stove of this type to

be archaeologically excavated in California Work will continue on this feature in future years

Los ENCiNOS STATE HiSTORic PARk Los ANGELES COUNTY A limited scope excavation was successfully

accomplished at Los Encinos State Historic Park over a two week period in April and May 1987 under the direction of State Park Regional Archaeologist Michael Sampson Lands comprising the park in urban Encino served various purposes primarily farming from the 1840s up to modern times The project yielded the remains of a previously undocushymented farm outbuilding dating to the ca 1870s The remains include a floor of tabular slabs of local limestone measuring 165 by 115 feet the stone slabs had been carefully laid together Artifact finds suggest the former presence of a wood structure over the stone floor though nothing definitive regarding building function Historic research compiled for the Encino area in 1980 by John Elliot indicates that farm laborers had living quarters very close to or perhaps at the site of the stone floor during the late 1800s No photographs or written records lend more definitive evidence for the presence of a building here however The artifactual yield from this project currently is being processed by State Park archaeoloshygists Local interest in the project resulted in many visitors coming to observe the excavations as well as a positive article in the local newspaper

COLONEL ALLENSWORTI-t STATE HiSTORic PARk TuLARE COUNTY

Archaeological and documentary research are ongoing during the reconstruction of buildings at Col Allensworth State Historic Park in the southern San Joaquin Valley The only planned Black community in California the town was founded as an agrarian colony in 1908 by Col Allen Allensworth a chaplain and educator who was born a slave The town flourshyished with a school library post office hotel livery stable retail stores and a railway depot that served as a shipping center for the surrounding area By the early 1920s however farms and businesses were being abandoned as the water table dropped and railshyway freight was diverted to another depot The thriving community envisioned by CoL Allensworth and the towns pioneers ended although the site conshytinued as a rural settlement into the 1960s

When the California Department of Parks and Recreation acquired the townsite in 1974 only the

school building and a few residences were still standshying The Department has since restored or reconshystructed the school Col Allensworths residence the library two retail stores and most recently the Hindsman and Smith homes Outbuildings on the Smith lot have also been reconstructed a small bam smokehouse chicken pen separator house and privy

Archaeological testing at the Smith lot revealed the corner posts of the barn and the area of the smokehouse both buildings were present before 1920 The artifacts recovered however were mainly fragments from 1940s-1050s trash scatters As an irony not untypical of field work the Office of State Architects construction crew removing the deterioshyrated back porch addition of the Smith house uncovshyered a trash deposit which included 55 whole bottles Their dates of manufacture range from 1900-1010 to the 1940s Several styles were designed for local wineries including an unusually ornate bottle patented by a Fresno vintner in 1940

For information on the Allensworth project or the bottle assemblage contact Betty Rivers State Archaeology Laboratory 2572 Port Street West Sacramento CA 95691

EMpLOYMENT OPPORTUNiTY Chambers Group Inc seeks several field archaeshy

ologists with previous experience in Fresno County to work on a data recovery project in the Sierra foothills Fieldwork will run from October 5-23 1987 Applicants from the Fresno area with previous exposure to Valley Fever are preferred but other applicants will be considered Send vita address and phone number and a copy of skin test results for Valshyley Fever (whether positive or negative) to Dr Philip de Barros Chambers Group Inc 2933-B Pullman St Santa Ana CA 92705 (Tel 7141261-5414 ext 25) Skin tests can be administered by your physician by a lab referred by your physician or at the Valley Medical Center in the Fresno area Those who have already had Valley Fever may substitute a signed physicians statement to that effect

A PlEA fOR HELp bullbullbull Since I am very interested in antique tobacco

pipes I would like to know whether you can help me with my research

As you probably know it is very difficult to find literature on tobacco pipes Therefore I would like to ask you whether you can provide me with some artishycles that have been published in the archaeological journals

Also of interest are addresses of museums with pipe collections and other archaeological societies

Thank you for your help

Bert van der Lingen Hollandse kade 1B 3651 LS Woerdense Verlaat The Netherlands

LETTER TO TIiE EdiTOR Dear Editor

It is no wonder that proponents of S 7 (the Cranston bill which would create an National Park in the East Mojave Desert California) are concerned that fragile resources are not being protected under current administration when a blatant example of resource abuse lies right under the newly construct Bureau of Land Management office in Needles Archaeological remains were knowingly destroyed during the construction of this office The BLM Manshyager acting in a conflicting role as the Citys Envishyronmental Review Commissioner made a motion to ignore the archaeologists recommendations for removing the artifacts prior to earth leveling activishyties for the BLM office site

While the approximately $300000 Needles BLM office building (which win cost taxpayers over a milshylion dollars in rent in the next 10 years as the BLM will never own it) was being constructed the $200 chain barrier stolen from Ft Paiute (one of two 100shyyear old historic sites in the East Mojave Desert on the National Register) went unrepaired for lack of funds

The BLM Desert Plan provides a wonderful wellshybalanced set of rules for the maintenance of nonshyrenewable desert resources yet it is responsible manshyagement which is the key to whether these rules are implemented or not A more rational and economicalshyly sound approach to the East Mojave problem is not to change the rules again but to put managers in charge who are primarily concerned with implementshying the Desert Plan rather than building palaces in the desert

R A Musser-Lopez 420 E Street Needles CA 92363

6

I

SCA EXECUTivE BOARd MEETiNGS SET

SCA President Susan Hector has set Executive Board meetings for the following dates

October 10 1987 January 16 1988 March 24 1988

Because most board members live in Southern California most meetings will be in the south posshysibly at UCLA The March 24 1988 meeting will be in Redding during the Annual Meetings Also a meeting may be scheduled with the Southern Data Sharing Meetings Contact Susan or any of the other officers for details

NORTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

1 1981 AT UC DAVis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322-1506 for

additional information

7

SOUTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

10 1981 AT UCLA

The Southern California Data Sharing Meetings will be held in room 51 in the basement of Kinsey Hall on the UCLA campus Coffee and donuts at 830 AM presentations begin at 900 and continue till 400 An SCA Executive Board Meeting is scheduled between 400 and 600 PM UCLAs archaeology labs will be open for tours and a social gathering after the meeting will be held in the graduate student lounge on the same floor

Anyone interested in presenting a paper is invitshyed to submit a short outline and title Presentations should be limited to 15-20 minutes in length (a slide projector will be available)

No registration fee will be charged however there is a $300 parking fee Speakers will receive free parking passes

Presentation outlines must be submitted by Octoshyber 3 to be considered Send outlines to John Parker Archaeology Survey Institute of Archaeology UCLA Los Angeles CA 90024 For information call (213) 825-1720 or 644-6141

J

middotl

t

A PERTiNENT LETTER

fROM TI-tE OREGON SHPO May 181987

Sara Scott CH2M Hill PO Box 428 Corvallis OR 97339

RE Newsletter Article [Association of Oregon Archaeologists Newsletter - ed]

Dear Ms Scott

Here in the SHPO Office we have noticed an increased number of excavations in Oregon on sites that have not been given permanent Smithsonian style numbers from the State Historic Preservation Office This numbering system was created so that everyone would use the same data system and would know exactly which site was being tested and where it is located with no chance of confusion Professionshyals should refuse to do any work on a site unless it has a permanent Smithsonian number No agency work should be done without a permanent Smithsoshynian number on a site and these numbers should be used in the cataloging system for the artifacts

No site number will be given without a site form but we will take temporary hand written forms so that you can get numbers and we will phone you the numshybers once we get the forms to expedite the process [It is] the opinion of the SHPO office that there is no excuse for not using a permanent number on an archaeological site and on all of the data and notes used in any kind of testing on any archaeological site within the State of Oregon

Sincerely

signed

Dr Leland Gilsen SHPO Archaeologist

[Editors note At the suggestion of the California Office of Historic Preservation the SCA resolved more than five years ago to use only proper trinomishyals in the Newsletter and other SCA publications]

NEXT NEWS DEAdLiNE

OCTobER 2~ 1981

Tl-tiRd CAlifORNiA

INdiAN CONfERENCE

The Third California Indian Conference will be held October 16-181987 at the Santa Barbara Museshyum of Natural History This year the conference is co-sponsored by the Museum in cooperation with the University of California Santa Barbara Departshyments of Anthropology and Linguistics

The conference has been organized to foster sharshying of information regarding the culture of Native Californians Contributing papers cover a wide range of fields including ethnography history linguistics archaeology folklore and issues of concern to conshytemporary California Indians

This year ten symposia have been planned for the conference (see list below) In addition to planned symposia there is time available for volunteered papers

There will be a registration fee of $2500 at the meetings (students $1500) For more information contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105

Planned Symposia

(1) Critical Issues in California Ethnography (Lowshyell Bean CSU Hayward)

(2) Folklore and Mythology (William Simmons UC Berkeley Anthropology Department)

(3) Contemporary Linguistic Studies (Marianne Mithun UCSB Linguistics Department)

(4) Linguistic Prehistory (Michael Glassow UCSB Anthropology Department)

(5) Rock Art Studies (William Hyder UCSB Anthropology Department)

(6) Indians and Anthropologists Working Together (Dorothea Theodoratus CSU Sacramento Anthropolshyogy Department)

(7) Material Culture Studies (Clinton Blount Theodoratus Cultural Resources)

(8) Native Californian Museums (Hartman Lomawaima Lowie Museum of Anthropology)

(9) The Evolution of Chumash Social Complexity (Thomas Blackburn Cal Poly Pomona)

(10) Important Research Issues in Native Californishyan Studies (Victor Golla George Washington Univershysity Linguistics Department)

8

BLM TAkES ACTioN TO PROshyTECT ARCI1AEOLoGicAL VALuES

Bureau of Land Management law enforcement officers found 14 locations where archaeological valshyues were being damaged during a recent aerial sweep of central and eastern Oregon northeastern Califorshynia and northwest Nevada

Public agencies are paying particular attention to the regions archaeological values Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt has proclaimed July 12-18 as Oreshygon Archaeological Resources Protection week

BLMs Oregon-Washington State Director Bill Luscher said the recent sweep was the first phase of the largest aerial surveillance and detection program ever planned in archaeological enforcement It is part of BLMs Operation SAVE-Save Archaeological Values for Everyone He said the public can report archaeological looting or vandalism by calling a tollshyfree number 1-800-333-SAVE

Luscher said that the areas flown have traditionshyally been the targets of illegal artifact collecting During the sweep agents seized 70 artifacts which had been removed illegally from public lands Those involved were cited or warned

MESSAGE fROM TI1E PRESidENT I hope everyone had a restful summer and is now

ready to get back to work We have spent the sumshymer acting on some of the issues raised during the last Executive Board meeting The results are preshysented below

1 I have a happy announcement to make Jim Woodward has agreed to come back as chair of the Membership Committee Jim was very successful in promoting the SCA when he served in this capacity a few years ago I am optimistic that the Board can work with Jim to come up with some new ideas for increasing our membership especially among stushydents If you have any ideas about the membership please drop me a note or give me a call

2 All of the students should be writing their papers for submittal to the SCA Student Paper Award Data papers will be cheerfully accepted This is an excelshylent opportunity to practice preparing papers for pubshylication as well as to garner recognition for original research Please consider submitting for this award

3 The guidelines for preparation of the Proceedings papers will be ready soon and will be mailed to authors who notified me before the deadline I anticshyipate a healthy volume will be available in Redding

4 I encourage all to attend their local Data Sharing meetings These meetings are a great opportunity to meet people and talk about regional issues To those who will prepare papers to present at the meetings I encourage you to expand or edit the reports for preshysentation in Redding The Data Sharing meetings can be a good forum for presenting preliminary data or ideas for later expansion Perhaps you can form symposia with like-minded individuals you meet at the Data Sharing meeting

S Please submit brief notes or comments on any recent archaeological work that you have been involved in to the Newsletter editors Everyone has been so busy doing the work that the reports of results have been scarce It only takes a few minutes to jot down a paragraph or two on your efforts Also reference the report(s) that would describe the work more completely The following is an example of what I mean

TI1E PiPER RANCI1 HOUSE CiTY of SAN DiEGO

I have recently been involved through RECON in a historic project directed toward preserving some of San Diegos rural past The Piper Ranch House is located two miles from the Mexican border on Otay Mesa in San Diego County The house dates to the late 1880s and was built by the Piper family who until recently still liven on the property Between 1870 and 1890 numerous farming communities were established in San Diego County This was due to real estate promotion and the lure of inexpensive agricultural land Otay Mesa was promoted as a rich farmland with high potential for cereal and fruit production Promoters planned to bring water to pershymit extensive farming In 1887 the Piper family filed a 160-acre timber claim after moving south from Orange County By 1890 Otay Mesa was an estabshylished community with a school church post office and blacksmith shop The Alta School District was organized in January 1886 the site of the school is still preserved on City ofSan Diego property

Otay Mesa was settled by German Lutheran famshyilies few of which still live in this rapidly developing area The Piper family was one of the few to remain when drought defeated many farmers The Piper home is a folk architectural style known as an I house It has steep front- and back-facing centered gables The house retains its original front porch and interior floors and wood panelling The eucalyptus grove next to the house is part of the original timber claim filed by the Pipers in 1887

It is hoped that the house can be moved before it

9

is destroyed through development In the event that on-site preservation is not possible a HABS-Ievel record is being made of the ranch house The house was documented by Stephen Van Wormer and William manley who drew detailed plans of the structure Photographs were taken of the interior and exterior by the noted preservation photographer Marvin Rand A report is in preparation describing the house and the importance of preserving informashytion from the rural past

ANdERSON MARSh STATE

HiSTORic PARk

This summers field season marked the fourth year that the Cultural Heritage Council has run Archaeological and Native American Culture Field Schools at the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park The program began in 1984 with a $40000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities

During the past four years 150 students have learned about California Native American culture and archaeology This years 20 students ranged in age from 11 to over 50 years They came from all over California and as far away as Iowa

During the first week of the program particishypants learned how to manufacture stone tools tule huts and mats shell beads bamboo whistles clapper sticks and much more

The second week was spent on archaeological site CA-LAK-589 where the students learned to locate map and collect artifacts from both a surface grid and from excavations Materials recovered were brought to the field lab where students washed sortshyed identified weighed and cataloged their discovershyies The final step was entering the artifact data into the computer

The archaeological work is limited to mapping and collecting surface artifacts The entire 72000 square meter site has been mapped in 30 meter blocks Each 30 meter block is broken into 10 meter squares Students are assigned a 10 meter square and must grid map and collect all surface artifacts from each square and perform a 10 cm deep excavashytion of the northwest 2 x 2 meter square in their grid

In four years 4200 square meters of CA-LAKshy589 have been systematically mapped and collectshyed-this represents 575 of the total site area The data collected provides a Table of Contents for the site as a whole Already we are getting an idea of what portions of the site were utilized during differshyent time periods

Out of the 1000 artifacts cataloged this year 16 were stone tool specimens known to represent certain time periods Six small Rattlesnake corner-notched points represent the period from 1200 years ago to 1830 Five Houx non-stemmed points three Willits stemmed points and one deep concave base point indicate habitation between 6000 and 1200 years ago The most interesting of the stone tools found this season was half of a crescent (see drawing) Crescents are generally indicative of 9000 to 12000 year old habitation Although this years crescent was made from chert obsidian crescent fragments from previous years have returned hydration readshyings between 83 and 97 microns

In addition to the prehistoric material a broken 1860 beer bottle hundreds of square nails broken pieces of medicine bottles early forms of barbed wire and lots of cow bones were recovered Not far away were found a bent and broken pair of spectacles datshying from the 1800s

Park Ranger Floyd Lemleys historical research turned up an 1850s cabin in the general vicinity We hope that a study of the distribution of historic artishyfacts and square nails will tell us if this was the locashytion of the 1850 cabin

Materials recovered by the Cultural Heritage Council Archaeological Program have prompted the writing of three articles and numerous professional presentations concerning the archaeology of the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park and the Clear Lake Basin in general The lithic faunal and historshyical materials are available to researchers who have an interest in the prehistory of this area For more information contact Breck Parkman (707) 576-2332 or John Parker (213) 644-6141

) -- shy

Drawing by Pat Peterson

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

OAk KNOll HisTORic DATA

RECOVERY PROjECT

KlAMATIt NATioNAL FOREST

During the 1986-1987 field season Winthrop Associates excavated two small depression-era cabins on the Klamath National Forest in mountainous northern California (sites CA-SIS-1143 and CA-SISshy1144) Significant aspects of the study included (1) a focus on the archaeology of the Great Depression which has received relatively little study (2) identifishycation of a self-sufficient poverty emphasizing subshysistence mining as a distinctive culture pattern in this montane region (3) efforts to define archaeologishycal assemblages characteristic of depression-era sties and (4) the need for an interdisciplinary approach (including history ethnography and archaeology) for investigating archaeological sites from our recent past Sites such as these may represhysent social and economic patterns common in rural montane California areas which are poorly represhysented in syntheses of California history

Copies of the report Oak Knoll Historic Data Recovery Project are available from Coyote Press

SEALEd-CONTEXT HisTORic SiTE

EXCAVATEd iN ORANGE COUNTY While monitoring the construction of the Baker

Memorial Golf Course at Mile Square Park in Orange County Chambers Group Inc discovered an important historic site buried under five feet of Santa Ana River floodplain sand and silt The site was disshycovered during the excavation of one of the golf course lakes With the full cooperation of American Golf Corporation Chambers tested and performed data recovery operations in May-June 1987 under the direction of Philip de Barros Gary Hurd and Henry Koerper Preliminary results indicate possishybly two temporal episodes dating to the 1870s and 1880s The first episode appears to have consisted of hide and tallow processing by Hispanics Features include a campfire with wind deflector several oven features a burnt bone midden a trash midden greasy charcoal zones and the foundations of a woodshyen ramada Artifactual material included domestishycated animal bone shell glass Anglo-American Mexican and missionware ceramics metal items historic beads and buttons

The second episode involved a wattle and daub structure which was burnt to the ground while still occupied by what were probably one or more Chinese The fire appears to have started in the roof area The site was quickly buried by floodwater deposits of the Santa Ana River and was thus in a well-preshyserved context The structure was excavated almost in its entirety and produced a Chinese iron a Chishynese lock primarily Chinese pottery shoe fragments numerous metal items a sewing kitijewelry box feashyture containing a thimble finger rings medicine botshytles (one of which may still have pills in it) and bone shell and glass buttons and fragments from two carved bone utensil handles Historic documentation for the area during this period suggests that it is very likely that the Chinese structure was intentionshyally set afire Artifactual and ecofactual material are currently being analyzed and a report should be out by early next year

SACRAMENTO RivER MiNiNG

CAMP SItASTA COUNTY Historical archaeological investigations were conshy

ducted in the summer of 1985 at CA-SHA-1450 by Trudy Vaughan of Coyote and Fox Enterprises Redshyding The site is an historic gold mining complex along the Sacramento River near Redding Shasta County California The study was pursued to mitishygate potential adverse effects to the site from an interpretive hiking trail planned by the City of Redshyding The work of mapping feature recording surshyface collection and test excavation was centered around five standing rock fireplaces and their associshyated artifact scatters which consisted primarily of broken embossed bottle fragments

Archival research of county records was unsucshycessful in locating the early claim in this area of placshyer and hydraulic mining but analysis of the timeshysensitive artifacts places the site occupation between 1877 and 1900 Test excavation trenches across pits in front of two of the rock fireplaces revealed burned wood square nails and evidence of cellar construcshytion

A total of 1476 individual bottles were identified 95 (65) medicine and bitters 20 (14) wine 19 (13) soda or sarsaparilla 8 (5) food and 5 (3) beer No whiskey bottles or fragments were recovshyered and it appears that the miners were using the medicine bottles for their alcohol consumption

Other mining sites have been recorded in northshy

II

I 1 ~

ern California with similar rock features some of which have been associated with Chinese camps but no similar grouping of these fireplaces is known to date CA-SHA-1450 is determined to have at least local historical significance The site will be protectshyed by a Cooperative Agreement between the Bureau of Land Management and the City of Redding which provides for monitoring the site Recommendations for further work include continued archival research and an analysis of the mining features and the techshynology employed

The final report has recently been printed and limited copies are available through the Bureau of Land Management Redding Resource Area

MissiON SANTA CLARA Santa Clara Universitys ongoing investigations

of the third site of the mission (1780-1820) were very successful during the summer of 1987 David R Huelsbeck and a crew of 20 professionals students and volunteers located and sampled several previousshyly undiscovered mission structures These included a mission canal the orchard wall the orchardists house an unidentified building and two rock-lined basins

The orchardists house (identified by documenshytary evidence) measures 11 by 17 meters One half of the building is divided into four small rooms and the other side of the building apparently was undivided The other newly discovered building has not yet been identified It is about 5 meters wide and more than 25 meters in length It has two superimposed adobe floors throughout and part of one room was tiled The tiles were removed possibly when many of the buildings at this site were abandoned after the 1818 earthquake

One of the rock-lined basins has been completely exposed and the other partially exposed The first measures 25 by 3 meters and the second probably is similar in size and shape based on a ground-peneshytrating radar survey of the area They are set in shallow pits (05 meters deep) and walled with apparshyently unshaped siltstone blocks mortared together One basin is floored with fired tiles and the other is floored with large sandstone cobbles covered with mortar and small siltstone chips The walls of the basins once extended above the surface of the ground to an undetermined height The walls were knocked down and the basins were filled with trash during the mission period The siltstone is of freshwater orishygin and is associated with diatomaceous earth deposits These basins are located near the mission canal and may be associated with tanning or fulling (Anyone with pertinent information or opinions is

encouraged to contact Dave Huelsbeck at Departshyment of AnthropologySociology Santa Clara Univershysity Santa Clara CA 95053)

Materials recovered during the summer include faunal remains beads an assortment of local and imported ceramics and large quantities of charred plant remains including seeds Analysis ofthis sumshymers data will begin in the fall

The public outreach efforts of the project also were very successful this year Media coverage inCluded two newspaper feature stories and two teleshyvision news stories free public tours were conducted on six Saturdays for a total of almost 500 visitors The project also received more than 50 person days of volunteer labor

MissiON SOLEdAd This summer saw the fifth season of excavations

at Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad (founded 1791) Monterey County California under the direcshytion of Dr Paul Farnsworth of the University of Calishyfornia Los Angeles Assisted by volunteers particishypants in the University Research Expeditions Proshygram (UREP) the social services crew from the Corshyrectional Training Facility Soledad and four years of UCLA summer Session field schools taught by Dr Douglas V Annstrong currently of Syracuse Univershysity the project has undertaken a thorough historical and archaeological study of the mission

The project included an extensive documentary research program working from primary Spanish records a search for pictoral records of the mission and the collection of oral histories relating to the misshysion and its surrounding region Most effort was expended in field archaeology including an extensive surface and subsurface sampling survey of the area around the existing central quadrangle leading to limited testing of the neophytes barracks long since destroyed but surviving below ground in the plowed fields adjacent to the mission Also excavated was the only known surviving portion of the missions once extensive aqueduct system located just outside the central quadrangle However most of the excashyvation effort was directed to the complete excavation of the mission quadrangles west wing which curshyrently lies in ruins The current seasons work comshypleted this objective

The documentary evidence is ambiguous about the functions of the two buildings which comprised the west wing and even the records of their construcshytion are missing falling between 1799 and 1809 for which the missions annual reports are lost The

excavation uncovered evidence of multiple building

4

phases and the locations of the missions blacksmith grist mill main gateway and kitchen in this wing in addition to at least six other rooms whose functions could not clearly be defined It is hoped that through the use of an 1834 inventory giving room functions and sizes it will be possible to deduce the functions of these rooms Also excavated were the padres privy and a series of garbage pits dating to the misshysions early years which promise to provide detailed information on diet at the mission during that time In addition considerable evidence of early structures buried beneath the later buildings was uncovered further expanding our knowledge of the missions earliest and least well document phases

The results of the first four seasons research are discussed in a PhD dissertation by Paul Farnsworth titled The Economics ofAcculturation in the Califorshynia Missions A Historical and Archaeological Study of Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad and are incorporated into a model relating the acculturation of the California Indians to changing Spanish coloshynial economic goals An excavation report incorposhyrating the current seasons data is to be published through the Institute of Archaeology UCLA while a number of articles for publication in a variety of proshyfessional journals are in preparation

MissiON SAN ANTONio California Polytechnic State University has now

completed its twelfth year of excavation at Mission San Antonio de Padua in southern Monterey County This year work commenced on the 1819 wing which served as a community kitchen and residence for the single men This structure was discontinuous with the married neophyte dormitory to the north the intervening space being used for refuse disposal The building was approximately 5 meters in width conshysisting of the usual cobble foundations surmounted by unfired adobe bricks There were few roof tiles as most had been removed in the 1840s by Mariano Soberanes for his ranch The interior of the northshyeast corner of the building contained two rows of complete roof tiles that had been stacked vertically in preparation for removal

A second nearby area of excavation revealed the actual kitchen including a row of unfired adobe bricks topped by fired ladrillos Such stoves had depressions for holding pots and pans and internal firing chambers There was a large ash feature in front of the stove where the chambers were periodishycally swept out and recharged In defining the intershynal dimensions of the kitchen a large stone metate an iron griddle charred plant remains and several baked clay effigies were recovered The excavation may represent the first Spanish stove of this type to

be archaeologically excavated in California Work will continue on this feature in future years

Los ENCiNOS STATE HiSTORic PARk Los ANGELES COUNTY A limited scope excavation was successfully

accomplished at Los Encinos State Historic Park over a two week period in April and May 1987 under the direction of State Park Regional Archaeologist Michael Sampson Lands comprising the park in urban Encino served various purposes primarily farming from the 1840s up to modern times The project yielded the remains of a previously undocushymented farm outbuilding dating to the ca 1870s The remains include a floor of tabular slabs of local limestone measuring 165 by 115 feet the stone slabs had been carefully laid together Artifact finds suggest the former presence of a wood structure over the stone floor though nothing definitive regarding building function Historic research compiled for the Encino area in 1980 by John Elliot indicates that farm laborers had living quarters very close to or perhaps at the site of the stone floor during the late 1800s No photographs or written records lend more definitive evidence for the presence of a building here however The artifactual yield from this project currently is being processed by State Park archaeoloshygists Local interest in the project resulted in many visitors coming to observe the excavations as well as a positive article in the local newspaper

COLONEL ALLENSWORTI-t STATE HiSTORic PARk TuLARE COUNTY

Archaeological and documentary research are ongoing during the reconstruction of buildings at Col Allensworth State Historic Park in the southern San Joaquin Valley The only planned Black community in California the town was founded as an agrarian colony in 1908 by Col Allen Allensworth a chaplain and educator who was born a slave The town flourshyished with a school library post office hotel livery stable retail stores and a railway depot that served as a shipping center for the surrounding area By the early 1920s however farms and businesses were being abandoned as the water table dropped and railshyway freight was diverted to another depot The thriving community envisioned by CoL Allensworth and the towns pioneers ended although the site conshytinued as a rural settlement into the 1960s

When the California Department of Parks and Recreation acquired the townsite in 1974 only the

school building and a few residences were still standshying The Department has since restored or reconshystructed the school Col Allensworths residence the library two retail stores and most recently the Hindsman and Smith homes Outbuildings on the Smith lot have also been reconstructed a small bam smokehouse chicken pen separator house and privy

Archaeological testing at the Smith lot revealed the corner posts of the barn and the area of the smokehouse both buildings were present before 1920 The artifacts recovered however were mainly fragments from 1940s-1050s trash scatters As an irony not untypical of field work the Office of State Architects construction crew removing the deterioshyrated back porch addition of the Smith house uncovshyered a trash deposit which included 55 whole bottles Their dates of manufacture range from 1900-1010 to the 1940s Several styles were designed for local wineries including an unusually ornate bottle patented by a Fresno vintner in 1940

For information on the Allensworth project or the bottle assemblage contact Betty Rivers State Archaeology Laboratory 2572 Port Street West Sacramento CA 95691

EMpLOYMENT OPPORTUNiTY Chambers Group Inc seeks several field archaeshy

ologists with previous experience in Fresno County to work on a data recovery project in the Sierra foothills Fieldwork will run from October 5-23 1987 Applicants from the Fresno area with previous exposure to Valley Fever are preferred but other applicants will be considered Send vita address and phone number and a copy of skin test results for Valshyley Fever (whether positive or negative) to Dr Philip de Barros Chambers Group Inc 2933-B Pullman St Santa Ana CA 92705 (Tel 7141261-5414 ext 25) Skin tests can be administered by your physician by a lab referred by your physician or at the Valley Medical Center in the Fresno area Those who have already had Valley Fever may substitute a signed physicians statement to that effect

A PlEA fOR HELp bullbullbull Since I am very interested in antique tobacco

pipes I would like to know whether you can help me with my research

As you probably know it is very difficult to find literature on tobacco pipes Therefore I would like to ask you whether you can provide me with some artishycles that have been published in the archaeological journals

Also of interest are addresses of museums with pipe collections and other archaeological societies

Thank you for your help

Bert van der Lingen Hollandse kade 1B 3651 LS Woerdense Verlaat The Netherlands

LETTER TO TIiE EdiTOR Dear Editor

It is no wonder that proponents of S 7 (the Cranston bill which would create an National Park in the East Mojave Desert California) are concerned that fragile resources are not being protected under current administration when a blatant example of resource abuse lies right under the newly construct Bureau of Land Management office in Needles Archaeological remains were knowingly destroyed during the construction of this office The BLM Manshyager acting in a conflicting role as the Citys Envishyronmental Review Commissioner made a motion to ignore the archaeologists recommendations for removing the artifacts prior to earth leveling activishyties for the BLM office site

While the approximately $300000 Needles BLM office building (which win cost taxpayers over a milshylion dollars in rent in the next 10 years as the BLM will never own it) was being constructed the $200 chain barrier stolen from Ft Paiute (one of two 100shyyear old historic sites in the East Mojave Desert on the National Register) went unrepaired for lack of funds

The BLM Desert Plan provides a wonderful wellshybalanced set of rules for the maintenance of nonshyrenewable desert resources yet it is responsible manshyagement which is the key to whether these rules are implemented or not A more rational and economicalshyly sound approach to the East Mojave problem is not to change the rules again but to put managers in charge who are primarily concerned with implementshying the Desert Plan rather than building palaces in the desert

R A Musser-Lopez 420 E Street Needles CA 92363

6

I

SCA EXECUTivE BOARd MEETiNGS SET

SCA President Susan Hector has set Executive Board meetings for the following dates

October 10 1987 January 16 1988 March 24 1988

Because most board members live in Southern California most meetings will be in the south posshysibly at UCLA The March 24 1988 meeting will be in Redding during the Annual Meetings Also a meeting may be scheduled with the Southern Data Sharing Meetings Contact Susan or any of the other officers for details

NORTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

1 1981 AT UC DAVis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322-1506 for

additional information

7

SOUTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

10 1981 AT UCLA

The Southern California Data Sharing Meetings will be held in room 51 in the basement of Kinsey Hall on the UCLA campus Coffee and donuts at 830 AM presentations begin at 900 and continue till 400 An SCA Executive Board Meeting is scheduled between 400 and 600 PM UCLAs archaeology labs will be open for tours and a social gathering after the meeting will be held in the graduate student lounge on the same floor

Anyone interested in presenting a paper is invitshyed to submit a short outline and title Presentations should be limited to 15-20 minutes in length (a slide projector will be available)

No registration fee will be charged however there is a $300 parking fee Speakers will receive free parking passes

Presentation outlines must be submitted by Octoshyber 3 to be considered Send outlines to John Parker Archaeology Survey Institute of Archaeology UCLA Los Angeles CA 90024 For information call (213) 825-1720 or 644-6141

J

middotl

t

A PERTiNENT LETTER

fROM TI-tE OREGON SHPO May 181987

Sara Scott CH2M Hill PO Box 428 Corvallis OR 97339

RE Newsletter Article [Association of Oregon Archaeologists Newsletter - ed]

Dear Ms Scott

Here in the SHPO Office we have noticed an increased number of excavations in Oregon on sites that have not been given permanent Smithsonian style numbers from the State Historic Preservation Office This numbering system was created so that everyone would use the same data system and would know exactly which site was being tested and where it is located with no chance of confusion Professionshyals should refuse to do any work on a site unless it has a permanent Smithsonian number No agency work should be done without a permanent Smithsoshynian number on a site and these numbers should be used in the cataloging system for the artifacts

No site number will be given without a site form but we will take temporary hand written forms so that you can get numbers and we will phone you the numshybers once we get the forms to expedite the process [It is] the opinion of the SHPO office that there is no excuse for not using a permanent number on an archaeological site and on all of the data and notes used in any kind of testing on any archaeological site within the State of Oregon

Sincerely

signed

Dr Leland Gilsen SHPO Archaeologist

[Editors note At the suggestion of the California Office of Historic Preservation the SCA resolved more than five years ago to use only proper trinomishyals in the Newsletter and other SCA publications]

NEXT NEWS DEAdLiNE

OCTobER 2~ 1981

Tl-tiRd CAlifORNiA

INdiAN CONfERENCE

The Third California Indian Conference will be held October 16-181987 at the Santa Barbara Museshyum of Natural History This year the conference is co-sponsored by the Museum in cooperation with the University of California Santa Barbara Departshyments of Anthropology and Linguistics

The conference has been organized to foster sharshying of information regarding the culture of Native Californians Contributing papers cover a wide range of fields including ethnography history linguistics archaeology folklore and issues of concern to conshytemporary California Indians

This year ten symposia have been planned for the conference (see list below) In addition to planned symposia there is time available for volunteered papers

There will be a registration fee of $2500 at the meetings (students $1500) For more information contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105

Planned Symposia

(1) Critical Issues in California Ethnography (Lowshyell Bean CSU Hayward)

(2) Folklore and Mythology (William Simmons UC Berkeley Anthropology Department)

(3) Contemporary Linguistic Studies (Marianne Mithun UCSB Linguistics Department)

(4) Linguistic Prehistory (Michael Glassow UCSB Anthropology Department)

(5) Rock Art Studies (William Hyder UCSB Anthropology Department)

(6) Indians and Anthropologists Working Together (Dorothea Theodoratus CSU Sacramento Anthropolshyogy Department)

(7) Material Culture Studies (Clinton Blount Theodoratus Cultural Resources)

(8) Native Californian Museums (Hartman Lomawaima Lowie Museum of Anthropology)

(9) The Evolution of Chumash Social Complexity (Thomas Blackburn Cal Poly Pomona)

(10) Important Research Issues in Native Californishyan Studies (Victor Golla George Washington Univershysity Linguistics Department)

8

BLM TAkES ACTioN TO PROshyTECT ARCI1AEOLoGicAL VALuES

Bureau of Land Management law enforcement officers found 14 locations where archaeological valshyues were being damaged during a recent aerial sweep of central and eastern Oregon northeastern Califorshynia and northwest Nevada

Public agencies are paying particular attention to the regions archaeological values Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt has proclaimed July 12-18 as Oreshygon Archaeological Resources Protection week

BLMs Oregon-Washington State Director Bill Luscher said the recent sweep was the first phase of the largest aerial surveillance and detection program ever planned in archaeological enforcement It is part of BLMs Operation SAVE-Save Archaeological Values for Everyone He said the public can report archaeological looting or vandalism by calling a tollshyfree number 1-800-333-SAVE

Luscher said that the areas flown have traditionshyally been the targets of illegal artifact collecting During the sweep agents seized 70 artifacts which had been removed illegally from public lands Those involved were cited or warned

MESSAGE fROM TI1E PRESidENT I hope everyone had a restful summer and is now

ready to get back to work We have spent the sumshymer acting on some of the issues raised during the last Executive Board meeting The results are preshysented below

1 I have a happy announcement to make Jim Woodward has agreed to come back as chair of the Membership Committee Jim was very successful in promoting the SCA when he served in this capacity a few years ago I am optimistic that the Board can work with Jim to come up with some new ideas for increasing our membership especially among stushydents If you have any ideas about the membership please drop me a note or give me a call

2 All of the students should be writing their papers for submittal to the SCA Student Paper Award Data papers will be cheerfully accepted This is an excelshylent opportunity to practice preparing papers for pubshylication as well as to garner recognition for original research Please consider submitting for this award

3 The guidelines for preparation of the Proceedings papers will be ready soon and will be mailed to authors who notified me before the deadline I anticshyipate a healthy volume will be available in Redding

4 I encourage all to attend their local Data Sharing meetings These meetings are a great opportunity to meet people and talk about regional issues To those who will prepare papers to present at the meetings I encourage you to expand or edit the reports for preshysentation in Redding The Data Sharing meetings can be a good forum for presenting preliminary data or ideas for later expansion Perhaps you can form symposia with like-minded individuals you meet at the Data Sharing meeting

S Please submit brief notes or comments on any recent archaeological work that you have been involved in to the Newsletter editors Everyone has been so busy doing the work that the reports of results have been scarce It only takes a few minutes to jot down a paragraph or two on your efforts Also reference the report(s) that would describe the work more completely The following is an example of what I mean

TI1E PiPER RANCI1 HOUSE CiTY of SAN DiEGO

I have recently been involved through RECON in a historic project directed toward preserving some of San Diegos rural past The Piper Ranch House is located two miles from the Mexican border on Otay Mesa in San Diego County The house dates to the late 1880s and was built by the Piper family who until recently still liven on the property Between 1870 and 1890 numerous farming communities were established in San Diego County This was due to real estate promotion and the lure of inexpensive agricultural land Otay Mesa was promoted as a rich farmland with high potential for cereal and fruit production Promoters planned to bring water to pershymit extensive farming In 1887 the Piper family filed a 160-acre timber claim after moving south from Orange County By 1890 Otay Mesa was an estabshylished community with a school church post office and blacksmith shop The Alta School District was organized in January 1886 the site of the school is still preserved on City ofSan Diego property

Otay Mesa was settled by German Lutheran famshyilies few of which still live in this rapidly developing area The Piper family was one of the few to remain when drought defeated many farmers The Piper home is a folk architectural style known as an I house It has steep front- and back-facing centered gables The house retains its original front porch and interior floors and wood panelling The eucalyptus grove next to the house is part of the original timber claim filed by the Pipers in 1887

It is hoped that the house can be moved before it

9

is destroyed through development In the event that on-site preservation is not possible a HABS-Ievel record is being made of the ranch house The house was documented by Stephen Van Wormer and William manley who drew detailed plans of the structure Photographs were taken of the interior and exterior by the noted preservation photographer Marvin Rand A report is in preparation describing the house and the importance of preserving informashytion from the rural past

ANdERSON MARSh STATE

HiSTORic PARk

This summers field season marked the fourth year that the Cultural Heritage Council has run Archaeological and Native American Culture Field Schools at the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park The program began in 1984 with a $40000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities

During the past four years 150 students have learned about California Native American culture and archaeology This years 20 students ranged in age from 11 to over 50 years They came from all over California and as far away as Iowa

During the first week of the program particishypants learned how to manufacture stone tools tule huts and mats shell beads bamboo whistles clapper sticks and much more

The second week was spent on archaeological site CA-LAK-589 where the students learned to locate map and collect artifacts from both a surface grid and from excavations Materials recovered were brought to the field lab where students washed sortshyed identified weighed and cataloged their discovershyies The final step was entering the artifact data into the computer

The archaeological work is limited to mapping and collecting surface artifacts The entire 72000 square meter site has been mapped in 30 meter blocks Each 30 meter block is broken into 10 meter squares Students are assigned a 10 meter square and must grid map and collect all surface artifacts from each square and perform a 10 cm deep excavashytion of the northwest 2 x 2 meter square in their grid

In four years 4200 square meters of CA-LAKshy589 have been systematically mapped and collectshyed-this represents 575 of the total site area The data collected provides a Table of Contents for the site as a whole Already we are getting an idea of what portions of the site were utilized during differshyent time periods

Out of the 1000 artifacts cataloged this year 16 were stone tool specimens known to represent certain time periods Six small Rattlesnake corner-notched points represent the period from 1200 years ago to 1830 Five Houx non-stemmed points three Willits stemmed points and one deep concave base point indicate habitation between 6000 and 1200 years ago The most interesting of the stone tools found this season was half of a crescent (see drawing) Crescents are generally indicative of 9000 to 12000 year old habitation Although this years crescent was made from chert obsidian crescent fragments from previous years have returned hydration readshyings between 83 and 97 microns

In addition to the prehistoric material a broken 1860 beer bottle hundreds of square nails broken pieces of medicine bottles early forms of barbed wire and lots of cow bones were recovered Not far away were found a bent and broken pair of spectacles datshying from the 1800s

Park Ranger Floyd Lemleys historical research turned up an 1850s cabin in the general vicinity We hope that a study of the distribution of historic artishyfacts and square nails will tell us if this was the locashytion of the 1850 cabin

Materials recovered by the Cultural Heritage Council Archaeological Program have prompted the writing of three articles and numerous professional presentations concerning the archaeology of the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park and the Clear Lake Basin in general The lithic faunal and historshyical materials are available to researchers who have an interest in the prehistory of this area For more information contact Breck Parkman (707) 576-2332 or John Parker (213) 644-6141

) -- shy

Drawing by Pat Peterson

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

ern California with similar rock features some of which have been associated with Chinese camps but no similar grouping of these fireplaces is known to date CA-SHA-1450 is determined to have at least local historical significance The site will be protectshyed by a Cooperative Agreement between the Bureau of Land Management and the City of Redding which provides for monitoring the site Recommendations for further work include continued archival research and an analysis of the mining features and the techshynology employed

The final report has recently been printed and limited copies are available through the Bureau of Land Management Redding Resource Area

MissiON SANTA CLARA Santa Clara Universitys ongoing investigations

of the third site of the mission (1780-1820) were very successful during the summer of 1987 David R Huelsbeck and a crew of 20 professionals students and volunteers located and sampled several previousshyly undiscovered mission structures These included a mission canal the orchard wall the orchardists house an unidentified building and two rock-lined basins

The orchardists house (identified by documenshytary evidence) measures 11 by 17 meters One half of the building is divided into four small rooms and the other side of the building apparently was undivided The other newly discovered building has not yet been identified It is about 5 meters wide and more than 25 meters in length It has two superimposed adobe floors throughout and part of one room was tiled The tiles were removed possibly when many of the buildings at this site were abandoned after the 1818 earthquake

One of the rock-lined basins has been completely exposed and the other partially exposed The first measures 25 by 3 meters and the second probably is similar in size and shape based on a ground-peneshytrating radar survey of the area They are set in shallow pits (05 meters deep) and walled with apparshyently unshaped siltstone blocks mortared together One basin is floored with fired tiles and the other is floored with large sandstone cobbles covered with mortar and small siltstone chips The walls of the basins once extended above the surface of the ground to an undetermined height The walls were knocked down and the basins were filled with trash during the mission period The siltstone is of freshwater orishygin and is associated with diatomaceous earth deposits These basins are located near the mission canal and may be associated with tanning or fulling (Anyone with pertinent information or opinions is

encouraged to contact Dave Huelsbeck at Departshyment of AnthropologySociology Santa Clara Univershysity Santa Clara CA 95053)

Materials recovered during the summer include faunal remains beads an assortment of local and imported ceramics and large quantities of charred plant remains including seeds Analysis ofthis sumshymers data will begin in the fall

The public outreach efforts of the project also were very successful this year Media coverage inCluded two newspaper feature stories and two teleshyvision news stories free public tours were conducted on six Saturdays for a total of almost 500 visitors The project also received more than 50 person days of volunteer labor

MissiON SOLEdAd This summer saw the fifth season of excavations

at Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad (founded 1791) Monterey County California under the direcshytion of Dr Paul Farnsworth of the University of Calishyfornia Los Angeles Assisted by volunteers particishypants in the University Research Expeditions Proshygram (UREP) the social services crew from the Corshyrectional Training Facility Soledad and four years of UCLA summer Session field schools taught by Dr Douglas V Annstrong currently of Syracuse Univershysity the project has undertaken a thorough historical and archaeological study of the mission

The project included an extensive documentary research program working from primary Spanish records a search for pictoral records of the mission and the collection of oral histories relating to the misshysion and its surrounding region Most effort was expended in field archaeology including an extensive surface and subsurface sampling survey of the area around the existing central quadrangle leading to limited testing of the neophytes barracks long since destroyed but surviving below ground in the plowed fields adjacent to the mission Also excavated was the only known surviving portion of the missions once extensive aqueduct system located just outside the central quadrangle However most of the excashyvation effort was directed to the complete excavation of the mission quadrangles west wing which curshyrently lies in ruins The current seasons work comshypleted this objective

The documentary evidence is ambiguous about the functions of the two buildings which comprised the west wing and even the records of their construcshytion are missing falling between 1799 and 1809 for which the missions annual reports are lost The

excavation uncovered evidence of multiple building

4

phases and the locations of the missions blacksmith grist mill main gateway and kitchen in this wing in addition to at least six other rooms whose functions could not clearly be defined It is hoped that through the use of an 1834 inventory giving room functions and sizes it will be possible to deduce the functions of these rooms Also excavated were the padres privy and a series of garbage pits dating to the misshysions early years which promise to provide detailed information on diet at the mission during that time In addition considerable evidence of early structures buried beneath the later buildings was uncovered further expanding our knowledge of the missions earliest and least well document phases

The results of the first four seasons research are discussed in a PhD dissertation by Paul Farnsworth titled The Economics ofAcculturation in the Califorshynia Missions A Historical and Archaeological Study of Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad and are incorporated into a model relating the acculturation of the California Indians to changing Spanish coloshynial economic goals An excavation report incorposhyrating the current seasons data is to be published through the Institute of Archaeology UCLA while a number of articles for publication in a variety of proshyfessional journals are in preparation

MissiON SAN ANTONio California Polytechnic State University has now

completed its twelfth year of excavation at Mission San Antonio de Padua in southern Monterey County This year work commenced on the 1819 wing which served as a community kitchen and residence for the single men This structure was discontinuous with the married neophyte dormitory to the north the intervening space being used for refuse disposal The building was approximately 5 meters in width conshysisting of the usual cobble foundations surmounted by unfired adobe bricks There were few roof tiles as most had been removed in the 1840s by Mariano Soberanes for his ranch The interior of the northshyeast corner of the building contained two rows of complete roof tiles that had been stacked vertically in preparation for removal

A second nearby area of excavation revealed the actual kitchen including a row of unfired adobe bricks topped by fired ladrillos Such stoves had depressions for holding pots and pans and internal firing chambers There was a large ash feature in front of the stove where the chambers were periodishycally swept out and recharged In defining the intershynal dimensions of the kitchen a large stone metate an iron griddle charred plant remains and several baked clay effigies were recovered The excavation may represent the first Spanish stove of this type to

be archaeologically excavated in California Work will continue on this feature in future years

Los ENCiNOS STATE HiSTORic PARk Los ANGELES COUNTY A limited scope excavation was successfully

accomplished at Los Encinos State Historic Park over a two week period in April and May 1987 under the direction of State Park Regional Archaeologist Michael Sampson Lands comprising the park in urban Encino served various purposes primarily farming from the 1840s up to modern times The project yielded the remains of a previously undocushymented farm outbuilding dating to the ca 1870s The remains include a floor of tabular slabs of local limestone measuring 165 by 115 feet the stone slabs had been carefully laid together Artifact finds suggest the former presence of a wood structure over the stone floor though nothing definitive regarding building function Historic research compiled for the Encino area in 1980 by John Elliot indicates that farm laborers had living quarters very close to or perhaps at the site of the stone floor during the late 1800s No photographs or written records lend more definitive evidence for the presence of a building here however The artifactual yield from this project currently is being processed by State Park archaeoloshygists Local interest in the project resulted in many visitors coming to observe the excavations as well as a positive article in the local newspaper

COLONEL ALLENSWORTI-t STATE HiSTORic PARk TuLARE COUNTY

Archaeological and documentary research are ongoing during the reconstruction of buildings at Col Allensworth State Historic Park in the southern San Joaquin Valley The only planned Black community in California the town was founded as an agrarian colony in 1908 by Col Allen Allensworth a chaplain and educator who was born a slave The town flourshyished with a school library post office hotel livery stable retail stores and a railway depot that served as a shipping center for the surrounding area By the early 1920s however farms and businesses were being abandoned as the water table dropped and railshyway freight was diverted to another depot The thriving community envisioned by CoL Allensworth and the towns pioneers ended although the site conshytinued as a rural settlement into the 1960s

When the California Department of Parks and Recreation acquired the townsite in 1974 only the

school building and a few residences were still standshying The Department has since restored or reconshystructed the school Col Allensworths residence the library two retail stores and most recently the Hindsman and Smith homes Outbuildings on the Smith lot have also been reconstructed a small bam smokehouse chicken pen separator house and privy

Archaeological testing at the Smith lot revealed the corner posts of the barn and the area of the smokehouse both buildings were present before 1920 The artifacts recovered however were mainly fragments from 1940s-1050s trash scatters As an irony not untypical of field work the Office of State Architects construction crew removing the deterioshyrated back porch addition of the Smith house uncovshyered a trash deposit which included 55 whole bottles Their dates of manufacture range from 1900-1010 to the 1940s Several styles were designed for local wineries including an unusually ornate bottle patented by a Fresno vintner in 1940

For information on the Allensworth project or the bottle assemblage contact Betty Rivers State Archaeology Laboratory 2572 Port Street West Sacramento CA 95691

EMpLOYMENT OPPORTUNiTY Chambers Group Inc seeks several field archaeshy

ologists with previous experience in Fresno County to work on a data recovery project in the Sierra foothills Fieldwork will run from October 5-23 1987 Applicants from the Fresno area with previous exposure to Valley Fever are preferred but other applicants will be considered Send vita address and phone number and a copy of skin test results for Valshyley Fever (whether positive or negative) to Dr Philip de Barros Chambers Group Inc 2933-B Pullman St Santa Ana CA 92705 (Tel 7141261-5414 ext 25) Skin tests can be administered by your physician by a lab referred by your physician or at the Valley Medical Center in the Fresno area Those who have already had Valley Fever may substitute a signed physicians statement to that effect

A PlEA fOR HELp bullbullbull Since I am very interested in antique tobacco

pipes I would like to know whether you can help me with my research

As you probably know it is very difficult to find literature on tobacco pipes Therefore I would like to ask you whether you can provide me with some artishycles that have been published in the archaeological journals

Also of interest are addresses of museums with pipe collections and other archaeological societies

Thank you for your help

Bert van der Lingen Hollandse kade 1B 3651 LS Woerdense Verlaat The Netherlands

LETTER TO TIiE EdiTOR Dear Editor

It is no wonder that proponents of S 7 (the Cranston bill which would create an National Park in the East Mojave Desert California) are concerned that fragile resources are not being protected under current administration when a blatant example of resource abuse lies right under the newly construct Bureau of Land Management office in Needles Archaeological remains were knowingly destroyed during the construction of this office The BLM Manshyager acting in a conflicting role as the Citys Envishyronmental Review Commissioner made a motion to ignore the archaeologists recommendations for removing the artifacts prior to earth leveling activishyties for the BLM office site

While the approximately $300000 Needles BLM office building (which win cost taxpayers over a milshylion dollars in rent in the next 10 years as the BLM will never own it) was being constructed the $200 chain barrier stolen from Ft Paiute (one of two 100shyyear old historic sites in the East Mojave Desert on the National Register) went unrepaired for lack of funds

The BLM Desert Plan provides a wonderful wellshybalanced set of rules for the maintenance of nonshyrenewable desert resources yet it is responsible manshyagement which is the key to whether these rules are implemented or not A more rational and economicalshyly sound approach to the East Mojave problem is not to change the rules again but to put managers in charge who are primarily concerned with implementshying the Desert Plan rather than building palaces in the desert

R A Musser-Lopez 420 E Street Needles CA 92363

6

I

SCA EXECUTivE BOARd MEETiNGS SET

SCA President Susan Hector has set Executive Board meetings for the following dates

October 10 1987 January 16 1988 March 24 1988

Because most board members live in Southern California most meetings will be in the south posshysibly at UCLA The March 24 1988 meeting will be in Redding during the Annual Meetings Also a meeting may be scheduled with the Southern Data Sharing Meetings Contact Susan or any of the other officers for details

NORTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

1 1981 AT UC DAVis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322-1506 for

additional information

7

SOUTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

10 1981 AT UCLA

The Southern California Data Sharing Meetings will be held in room 51 in the basement of Kinsey Hall on the UCLA campus Coffee and donuts at 830 AM presentations begin at 900 and continue till 400 An SCA Executive Board Meeting is scheduled between 400 and 600 PM UCLAs archaeology labs will be open for tours and a social gathering after the meeting will be held in the graduate student lounge on the same floor

Anyone interested in presenting a paper is invitshyed to submit a short outline and title Presentations should be limited to 15-20 minutes in length (a slide projector will be available)

No registration fee will be charged however there is a $300 parking fee Speakers will receive free parking passes

Presentation outlines must be submitted by Octoshyber 3 to be considered Send outlines to John Parker Archaeology Survey Institute of Archaeology UCLA Los Angeles CA 90024 For information call (213) 825-1720 or 644-6141

J

middotl

t

A PERTiNENT LETTER

fROM TI-tE OREGON SHPO May 181987

Sara Scott CH2M Hill PO Box 428 Corvallis OR 97339

RE Newsletter Article [Association of Oregon Archaeologists Newsletter - ed]

Dear Ms Scott

Here in the SHPO Office we have noticed an increased number of excavations in Oregon on sites that have not been given permanent Smithsonian style numbers from the State Historic Preservation Office This numbering system was created so that everyone would use the same data system and would know exactly which site was being tested and where it is located with no chance of confusion Professionshyals should refuse to do any work on a site unless it has a permanent Smithsonian number No agency work should be done without a permanent Smithsoshynian number on a site and these numbers should be used in the cataloging system for the artifacts

No site number will be given without a site form but we will take temporary hand written forms so that you can get numbers and we will phone you the numshybers once we get the forms to expedite the process [It is] the opinion of the SHPO office that there is no excuse for not using a permanent number on an archaeological site and on all of the data and notes used in any kind of testing on any archaeological site within the State of Oregon

Sincerely

signed

Dr Leland Gilsen SHPO Archaeologist

[Editors note At the suggestion of the California Office of Historic Preservation the SCA resolved more than five years ago to use only proper trinomishyals in the Newsletter and other SCA publications]

NEXT NEWS DEAdLiNE

OCTobER 2~ 1981

Tl-tiRd CAlifORNiA

INdiAN CONfERENCE

The Third California Indian Conference will be held October 16-181987 at the Santa Barbara Museshyum of Natural History This year the conference is co-sponsored by the Museum in cooperation with the University of California Santa Barbara Departshyments of Anthropology and Linguistics

The conference has been organized to foster sharshying of information regarding the culture of Native Californians Contributing papers cover a wide range of fields including ethnography history linguistics archaeology folklore and issues of concern to conshytemporary California Indians

This year ten symposia have been planned for the conference (see list below) In addition to planned symposia there is time available for volunteered papers

There will be a registration fee of $2500 at the meetings (students $1500) For more information contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105

Planned Symposia

(1) Critical Issues in California Ethnography (Lowshyell Bean CSU Hayward)

(2) Folklore and Mythology (William Simmons UC Berkeley Anthropology Department)

(3) Contemporary Linguistic Studies (Marianne Mithun UCSB Linguistics Department)

(4) Linguistic Prehistory (Michael Glassow UCSB Anthropology Department)

(5) Rock Art Studies (William Hyder UCSB Anthropology Department)

(6) Indians and Anthropologists Working Together (Dorothea Theodoratus CSU Sacramento Anthropolshyogy Department)

(7) Material Culture Studies (Clinton Blount Theodoratus Cultural Resources)

(8) Native Californian Museums (Hartman Lomawaima Lowie Museum of Anthropology)

(9) The Evolution of Chumash Social Complexity (Thomas Blackburn Cal Poly Pomona)

(10) Important Research Issues in Native Californishyan Studies (Victor Golla George Washington Univershysity Linguistics Department)

8

BLM TAkES ACTioN TO PROshyTECT ARCI1AEOLoGicAL VALuES

Bureau of Land Management law enforcement officers found 14 locations where archaeological valshyues were being damaged during a recent aerial sweep of central and eastern Oregon northeastern Califorshynia and northwest Nevada

Public agencies are paying particular attention to the regions archaeological values Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt has proclaimed July 12-18 as Oreshygon Archaeological Resources Protection week

BLMs Oregon-Washington State Director Bill Luscher said the recent sweep was the first phase of the largest aerial surveillance and detection program ever planned in archaeological enforcement It is part of BLMs Operation SAVE-Save Archaeological Values for Everyone He said the public can report archaeological looting or vandalism by calling a tollshyfree number 1-800-333-SAVE

Luscher said that the areas flown have traditionshyally been the targets of illegal artifact collecting During the sweep agents seized 70 artifacts which had been removed illegally from public lands Those involved were cited or warned

MESSAGE fROM TI1E PRESidENT I hope everyone had a restful summer and is now

ready to get back to work We have spent the sumshymer acting on some of the issues raised during the last Executive Board meeting The results are preshysented below

1 I have a happy announcement to make Jim Woodward has agreed to come back as chair of the Membership Committee Jim was very successful in promoting the SCA when he served in this capacity a few years ago I am optimistic that the Board can work with Jim to come up with some new ideas for increasing our membership especially among stushydents If you have any ideas about the membership please drop me a note or give me a call

2 All of the students should be writing their papers for submittal to the SCA Student Paper Award Data papers will be cheerfully accepted This is an excelshylent opportunity to practice preparing papers for pubshylication as well as to garner recognition for original research Please consider submitting for this award

3 The guidelines for preparation of the Proceedings papers will be ready soon and will be mailed to authors who notified me before the deadline I anticshyipate a healthy volume will be available in Redding

4 I encourage all to attend their local Data Sharing meetings These meetings are a great opportunity to meet people and talk about regional issues To those who will prepare papers to present at the meetings I encourage you to expand or edit the reports for preshysentation in Redding The Data Sharing meetings can be a good forum for presenting preliminary data or ideas for later expansion Perhaps you can form symposia with like-minded individuals you meet at the Data Sharing meeting

S Please submit brief notes or comments on any recent archaeological work that you have been involved in to the Newsletter editors Everyone has been so busy doing the work that the reports of results have been scarce It only takes a few minutes to jot down a paragraph or two on your efforts Also reference the report(s) that would describe the work more completely The following is an example of what I mean

TI1E PiPER RANCI1 HOUSE CiTY of SAN DiEGO

I have recently been involved through RECON in a historic project directed toward preserving some of San Diegos rural past The Piper Ranch House is located two miles from the Mexican border on Otay Mesa in San Diego County The house dates to the late 1880s and was built by the Piper family who until recently still liven on the property Between 1870 and 1890 numerous farming communities were established in San Diego County This was due to real estate promotion and the lure of inexpensive agricultural land Otay Mesa was promoted as a rich farmland with high potential for cereal and fruit production Promoters planned to bring water to pershymit extensive farming In 1887 the Piper family filed a 160-acre timber claim after moving south from Orange County By 1890 Otay Mesa was an estabshylished community with a school church post office and blacksmith shop The Alta School District was organized in January 1886 the site of the school is still preserved on City ofSan Diego property

Otay Mesa was settled by German Lutheran famshyilies few of which still live in this rapidly developing area The Piper family was one of the few to remain when drought defeated many farmers The Piper home is a folk architectural style known as an I house It has steep front- and back-facing centered gables The house retains its original front porch and interior floors and wood panelling The eucalyptus grove next to the house is part of the original timber claim filed by the Pipers in 1887

It is hoped that the house can be moved before it

9

is destroyed through development In the event that on-site preservation is not possible a HABS-Ievel record is being made of the ranch house The house was documented by Stephen Van Wormer and William manley who drew detailed plans of the structure Photographs were taken of the interior and exterior by the noted preservation photographer Marvin Rand A report is in preparation describing the house and the importance of preserving informashytion from the rural past

ANdERSON MARSh STATE

HiSTORic PARk

This summers field season marked the fourth year that the Cultural Heritage Council has run Archaeological and Native American Culture Field Schools at the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park The program began in 1984 with a $40000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities

During the past four years 150 students have learned about California Native American culture and archaeology This years 20 students ranged in age from 11 to over 50 years They came from all over California and as far away as Iowa

During the first week of the program particishypants learned how to manufacture stone tools tule huts and mats shell beads bamboo whistles clapper sticks and much more

The second week was spent on archaeological site CA-LAK-589 where the students learned to locate map and collect artifacts from both a surface grid and from excavations Materials recovered were brought to the field lab where students washed sortshyed identified weighed and cataloged their discovershyies The final step was entering the artifact data into the computer

The archaeological work is limited to mapping and collecting surface artifacts The entire 72000 square meter site has been mapped in 30 meter blocks Each 30 meter block is broken into 10 meter squares Students are assigned a 10 meter square and must grid map and collect all surface artifacts from each square and perform a 10 cm deep excavashytion of the northwest 2 x 2 meter square in their grid

In four years 4200 square meters of CA-LAKshy589 have been systematically mapped and collectshyed-this represents 575 of the total site area The data collected provides a Table of Contents for the site as a whole Already we are getting an idea of what portions of the site were utilized during differshyent time periods

Out of the 1000 artifacts cataloged this year 16 were stone tool specimens known to represent certain time periods Six small Rattlesnake corner-notched points represent the period from 1200 years ago to 1830 Five Houx non-stemmed points three Willits stemmed points and one deep concave base point indicate habitation between 6000 and 1200 years ago The most interesting of the stone tools found this season was half of a crescent (see drawing) Crescents are generally indicative of 9000 to 12000 year old habitation Although this years crescent was made from chert obsidian crescent fragments from previous years have returned hydration readshyings between 83 and 97 microns

In addition to the prehistoric material a broken 1860 beer bottle hundreds of square nails broken pieces of medicine bottles early forms of barbed wire and lots of cow bones were recovered Not far away were found a bent and broken pair of spectacles datshying from the 1800s

Park Ranger Floyd Lemleys historical research turned up an 1850s cabin in the general vicinity We hope that a study of the distribution of historic artishyfacts and square nails will tell us if this was the locashytion of the 1850 cabin

Materials recovered by the Cultural Heritage Council Archaeological Program have prompted the writing of three articles and numerous professional presentations concerning the archaeology of the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park and the Clear Lake Basin in general The lithic faunal and historshyical materials are available to researchers who have an interest in the prehistory of this area For more information contact Breck Parkman (707) 576-2332 or John Parker (213) 644-6141

) -- shy

Drawing by Pat Peterson

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

phases and the locations of the missions blacksmith grist mill main gateway and kitchen in this wing in addition to at least six other rooms whose functions could not clearly be defined It is hoped that through the use of an 1834 inventory giving room functions and sizes it will be possible to deduce the functions of these rooms Also excavated were the padres privy and a series of garbage pits dating to the misshysions early years which promise to provide detailed information on diet at the mission during that time In addition considerable evidence of early structures buried beneath the later buildings was uncovered further expanding our knowledge of the missions earliest and least well document phases

The results of the first four seasons research are discussed in a PhD dissertation by Paul Farnsworth titled The Economics ofAcculturation in the Califorshynia Missions A Historical and Archaeological Study of Mission Nuestra Senora de la Soledad and are incorporated into a model relating the acculturation of the California Indians to changing Spanish coloshynial economic goals An excavation report incorposhyrating the current seasons data is to be published through the Institute of Archaeology UCLA while a number of articles for publication in a variety of proshyfessional journals are in preparation

MissiON SAN ANTONio California Polytechnic State University has now

completed its twelfth year of excavation at Mission San Antonio de Padua in southern Monterey County This year work commenced on the 1819 wing which served as a community kitchen and residence for the single men This structure was discontinuous with the married neophyte dormitory to the north the intervening space being used for refuse disposal The building was approximately 5 meters in width conshysisting of the usual cobble foundations surmounted by unfired adobe bricks There were few roof tiles as most had been removed in the 1840s by Mariano Soberanes for his ranch The interior of the northshyeast corner of the building contained two rows of complete roof tiles that had been stacked vertically in preparation for removal

A second nearby area of excavation revealed the actual kitchen including a row of unfired adobe bricks topped by fired ladrillos Such stoves had depressions for holding pots and pans and internal firing chambers There was a large ash feature in front of the stove where the chambers were periodishycally swept out and recharged In defining the intershynal dimensions of the kitchen a large stone metate an iron griddle charred plant remains and several baked clay effigies were recovered The excavation may represent the first Spanish stove of this type to

be archaeologically excavated in California Work will continue on this feature in future years

Los ENCiNOS STATE HiSTORic PARk Los ANGELES COUNTY A limited scope excavation was successfully

accomplished at Los Encinos State Historic Park over a two week period in April and May 1987 under the direction of State Park Regional Archaeologist Michael Sampson Lands comprising the park in urban Encino served various purposes primarily farming from the 1840s up to modern times The project yielded the remains of a previously undocushymented farm outbuilding dating to the ca 1870s The remains include a floor of tabular slabs of local limestone measuring 165 by 115 feet the stone slabs had been carefully laid together Artifact finds suggest the former presence of a wood structure over the stone floor though nothing definitive regarding building function Historic research compiled for the Encino area in 1980 by John Elliot indicates that farm laborers had living quarters very close to or perhaps at the site of the stone floor during the late 1800s No photographs or written records lend more definitive evidence for the presence of a building here however The artifactual yield from this project currently is being processed by State Park archaeoloshygists Local interest in the project resulted in many visitors coming to observe the excavations as well as a positive article in the local newspaper

COLONEL ALLENSWORTI-t STATE HiSTORic PARk TuLARE COUNTY

Archaeological and documentary research are ongoing during the reconstruction of buildings at Col Allensworth State Historic Park in the southern San Joaquin Valley The only planned Black community in California the town was founded as an agrarian colony in 1908 by Col Allen Allensworth a chaplain and educator who was born a slave The town flourshyished with a school library post office hotel livery stable retail stores and a railway depot that served as a shipping center for the surrounding area By the early 1920s however farms and businesses were being abandoned as the water table dropped and railshyway freight was diverted to another depot The thriving community envisioned by CoL Allensworth and the towns pioneers ended although the site conshytinued as a rural settlement into the 1960s

When the California Department of Parks and Recreation acquired the townsite in 1974 only the

school building and a few residences were still standshying The Department has since restored or reconshystructed the school Col Allensworths residence the library two retail stores and most recently the Hindsman and Smith homes Outbuildings on the Smith lot have also been reconstructed a small bam smokehouse chicken pen separator house and privy

Archaeological testing at the Smith lot revealed the corner posts of the barn and the area of the smokehouse both buildings were present before 1920 The artifacts recovered however were mainly fragments from 1940s-1050s trash scatters As an irony not untypical of field work the Office of State Architects construction crew removing the deterioshyrated back porch addition of the Smith house uncovshyered a trash deposit which included 55 whole bottles Their dates of manufacture range from 1900-1010 to the 1940s Several styles were designed for local wineries including an unusually ornate bottle patented by a Fresno vintner in 1940

For information on the Allensworth project or the bottle assemblage contact Betty Rivers State Archaeology Laboratory 2572 Port Street West Sacramento CA 95691

EMpLOYMENT OPPORTUNiTY Chambers Group Inc seeks several field archaeshy

ologists with previous experience in Fresno County to work on a data recovery project in the Sierra foothills Fieldwork will run from October 5-23 1987 Applicants from the Fresno area with previous exposure to Valley Fever are preferred but other applicants will be considered Send vita address and phone number and a copy of skin test results for Valshyley Fever (whether positive or negative) to Dr Philip de Barros Chambers Group Inc 2933-B Pullman St Santa Ana CA 92705 (Tel 7141261-5414 ext 25) Skin tests can be administered by your physician by a lab referred by your physician or at the Valley Medical Center in the Fresno area Those who have already had Valley Fever may substitute a signed physicians statement to that effect

A PlEA fOR HELp bullbullbull Since I am very interested in antique tobacco

pipes I would like to know whether you can help me with my research

As you probably know it is very difficult to find literature on tobacco pipes Therefore I would like to ask you whether you can provide me with some artishycles that have been published in the archaeological journals

Also of interest are addresses of museums with pipe collections and other archaeological societies

Thank you for your help

Bert van der Lingen Hollandse kade 1B 3651 LS Woerdense Verlaat The Netherlands

LETTER TO TIiE EdiTOR Dear Editor

It is no wonder that proponents of S 7 (the Cranston bill which would create an National Park in the East Mojave Desert California) are concerned that fragile resources are not being protected under current administration when a blatant example of resource abuse lies right under the newly construct Bureau of Land Management office in Needles Archaeological remains were knowingly destroyed during the construction of this office The BLM Manshyager acting in a conflicting role as the Citys Envishyronmental Review Commissioner made a motion to ignore the archaeologists recommendations for removing the artifacts prior to earth leveling activishyties for the BLM office site

While the approximately $300000 Needles BLM office building (which win cost taxpayers over a milshylion dollars in rent in the next 10 years as the BLM will never own it) was being constructed the $200 chain barrier stolen from Ft Paiute (one of two 100shyyear old historic sites in the East Mojave Desert on the National Register) went unrepaired for lack of funds

The BLM Desert Plan provides a wonderful wellshybalanced set of rules for the maintenance of nonshyrenewable desert resources yet it is responsible manshyagement which is the key to whether these rules are implemented or not A more rational and economicalshyly sound approach to the East Mojave problem is not to change the rules again but to put managers in charge who are primarily concerned with implementshying the Desert Plan rather than building palaces in the desert

R A Musser-Lopez 420 E Street Needles CA 92363

6

I

SCA EXECUTivE BOARd MEETiNGS SET

SCA President Susan Hector has set Executive Board meetings for the following dates

October 10 1987 January 16 1988 March 24 1988

Because most board members live in Southern California most meetings will be in the south posshysibly at UCLA The March 24 1988 meeting will be in Redding during the Annual Meetings Also a meeting may be scheduled with the Southern Data Sharing Meetings Contact Susan or any of the other officers for details

NORTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

1 1981 AT UC DAVis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322-1506 for

additional information

7

SOUTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

10 1981 AT UCLA

The Southern California Data Sharing Meetings will be held in room 51 in the basement of Kinsey Hall on the UCLA campus Coffee and donuts at 830 AM presentations begin at 900 and continue till 400 An SCA Executive Board Meeting is scheduled between 400 and 600 PM UCLAs archaeology labs will be open for tours and a social gathering after the meeting will be held in the graduate student lounge on the same floor

Anyone interested in presenting a paper is invitshyed to submit a short outline and title Presentations should be limited to 15-20 minutes in length (a slide projector will be available)

No registration fee will be charged however there is a $300 parking fee Speakers will receive free parking passes

Presentation outlines must be submitted by Octoshyber 3 to be considered Send outlines to John Parker Archaeology Survey Institute of Archaeology UCLA Los Angeles CA 90024 For information call (213) 825-1720 or 644-6141

J

middotl

t

A PERTiNENT LETTER

fROM TI-tE OREGON SHPO May 181987

Sara Scott CH2M Hill PO Box 428 Corvallis OR 97339

RE Newsletter Article [Association of Oregon Archaeologists Newsletter - ed]

Dear Ms Scott

Here in the SHPO Office we have noticed an increased number of excavations in Oregon on sites that have not been given permanent Smithsonian style numbers from the State Historic Preservation Office This numbering system was created so that everyone would use the same data system and would know exactly which site was being tested and where it is located with no chance of confusion Professionshyals should refuse to do any work on a site unless it has a permanent Smithsonian number No agency work should be done without a permanent Smithsoshynian number on a site and these numbers should be used in the cataloging system for the artifacts

No site number will be given without a site form but we will take temporary hand written forms so that you can get numbers and we will phone you the numshybers once we get the forms to expedite the process [It is] the opinion of the SHPO office that there is no excuse for not using a permanent number on an archaeological site and on all of the data and notes used in any kind of testing on any archaeological site within the State of Oregon

Sincerely

signed

Dr Leland Gilsen SHPO Archaeologist

[Editors note At the suggestion of the California Office of Historic Preservation the SCA resolved more than five years ago to use only proper trinomishyals in the Newsletter and other SCA publications]

NEXT NEWS DEAdLiNE

OCTobER 2~ 1981

Tl-tiRd CAlifORNiA

INdiAN CONfERENCE

The Third California Indian Conference will be held October 16-181987 at the Santa Barbara Museshyum of Natural History This year the conference is co-sponsored by the Museum in cooperation with the University of California Santa Barbara Departshyments of Anthropology and Linguistics

The conference has been organized to foster sharshying of information regarding the culture of Native Californians Contributing papers cover a wide range of fields including ethnography history linguistics archaeology folklore and issues of concern to conshytemporary California Indians

This year ten symposia have been planned for the conference (see list below) In addition to planned symposia there is time available for volunteered papers

There will be a registration fee of $2500 at the meetings (students $1500) For more information contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105

Planned Symposia

(1) Critical Issues in California Ethnography (Lowshyell Bean CSU Hayward)

(2) Folklore and Mythology (William Simmons UC Berkeley Anthropology Department)

(3) Contemporary Linguistic Studies (Marianne Mithun UCSB Linguistics Department)

(4) Linguistic Prehistory (Michael Glassow UCSB Anthropology Department)

(5) Rock Art Studies (William Hyder UCSB Anthropology Department)

(6) Indians and Anthropologists Working Together (Dorothea Theodoratus CSU Sacramento Anthropolshyogy Department)

(7) Material Culture Studies (Clinton Blount Theodoratus Cultural Resources)

(8) Native Californian Museums (Hartman Lomawaima Lowie Museum of Anthropology)

(9) The Evolution of Chumash Social Complexity (Thomas Blackburn Cal Poly Pomona)

(10) Important Research Issues in Native Californishyan Studies (Victor Golla George Washington Univershysity Linguistics Department)

8

BLM TAkES ACTioN TO PROshyTECT ARCI1AEOLoGicAL VALuES

Bureau of Land Management law enforcement officers found 14 locations where archaeological valshyues were being damaged during a recent aerial sweep of central and eastern Oregon northeastern Califorshynia and northwest Nevada

Public agencies are paying particular attention to the regions archaeological values Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt has proclaimed July 12-18 as Oreshygon Archaeological Resources Protection week

BLMs Oregon-Washington State Director Bill Luscher said the recent sweep was the first phase of the largest aerial surveillance and detection program ever planned in archaeological enforcement It is part of BLMs Operation SAVE-Save Archaeological Values for Everyone He said the public can report archaeological looting or vandalism by calling a tollshyfree number 1-800-333-SAVE

Luscher said that the areas flown have traditionshyally been the targets of illegal artifact collecting During the sweep agents seized 70 artifacts which had been removed illegally from public lands Those involved were cited or warned

MESSAGE fROM TI1E PRESidENT I hope everyone had a restful summer and is now

ready to get back to work We have spent the sumshymer acting on some of the issues raised during the last Executive Board meeting The results are preshysented below

1 I have a happy announcement to make Jim Woodward has agreed to come back as chair of the Membership Committee Jim was very successful in promoting the SCA when he served in this capacity a few years ago I am optimistic that the Board can work with Jim to come up with some new ideas for increasing our membership especially among stushydents If you have any ideas about the membership please drop me a note or give me a call

2 All of the students should be writing their papers for submittal to the SCA Student Paper Award Data papers will be cheerfully accepted This is an excelshylent opportunity to practice preparing papers for pubshylication as well as to garner recognition for original research Please consider submitting for this award

3 The guidelines for preparation of the Proceedings papers will be ready soon and will be mailed to authors who notified me before the deadline I anticshyipate a healthy volume will be available in Redding

4 I encourage all to attend their local Data Sharing meetings These meetings are a great opportunity to meet people and talk about regional issues To those who will prepare papers to present at the meetings I encourage you to expand or edit the reports for preshysentation in Redding The Data Sharing meetings can be a good forum for presenting preliminary data or ideas for later expansion Perhaps you can form symposia with like-minded individuals you meet at the Data Sharing meeting

S Please submit brief notes or comments on any recent archaeological work that you have been involved in to the Newsletter editors Everyone has been so busy doing the work that the reports of results have been scarce It only takes a few minutes to jot down a paragraph or two on your efforts Also reference the report(s) that would describe the work more completely The following is an example of what I mean

TI1E PiPER RANCI1 HOUSE CiTY of SAN DiEGO

I have recently been involved through RECON in a historic project directed toward preserving some of San Diegos rural past The Piper Ranch House is located two miles from the Mexican border on Otay Mesa in San Diego County The house dates to the late 1880s and was built by the Piper family who until recently still liven on the property Between 1870 and 1890 numerous farming communities were established in San Diego County This was due to real estate promotion and the lure of inexpensive agricultural land Otay Mesa was promoted as a rich farmland with high potential for cereal and fruit production Promoters planned to bring water to pershymit extensive farming In 1887 the Piper family filed a 160-acre timber claim after moving south from Orange County By 1890 Otay Mesa was an estabshylished community with a school church post office and blacksmith shop The Alta School District was organized in January 1886 the site of the school is still preserved on City ofSan Diego property

Otay Mesa was settled by German Lutheran famshyilies few of which still live in this rapidly developing area The Piper family was one of the few to remain when drought defeated many farmers The Piper home is a folk architectural style known as an I house It has steep front- and back-facing centered gables The house retains its original front porch and interior floors and wood panelling The eucalyptus grove next to the house is part of the original timber claim filed by the Pipers in 1887

It is hoped that the house can be moved before it

9

is destroyed through development In the event that on-site preservation is not possible a HABS-Ievel record is being made of the ranch house The house was documented by Stephen Van Wormer and William manley who drew detailed plans of the structure Photographs were taken of the interior and exterior by the noted preservation photographer Marvin Rand A report is in preparation describing the house and the importance of preserving informashytion from the rural past

ANdERSON MARSh STATE

HiSTORic PARk

This summers field season marked the fourth year that the Cultural Heritage Council has run Archaeological and Native American Culture Field Schools at the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park The program began in 1984 with a $40000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities

During the past four years 150 students have learned about California Native American culture and archaeology This years 20 students ranged in age from 11 to over 50 years They came from all over California and as far away as Iowa

During the first week of the program particishypants learned how to manufacture stone tools tule huts and mats shell beads bamboo whistles clapper sticks and much more

The second week was spent on archaeological site CA-LAK-589 where the students learned to locate map and collect artifacts from both a surface grid and from excavations Materials recovered were brought to the field lab where students washed sortshyed identified weighed and cataloged their discovershyies The final step was entering the artifact data into the computer

The archaeological work is limited to mapping and collecting surface artifacts The entire 72000 square meter site has been mapped in 30 meter blocks Each 30 meter block is broken into 10 meter squares Students are assigned a 10 meter square and must grid map and collect all surface artifacts from each square and perform a 10 cm deep excavashytion of the northwest 2 x 2 meter square in their grid

In four years 4200 square meters of CA-LAKshy589 have been systematically mapped and collectshyed-this represents 575 of the total site area The data collected provides a Table of Contents for the site as a whole Already we are getting an idea of what portions of the site were utilized during differshyent time periods

Out of the 1000 artifacts cataloged this year 16 were stone tool specimens known to represent certain time periods Six small Rattlesnake corner-notched points represent the period from 1200 years ago to 1830 Five Houx non-stemmed points three Willits stemmed points and one deep concave base point indicate habitation between 6000 and 1200 years ago The most interesting of the stone tools found this season was half of a crescent (see drawing) Crescents are generally indicative of 9000 to 12000 year old habitation Although this years crescent was made from chert obsidian crescent fragments from previous years have returned hydration readshyings between 83 and 97 microns

In addition to the prehistoric material a broken 1860 beer bottle hundreds of square nails broken pieces of medicine bottles early forms of barbed wire and lots of cow bones were recovered Not far away were found a bent and broken pair of spectacles datshying from the 1800s

Park Ranger Floyd Lemleys historical research turned up an 1850s cabin in the general vicinity We hope that a study of the distribution of historic artishyfacts and square nails will tell us if this was the locashytion of the 1850 cabin

Materials recovered by the Cultural Heritage Council Archaeological Program have prompted the writing of three articles and numerous professional presentations concerning the archaeology of the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park and the Clear Lake Basin in general The lithic faunal and historshyical materials are available to researchers who have an interest in the prehistory of this area For more information contact Breck Parkman (707) 576-2332 or John Parker (213) 644-6141

) -- shy

Drawing by Pat Peterson

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

school building and a few residences were still standshying The Department has since restored or reconshystructed the school Col Allensworths residence the library two retail stores and most recently the Hindsman and Smith homes Outbuildings on the Smith lot have also been reconstructed a small bam smokehouse chicken pen separator house and privy

Archaeological testing at the Smith lot revealed the corner posts of the barn and the area of the smokehouse both buildings were present before 1920 The artifacts recovered however were mainly fragments from 1940s-1050s trash scatters As an irony not untypical of field work the Office of State Architects construction crew removing the deterioshyrated back porch addition of the Smith house uncovshyered a trash deposit which included 55 whole bottles Their dates of manufacture range from 1900-1010 to the 1940s Several styles were designed for local wineries including an unusually ornate bottle patented by a Fresno vintner in 1940

For information on the Allensworth project or the bottle assemblage contact Betty Rivers State Archaeology Laboratory 2572 Port Street West Sacramento CA 95691

EMpLOYMENT OPPORTUNiTY Chambers Group Inc seeks several field archaeshy

ologists with previous experience in Fresno County to work on a data recovery project in the Sierra foothills Fieldwork will run from October 5-23 1987 Applicants from the Fresno area with previous exposure to Valley Fever are preferred but other applicants will be considered Send vita address and phone number and a copy of skin test results for Valshyley Fever (whether positive or negative) to Dr Philip de Barros Chambers Group Inc 2933-B Pullman St Santa Ana CA 92705 (Tel 7141261-5414 ext 25) Skin tests can be administered by your physician by a lab referred by your physician or at the Valley Medical Center in the Fresno area Those who have already had Valley Fever may substitute a signed physicians statement to that effect

A PlEA fOR HELp bullbullbull Since I am very interested in antique tobacco

pipes I would like to know whether you can help me with my research

As you probably know it is very difficult to find literature on tobacco pipes Therefore I would like to ask you whether you can provide me with some artishycles that have been published in the archaeological journals

Also of interest are addresses of museums with pipe collections and other archaeological societies

Thank you for your help

Bert van der Lingen Hollandse kade 1B 3651 LS Woerdense Verlaat The Netherlands

LETTER TO TIiE EdiTOR Dear Editor

It is no wonder that proponents of S 7 (the Cranston bill which would create an National Park in the East Mojave Desert California) are concerned that fragile resources are not being protected under current administration when a blatant example of resource abuse lies right under the newly construct Bureau of Land Management office in Needles Archaeological remains were knowingly destroyed during the construction of this office The BLM Manshyager acting in a conflicting role as the Citys Envishyronmental Review Commissioner made a motion to ignore the archaeologists recommendations for removing the artifacts prior to earth leveling activishyties for the BLM office site

While the approximately $300000 Needles BLM office building (which win cost taxpayers over a milshylion dollars in rent in the next 10 years as the BLM will never own it) was being constructed the $200 chain barrier stolen from Ft Paiute (one of two 100shyyear old historic sites in the East Mojave Desert on the National Register) went unrepaired for lack of funds

The BLM Desert Plan provides a wonderful wellshybalanced set of rules for the maintenance of nonshyrenewable desert resources yet it is responsible manshyagement which is the key to whether these rules are implemented or not A more rational and economicalshyly sound approach to the East Mojave problem is not to change the rules again but to put managers in charge who are primarily concerned with implementshying the Desert Plan rather than building palaces in the desert

R A Musser-Lopez 420 E Street Needles CA 92363

6

I

SCA EXECUTivE BOARd MEETiNGS SET

SCA President Susan Hector has set Executive Board meetings for the following dates

October 10 1987 January 16 1988 March 24 1988

Because most board members live in Southern California most meetings will be in the south posshysibly at UCLA The March 24 1988 meeting will be in Redding during the Annual Meetings Also a meeting may be scheduled with the Southern Data Sharing Meetings Contact Susan or any of the other officers for details

NORTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

1 1981 AT UC DAVis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322-1506 for

additional information

7

SOUTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

10 1981 AT UCLA

The Southern California Data Sharing Meetings will be held in room 51 in the basement of Kinsey Hall on the UCLA campus Coffee and donuts at 830 AM presentations begin at 900 and continue till 400 An SCA Executive Board Meeting is scheduled between 400 and 600 PM UCLAs archaeology labs will be open for tours and a social gathering after the meeting will be held in the graduate student lounge on the same floor

Anyone interested in presenting a paper is invitshyed to submit a short outline and title Presentations should be limited to 15-20 minutes in length (a slide projector will be available)

No registration fee will be charged however there is a $300 parking fee Speakers will receive free parking passes

Presentation outlines must be submitted by Octoshyber 3 to be considered Send outlines to John Parker Archaeology Survey Institute of Archaeology UCLA Los Angeles CA 90024 For information call (213) 825-1720 or 644-6141

J

middotl

t

A PERTiNENT LETTER

fROM TI-tE OREGON SHPO May 181987

Sara Scott CH2M Hill PO Box 428 Corvallis OR 97339

RE Newsletter Article [Association of Oregon Archaeologists Newsletter - ed]

Dear Ms Scott

Here in the SHPO Office we have noticed an increased number of excavations in Oregon on sites that have not been given permanent Smithsonian style numbers from the State Historic Preservation Office This numbering system was created so that everyone would use the same data system and would know exactly which site was being tested and where it is located with no chance of confusion Professionshyals should refuse to do any work on a site unless it has a permanent Smithsonian number No agency work should be done without a permanent Smithsoshynian number on a site and these numbers should be used in the cataloging system for the artifacts

No site number will be given without a site form but we will take temporary hand written forms so that you can get numbers and we will phone you the numshybers once we get the forms to expedite the process [It is] the opinion of the SHPO office that there is no excuse for not using a permanent number on an archaeological site and on all of the data and notes used in any kind of testing on any archaeological site within the State of Oregon

Sincerely

signed

Dr Leland Gilsen SHPO Archaeologist

[Editors note At the suggestion of the California Office of Historic Preservation the SCA resolved more than five years ago to use only proper trinomishyals in the Newsletter and other SCA publications]

NEXT NEWS DEAdLiNE

OCTobER 2~ 1981

Tl-tiRd CAlifORNiA

INdiAN CONfERENCE

The Third California Indian Conference will be held October 16-181987 at the Santa Barbara Museshyum of Natural History This year the conference is co-sponsored by the Museum in cooperation with the University of California Santa Barbara Departshyments of Anthropology and Linguistics

The conference has been organized to foster sharshying of information regarding the culture of Native Californians Contributing papers cover a wide range of fields including ethnography history linguistics archaeology folklore and issues of concern to conshytemporary California Indians

This year ten symposia have been planned for the conference (see list below) In addition to planned symposia there is time available for volunteered papers

There will be a registration fee of $2500 at the meetings (students $1500) For more information contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105

Planned Symposia

(1) Critical Issues in California Ethnography (Lowshyell Bean CSU Hayward)

(2) Folklore and Mythology (William Simmons UC Berkeley Anthropology Department)

(3) Contemporary Linguistic Studies (Marianne Mithun UCSB Linguistics Department)

(4) Linguistic Prehistory (Michael Glassow UCSB Anthropology Department)

(5) Rock Art Studies (William Hyder UCSB Anthropology Department)

(6) Indians and Anthropologists Working Together (Dorothea Theodoratus CSU Sacramento Anthropolshyogy Department)

(7) Material Culture Studies (Clinton Blount Theodoratus Cultural Resources)

(8) Native Californian Museums (Hartman Lomawaima Lowie Museum of Anthropology)

(9) The Evolution of Chumash Social Complexity (Thomas Blackburn Cal Poly Pomona)

(10) Important Research Issues in Native Californishyan Studies (Victor Golla George Washington Univershysity Linguistics Department)

8

BLM TAkES ACTioN TO PROshyTECT ARCI1AEOLoGicAL VALuES

Bureau of Land Management law enforcement officers found 14 locations where archaeological valshyues were being damaged during a recent aerial sweep of central and eastern Oregon northeastern Califorshynia and northwest Nevada

Public agencies are paying particular attention to the regions archaeological values Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt has proclaimed July 12-18 as Oreshygon Archaeological Resources Protection week

BLMs Oregon-Washington State Director Bill Luscher said the recent sweep was the first phase of the largest aerial surveillance and detection program ever planned in archaeological enforcement It is part of BLMs Operation SAVE-Save Archaeological Values for Everyone He said the public can report archaeological looting or vandalism by calling a tollshyfree number 1-800-333-SAVE

Luscher said that the areas flown have traditionshyally been the targets of illegal artifact collecting During the sweep agents seized 70 artifacts which had been removed illegally from public lands Those involved were cited or warned

MESSAGE fROM TI1E PRESidENT I hope everyone had a restful summer and is now

ready to get back to work We have spent the sumshymer acting on some of the issues raised during the last Executive Board meeting The results are preshysented below

1 I have a happy announcement to make Jim Woodward has agreed to come back as chair of the Membership Committee Jim was very successful in promoting the SCA when he served in this capacity a few years ago I am optimistic that the Board can work with Jim to come up with some new ideas for increasing our membership especially among stushydents If you have any ideas about the membership please drop me a note or give me a call

2 All of the students should be writing their papers for submittal to the SCA Student Paper Award Data papers will be cheerfully accepted This is an excelshylent opportunity to practice preparing papers for pubshylication as well as to garner recognition for original research Please consider submitting for this award

3 The guidelines for preparation of the Proceedings papers will be ready soon and will be mailed to authors who notified me before the deadline I anticshyipate a healthy volume will be available in Redding

4 I encourage all to attend their local Data Sharing meetings These meetings are a great opportunity to meet people and talk about regional issues To those who will prepare papers to present at the meetings I encourage you to expand or edit the reports for preshysentation in Redding The Data Sharing meetings can be a good forum for presenting preliminary data or ideas for later expansion Perhaps you can form symposia with like-minded individuals you meet at the Data Sharing meeting

S Please submit brief notes or comments on any recent archaeological work that you have been involved in to the Newsletter editors Everyone has been so busy doing the work that the reports of results have been scarce It only takes a few minutes to jot down a paragraph or two on your efforts Also reference the report(s) that would describe the work more completely The following is an example of what I mean

TI1E PiPER RANCI1 HOUSE CiTY of SAN DiEGO

I have recently been involved through RECON in a historic project directed toward preserving some of San Diegos rural past The Piper Ranch House is located two miles from the Mexican border on Otay Mesa in San Diego County The house dates to the late 1880s and was built by the Piper family who until recently still liven on the property Between 1870 and 1890 numerous farming communities were established in San Diego County This was due to real estate promotion and the lure of inexpensive agricultural land Otay Mesa was promoted as a rich farmland with high potential for cereal and fruit production Promoters planned to bring water to pershymit extensive farming In 1887 the Piper family filed a 160-acre timber claim after moving south from Orange County By 1890 Otay Mesa was an estabshylished community with a school church post office and blacksmith shop The Alta School District was organized in January 1886 the site of the school is still preserved on City ofSan Diego property

Otay Mesa was settled by German Lutheran famshyilies few of which still live in this rapidly developing area The Piper family was one of the few to remain when drought defeated many farmers The Piper home is a folk architectural style known as an I house It has steep front- and back-facing centered gables The house retains its original front porch and interior floors and wood panelling The eucalyptus grove next to the house is part of the original timber claim filed by the Pipers in 1887

It is hoped that the house can be moved before it

9

is destroyed through development In the event that on-site preservation is not possible a HABS-Ievel record is being made of the ranch house The house was documented by Stephen Van Wormer and William manley who drew detailed plans of the structure Photographs were taken of the interior and exterior by the noted preservation photographer Marvin Rand A report is in preparation describing the house and the importance of preserving informashytion from the rural past

ANdERSON MARSh STATE

HiSTORic PARk

This summers field season marked the fourth year that the Cultural Heritage Council has run Archaeological and Native American Culture Field Schools at the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park The program began in 1984 with a $40000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities

During the past four years 150 students have learned about California Native American culture and archaeology This years 20 students ranged in age from 11 to over 50 years They came from all over California and as far away as Iowa

During the first week of the program particishypants learned how to manufacture stone tools tule huts and mats shell beads bamboo whistles clapper sticks and much more

The second week was spent on archaeological site CA-LAK-589 where the students learned to locate map and collect artifacts from both a surface grid and from excavations Materials recovered were brought to the field lab where students washed sortshyed identified weighed and cataloged their discovershyies The final step was entering the artifact data into the computer

The archaeological work is limited to mapping and collecting surface artifacts The entire 72000 square meter site has been mapped in 30 meter blocks Each 30 meter block is broken into 10 meter squares Students are assigned a 10 meter square and must grid map and collect all surface artifacts from each square and perform a 10 cm deep excavashytion of the northwest 2 x 2 meter square in their grid

In four years 4200 square meters of CA-LAKshy589 have been systematically mapped and collectshyed-this represents 575 of the total site area The data collected provides a Table of Contents for the site as a whole Already we are getting an idea of what portions of the site were utilized during differshyent time periods

Out of the 1000 artifacts cataloged this year 16 were stone tool specimens known to represent certain time periods Six small Rattlesnake corner-notched points represent the period from 1200 years ago to 1830 Five Houx non-stemmed points three Willits stemmed points and one deep concave base point indicate habitation between 6000 and 1200 years ago The most interesting of the stone tools found this season was half of a crescent (see drawing) Crescents are generally indicative of 9000 to 12000 year old habitation Although this years crescent was made from chert obsidian crescent fragments from previous years have returned hydration readshyings between 83 and 97 microns

In addition to the prehistoric material a broken 1860 beer bottle hundreds of square nails broken pieces of medicine bottles early forms of barbed wire and lots of cow bones were recovered Not far away were found a bent and broken pair of spectacles datshying from the 1800s

Park Ranger Floyd Lemleys historical research turned up an 1850s cabin in the general vicinity We hope that a study of the distribution of historic artishyfacts and square nails will tell us if this was the locashytion of the 1850 cabin

Materials recovered by the Cultural Heritage Council Archaeological Program have prompted the writing of three articles and numerous professional presentations concerning the archaeology of the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park and the Clear Lake Basin in general The lithic faunal and historshyical materials are available to researchers who have an interest in the prehistory of this area For more information contact Breck Parkman (707) 576-2332 or John Parker (213) 644-6141

) -- shy

Drawing by Pat Peterson

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

I

SCA EXECUTivE BOARd MEETiNGS SET

SCA President Susan Hector has set Executive Board meetings for the following dates

October 10 1987 January 16 1988 March 24 1988

Because most board members live in Southern California most meetings will be in the south posshysibly at UCLA The March 24 1988 meeting will be in Redding during the Annual Meetings Also a meeting may be scheduled with the Southern Data Sharing Meetings Contact Susan or any of the other officers for details

NORTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

1 1981 AT UC DAVis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322-1506 for

additional information

7

SOUTIiERN CAlifoRNiA DATA SIiARiNG MEETiNGS OCTobER

10 1981 AT UCLA

The Southern California Data Sharing Meetings will be held in room 51 in the basement of Kinsey Hall on the UCLA campus Coffee and donuts at 830 AM presentations begin at 900 and continue till 400 An SCA Executive Board Meeting is scheduled between 400 and 600 PM UCLAs archaeology labs will be open for tours and a social gathering after the meeting will be held in the graduate student lounge on the same floor

Anyone interested in presenting a paper is invitshyed to submit a short outline and title Presentations should be limited to 15-20 minutes in length (a slide projector will be available)

No registration fee will be charged however there is a $300 parking fee Speakers will receive free parking passes

Presentation outlines must be submitted by Octoshyber 3 to be considered Send outlines to John Parker Archaeology Survey Institute of Archaeology UCLA Los Angeles CA 90024 For information call (213) 825-1720 or 644-6141

J

middotl

t

A PERTiNENT LETTER

fROM TI-tE OREGON SHPO May 181987

Sara Scott CH2M Hill PO Box 428 Corvallis OR 97339

RE Newsletter Article [Association of Oregon Archaeologists Newsletter - ed]

Dear Ms Scott

Here in the SHPO Office we have noticed an increased number of excavations in Oregon on sites that have not been given permanent Smithsonian style numbers from the State Historic Preservation Office This numbering system was created so that everyone would use the same data system and would know exactly which site was being tested and where it is located with no chance of confusion Professionshyals should refuse to do any work on a site unless it has a permanent Smithsonian number No agency work should be done without a permanent Smithsoshynian number on a site and these numbers should be used in the cataloging system for the artifacts

No site number will be given without a site form but we will take temporary hand written forms so that you can get numbers and we will phone you the numshybers once we get the forms to expedite the process [It is] the opinion of the SHPO office that there is no excuse for not using a permanent number on an archaeological site and on all of the data and notes used in any kind of testing on any archaeological site within the State of Oregon

Sincerely

signed

Dr Leland Gilsen SHPO Archaeologist

[Editors note At the suggestion of the California Office of Historic Preservation the SCA resolved more than five years ago to use only proper trinomishyals in the Newsletter and other SCA publications]

NEXT NEWS DEAdLiNE

OCTobER 2~ 1981

Tl-tiRd CAlifORNiA

INdiAN CONfERENCE

The Third California Indian Conference will be held October 16-181987 at the Santa Barbara Museshyum of Natural History This year the conference is co-sponsored by the Museum in cooperation with the University of California Santa Barbara Departshyments of Anthropology and Linguistics

The conference has been organized to foster sharshying of information regarding the culture of Native Californians Contributing papers cover a wide range of fields including ethnography history linguistics archaeology folklore and issues of concern to conshytemporary California Indians

This year ten symposia have been planned for the conference (see list below) In addition to planned symposia there is time available for volunteered papers

There will be a registration fee of $2500 at the meetings (students $1500) For more information contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105

Planned Symposia

(1) Critical Issues in California Ethnography (Lowshyell Bean CSU Hayward)

(2) Folklore and Mythology (William Simmons UC Berkeley Anthropology Department)

(3) Contemporary Linguistic Studies (Marianne Mithun UCSB Linguistics Department)

(4) Linguistic Prehistory (Michael Glassow UCSB Anthropology Department)

(5) Rock Art Studies (William Hyder UCSB Anthropology Department)

(6) Indians and Anthropologists Working Together (Dorothea Theodoratus CSU Sacramento Anthropolshyogy Department)

(7) Material Culture Studies (Clinton Blount Theodoratus Cultural Resources)

(8) Native Californian Museums (Hartman Lomawaima Lowie Museum of Anthropology)

(9) The Evolution of Chumash Social Complexity (Thomas Blackburn Cal Poly Pomona)

(10) Important Research Issues in Native Californishyan Studies (Victor Golla George Washington Univershysity Linguistics Department)

8

BLM TAkES ACTioN TO PROshyTECT ARCI1AEOLoGicAL VALuES

Bureau of Land Management law enforcement officers found 14 locations where archaeological valshyues were being damaged during a recent aerial sweep of central and eastern Oregon northeastern Califorshynia and northwest Nevada

Public agencies are paying particular attention to the regions archaeological values Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt has proclaimed July 12-18 as Oreshygon Archaeological Resources Protection week

BLMs Oregon-Washington State Director Bill Luscher said the recent sweep was the first phase of the largest aerial surveillance and detection program ever planned in archaeological enforcement It is part of BLMs Operation SAVE-Save Archaeological Values for Everyone He said the public can report archaeological looting or vandalism by calling a tollshyfree number 1-800-333-SAVE

Luscher said that the areas flown have traditionshyally been the targets of illegal artifact collecting During the sweep agents seized 70 artifacts which had been removed illegally from public lands Those involved were cited or warned

MESSAGE fROM TI1E PRESidENT I hope everyone had a restful summer and is now

ready to get back to work We have spent the sumshymer acting on some of the issues raised during the last Executive Board meeting The results are preshysented below

1 I have a happy announcement to make Jim Woodward has agreed to come back as chair of the Membership Committee Jim was very successful in promoting the SCA when he served in this capacity a few years ago I am optimistic that the Board can work with Jim to come up with some new ideas for increasing our membership especially among stushydents If you have any ideas about the membership please drop me a note or give me a call

2 All of the students should be writing their papers for submittal to the SCA Student Paper Award Data papers will be cheerfully accepted This is an excelshylent opportunity to practice preparing papers for pubshylication as well as to garner recognition for original research Please consider submitting for this award

3 The guidelines for preparation of the Proceedings papers will be ready soon and will be mailed to authors who notified me before the deadline I anticshyipate a healthy volume will be available in Redding

4 I encourage all to attend their local Data Sharing meetings These meetings are a great opportunity to meet people and talk about regional issues To those who will prepare papers to present at the meetings I encourage you to expand or edit the reports for preshysentation in Redding The Data Sharing meetings can be a good forum for presenting preliminary data or ideas for later expansion Perhaps you can form symposia with like-minded individuals you meet at the Data Sharing meeting

S Please submit brief notes or comments on any recent archaeological work that you have been involved in to the Newsletter editors Everyone has been so busy doing the work that the reports of results have been scarce It only takes a few minutes to jot down a paragraph or two on your efforts Also reference the report(s) that would describe the work more completely The following is an example of what I mean

TI1E PiPER RANCI1 HOUSE CiTY of SAN DiEGO

I have recently been involved through RECON in a historic project directed toward preserving some of San Diegos rural past The Piper Ranch House is located two miles from the Mexican border on Otay Mesa in San Diego County The house dates to the late 1880s and was built by the Piper family who until recently still liven on the property Between 1870 and 1890 numerous farming communities were established in San Diego County This was due to real estate promotion and the lure of inexpensive agricultural land Otay Mesa was promoted as a rich farmland with high potential for cereal and fruit production Promoters planned to bring water to pershymit extensive farming In 1887 the Piper family filed a 160-acre timber claim after moving south from Orange County By 1890 Otay Mesa was an estabshylished community with a school church post office and blacksmith shop The Alta School District was organized in January 1886 the site of the school is still preserved on City ofSan Diego property

Otay Mesa was settled by German Lutheran famshyilies few of which still live in this rapidly developing area The Piper family was one of the few to remain when drought defeated many farmers The Piper home is a folk architectural style known as an I house It has steep front- and back-facing centered gables The house retains its original front porch and interior floors and wood panelling The eucalyptus grove next to the house is part of the original timber claim filed by the Pipers in 1887

It is hoped that the house can be moved before it

9

is destroyed through development In the event that on-site preservation is not possible a HABS-Ievel record is being made of the ranch house The house was documented by Stephen Van Wormer and William manley who drew detailed plans of the structure Photographs were taken of the interior and exterior by the noted preservation photographer Marvin Rand A report is in preparation describing the house and the importance of preserving informashytion from the rural past

ANdERSON MARSh STATE

HiSTORic PARk

This summers field season marked the fourth year that the Cultural Heritage Council has run Archaeological and Native American Culture Field Schools at the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park The program began in 1984 with a $40000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities

During the past four years 150 students have learned about California Native American culture and archaeology This years 20 students ranged in age from 11 to over 50 years They came from all over California and as far away as Iowa

During the first week of the program particishypants learned how to manufacture stone tools tule huts and mats shell beads bamboo whistles clapper sticks and much more

The second week was spent on archaeological site CA-LAK-589 where the students learned to locate map and collect artifacts from both a surface grid and from excavations Materials recovered were brought to the field lab where students washed sortshyed identified weighed and cataloged their discovershyies The final step was entering the artifact data into the computer

The archaeological work is limited to mapping and collecting surface artifacts The entire 72000 square meter site has been mapped in 30 meter blocks Each 30 meter block is broken into 10 meter squares Students are assigned a 10 meter square and must grid map and collect all surface artifacts from each square and perform a 10 cm deep excavashytion of the northwest 2 x 2 meter square in their grid

In four years 4200 square meters of CA-LAKshy589 have been systematically mapped and collectshyed-this represents 575 of the total site area The data collected provides a Table of Contents for the site as a whole Already we are getting an idea of what portions of the site were utilized during differshyent time periods

Out of the 1000 artifacts cataloged this year 16 were stone tool specimens known to represent certain time periods Six small Rattlesnake corner-notched points represent the period from 1200 years ago to 1830 Five Houx non-stemmed points three Willits stemmed points and one deep concave base point indicate habitation between 6000 and 1200 years ago The most interesting of the stone tools found this season was half of a crescent (see drawing) Crescents are generally indicative of 9000 to 12000 year old habitation Although this years crescent was made from chert obsidian crescent fragments from previous years have returned hydration readshyings between 83 and 97 microns

In addition to the prehistoric material a broken 1860 beer bottle hundreds of square nails broken pieces of medicine bottles early forms of barbed wire and lots of cow bones were recovered Not far away were found a bent and broken pair of spectacles datshying from the 1800s

Park Ranger Floyd Lemleys historical research turned up an 1850s cabin in the general vicinity We hope that a study of the distribution of historic artishyfacts and square nails will tell us if this was the locashytion of the 1850 cabin

Materials recovered by the Cultural Heritage Council Archaeological Program have prompted the writing of three articles and numerous professional presentations concerning the archaeology of the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park and the Clear Lake Basin in general The lithic faunal and historshyical materials are available to researchers who have an interest in the prehistory of this area For more information contact Breck Parkman (707) 576-2332 or John Parker (213) 644-6141

) -- shy

Drawing by Pat Peterson

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

middotl

t

A PERTiNENT LETTER

fROM TI-tE OREGON SHPO May 181987

Sara Scott CH2M Hill PO Box 428 Corvallis OR 97339

RE Newsletter Article [Association of Oregon Archaeologists Newsletter - ed]

Dear Ms Scott

Here in the SHPO Office we have noticed an increased number of excavations in Oregon on sites that have not been given permanent Smithsonian style numbers from the State Historic Preservation Office This numbering system was created so that everyone would use the same data system and would know exactly which site was being tested and where it is located with no chance of confusion Professionshyals should refuse to do any work on a site unless it has a permanent Smithsonian number No agency work should be done without a permanent Smithsoshynian number on a site and these numbers should be used in the cataloging system for the artifacts

No site number will be given without a site form but we will take temporary hand written forms so that you can get numbers and we will phone you the numshybers once we get the forms to expedite the process [It is] the opinion of the SHPO office that there is no excuse for not using a permanent number on an archaeological site and on all of the data and notes used in any kind of testing on any archaeological site within the State of Oregon

Sincerely

signed

Dr Leland Gilsen SHPO Archaeologist

[Editors note At the suggestion of the California Office of Historic Preservation the SCA resolved more than five years ago to use only proper trinomishyals in the Newsletter and other SCA publications]

NEXT NEWS DEAdLiNE

OCTobER 2~ 1981

Tl-tiRd CAlifORNiA

INdiAN CONfERENCE

The Third California Indian Conference will be held October 16-181987 at the Santa Barbara Museshyum of Natural History This year the conference is co-sponsored by the Museum in cooperation with the University of California Santa Barbara Departshyments of Anthropology and Linguistics

The conference has been organized to foster sharshying of information regarding the culture of Native Californians Contributing papers cover a wide range of fields including ethnography history linguistics archaeology folklore and issues of concern to conshytemporary California Indians

This year ten symposia have been planned for the conference (see list below) In addition to planned symposia there is time available for volunteered papers

There will be a registration fee of $2500 at the meetings (students $1500) For more information contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105

Planned Symposia

(1) Critical Issues in California Ethnography (Lowshyell Bean CSU Hayward)

(2) Folklore and Mythology (William Simmons UC Berkeley Anthropology Department)

(3) Contemporary Linguistic Studies (Marianne Mithun UCSB Linguistics Department)

(4) Linguistic Prehistory (Michael Glassow UCSB Anthropology Department)

(5) Rock Art Studies (William Hyder UCSB Anthropology Department)

(6) Indians and Anthropologists Working Together (Dorothea Theodoratus CSU Sacramento Anthropolshyogy Department)

(7) Material Culture Studies (Clinton Blount Theodoratus Cultural Resources)

(8) Native Californian Museums (Hartman Lomawaima Lowie Museum of Anthropology)

(9) The Evolution of Chumash Social Complexity (Thomas Blackburn Cal Poly Pomona)

(10) Important Research Issues in Native Californishyan Studies (Victor Golla George Washington Univershysity Linguistics Department)

8

BLM TAkES ACTioN TO PROshyTECT ARCI1AEOLoGicAL VALuES

Bureau of Land Management law enforcement officers found 14 locations where archaeological valshyues were being damaged during a recent aerial sweep of central and eastern Oregon northeastern Califorshynia and northwest Nevada

Public agencies are paying particular attention to the regions archaeological values Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt has proclaimed July 12-18 as Oreshygon Archaeological Resources Protection week

BLMs Oregon-Washington State Director Bill Luscher said the recent sweep was the first phase of the largest aerial surveillance and detection program ever planned in archaeological enforcement It is part of BLMs Operation SAVE-Save Archaeological Values for Everyone He said the public can report archaeological looting or vandalism by calling a tollshyfree number 1-800-333-SAVE

Luscher said that the areas flown have traditionshyally been the targets of illegal artifact collecting During the sweep agents seized 70 artifacts which had been removed illegally from public lands Those involved were cited or warned

MESSAGE fROM TI1E PRESidENT I hope everyone had a restful summer and is now

ready to get back to work We have spent the sumshymer acting on some of the issues raised during the last Executive Board meeting The results are preshysented below

1 I have a happy announcement to make Jim Woodward has agreed to come back as chair of the Membership Committee Jim was very successful in promoting the SCA when he served in this capacity a few years ago I am optimistic that the Board can work with Jim to come up with some new ideas for increasing our membership especially among stushydents If you have any ideas about the membership please drop me a note or give me a call

2 All of the students should be writing their papers for submittal to the SCA Student Paper Award Data papers will be cheerfully accepted This is an excelshylent opportunity to practice preparing papers for pubshylication as well as to garner recognition for original research Please consider submitting for this award

3 The guidelines for preparation of the Proceedings papers will be ready soon and will be mailed to authors who notified me before the deadline I anticshyipate a healthy volume will be available in Redding

4 I encourage all to attend their local Data Sharing meetings These meetings are a great opportunity to meet people and talk about regional issues To those who will prepare papers to present at the meetings I encourage you to expand or edit the reports for preshysentation in Redding The Data Sharing meetings can be a good forum for presenting preliminary data or ideas for later expansion Perhaps you can form symposia with like-minded individuals you meet at the Data Sharing meeting

S Please submit brief notes or comments on any recent archaeological work that you have been involved in to the Newsletter editors Everyone has been so busy doing the work that the reports of results have been scarce It only takes a few minutes to jot down a paragraph or two on your efforts Also reference the report(s) that would describe the work more completely The following is an example of what I mean

TI1E PiPER RANCI1 HOUSE CiTY of SAN DiEGO

I have recently been involved through RECON in a historic project directed toward preserving some of San Diegos rural past The Piper Ranch House is located two miles from the Mexican border on Otay Mesa in San Diego County The house dates to the late 1880s and was built by the Piper family who until recently still liven on the property Between 1870 and 1890 numerous farming communities were established in San Diego County This was due to real estate promotion and the lure of inexpensive agricultural land Otay Mesa was promoted as a rich farmland with high potential for cereal and fruit production Promoters planned to bring water to pershymit extensive farming In 1887 the Piper family filed a 160-acre timber claim after moving south from Orange County By 1890 Otay Mesa was an estabshylished community with a school church post office and blacksmith shop The Alta School District was organized in January 1886 the site of the school is still preserved on City ofSan Diego property

Otay Mesa was settled by German Lutheran famshyilies few of which still live in this rapidly developing area The Piper family was one of the few to remain when drought defeated many farmers The Piper home is a folk architectural style known as an I house It has steep front- and back-facing centered gables The house retains its original front porch and interior floors and wood panelling The eucalyptus grove next to the house is part of the original timber claim filed by the Pipers in 1887

It is hoped that the house can be moved before it

9

is destroyed through development In the event that on-site preservation is not possible a HABS-Ievel record is being made of the ranch house The house was documented by Stephen Van Wormer and William manley who drew detailed plans of the structure Photographs were taken of the interior and exterior by the noted preservation photographer Marvin Rand A report is in preparation describing the house and the importance of preserving informashytion from the rural past

ANdERSON MARSh STATE

HiSTORic PARk

This summers field season marked the fourth year that the Cultural Heritage Council has run Archaeological and Native American Culture Field Schools at the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park The program began in 1984 with a $40000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities

During the past four years 150 students have learned about California Native American culture and archaeology This years 20 students ranged in age from 11 to over 50 years They came from all over California and as far away as Iowa

During the first week of the program particishypants learned how to manufacture stone tools tule huts and mats shell beads bamboo whistles clapper sticks and much more

The second week was spent on archaeological site CA-LAK-589 where the students learned to locate map and collect artifacts from both a surface grid and from excavations Materials recovered were brought to the field lab where students washed sortshyed identified weighed and cataloged their discovershyies The final step was entering the artifact data into the computer

The archaeological work is limited to mapping and collecting surface artifacts The entire 72000 square meter site has been mapped in 30 meter blocks Each 30 meter block is broken into 10 meter squares Students are assigned a 10 meter square and must grid map and collect all surface artifacts from each square and perform a 10 cm deep excavashytion of the northwest 2 x 2 meter square in their grid

In four years 4200 square meters of CA-LAKshy589 have been systematically mapped and collectshyed-this represents 575 of the total site area The data collected provides a Table of Contents for the site as a whole Already we are getting an idea of what portions of the site were utilized during differshyent time periods

Out of the 1000 artifacts cataloged this year 16 were stone tool specimens known to represent certain time periods Six small Rattlesnake corner-notched points represent the period from 1200 years ago to 1830 Five Houx non-stemmed points three Willits stemmed points and one deep concave base point indicate habitation between 6000 and 1200 years ago The most interesting of the stone tools found this season was half of a crescent (see drawing) Crescents are generally indicative of 9000 to 12000 year old habitation Although this years crescent was made from chert obsidian crescent fragments from previous years have returned hydration readshyings between 83 and 97 microns

In addition to the prehistoric material a broken 1860 beer bottle hundreds of square nails broken pieces of medicine bottles early forms of barbed wire and lots of cow bones were recovered Not far away were found a bent and broken pair of spectacles datshying from the 1800s

Park Ranger Floyd Lemleys historical research turned up an 1850s cabin in the general vicinity We hope that a study of the distribution of historic artishyfacts and square nails will tell us if this was the locashytion of the 1850 cabin

Materials recovered by the Cultural Heritage Council Archaeological Program have prompted the writing of three articles and numerous professional presentations concerning the archaeology of the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park and the Clear Lake Basin in general The lithic faunal and historshyical materials are available to researchers who have an interest in the prehistory of this area For more information contact Breck Parkman (707) 576-2332 or John Parker (213) 644-6141

) -- shy

Drawing by Pat Peterson

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

BLM TAkES ACTioN TO PROshyTECT ARCI1AEOLoGicAL VALuES

Bureau of Land Management law enforcement officers found 14 locations where archaeological valshyues were being damaged during a recent aerial sweep of central and eastern Oregon northeastern Califorshynia and northwest Nevada

Public agencies are paying particular attention to the regions archaeological values Oregon Governor Neil Goldschmidt has proclaimed July 12-18 as Oreshygon Archaeological Resources Protection week

BLMs Oregon-Washington State Director Bill Luscher said the recent sweep was the first phase of the largest aerial surveillance and detection program ever planned in archaeological enforcement It is part of BLMs Operation SAVE-Save Archaeological Values for Everyone He said the public can report archaeological looting or vandalism by calling a tollshyfree number 1-800-333-SAVE

Luscher said that the areas flown have traditionshyally been the targets of illegal artifact collecting During the sweep agents seized 70 artifacts which had been removed illegally from public lands Those involved were cited or warned

MESSAGE fROM TI1E PRESidENT I hope everyone had a restful summer and is now

ready to get back to work We have spent the sumshymer acting on some of the issues raised during the last Executive Board meeting The results are preshysented below

1 I have a happy announcement to make Jim Woodward has agreed to come back as chair of the Membership Committee Jim was very successful in promoting the SCA when he served in this capacity a few years ago I am optimistic that the Board can work with Jim to come up with some new ideas for increasing our membership especially among stushydents If you have any ideas about the membership please drop me a note or give me a call

2 All of the students should be writing their papers for submittal to the SCA Student Paper Award Data papers will be cheerfully accepted This is an excelshylent opportunity to practice preparing papers for pubshylication as well as to garner recognition for original research Please consider submitting for this award

3 The guidelines for preparation of the Proceedings papers will be ready soon and will be mailed to authors who notified me before the deadline I anticshyipate a healthy volume will be available in Redding

4 I encourage all to attend their local Data Sharing meetings These meetings are a great opportunity to meet people and talk about regional issues To those who will prepare papers to present at the meetings I encourage you to expand or edit the reports for preshysentation in Redding The Data Sharing meetings can be a good forum for presenting preliminary data or ideas for later expansion Perhaps you can form symposia with like-minded individuals you meet at the Data Sharing meeting

S Please submit brief notes or comments on any recent archaeological work that you have been involved in to the Newsletter editors Everyone has been so busy doing the work that the reports of results have been scarce It only takes a few minutes to jot down a paragraph or two on your efforts Also reference the report(s) that would describe the work more completely The following is an example of what I mean

TI1E PiPER RANCI1 HOUSE CiTY of SAN DiEGO

I have recently been involved through RECON in a historic project directed toward preserving some of San Diegos rural past The Piper Ranch House is located two miles from the Mexican border on Otay Mesa in San Diego County The house dates to the late 1880s and was built by the Piper family who until recently still liven on the property Between 1870 and 1890 numerous farming communities were established in San Diego County This was due to real estate promotion and the lure of inexpensive agricultural land Otay Mesa was promoted as a rich farmland with high potential for cereal and fruit production Promoters planned to bring water to pershymit extensive farming In 1887 the Piper family filed a 160-acre timber claim after moving south from Orange County By 1890 Otay Mesa was an estabshylished community with a school church post office and blacksmith shop The Alta School District was organized in January 1886 the site of the school is still preserved on City ofSan Diego property

Otay Mesa was settled by German Lutheran famshyilies few of which still live in this rapidly developing area The Piper family was one of the few to remain when drought defeated many farmers The Piper home is a folk architectural style known as an I house It has steep front- and back-facing centered gables The house retains its original front porch and interior floors and wood panelling The eucalyptus grove next to the house is part of the original timber claim filed by the Pipers in 1887

It is hoped that the house can be moved before it

9

is destroyed through development In the event that on-site preservation is not possible a HABS-Ievel record is being made of the ranch house The house was documented by Stephen Van Wormer and William manley who drew detailed plans of the structure Photographs were taken of the interior and exterior by the noted preservation photographer Marvin Rand A report is in preparation describing the house and the importance of preserving informashytion from the rural past

ANdERSON MARSh STATE

HiSTORic PARk

This summers field season marked the fourth year that the Cultural Heritage Council has run Archaeological and Native American Culture Field Schools at the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park The program began in 1984 with a $40000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities

During the past four years 150 students have learned about California Native American culture and archaeology This years 20 students ranged in age from 11 to over 50 years They came from all over California and as far away as Iowa

During the first week of the program particishypants learned how to manufacture stone tools tule huts and mats shell beads bamboo whistles clapper sticks and much more

The second week was spent on archaeological site CA-LAK-589 where the students learned to locate map and collect artifacts from both a surface grid and from excavations Materials recovered were brought to the field lab where students washed sortshyed identified weighed and cataloged their discovershyies The final step was entering the artifact data into the computer

The archaeological work is limited to mapping and collecting surface artifacts The entire 72000 square meter site has been mapped in 30 meter blocks Each 30 meter block is broken into 10 meter squares Students are assigned a 10 meter square and must grid map and collect all surface artifacts from each square and perform a 10 cm deep excavashytion of the northwest 2 x 2 meter square in their grid

In four years 4200 square meters of CA-LAKshy589 have been systematically mapped and collectshyed-this represents 575 of the total site area The data collected provides a Table of Contents for the site as a whole Already we are getting an idea of what portions of the site were utilized during differshyent time periods

Out of the 1000 artifacts cataloged this year 16 were stone tool specimens known to represent certain time periods Six small Rattlesnake corner-notched points represent the period from 1200 years ago to 1830 Five Houx non-stemmed points three Willits stemmed points and one deep concave base point indicate habitation between 6000 and 1200 years ago The most interesting of the stone tools found this season was half of a crescent (see drawing) Crescents are generally indicative of 9000 to 12000 year old habitation Although this years crescent was made from chert obsidian crescent fragments from previous years have returned hydration readshyings between 83 and 97 microns

In addition to the prehistoric material a broken 1860 beer bottle hundreds of square nails broken pieces of medicine bottles early forms of barbed wire and lots of cow bones were recovered Not far away were found a bent and broken pair of spectacles datshying from the 1800s

Park Ranger Floyd Lemleys historical research turned up an 1850s cabin in the general vicinity We hope that a study of the distribution of historic artishyfacts and square nails will tell us if this was the locashytion of the 1850 cabin

Materials recovered by the Cultural Heritage Council Archaeological Program have prompted the writing of three articles and numerous professional presentations concerning the archaeology of the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park and the Clear Lake Basin in general The lithic faunal and historshyical materials are available to researchers who have an interest in the prehistory of this area For more information contact Breck Parkman (707) 576-2332 or John Parker (213) 644-6141

) -- shy

Drawing by Pat Peterson

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

is destroyed through development In the event that on-site preservation is not possible a HABS-Ievel record is being made of the ranch house The house was documented by Stephen Van Wormer and William manley who drew detailed plans of the structure Photographs were taken of the interior and exterior by the noted preservation photographer Marvin Rand A report is in preparation describing the house and the importance of preserving informashytion from the rural past

ANdERSON MARSh STATE

HiSTORic PARk

This summers field season marked the fourth year that the Cultural Heritage Council has run Archaeological and Native American Culture Field Schools at the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park The program began in 1984 with a $40000 grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities

During the past four years 150 students have learned about California Native American culture and archaeology This years 20 students ranged in age from 11 to over 50 years They came from all over California and as far away as Iowa

During the first week of the program particishypants learned how to manufacture stone tools tule huts and mats shell beads bamboo whistles clapper sticks and much more

The second week was spent on archaeological site CA-LAK-589 where the students learned to locate map and collect artifacts from both a surface grid and from excavations Materials recovered were brought to the field lab where students washed sortshyed identified weighed and cataloged their discovershyies The final step was entering the artifact data into the computer

The archaeological work is limited to mapping and collecting surface artifacts The entire 72000 square meter site has been mapped in 30 meter blocks Each 30 meter block is broken into 10 meter squares Students are assigned a 10 meter square and must grid map and collect all surface artifacts from each square and perform a 10 cm deep excavashytion of the northwest 2 x 2 meter square in their grid

In four years 4200 square meters of CA-LAKshy589 have been systematically mapped and collectshyed-this represents 575 of the total site area The data collected provides a Table of Contents for the site as a whole Already we are getting an idea of what portions of the site were utilized during differshyent time periods

Out of the 1000 artifacts cataloged this year 16 were stone tool specimens known to represent certain time periods Six small Rattlesnake corner-notched points represent the period from 1200 years ago to 1830 Five Houx non-stemmed points three Willits stemmed points and one deep concave base point indicate habitation between 6000 and 1200 years ago The most interesting of the stone tools found this season was half of a crescent (see drawing) Crescents are generally indicative of 9000 to 12000 year old habitation Although this years crescent was made from chert obsidian crescent fragments from previous years have returned hydration readshyings between 83 and 97 microns

In addition to the prehistoric material a broken 1860 beer bottle hundreds of square nails broken pieces of medicine bottles early forms of barbed wire and lots of cow bones were recovered Not far away were found a bent and broken pair of spectacles datshying from the 1800s

Park Ranger Floyd Lemleys historical research turned up an 1850s cabin in the general vicinity We hope that a study of the distribution of historic artishyfacts and square nails will tell us if this was the locashytion of the 1850 cabin

Materials recovered by the Cultural Heritage Council Archaeological Program have prompted the writing of three articles and numerous professional presentations concerning the archaeology of the Anderson Marsh State Historic Park and the Clear Lake Basin in general The lithic faunal and historshyical materials are available to researchers who have an interest in the prehistory of this area For more information contact Breck Parkman (707) 576-2332 or John Parker (213) 644-6141

) -- shy

Drawing by Pat Peterson

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

Society for Caifomia 9Lrcliaeoogy lJ1ie Society for California YlrciaeoCogy is a non-profit scientific ana eaucation corporation Its two

purposes are

tIo facilitate cooraination anti cooperation anwng arciaeoCogists in California (1) to stimulate scienshytific researcfi in tfie arcfiaeoCogy cif California (2) to pronwte ana maintain stantfartfs anagoafs for arciaeoCogy in California (3) to encourage tfie tfeveCopment anti use cif new tecfiniques for tfie 6etter recovery interpretation anti preservation cif arciaeoCogical remains (4) to conauct symposia anti meetshyings for tfie presentation cif arcfiaeoCogica matters ana (5) to pu6isfi ana aisseminate infonnation on arciaeoCogical researcfi in California

tIo facilitate efforts 6etween arciaeoCogists anti a citizens cif California (6) to stimuCate greater pu6ic interest in anti unaerstanaing cif tfie tecfiniques ana goafs cif arc1iaeoCogy in California (7) to aisshyseminate eaucational information to tfie pu6ic (8) to encourage anti assist in tfie conservation cifarcfiaeshyoCogical remains for future researcfi ana pu6ic knowfetfge (9) to aiscourage anti curtail tfie tfestructive ei([JCoitation in California ofarciaeoCogical resources anti (10) to increase pu6ic appreciation anti supshyport for scientific arciaeoCogy in California

Officers and9Lddresses 1987-1988

-~--~-- Presitlent Susan M Jfector Secretary (jail Carpenter-Broe~r 1l$C0Jpound 99 Deer Spring Way 1276 Morena Bouevara Palm Desert Dl 92260 San Diego Dl 92120

lJTeaSurer Jane (jotfwU Presitfent Elect MicfuuCl (jCassow 10121 Pounds lvenue

Department oflntliropowgy J1lIiittier Cl 90603 University ofCalifornia

Business Office Department oflntliropoWgySanta Barhara Dl 93106 California State University

Past Presitfent MarkRPaD ~uIlerton Cl 92634 Department oflntliropowgy

~wsCetter lJnufy Jfaversat (jary S BrescmniCalifornia State University (jenera Etiitors lrcfuuowgicalConsuCting9prtIiridiJe Dl 91330

PO B~3377 9prtiern oue (jCen~anis Salinas Cl 93912 Presitfenti Contri6u- Department ofPark amp ~creation

~wsCetter iJWnMayting EtUtor 9-8s- ~owgyLa6 lssociate EtUtor 5401 Baltimore 72toricapound~wgy 2572 Port Street

La Mesa Cl 92041West Sacramento Dl 95691

Soutliern oue Jolin Par~r Presitfent 9lrcfuuowgy Program ~wsCetter Coyote Press A bull

Xinsey 9fa[ ~om 288 Layoutantl PO Bo~3377 ~A University ofCalifornia ProaUction Salinas Dl 93912 W Los lngeCes Cl 90024

11

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287

NON-PROfiT ORG US POSTAGE PAId

SAUNAS CA PERMIT No 46

SociETy fOR CAlifORNIA ARdwolOGY DEPARTMENT of ANlItROpolOGY CAlifORNIA STAn UNIVERSiTy FullERTON CA 9264

-September 261987 3rd Kelso Conference on Moshyjave Desert Prehistory Contact Joan S Schneider Department of Anthropology UC Riverside CA 9252l

-October 10 1987 Society for California Archaeology Southern Data Sharing Meetmiddot ings UCLA Contact John Parker at (213) 825-1720 or 644middot6141

-October 14-16 1987 2nd Annual Conference on Historic Preservation and Economic Revitalization in Rural California Hanford California Contact Hanford Chamber of Commerce at (209) 582-0483

-October 16-181987 3rd Annual California Indian Conference Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Santa Barbara Contact John Johnson Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History 2559 Puesta del Sol Santa Barbara CA 93105 or phone (805) 682-4711

-October 22-24 1987 8th Annual Meeting of the California Committee for the Promotion of History Murphys CA

-October 31 1987 Society for California Archaeology Northern Data Sharing Meetshyings UC Davis Contact Glenn J Farris at (916) 322middot1506

-November 6 1987 State Historical Resources Commission meeting Santa Barbara

-November 7 1987 Rock Art 87 Contact Ken Hedges San Diego Museum of Man 1350 El Prado Balboa Park San Diego CA 9210l

-January 14-16 1988 Society for Historical Arshychaeology Annual Conference Reno

-March 24-26 1988 Society for California Armiddot chaeology Annual Meeting Redding

-March 24-26 1988 American Association ofPhysishycal Anthropologists Kansas City

-April 27-May 1 1988 53rd Annual Meeting Socishyety for American Archaeology Phoenix Hilton Hotel Phoenix Contact Sylvia W Gaines Departshyment of Anthropology Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287