rdbms mock test_complete
TRANSCRIPT
QUESTIONS OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4
schedule transaction DBA 2
A table 1
1 only 2 only 1 and 2 3 and 4 3
Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability 2
What is isolation none 1
a record an entity a field a table 3
1 only 2 only 1 and 2 4 3
Table Tree Node 1
Transient data none 1
1 only 2 only 2,3,4 1,2,3 and 4 4
ANSWERS
A collection of operations that performs a single logical function
is called
none of the above
does not define
logical order of records
orders record by key field in
a record
orders records by
the first field of a record
imposes a logical order
on record
Atomicity means 1 .complete commit 2. complete
rollback 3. partial commit 4. partial roll back
Which of the following property ensures that the state of database is same when it ends as it was at the
beginning
The operation of
one transaction
does not affect the
operation of other
transaction
Once a transaction is completed the
results will persist
The state of database is the same
when it ends as it begins
In strict relational terminology , an attribute is
In which of the model(s) strictly require the relationships be
predefined. 1. Network model 2. Hierarchial model 3. Relational
model 4. none
The type of the datastrucure that is used in relational model is
none of the above
The data in the database that cannot be removed by other process until
and unless it is requested is
Persistent data
In consistent data
primary table 2.)no key can be null 3.)the key in a record must be
3
Data Validation is 1
A field is 3
Student name Streetname 3
2 only 1 and 2 2 and 3 4 2
1 and 2 1,2 and 4 1,2 and 3 1,2,3 and 4. 4
A unique key field is none 2
A table 2
A COMPLEX KEY FIELD is one which
Is capable of storing more
than one data type in
it
Ensures that there cannot be more than one
record in a table with the same key field
values
Is made up of more than one
field
Is a numerical data type
The practice of ensuring
that only valid data is input
into a database
The practice of running a check on existing data to confirm that
there is no invalid data
A separate program that
checks existing data
for errors
A process of filtering out
invalid data on a weekly or
monthly basis
can store any type of data at any time
capable of storing many
facts
the smallest amount of
data DBMS can store
either true or false
Which of the following is a valid primary key field.
Initials+family name
Car registration
number
Which of the following is a valid database. 1. A telephone directory 2. The northern college record system 3.
box of flowers 4.none
A Database Management System can 1.Delete data 2. Retrieve data
3. Add new data 4. Edit Data
Is a special field that has
to be a unique number
Is a special field that
identifies a particular
record in a data table
Is a special field that
each database has to have.
Cannot be empty
consists of rows and columns
Consists of Alphanumeri
c data
can only store data of one
type.
1,2 and 4 2,3 and 4 1,3 and 4 1,2,3 and 4 2
DBA developer none 1
1
DBA 4
i only i and ii i,ii and iii none 1
Physical level is also known as internal level external level view level 1
i only i and ii i,ii and iii none 1
Which of the following statements are true 1. All records in a data
table need not necessarily have the same fields in them
2. A data table is made up of records
3. Fields must contain specified types of data
4. A record is made up of fields
The person who is having central control over data and programs
accessing that data
Database Designer
The users who use the database by writing special database application
programs are called
Sophisticated end user
Specialized end user
Naïve end user
Native end user
The persons who interact with the system through DML calls
embedded in a program written in host language
System developers
System analysts
Application Programmers
This level of abstraction is concerned with the physical storage of the
information.
i)Physical levelii)Conceptual level
iii)View level
conceptual level
Storage allocation and access paths are considered in this level.
i)Physical levelii)Conceptual level
iii)View level
internal level external level view level 3
View level is also known as internal level external level physical level 2
internal level external level physical level 2
none 2
none 1
none 1
none 2
Meta data Tera data hyper data none 1
ER model Binary Model 4
Cardinality Mapping Relationship class 3
relations classes attributes tuples 2
i only i and ii i ,ii and iii i ,ii ,iii and iv 1
Number Character Varchar String 3
The level which has the view of whole enterprise without concern
of physical storage
conceptual level
conceptual level
The highest level of abstraction of data occurs in
conceptual level
Which of the following schema defines the view level
internal schema
external schema
conceptual schema
Which of the following schema defines the physical level
internal schema
external schema
conceptual schema
The ability to modify the internal schema without causing any change to the external schema
Physical data
independence
Logical Data independence
External Data independence
The ability to modify the conceptual schema without causing any change
to the application program
Physical data
independence
Logical Data independence
External Data independence
The information about data in a database is called _____
One of the following is not a Object Based logical model
Object Oriented model
Network model
.___________ is an association among several entities
Objects that contain the same types of values and same methods are
grouped into
Which model(s) is(are) implementation data model s
i)ER modelii)Relational iii.)Network
iv)Hierarchical model
To store both numbers and characters in database which data
type u prefer?
conceptual view persistent internal 3
Perl Cobol SQL None 3
1 0 Cannot say None 1
RDBMS Cannot say 1
System Data star none 2
DBMS TBMS SDMs Nothing 1
3
Components of a DBMS includes All the above 4
2
data security. data recovery. 1
2
The following is not a level of abstraction
What is the language used for queries in RDBMS
State True or false , != ,<>,^= denote the same operation
The data model that is widely accepted and used is Network model
Hierarchical model
A _________ is a collection of facts
A _____________is a data repository along with a user interface providing
for the manipulation and administration of a database.
A relation (from the relational database model) consists of a set of
tuples, which implies that
relational model
supports multi-valued
attributes whose
values can be
represented in sets.
for any two tuples, the
values associated with
all of their attributes may be the same.
for any two tuples, the
values associated with one or
more of their attributes
must differ.
all tuples in a particular
relation may have different
attributes.
a user query and
reporting facility.
a database access sub
system.
a security and integrity sub
system.
The (ii) level gives a user oriented description of the data elements
and relationships.The (iii) level provides all users
information needs and definition of
(i) conceptual (ii) external (iii) internal
(i) internal (ii) external (iii) conceptual
(i) external (ii)
conceptual (iii) internal
(i) internal (ii) conceptual
(iii) external
Protecting a database from unauthorized or malicious use is
termed
data integrity.
concurrent processing
What are the tasks which database administrators may be called upon
to specifically perform?
To enter and/or delete
data in the database
Performance monitoring and maintenance
Deciding the Graphical User Interface (GUI) necessary for
data entry
Enhancing the SQL queries
a,b,d a,c a,b,c none 1
2
Data transfer time refers to the 2
a,b b and c a,b,c and d a,b,c 3
a,b a,b and c c, d a,c and d 4
“Data Redundancy”
(a) is a problem with traditional file systems.
(b) is reduced by normalization.(c) has no effect on cost and
maintenance of a system.(d) can lead to inconsistency of
data.
Colombo.(ii) Total income of Glucorala has
increased by 1.5% compared with that of the previous year.
(iii) A. Chandran is a supplier to Glucorala and his email address is
[email protected].(iv) A. Chandran had supplied 24% of
the total sugar requirement of the company.
Which of the following is a/are true
Statements (i) and (ii) represent data while statements
(iii) and (iv) represent
information.
Statements (i) and (iii)
represent data while
statements (ii) and (iv)
represent information.
Statements (i) and (iv)
represent data while
statements (ii) and (iii) represent
information.
Statement (i) represents data and the other statements represent
information.
amount of time required in transferring data from/to
the disk to/from primary
memory.
expected time to access a disk address and
transfer a block of data.
time required activating a read/write
head.
time required for the disk to
rotate the sought-for
record under the read-write
head.
The functions of a database administrator include(s):
(a) Defining database schema. (b) Defining backup and recovery
procedures. (c) Granting authorization for data
access.(d) Managing storage structures
and access methods.
recognised as a set of data.(c) Meta data allow database
designers and users to understand
2
a,c and d a,b and c c, d b,d 1
a,c and d a,b and d c, d b,d 2
Boolean Date and time 4
(i) only (iii) only 2
Data Independence refers to: 2
Database data none 1
DBMS data none 1
3
All the above 4
Physical External External Conceptual 2
A database management software (DBMS) includes:
Automated tools
(CASE) used to design
databases and
application programs.
A software application that
is used to define, create, maintain and
provide controlled
access to user databases.
Application programs that
are used to provide
information to users.
Database that contains
occurrences of logically
organised data or
information.
(b) presentation software for documenting the design of the
database.databases which are separate departmental databases or as an
The data type of a field is usually one of the standard data types used in
programming. Which of the following data types may result in use of
variable-length records?
Floating point
String of characters
(ii) Sub-schema DDL(iii) Data Manipulation Language
Two different types of people (users
(i) and (ii) only
(ii) and (iii) only
Handling of data by the
DBMS software entirely
independent of the
operating system.
Insulating the application
program from external
changes such as inclusion of
a new data item into an
existing record structure.
Separation of data
descriptions from the
application programs that uses the data.
Allowing application
programs to be executed at a node different to the database
server.
A _________ is a logically coherent collection of data with some inherent
meaning, representing some aspect of real world
Data dictionary
A __________ is a collection of programs that enables user to create
and maintain a database.
Data dictionary
The database and DBMS software together is called as_________
Database collection
Database method
Database system
Database repository
The following is /are the Advantage(s) of DBMS?
Redundancy is controlled.
Unauthorised access is restricted
Providing multiple user
interfaces
The level of abstraction that describes only part of entire data
none 1
none 1
none 2
Data model. both A & B none 2
Relation Association Collaboration none 1
field pointer column. primary key. foreign key. 3
A and B. 4
not badly physically logically 4
member. weak. unary. owner. 4
3
2
Indexes User Data Metadata 4
What is Database? All the above 2
The ability to modify the schema definition in one level should not affect
the schema definition in the next higher level is known as
_____________
Data Independenc
e
Data dependence
Conceptual Independence
Modification in physical level should not affect the logical level.This is
Physical data
independence
Logical Data independence
Conceptual Independence
Modification in logical level should not affect the external level.This is
Physical data
independence
Logical Data independence
Conceptual Independence
________ model is based on collection of objects
Object oriented model
._______ is an association among two or more entities.
An attribute or attributes that uniquely identify each row in a
relation is called a(n)
Data modeling may be the most important part of the systems
development process because
data characteristic
s are important in the design of programs and other systems components.
The data in a system are
generally more complex than
processes, and play a central
role in development.
Data are less stable than processes
A database is an organized collection of _____ related data.
Which of the following is an entity type on which a strong entity
depends?
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of database systems?
better data quality
program-data independence
) redundant data
standards enforcement
Which of the following is NOT a function of a DBMS?
data storage, retrieval, and
update.
logical data dependence.
recovery services.
integrity services
Data in the database that represent a description of the database structure
are called:
Application metadata
Collection of Information
Collection of meaningful
real world data
Which stores Data
(i) and (ii) (iii) and (vi) 4
What is degree of a Relation? 1
What is Relationship? 4
Integrity Table Database Attribute 4
2
3
Logical level View level All the above 4
Entity set attributes degree entity 4
3
2
consistency isolation durability atomicity 3
using SQL using VC++ none 1
Advantages of DBMS. Which statement is true?
(i) security (ii) Redundancy is controlled
(iii) Providing backup and recovery(iv) Providing multiple user interfaces.
(i),(ii),(iii) and not (iv)
(i),(ii),(iii) and (iv)
It is the number of
attribute of its relation schema
It is an association
among two or more entities
The collection (or set) of
similar relationships
None of the above
It is the number of
attribute of its relation schema
The collection (or set) of similar
relationships
None of the above
It is an association
among two or more entities
The particular property which describes the entity is called as
Which language of database specifies user views and their mappings to the
conceptual schema
SDL (Storage Definition
Language)
VDL (View Definition
Language)
DDL (Data Definition
Language)
Data Storage - Definition Language
Which translates DML statements in a query language?
DDL Interpreter
Query evaluation
engine
DML Compiler
None of the above
Which abstraction existing in the DBMS?
Physical level
The 'thing' in the real world with an independent existence is called as.
A database with single table structure is called a _________
Hierarchical data model
Relational data model
Flat file structure
Network data model
____________ data models are used to describe data at the lowest
level.
Logical data model
Physical data model
Network data model
None of the above
Once the DBMS informs the user that a transaction has successfully
completed, its effects should persist even if the system crashes before all
its changes are reflected on disk. This property is called.
How do you communicate with an RDBMS?
using ORACLE
Deadlock occurs when 1
3
Aborting a transaction 2
none. 3
all the above. 4
both a & b 4
both a & b 4
a table consists of ________ spread sheet descriptors none 2
transactions compete for
the same resource.
the DBMS cannot decide
what to do next.
the user requests a
cascade abort
a transaction cannot decide
what to do next.
The role of a DBA includes which of the following topics?
User interfaces,
salary budgeting,
performance monitoring.
Supporting all programming
languages which might be
used with a database.
Loading data, evaluating
new database systems,
performance monitoring.
Installing databases, C+
+ programming, user support.
removes changes
made so far in the
current transaction.
removes changes made in a transaction
after it has committed
is only possible in Microsoft Access.
results in deadlock.
_________ is the person having central control over data and
programs accessing that data.
data base manager
data base designer
data base administrator
the following are the roles of data base designer. schema
definition
storage structure and
access method definition
schema and physical
organization modification
Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true for database management
systems?
Provide protection for data against
unexpected loss, damage
or destruction.
Allow maintenance of
high quality, consistent and up to date data.
Keep data and the programs
that manipulate it
together.
Which of the following statement(s) is (are) components of DBMS?
Data dictionary/di
rectory subsystem
Security and integrity
subsystem.
Database administrator
tuples and attributes
an RDBMS is_____________ both b & c 4
set tables spread sheet group 2
object types are used to create schema meta data 1
all the above 4
Store data Security all the above 4
The Entity Relation Model models Entities Relationships 4
An entity is 1
1
an approach intended to readily deal
with many to many
relationships
an approach which logicaly
views data as a collection of
tables.
an approach based on relational algebra
a two dimensional structure with data is called_____
new data type
data base object
The characteristics of the database are
Can be sharable
related logically
can be protected
The functionalities of the RDBMS are
execute transactions
Entities, Relationships and Processes
Entities and Relationships
a "thing" which has
either a real physical existence
(e.g. a car or a student) or a conceptual
existence (e.g. a
course)
a real physical "thing" or a conceptual
"thing" that is specific to a
particular database
management system
a real physical
"thing" that is specific to a
particular database
management system
any physical "thing" that exists in the real world
Which of the following statements best describes the function of an
entity relation model?
An ER model
provides a view of the logic of the data and not the physical implementati
on
An ER model is concerned
primarily with a physical
implementation of the data and secondly with
the logical view
An ER model is entirely concerned
with modeling the
physical implementati
on
An ER model is concerned
primarily with a logical view of the data and secondly with the physical
implementation
Entity Type Entity Value Entity Set none 3
none 1
none 2
none 2
Primary key Candidate key none 2
name age Birth Date Phone no 4
Rectangle Ellipse Diamond Circle 1
._________ represents an attribute Rectangle Ellipse Diamond Circle 2
._________ represents a relation . Rectangle Ellipse Diamond Circle 3
One to One One to Many Many to One Many to Many 1
One to One One to Many Many to One Many to Many 3
One to One One to Many Many to One Many to Many 3
Generalization Aggregation Normalization 2
._________ is a collection of entity instances that are of same
type.
If every entity E1 of R participates with every other entity E2 of R
then such a participation is
Total Participation
Partial Participation
Empty Participation
If some entity E1 of R participates with some other entity E2 of R then
such a participation is
Total Participation
Partial Participation
Empty Participation
When participating entity types are not distinct in the relation ship
types then such a relation ship is called
Distant relationships
Recursive relationship
Iterative relationship
A key for which no subset is a super key is called
Composite key
The following is an example of multi valued attribute
._________ represents an entity set
If one instance of an Entity set E1 is associated with exactly one instance of another entity set E2 then the type
of relation is
If zero or more instances of an Entity set E1 is associated with exactly one instance of another entity set E2 then
the type of relation is
If one instance of an Entity set E1 is associated with zero or more
instances of another entity set E2 then the type of relation is
.________ is concerned with identifying some common
characteristics of a collection of entity sets and creating a new entity set that
contains entities possessing the common characteristics.
Specialization
Generalization Aggregation Normalization 3
3
2
1
4
3
.________ allows us to indicate a relationship set participates in
another relationship set.
Specialization
Which of the following statements is correct, regarding a relation of the
relational model?
Each relation in a
database schema will not have a unique a
name.
There can be multi-valued attributes in a
relation
Each row is identified uniquely.
The sequence of columns is
not significant.
Which of the following statements is/are correct in relation to derived
attributes
They can be used as a
primary key.
They are not physically
stored in the database
They are not found in the
ER diagrams.
They are always found
in ‘Weak’ entity types.
When the Physical design stage is being done, which of the following tasks should be done in relation
to the ‘database’?
A relational database should be created.
Personnel should be
interviewed for their data
requirements.
An ER diagram
should be drawn
An ER diagram
should be drawn.
Which of the following is/are true with respect to denormalisation?
Any multi-valued
attributes (also called repeating
groups) have been
removed, so that there is a single value
at the intersection of each row and column of the
table.
Decomposing relations with anomalies to
produce smaller well-structured
relations
A status of relations
where any partial
functional dependencies
have been removed.
The process of transforming normalised
relations into unnormalised
physical record
specifications
Consider the following SQL functions.(i) ROUND(12.75)(ii) TRUNC(13.53)
(iii) TRIM(computer,2)(iv) UPPER(database)(v) YEAR(‘15/06/2002’)
What will be the correct output of these SQL functions?
(i) 12.7 (ii) 13 (iii)
computer2 (iv)
DATABASE (v) 02
(i) 12.8 (ii) 14 (iii) comput (iv) database
(v) 2002
(i) 13 (ii) 13 (iii) co
(iv)DATABASE (v) 2002
(i) 12 (ii) 14 (iii) computer
(iv)DATABASE (v) 02
c,d and e a, c and d a,b, c and e a,b,c,d and e 2
Strong entity set Both A and B 1
Entity none 2
Entity set Weak entity set none 1
Relation Attribute Entity none 2
Triggers Both A and B 2
3
{ ÷ , x } { σ, π, ∩ } {π , ∩, σ, -} 1
3
a and b a,b and c b,c and d a and c 2
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 1
a,b and c c, d and e a,b and d d,e and b 3
Schema Meta data Data file 4
library for borrowing books will have to be extended to cover this new video An entity set may not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key, and its primary key compromises of its partial key and primary key of its parent entity, then it is said to be
________set.
Weak entity set
Small entity set
86. _______ is a 'thing' in the real world with an independent
existence.
Weak entity set
Small entity set
_________ is a collection of all entities of particular entity type in the
database
Strong entity set
.______ is a particular property, which describes the entity.
Which one of the following are parts of an entity relationship
diagram?
Referential integrity
constraints
Entities and Relationships
Consider the following relation and its sample data. (Consider that these are
the only tuples for the givenrelation)
EmpNo DeptNo ProjNo1001 01 121001 01 131002 01 121003 01 14
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
The functional
dependency (EmpNo,
DeptNo) -> ProjNo
holds over R.
The functional dependency DeptNo ->
ProjNo holds over R.
The functional dependency EmpNo->
DeptNo holds over R.
The functional dependency ProjNo ->
DeptNo do not holds over R.
Which of the following sets of operations represent a complete set of
relational algebra operations?{ σ, π, U}
Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding normalization?
It do not reduce update
anomalies
It increases insertion
anomalies
It minimizes redundancy.
There in no zero normal
form relations.
(c) When too many joins are necessary to access frequently used selection condition discarding some of
the rows.(iii) Relational algebra is non-
column is single valued.(c) Primary key of a relation should be
the first column.The information about the tables created by the Data Definition
Language (DDL) statements are recorded in the:
Data dictionary
1
b and d a and d a,b and d b,d and e 2
b and e c and d a,b and d b,d and e 1
1
a,b and c a,c ,d and e a,b and d b,d and e 1
Referential Entity Domain none 2
Referential Entity Domain none 1
entity type is__________ none 3
none 1
power height depth cardinality 4
1
integrity both a & b 4
Err:520 small entity set none 3
both A & B none 1
Which of the following should always be true for attributes in a relational
model?
Synonyms may be used
in naming attributes of
different relations.
Homonyms may be used in
naming attributes of the same relation.
A foreign key can be
defined on attributes used as
homonyms.
Default values can be
assigned to any attribute.
(c) Increasing update anomalies.(d) Maximising the stability of the data (c) Null value is a blank or zero value
given to an attribute value when its
Which of the following is a (are) feature(s) of the relational model?
Facility to issue
declarative queries.
Ability to deal with
unstructured data for CAD,
CAM applications.
Supports aggregation
relationships.
Provide a procedural
language for query, data
manipulation, definition and
control.
including updating, inserting, modifying and retrieving data.
The primary key cannot have null value” .Which integrity rule
specifies this.
Foreign Key can be either a NULL value or should be Primary Key value of other relation.. Which integrity rule
specifies this.
a specific type such as integer,text
etc.
defined by a database
integer,text etc.
a coherent set of similar
objects that we want to store data
by using __________modelling we can build the conceptual model of
data
entity relationship
entity representation
entity integration
the degree of relation ship is also called as _________
E-R modelling technique is _________
top-down approach
bottom-up approach
left-right approach
right-left approach
which of the following are the advantages of E-R model
conceptual simplicity
visual representation
strong entity set
weak entity set
the number of attribute of a relation schema is known as
degree of a relation.
cardinality of a relation.
entity set relationship 4
both A & B none 1
.. relational algebra is ________ none 2
2
specialise generalise consume assume 2
a Column a Row as an index 2
self describing none 4
physical design none. 1
Hierarchical Network Relational both a & b 4
metadata none. 1
kim thomson . e.f.codd berkely 3
atomic related unique equal 1
__________is an association among two or more entities
strong entity set
weak entity set
___________ defines a set of associations or a relationship set
among a given set of entity types.
. relation ship type
degree of the relation
structured query
language
procedural query
language.
programmed query
language
The Data Dictionary provides which of the following features?
Transaction deadlock detection.
Support for the SQL interface to the database
Costings for future
database changes.
None of the above
The process of combining entity types from an ER diagram into a
single relation in a relational database is to
In a relation, an instance is stored as
as a Many to many
relationship
Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of metadata?
data about data
includes user data
_____________ is the implementation independant list of
database objects (tables) that represents the Conceptual model
logical design
conceptual design
The data model in which data is represented by collection of records
and relationships among data are represented by links is (are) called?
Which of the following statement(s) can be considered as a
part of data dictionary?
The complete set of data records.
data flow diagram of the system
a data base on relational model developed by
james goosing
in relational model column values are
relational hierarchical network none 1
Cardinality Data Data Set Tuple 4
entity domain entity set all the above 1
ellipse. square diamond pyramid. 3
1 NF . 2 NF 3 NF 4 NF 1
1 NF . 2 NF 3 NF 4
1 NF . 2 NF 3 NF 4 NF 2
An atomic field is a key field. 1
3 NF . 2 NF 1 NF NONE 1
A foreign key is 4
__________ data base design allows us to generate a set of
schemas that allows us to store information with minimum
redundancy of data
The term used to identify a row of a table in the relational data model
is
__________is a thing that exists and is distinguishable.
On an entity-relationship diagram, a relationship is documented with
the rule that says that there should be no repeating fieds and tthose fields should be atomic is called
Most RDB designers will accept that in order to deal with the complexities of "real life"
transactions, a design needs to reach
Standard of flat file
The rule that requires that each non-key field (attribute) should be fully functionally dependent on the
primary key is
a single valued field
a key that contains only a
single field
a numerical field
The rule that prohibits the transitive dependencies is
A secondary key field within a
table
A key field that matches a key
field in a second
(foreign) table
A key field that exists
outside of the database
A (non-key) field in a table that matches a key field in a
second (foreign)
table)
3 NF is designed to 2
First Normal Form is designed to 4
4
Normalization is 2
A transitive dependency is 2
ensure that a table that is in second
normal form is
decomposed into two or more tables
ensure that there are no transitional
dependencies, i.e. to ensure that there are
no dependancies between non-
key fields.
ensure that the database
conatins three tables
ensure that there are no
dependencies between keys and foreign
keys
ensure that data is held accurately
ensure that all of the data in a
RDBMS is represented in one data table
ensure that there are no
duplicate key fields in a
table
that there are no repeating
fields in atable (i.e. the fields are atomic)
Second Normal Form is designed to
ensure that every non
key field in a record has a correspondin
g foreign key in at least one
other table
ensure that a table that is in first normal
form is decomposed into two or more tables
. ensure that a table that is
in first normal form
is decomposed
into two tables
ensure that every non key
field in a record is fully
functionaly dependant
upon the key for that record.
the process of ensuring that each
table has a key
a process whereby the design of a
table (relation) is decomposed
into more tables that
more precisely fit the
relational model
the process of ensuring that a relational
database has at least two tables in it.
a process whereby a
limit is put on the number of fields a record
can contain
is allowed in third normal
form
is where field A depends
upon field B and field B is not a key field
is where field A depends
upon field B and field B is a key field.
is where a field does not always depend upon the key
field
A foreign key is Not be NULL 2
1 NF . 2 NF 3 NF 4 NF 1
1 NF . 2 NF 3 NF 4 NF 2
1 NF . 2 NF 3 NF 4 NF 3
all the above 4
none 1
joining normalization none 2
2 NF 3 NF 1 NF BCNF 3
filtering none 2
have a matching
value in the referring (primary)
table
have either a matching value in the referring (primary) table OR be NULL
not contain the same value more than
once
the domain of attributes must only include atomic values. This is _______
if every non prime attribute fully functionally dependent on primary
key then it is called _______
if every non prime attribute is non – transitively dependent on primary
key then it is called ________
______ come under update anamolies
insertion anomalies
deletion anomalies
modification anomolies
. _________ condition is to be satisfied by non key attributes to be
in 2NF.
fully functional
dependency
transitive dependency
functional dependency
______ is a process of converting a relational design into an equivalent
design in the desired form.
de normalization
no attribute value represents a set of values or repeating values this
property is _______
what is the process controlled introduction of anomalies into the
data base
normalization
denormalization
all the above. 4
both a & b 4
a candidate key is _________ both a & b 4
anomalies normalization none 1
default unique not null both b & c 4
1 NF 2 NF 3 NF BCNF 1
redundancy . repeatedness atomicity 1
both a & b none 3
relational hierarchical network none 1
Select the correct statement(s) describing the keys used in a
Relational Data Model.
A primary key is an
attribute that uniquely identifies
each row in a relation.
A composite key is a
primary key that consists of more than one
attribute.
A foreign key can be an
attribute in a relation of a database that draws values
from the same domain as a primary
key of another
relation in the same
database.
Which of the following activity/activities may happen
during the process of normalization?
creation of new tables,
splitting of a table into
several tables,
merging of several tables
into one table,
a single attribute that could be a
primary key.
a composite key that could be a primary
key
. a foreign key that
could be a primary key.
errors or inconsistencies that may result when user attempts to update a table that contains redundant data
are called
functional dependency
primary key is a combination of the following constraints
a table is said to be in __________ if it doesnot contain any repeating
groups of columns
the intentional introduction of ________to a table to improve
performance is called denormalisation
reorganization
3 NF is inadequate is situations where the relation
has multiple candidate
keys
. has candidate keys that are composite
___________data base design allows us to retieve information
easily ansd effectively
tuples attributes column tables 4
roll_number student_name DOB All the above 4
cardinality degree both of them none of them 1
order domain table 2
Every row in a relation is a attribute order tuple degree 3
constraint view index none 1
) i, ii only ii, iii only i, ii, iii ii only 3
primary key candidate key Super Key Foreign Key 4
projection union Selection intersection 3
BCNF 1
BCNF 2
BCNF 4
BCNF 3
Normalization is used for all the above 4
4
In Relational Database the relations are called as
Identify the attributes of a Relation STUDENT
The number of attributes in a relation is
The set of all possible values that an attribute takes on is
none of the above
------------ restricts the values that may present in a data base
The key in a tupple which uniquely determines is
(i) primary key (ii) candidate key
(iii) Super Key
------------- is a set of attributes of one relation whose values are
required to match values of some key attributes of another relation
In relational algebra to get particular information based on the
condition we use
If the values in the relation instances are atomic for every attribute in the
relation then it is in
first normal form
second normal form
third normal form
if no non-key attribute is functionally dependant on just part
of key then it is in
first normal form
second normal form
third normal form
In a relation R if whenever an functionally dependency ,X-> A holds in R then X is a super key of R then it
is in
first normal form
second normal form
third normal form
The transitive dependency should not exist in
first normal form
second normal form
third normal form
to avoid partial
dependencies
to avoid transitive
dependencies
eliminate the functional
dependencies
The schema R is divided into R1, R2 where R1, R2 are having the
similar schema of R. This is called as
schema refreshment
schema dependency
schema diligence
schema refinement
Normalization Refinement All the above 4
Dependency Refinement All the above 3
Non key Foreign key 2
Re-Schedule Re-design Re-organize 4
4
1
primary key foreign key candidate key none 3
Date of birth both b & c 4
Denormalization is done to 4
Normalization generates row table Set of rows all the above 4
(A) and (C) 4
The big table is divided into two or more small tables is
Decomposition
X->Y and Y-> Z then X->Z is called
Transitive Dependency
A table is in the second normal form if all its _________ attributes are fully dependent on the whole attributes.
Candidate key
None of the above
Normalization reduces need to _____ data when design is
modified.
Re-Distribute
Which of the following is NOT an example of data redundancy?
A relationship between two entity types
can be derived from
another relationship
A value in the database can be
derived directly from another value.
Two attributes in the database
have the same value.
A value in the database can be derived by performing a calculation on other values.
To transform a relation from second normal form to third normal form we must remove which one of
the following?
All transitive dependencie
s
All repeating groups
All inverse partial-key
dependencies
All partial-key dependencies
A _____________ is a single or multiple attribute which can
uniquely identify one row in a table
Which of the following characteristic(s) is (are) not suitable
for use as the primary key of an employee?
Employee identity no
Address of employee
Check for Data
Integrity
Reduce Data Redundancy
Introduce Security Check
Increase Query
performance.
The characteristics of the primary key is
Only one Primry key
is allowed in a table
Required to create a table
Duplicate values are not
allowed
4
Both b) and c) 4
SQL is _________________ None 3
ALTER command is a 1 UPDATE command is a 2
1
All the above 4
a Construct a Join a Combine 3
B-A A+B A-B 4
Only B Both A & B A,B,D 4
A + B A or B A – B A and B 2
A or B A and B A – B A + B 2
3
The characteristics of Foreign Key is
Duplicate values are allowed
They are optional
They are mandatory
(a) and (b) only
How do u refine relation among tables
Define a Primary key
Define a Foreign key
Define both keys
Data base programming language
Non procedural language
Both A & B
DDL DML DCL TCL DDL DML DCL TCL
________________commands come under TCL Commit Insert Update
All the above
DCL commands perform ___________ functions
Create and maintain databases
Create and maintain partitions
Assign users to databases and tables
The process of combining two tables in a relational data base is
known as a Relate
The notation for the difference between two sets A and B is B+A
When querying a relational data base which actions are important
A. Deleting dataB. Querying data
C. Modifying dataD. Adding and inserting data
Only A
In relational algebra the UNION of two sets (set A and Set B). This
corresponds to
In relational algebra the INTERSECTION of two sets (set A and Set B). This corresponds to
A one to many relationship (of table A to Table B) is
Where each record in
Table B is required to
have a match in table A
Where each record in table B can have one or more matching records in table
A
Where each record in table
A can have one or more
matching records in
table B
Where each record in table A is required to have a match in
table B
3
A relational database is 1
A many to many relationship (join) 4
A query can 4
SQL stands for None 3
None 1
only 1 Both 2,4 1,2,3 2,3,4 4
Assume that Table A is joined to Table B. A one to one join (an
inner join or equijoin)
displays all rows
(records) for table A and
only those in table B that
have a matching
value
displays all rows (records) for table B and only those in table A that
have a matching value
displays rows (records)
only when the values of the Key in table A and the foreign
key in table B are equal
is when table B contains only one matching record for
each key in table A.
one that consists of
two or more tables that
are joined in some way
one that consists of two or more tables
a database that is able to
process tables,
queries, forms,
reports and macros
the same as a flat file
database
is a way of joining three
tables
is use only when all of the
tables is in third normal
form
Is a way of joining two
tables
is not allowed in a practical
implementation of a
relational design
not be used in conjuction with a set of
joined (related)
tables
only be based directly on one
data table
be based on a set of other
queries
be based on a set of joined
(related) tables
Structured Question Language
Sequential question language
Stuctured query
language
SQL was developed as an integral part of
Relational database
Flat file database
Datawarehouse
Which of the following are elements of SQL
1.Data modification language2. Data query language
3. Data manipulation language4. Data definition language
1
1
COMMIT ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT NONE 1
COMMIT ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT NONE 2
Drop Delete Remove None 2
Drop Delete Remove None 1
Print Spool Store None 2
select from order by group by 2
where from select none 1
RECURSIVE 3
A NAME TEXT UNIQUE 3
Consider the table (STUDREC).
Which of the following statements will list all columns and all rows?
SELECT * FROM studrec;
SELECT FROM studrec
*
SELECT FROM
studrec *;
SELECT * FROM studrec
Consider the table (STUDREC).
Which of the following statements will list columns INIT, SNAME and DOB (in that order) for all
rows
SELECT init, sname, dob FROM
studrec;
SELECT dob, sname, init
FROM studrec;
SELECT init, sname, dob
FROM studrec
SELECT init sname dob
FROM studrec;
__________command signals the successful end of a transaction
__________command signals the unsuccessful end of a trnsaction
__________command is used to delete rows in the table
__________command is used to remove a table from the database._________command can store the result of a query in a file as well as print and display them on screen
___________clause specifies the tables containing the data to be
retrieved by a query.
. _________ clause selects the rows to be included in the query results by applying a search condition to rows of
the database.
When a single entity is related to itself then the relationship is termed
as
ONE –TO-ONE
ONE-TO-MANY
MANY-TO-MANY
The primary characteristic of a key field as that it must be
ALL OF THE OTHER OPTION
LISTED FOR THIS
QUESTION
one-to-one one to many many to one 3
1st NF 2nd NF 3rd NF 4th NF 4
is / are sample(s) of data model. Relational Rational None
The term “inner join” refers to: 2
Outer join inner join Equijoin Self join 4
avg min max all the above 4
DML DDL DCL TCL 2
alter create delete drop 3
Commit Rollback Savepoint Save 4
No difference None. 1
Both A & B None. 2
What kind of relationship exist between customers and
salespersons if each customer may have one or more salespersons, and each salesperson may have one or
more customers?
many to many
A relation R is said to be in ________________ if it is in BCNF
and there are non-trivial multi valued dependencies
Entity- relationship
2oth 1 & 3
Joins between two tables in the
same schema
An equality join based on one column
from each table
A table joined with
itself
A Cartesian product join
._____________ join returns those rows from a table which have no
direct match in the other table
.__________ are standard aggregate functions
which of the following commands are auto commit commands
Which of the following commands are not auto commit commands
Which of the following commands is not a TCL command
What is the difference between TRUNCATE and DELETE
TRUNCATE cannot be rolled back, DELETE
can be rolled back
TRUNCATE can be rolled
back, DELETE cannot be
rolled back
_____________ is a subquery which has reference to the main
query.
Related subquery
Correlated subquery
4
1 false 1
NONE 1
none. 1
Both A & B. None. 1
RUN EXECUTE SHOW NONE 1
REGRANT UNGRANT REVOKE INVOKE 3
MONTHS 4
IN LIKE EQUALS NONE 2
NULL NOT NULL ISNULL NONE 3
What is the fastest way of accessing a row in a table.
Using JOINS
Using correlates subqueries
Using column id constraints
Using row id constraints
State true or false, EXISTS, SOME ,ANY are all operators in SQL
cannot be determined
data insufficient
What will be the output of the following query.
SELECT REPLACE (TRANSLATE (LTRIM( RTRIM( ’!! ATHEN !!’,’!’),’!’)
’AN’,’***’),’*’,’TROUBLE’) FROM DUAL;
TROUBLETHETROUB
LE
THETROUBLETROUBLE
THETHETROUBLE
what does the following query do. SELECT SAL +
NVL(COMM,0) FROM EMP;
displays salary of
employees and the null values in the commission column will be replaced
by 0.
displays salary of employees and the null values in the commission column will
not be replaced by 0.
displays null values.
what is the advantage of specifying grant option in the grant command.
The privilege
receiver can grant the
privileges to any other
user
The privilege receiver is
given with the privileges
permanently and the owner cannot revoke
them back
which command displays the sql command in the sql buffer and then
executes it.
which command is used to getback the privileges given by GRANT
command.
which date function is used to find difference between two dates.
MONTHS_IN
MONTHS_FROM
MONTHS_BETWEEN
what operator performs pattern matching.
what operator tests column for the absence of data
. both A & B None 1
floor ceil round none 1
DDL DML DCL TCL. 1
1
YES NO none 2
% Both A & B none. 1
% Both A & B none. 1
2 6 7 5 4
1 0 2
CHAR VARCHAR2 LONGRAW all the above 4
yes no 1
SELECT CONNECT 4
what is the use of DROP option in ALTER table command
used to drop constraints
specified on the table
used to drop constraints
specified on the column
which function is used to find the largest integer less than or equal to
the specific value
what is the subset of sql commands used to manipulate oracle database
stuctures , including tables
what command is used to create a table by copying the structure of
another table.
CREATETABLE as
SELECT COMMAN
D
CREATECOMMAND AS SELECT TABLE
. BOTH A and B
NONE OF THE ABOVE
TRUNCATE TABLE EMP; DELETE FROM EMP;
Will the output of the above commands differ
data not sufficient
what are the wild cards used forsingle character pattern
matching.
_ ( underscore
)
what are the wild cards used for multi character pattern matching.
_ ( underscore
)a maximum of how many save
points can be used in a transaction.
it is possible to use LONG COLUMNS in WHERE or
ORDER BY
cannot be determined
data insufficient
what are the data types allowed in a table
can a primary key contain more than one column.
cannot be determined
data insufficient
what are the various privileges that a user can grant to another user.
RESOURCES
ALL THE ABOVE
None 1
NULL NOT NULL DEFAULT 4
RAW LONG RAW IMAGE NONE. 2
WHERE HAVING ORDER BY NONE 2
WHERE HAVING ORDER BY NONE 1
BOOLEAN INTEGER NONE 1
UNIQUE DESCRIBE SPECIAL DISTINCT 4
. only one more than one two three 1
one two none 3
NOT NULL NULL IS NULL NONE 1
IN LIKE EQUALS NONE 1
program code language query 4
1234 1200 5678 none 2
4
what is the difference between RENAME and ALIAS
RENAME is a permanent name given to a table or column and ALIAS is a temporary
name.
RENAME is a temporary
name given to a table or
column and ALIAS is a permanent
name.
BOTH are false
what are various constraints used in SQL
ALL THE ABOVE.
which data type is used for storing graphics and images
.__________ clause is used when we want to specify a condition for
a group function.
__________ clause is used to specify a condition for columns
what is the return value of EXISTS clause
CHARECTER
what keyword is used to avoid duplicate records in a query
a table can have _______ number of primary keys
a table can have ________ number of unique keys.
any number of unique
keys
the columns containing primary key are automatically defined as
__________
__________operator is used to return multiple rows
_______ is a user command that is used to interact with the data base
what is the output of SELECT TRUNC(1234.5678,-2) FROM
DUAL:
SELECT a,b FROM c,d where c has 10 records and d
has 10 records results in A table with 0 records
A table with 10 records
A table with 100 records
The number of records cannot be predicted
deadlock 4
both A & B none 1
none 2
none 1
both a & b none 1
A database can be left in an inconsistent state due to
inaccurate data is
entered into the database.
roll-forward after a failure
a transaction fails and its changes are
applied to the database.
identify the correct syntax of SELECT statement
SELECT "column_name" FROM "table_name
"
SELECT "table_name"
FROM "column_name
"
identify the correct syntax of DISTINCT clause
SELECT DISTINCT
"table_name"
FROM "column_na
me"
SELECT DISTINCT
"column_name"
FROM "table_name"
SELECT DISTINCT
FROM "table_name"
identify the correct syntax of WHERE clause
SELECT "column_nam
e"FROM
"table_name"WHERE
"condition"
SELECT "column_name"
FROM "table_name"
WHERE "column_name"
SELECT "table_name"
FROM "column_name
"WHERE
"condition"
identify the correct syntax of IN operator.
SELECT "column_nam
e"FROM
"table_name"WHERE
"column_name" IN
('value1', 'value2', ...)
SELECT "column_name"
FROM "table_name"
WHERE "column_name"
IN (value1, value2, ...)
none. 2
both a & b none 1
none. 1
none 1
both a & b none 1
identify the correct syntax of BETWEEN operator
SELECT "column_nam
e"FROM
"table_name"WHERE
"column_name" BETWEEN value1 AND
value2
SELECT "column_name"
FROM "table_name"
WHERE "column_name"
BETWEEN 'value1' AND
'value2'
SELECT "column_name
"FROM
"table_name"WHERE
"table_name" BETWEEN
'value1' AND 'value2'
identify the correct syntax of LIKE operator
SELECT "column_nam
e"FROM
"table_name"WHERE
"column_name" LIKE
{PATTERN}
SELECT "table_name"
FROM "column_name"
WHERE "column_name"
LIKE {PATTERN}
what is the order of GROUPBY, HAVING and ORDERBY
GROUPBY, HAVING and ORDERBY
. HAVING , GROUPBY and
ORDERBY
ORDERBY, HAVING and GROUPBY
identify the correct syntax of ORDER BY clause
SELECT "column_nam
e"FROM
"table_name"[WHERE
"condition"]ORDER BY
"column_name" [ASC, DESC]
SELECT "column_name"
FROM "table_name"ORDER BY
"column_name" [ASC, DESC]
SELECT "column_name
"[WHERE
"condition"]ORDER BY
"column_name" [ASC, DESC]
identify the correct syntax of COUNT operator
SELECT COUNT("column_name")
FROM "table_name"
SELECT COUNT FROM "table_name"
none 1
none 2
both a & b none 1
none 2
identify the correct syntax of GROUP BY clause
SELECT "column_na
me1", SUM("column_name2")
FROM "table_name
"GROUP BY
"column_name1"
SELECT "column_name1
", SUM("column_n
ame2")GROUP BY
"column_name1"
SELECT "column_name
1", SUM("column_
name2")FROM
"table_name"GROUP BY
identify the correct syntax of HAVING clause.
SELECT "column_na
me1", SUM("column_name2")GROUP BY
"column_name1"
HAVING (arithematic
function condition)
SELECT "column_name1
", SUM("column_n
ame2")FROM
"table_name"GROUP BY
"column_name1"
HAVING (arithematic
function condition)
SELECT "column_name
1", SUM("column_
name2")FROM
"table_name"HAVING
(arithematic function
condition)
identify the correct syntax for creating a table
CREATE TABLE
"table_name"("column 1"
"data_type_for_column_1","column 2"
"data_type_for_column_2",
... )
CREATE TABLE ("column 1"
"data_type_for_column_1","column 2"
"data_type_for_column_2",
... )
identify the correct syntax for deleting a table
DELETE TABLE
"table_name"
DROP TABLE "table_name"
DROP "table_name
"
. both a & b none 1
empty non empty none 1
none 1
both b & c 4
both a & b 4
none 2
Round() Ceil() Last_Day() Add_month() 3
identify the correct syntax for inserting values into a table
INSERT INTO
"table_name" ("column1",
"column2", ...)VALUES ("value1",
"value2", ...)
INSERT INTO "table_name"
VALUES ("value1",
"value2", ...
to add a column with not null constraint the table should be
________
its not dependent on whether the
table is empty or not
to modify the data type of a column the prerequisite is
________
the column should be
empty
the column should be full
its noe dependent on whether the column is empty or
not
Consider the following SQL statement:GRANT SELECT,
UPDATE(Designation) ON Employee TO Amali,Hiruni WITH GRANT
OPTION;What does this SQL statement do?
Grant permission to Amali,only to retrieve data
from Employee table and
grant permission toHiruni, only to
update the designation
from Employee
table
Grant permission to Amali & Hiruni
to retrieve data from Employee
table.
Grant permission to Amali & Hiruni
to update designation of employees in the Employee
table.
Which of the following SQL command(s) is (are) correct with respect to database definitions?
CREATE TABLE
defines a new table
with its columns.
ALTER TABLE allows adding new columns.
ADD TABLE allows
adding new tables to
database at any time
select job, count(*) from emp group by job
displays only jobs.
displays number of employees
under each job
displays only number of employees
which function is used to take end date of the month
none 2
; / \ none 1
DML DDL DPL DCL 4
SELECT FROM WHERE GROUP BY 3
a query can be _________ 1
WHERE GROUP BY SELECT ORDER BY 2
Atomicity Consistency Isolation Durability 3
privileges modification altering none 1
all the above 4
sub queries double queries inner queries outer queries 1
* _ % both b & c 4
LTRIM SUBSTR RTRIM both a & c 4
having where union group by 3
when we use group by in the SQL statement
it places the rows in
shadow page and groups
the data.
it places the rows in order
and then groups
it groups the information
without using the order
a query in SQL plus usually ends with the SQL terminator
___________ is a set of commands that is used to control a database
which include security
in a SQL statement which of the following statements indicate which rows are to be selected
based on a set of joined
tables
not to be used in conjunction
with set of joined tables.
only be used directly on
one data table
be based on set of other
queries
HAVING clause is associated with _______
during a transaction the result is not visible to other transactions this is
dropping table will cause associated indexes and
________________ granted to be
the ALTER TABLE comand lets you
adding integrity
constraints
creating new columns
modifying existing columns
___________ allow developers to build powerful commands out of
simple ones
LIKE operator can be used by the following symbols
which function is used to trim specified characters from a string
multiple queries can be put together and their output can be combined
using ________ clause
sub queries nested queries 2
3
none 1
tables views indexes all 4
IN EXISTS both a & b none 1
trunc initcap concat both b & c 4
{ ÷ , x } { σ, π, ∩ } {π , ∩, σ, -} 1
3
3
a and b a,b and c b,c and d a nd c 2
a and b a,b and c a,c and d a nd c 3
a,b and c c, d and e a,b and d d,e and b 3
Schema Meta data Data file 4
the subquery which will execute once for each row returned by the
outer query is
correlated subqueries
complexed queries
which of the following statements are key features of SQL
non unified language
procedural language
common language for all relational
databases
english like language
how is the execution of DQL query perform when it is having joins
first row of the tables
last row of the tables
middle row of the tables
DDL consists of commands to create objects like
__________clause can have multiple values
which of the following are character functions
Which of the following sets of operations represent a complete set
of relational algebra operations?{ σ, π, U}
. If W, X, Y and Z are attributes of a relation, which of the following inference rules for functionaldependencies is/are correct?
If X -> Y then Y-> X.
If X -> Y then (X, Z)-> (Y,W).
If X -> (Y,Z) then X -> Y.
If (X, Z) -> Y then X -> Y and Z -> Y.
Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding
normalization?
It do not reduce update
anomalies
It increases insertion
anomalies
It minimizes redundancy
There in no zero normal
form relations
(c) When too many joins are necessary to access frequently used What are the anomalies which can be
present due to un-normalised relations?
(a) insertion (b) selection (c) deletion(d) update (e) none
column is single valued.(c) Primary key of a relation should be
the first column.The information about the tables created by the Data Definition
Language (DDL) statements are recorded in the:
Data dictionary
1
b and d a and d a,b and d b,d and e 2
b and e c and d a,b and d b,d and e 1
a,b and c a,c ,d and e a,b and d b,d and e 1
Referential Entity Domain none 2
Extension Relation set 4
Extension Relation set 2
DDL DML DCL TCL 1
DDL DML DCL VDL 4
None 2
1NF 2NF 3NF None 1
Which of the following should always be true for attributes in a
relational model?
Synonyms may be used in naming
attributes of different relations.
Homonyms may be used in
naming attributes of the same relation.
A foreign key can be
defined on attributes used as
homonyms.
Default values can be
assigned to any attribute
Benefits of normalisation include:
(a) Ensuring that attributes are placed in proper relations.
(b) Increasing data redundancy.(c) Increasing update anomalies.
(d) Maximising the stability of the data model.
primary key of a relation.(c) Null value is a blank or zero value given to an attribute value when its including updating, inserting,
modifying and retrieving data..”The primary key cannot have null
value” .Which integrity rule specifies this.
__________defines a set of associations or a relationship set
among a given set of entity types.
Degree of relationship
Relationship type
.___________ the number of entity type participating.
Degree of relationship
Relationship type
A data base schema is specifies by a set of definitions expressed by a special language called _______
. _______specifies user views and their mappings to the conceptual
schema.
.________ consists of a set of operations that take one or two relations as input and produce a
new relation..
Relational tuples
Relational algebra
Relational Trigonometry
.
The domain of attribute must include only atomic (simple, indivisible) values. This is
1NF,atomic 2NF,1NF 3NF,2NF none 2
1NF,atomic 2NF,1NF 3NF,2NF BCNF, 3NF 4
Meta Data a and b none 3
Acidity Consistency Durability 3
File Manager. 3
1
DDL DCL DML TCL 1
INTEGER INT SMALLINT all the above 4
TIME DATE 4
TIME DATE 2
A relation schema R is in _____ if it is in ____ and every non-prime
attribute A in R is fully functionally dependent on primary
key..
A relation schema R is in _______if it is in ______and satisfies an additional constraint that for every FD X-->A, X
must be a candidate key..
The description of data is stored in a collection of relations maintained
by the system called _______
Data Dictionary
Once the DBMS informs the user that a transaction has successfully
completed, its effects should persist even if the system crashes before
all its changes are reflected on disk. This property is called _________.
Intereoperability
A_______is a program module, which is responsible for fetching data from disk storage into main
memory and deciding what data to be cache in memory.
Storage Manager
Transaction Manager
Buffer Manager
For referential integrity to be maintained
. Every foreign key value must
have a correspondin
g primary/unique key value
No foreign key should have a corresponding primary key
value.
There should be an index on the tables
The tables should be in
different schemas of the
database.
The data-sub language which supports the definition and
declaration of the database objects
The data type in the SQL which specifies the exact numeric value
Which data type represents the date DATESTA
MPTIMESTAM
P
Which data type represents the time DATESTA
MPTIMESTAM
P
MM-DD-YY 4
SS:MM:HH Both a and b 1
UNIQUE CHECK 4
iv) and v) only i),ii),iii) only 3
3
DELETE UPDATE MODIFY ALTER 4
Having Order by Group by Where 1
Comparison Arithmetic Logical Relational 1
Complex Correlated Nested Complicated 3
1
4
control manipulation definition query 4
The Date should be in the format of DD-MM-
YYDD-MMM-YYYYY
YYYY-MM-DD
The Time should be in the format of
HH:MM:SS
none of the above
Which of the following is a Column level constraint
PRIMARY KEY
FOREIGN KEY
Which of the following is a Table level constraint
i) PRIMARY KEYii) UNIQUE
iii) FOREIGN KEY iv) CHECK
v) NOT NULL
i) and iv) only
i),ii),iii),iv) and v)
Which key specifies the REFERENTIAL INTEGRETY
SUPER KEY
PRIMARY KEY
FOREIGN KEY
CANDIDATE KEY
To delete a column from a table the command which we use
Conditional retrieval of rows from a grouped result is possible with
the __ clause.
The operators which are evaluated first followed by the logical
operators are_________ operators.
When we need to select rows from a table with a condition that
depends on the data in table itself __________ sub query is useful
Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true for the SQL relational query language?
In a nested SQL query, the results of
the inner query is
passed to the outer query
Join operation can be used to implement a
selection operation
Attributes of different relations
cannot have the same
name
CREATE TABLE
command can be used to
create a virtual relation
when we pass a column as function argument in COUNT()
it counts all the rows
it counts only even rows
it counts no rows
it counts only rows where row is not
null.data can be retrieved from data
base using _________ language.
26 25 25.5 26.5 2
cricket religion 4
none 2
What is a JOIN None. 3
Self join Equi join Outer join None 1
Both A & B None. 3
self join equi join outer join. all the above. 4
self join can be used on two tables cant say 3
outer join retrieves matched rows none 3
foreign key both a & c 4
NOT OR AND both b & c 4
Non-equi Equi Self Outer 1
Self Cartesian Inner Full 2
the output of the query floor(25.99) from dual is
the output of the query concat( ’cricket’,concat(’is’,’religio
n’)) from dual is
is cricket religion
cricket cricket is
cricket is religion
which of the following correctly specifies how to indicate a column
alias
place the alias at the begining of the column
place the alias after each column
both a & b will work
Used to join two tables
Used to intersect two
tables.
A query which
retrieves rows or
columns from multiple tables.
.________ join is used to join the table with itself.
What are different types of outer join
Left outer join
Right outer join
what are the various JOINS used while writing sub queries
by creating a duplicate table
giving different alias name to same
table
unmatched rows
unmatched and matched
rows
in inner join which of the following are required ___________
common column
equal operator
which of the following operators are used to add more joining
conditions in a multi table query
When no column is common in between two tables then _____ join
is used.
The join which is useful in finding out all the possible combinations of
columns from different tables is ________ join.
Cartesian Inner Equi Outer 4
Disjoin . join Access Algebra 2
Outer join Natural join Inner join 4
product join union intersection. 2
2
a,b only b,c only a,b and d a,b and c 3
a,e and b a and b a,c and d b,c and e 3
Super key Compound key none 2
Indexing Searching sorting Hashing 1
null is _______ zero value unknown nothing none 2
not null unique primary key check 1
not null is what type of constraint restriction check unique referential 2
1 and 2 1 and 3 2 and 3 1 ,2 AND 3 4
The _________ join is used to select a row forcefully which
cannot be selected using Equi-join.
A relational operation that causes two tables to be combined into
single table is __________
A join in which the joining condition is based upon equality between values in the common
columns is
None of the above
__________ is the concatenation of rows from one relation and related
rows from another.
Select the correct statement(s) from among the following on referential
integrity
Referential integrity
constraints check
whether the primary key values are
unique.
Referential integrity
constraints are specified
between two relations in a
schema.
Referential integrity
constraints check
whether an attribute
value lies in the given
range.
Referential integrity
constraints are specified between
entities having recursive
relationships
previously defined views.(c) A view is updatable if it is defined (c) Most of the SQL commands that can be performed on tables can be
Combining multiple elements to create a unique identifier for the construct is known as creating a
________key.
Candidate key
.______ is a technique for determining how quickly specific
data can be found.
___________ constraint is not a table level constraint
For which two constraints are indexes created when the constraint is added? 1. Check constraint 2. Unique 3.
Primary key
Foreign key 4
2 3 1 4 3
Yes No can’t say none 2
The NULL is __________ row column table all the above 1
The fields of an Index file is Key value Pointer Delimiter 4
none 3
i), ii) only i), iii) only ii), iv) only 4
primary secondary clustering multi level 1
primary secondary clustering multi level 2
What is a VIEW None of these 1
3
all the above 4
___________ key made up of parts which when combined becomes a
unique identifier.
Candidate key
Composite key
Concatenated key
how many clustered indexes can be created on a table
Can an Integrity Constraint be enforced on a table if some existing
table data does not satisfy the constraint
both (a) and (b)
The pointer in the Index file refer to
absolute address
relative block number
both (a) and (b)
Select the right choiceTypes of indexes are
i) primary ii)secondary iii)clustering iv) multi level
i), ii), iii) and iv)
The index that is an ordered file whose records are fixed length with
two fields is
The index file of the data file where indexing is on any field other than the primary key is
An SQL view is a rowset
which generates its rows from an
SQL statement
Logical structure of a table
Which is able to change the
main table
We create a view VIEW1 on the table TABLE1. If we drop the table1
The view also dropped
The table can’t drop because
there is relation with the VIEW1
Still the VIEW1 exists
Sql error occurs
what are the advantages of the views.
To protect some of the
columns of a table from other users.
To hide complexity of a
query.
To hide complexity of calculations.
none. 1
2
all the above. 4
Binary Tree B-tree Mapping 2
all the above 1
a sequence can be modified using alter table both 2 & 3 4
command to delete sequence 1
when are indexes selected both a & b neither a & b 2
Group By Having Distinct all 4
indexed hashed join clustered 1
2
a view can be updated on what condition.
if it has only one base
table.
if the view is based on
columns in one or two tables
it is not dependent on
the above conditions
Which of the following is not correct about a View ?
To protect some of the
columns of a table from other users
Occupies data storage space
To hide complexity of
a query
To hide complexity of a calculation
Which of the following statements is/are correct with respect to a view
in SQL?
A view is a single table
that is derived from other tables
A view can be derived from previously
defined views
A view is not updatable if it
is defined using
grouping and aggregate functions.
A multi level index leads to a …………………
Transaction Failure
Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct with
respect of external views?
Hide data from
unauthorised users.
does not Permit the use of derived
attributes.
does not Allow
changing the unit of
measurement of some
stored data.
replace sequence
alter sequence
drop sequence
delete sequence
remove sequence
we cant remove a sequence
during logical data modelling
during physical data modelling
which of the following operations are not possible through a view
a view with a clustered index is called ___________
Which of the following statements is not true about views?
You can create a index
on view
Views do not have permanent
data
Views can be based on one or more tables
Views can be dropped without dropping tables
What is not true about Views 4
yes no 2
yes no 1
View Index synonym sequence 2
i) , ii) only 4
YES NO CAN'T SAY data insufficient 1
YES NO CAN'T SAY data insufficient 1
YES NO CAN'T SAY data insufficient 1
i) , ii) only 4
Sequence Synonym Degree Order 1
Data files Redo Log files Control files tablespaces 3
buffer segment extent none of those 1
Data integrity can be maintained by Both b) and c) 4
views indices triggers 3
A view is a virtual table
Every view has a Query
attached to it.
Views do not contain data
None of the above
Do the view contain or view can store the data
data insufficient can’t say
Can a View based on another View
data insufficient can’t say
an optional structure associated with a table to have direct access to rows, which can be created to increase the performance of data
retrieval
What are the different type of Segments
i) Data Segment ii)Index Segment iii)Rollback Segment
iv)Temporary Segment
i) and ii) and iv) only
i),ii) and iii) only
i),ii), iii) and iv)
Can a Tablespace hold objects from different Schemes
Can objects of the same Schema reside in different tablespaces
Does the Schema objects directly refer to the database's data?
Schema objects include i)tables ii)views iii)sequences
iv)synonyms v)indexesi) and iv) and
v) onlyi),ii) and iii)
onlyi),ii), iii), iv)
and v)
Which generates a serial list of unique numbers for numerical columns of a database's tables
The file which records the physical structure of the database is
________ store the most recently used blocks of database data. It can also contain modified data that has not yet been permanently written to
disk
Pre-defined subsets of the
existing tables /SQL statements
Occupy the disk space
All the views are updatable
Locks can be applicable for __________
All of the above
All the above 4
3
3
Both a) and b) 3
Table means all the above 4
RDBMS is based on none of these 2
ACID properties stands for 1
None 1
Find the valid DML statements None 3
None 3
4
The Advantages of the Normalization are
minimize storage
redundancy
provided optimum
flexibilities
Ensure proper and meaning
full DML operations
Which of the following is not true about the data dictionary
Un-intentional query results
Reveals new requirements in
business
Improved performance
None of the above
what is the mandatory condition fo the transaction to be complete
Is an integrated set
of system tables
Is stored in regular tables
Can be maintained by
the users
Is accessed via vendor supplied
views
which of the following are the conditions to be satisfied by
database objects
A rollback or commit of
the transaction
is guaranteed
Obeys user defined integrity
constraints
None of the above
consume space
improve Query performance
reduce insert/update performance
Hierarchical model
relational model
Network model
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and
durability
Atomicity, Creativity,
Isolation and durability
Authority, Consistency, Isolation and
durability
None of the above
Which of the following statements are for relational database
Data is represented in rows and
columns
The data is stored as B-tree
Index and views are
stored in Rows and Columns
Insert, Update, Erase
Insert, Update, Modify
Insert, Delete, Update
Which are the following statements are true for primary key
Primary key used for
performing check
constraints
It can’t identify the row
It can uniquely identify the
row
Which are the following statements are true for foreign key
Foreign key used for
performing check
constraints
It can’t identify the row
It can uniquely identify the
row
Foreign key maps always to a valid primary
key
Transaction control means None 2
Data integrity means 1
4
Data concurrency means 2
All the above 2
1
1
Solid line Dashed line ellipse none 2
Initcap Concat Substring Length 3
All tables User tables DBA tables All the above 2
set of clusters 1
none of these 2
Capability to manipulate
the database
Capability to commit or rollback
Capability to change the
structure of the table
Column to maintain datatype specifies
Column to maintain length
Column to be not NULL
Column to be unique
What is not a feature of Hierarchical model
Child having a parent
Parent having parent
Parent may have any
number of Childs
Child having more than one
parent
Accessing multiple
table records
Access by multiple users
Doing sequential multiple deletes
Doing sequential multiple inserts
Normalization main important aim is
to remove the data
redundancy between the
columns
to have least redundancy
dependency on primary key
to have more flexible access
De-Normalization is required when To make
data redundancy
To make all column
dependency on primary key
To create as many related
tables
To give more flexible access
in order to avoid lengthy
joins
Chose the correct sequence regarding select clause
Where-group by-having –
order by
Where –having-order by – group
by
Group by – having –
where –order by
Having - order by – group by-
where
How does you represent a “may-be” relationship in E-R diagram
which character function is used to return a specified portion of a
character string
Which dictionary view gives the information of the tables of user
Which of the following statements are from database
set of tables & views
set of synonyms
none of the above
Which way of accessing information in the database is easy
primary key access
Table access by ROWID
access by foreign key
DELETE DROP TRUNCATE 3
* / + – 4
SELECT ROUND (631.1250,2) 631.13 6.31125 63112.5 1
ORA RAC CLE ACL 2
partial full restricted Extend 4
None 1
Where having from grouping 3
3
outer join inner join equi join normal join 3
1 32456 0 UNLIMITED 4
having grouping where from 4
eqi join self join outer join Cartesian join 4
Which command will remove all data from the table and not able to
roll back is
ALL THE ABOVE
Which character is used to continue the SQL* plus
none of the above
SELECT SUBSTR (ORACLE 2,3) FROM DUAL
Which type of row id for the propionate does the oracle global
index uses
The output of the querySELECT REPLACE ( RTRIM
( ‘ANTICIPATION’,’ON’),’TI’,’SHUN’) FROM DUAL
ANTICIPASHUNON
ANTICISHUNONPATION
ANTICIPAONSHUN
We can use any arithmetic operators in any clause of sql
except
On Which side the outer join condition the join symbol should
be there
Both sides of the condition
Either side of the condition
The side that is deficient condition in information
None of the above
Consider the following query SELECT DNAME, ENAME FROM
DEPT D, EMP E WHERE D.DEPTNO=E. DEPTNO ORDER BY
DNAME, NAME This join is called as
What is the number of the values a sub query using the "in" operator
can return to the parent query
When using the multiple table to query information , in which clause
we specify the names of tables
With out any join condition the join becomes
inner join outer join self join none 3
IN = > < 1
None of these 2
All the above 3
A person’s name is an example of Record Database Byte Entity 4
record field file database 1
record file attribute pointer 3
4
master key master field attribute key field 4
byte field bit file 3
4
poor security 2
The query given below is SELECT E.ENAME=”EMPLOYEE”,
M.ENAME=”MANAGER” FROM EMP E, EMP M WHERE M.MGR=E.EMPNO
What type of join is this
The operator which can hold multiple values is
The advantages that using the aliases are
It can used to refer the
table
It effectively improve the
query performance
It allows to join two tables
If we delete the foreign key row from the table DEPT then the result
is
Delete records for the table
DEPT
Delete the record from both tables
Referential integrity error
occurs
Collectively, a course number, course title, and course description
would be called
A characteristic or quality describing a particular entity is
called
Which of the following is an attribute?
a student’s personal history record
a student database
a student personal
history file
a student’s social security
number
The field in a record that uniquely identifies instances of that record
so that it can be retrieved, updated, or sorted best describes
The smallest data element in the data hierarchy is a:
Problems with the traditional file environment include:
data redundancy
poor data security
inability to share data
among applications
all of the above
The situation that occurs when different divisions, functional
areas, and groups in an organization independently collect the same piece of information best
describes
program-data
independence
data redundancy
lack of flexibility.
attribute database field segment 2
A logical view is: 4
3
field. pointer file tuple 4
2
1
object design 4
Which of the following is a group of files?
the process of creating small
stable data structures
from complex groups of data when designing a relational database.
a methodology for documenting
databases illustrating the relationship
between various entities in the
database
an approach to data
management that stores
both data and the
procedures acting on the
data as objects that
can be automatically retrieved and
shared
a representation of data as they would appear
to an application
programmer or user
The language associated with a database management system that
is employed by end users and programmers to manipulate data in
the database is the:
data definition language
data presentation
language
data manipulation
language
data translation language
A row or record in a relational database is called a(n):
In a relational database, the operation that creates a subset of data consisting of columns in a
table, permitting the user to create new tables that contain only the
information required is the:
join operation
project operation
section operation
select operation
In the relational database, the operation that combines relational
tables to provide the user with more information than is available
in individual tables is the:
join operation
merge operation
select operation
grow operation
An abstract model of the database from a business perspective best
defines:
physical design
organizational view
conceptual design
data structuring normalization. 4
The process of creating small, stable data structures from complex
groups of data when designing a relational database defines:
data decompositi
on
data transcribing