Read about events in Czechoslovakia in 1948 & take notes on how the Communists assumed control. Extension: why was the

West so shocked by events in this country?

starter activity

Czech Crisis, 1948Czech Crisis, 1948

Communists mounted a coup d’Communists mounted a coup d’éétat tat Police force taken over by communistsPolice force taken over by communists Non-communist personnel removedNon-communist personnel removed Non-communists removed from govtNon-communists removed from govt Fear & coercion used to remove Fear & coercion used to remove

remaining opponents, e.g. Jan Masaryk remaining opponents, e.g. Jan Masaryk defenestrateddefenestrated

President Benes forced to resign & President Benes forced to resign & replaced by communist Gottwaldreplaced by communist Gottwald

What shocked WestWhat shocked West

Symptomatic of Soviet aggression in Symptomatic of Soviet aggression in Eastern Europe & communist Eastern Europe & communist expansionismexpansionism

Last remaining democratic country Last remaining democratic country in Eastern Europein Eastern Europe

Memories of WWII – failure of Memories of WWII – failure of appeasementappeasement & Nazi expansionism & Nazi expansionism

What impact did the Czechoslovakian Crisis of 1948 have on Western attitudes towards the USSR?

How did the How did the blockadeblockade of Berlin of Berlin increase Cold War increase Cold War

tensions?tensions?To be able to explain how the To be able to explain how the communists took control of communists took control of

CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakiaTo identify at least 5 major causes To identify at least 5 major causes

of the Berlin Blockade (1948-9)of the Berlin Blockade (1948-9)To assess the impact of the crisisTo assess the impact of the crisis

LOs

Checkpoint Charlie, Berlin. Why was Berlin so important during the Cold War?

Reasons why Berlin was so Reasons why Berlin was so importantimportant

Capital of Germany - cause of two Capital of Germany - cause of two world warsworld wars

Place where East met West, Place where East met West, communism v. capitalismcommunism v. capitalism

Focus of world events at Yalta & Focus of world events at Yalta & Potsdam (1945), Berlin Blockade Potsdam (1945), Berlin Blockade (1948-9), Berlin Wall (1961, 1989)(1948-9), Berlin Wall (1961, 1989)

What does this photo tell us about Berlin after WWII?

Your taskYour task

Read p.31 and in your notes Read p.31 and in your notes summarise the main reasons why the summarise the main reasons why the Berlin Blockade occurred in 1948.Berlin Blockade occurred in 1948.

Which reason was the most Which reason was the most important?important?

Extension: Extension: Why did the US not fear a revived Germany, whilst the USSR did?

Causes of Berlin Causes of Berlin BlockadeBlockade

Divisions over future of Berlin dating Divisions over future of Berlin dating back to Yalta & Potsdamback to Yalta & Potsdam

Tensions of economic differences – West Tensions of economic differences – West zones benefited from Marshall Aidzones benefited from Marshall Aid

Differences in living standardsDifferences in living standards Failure of Council of MinistersFailure of Council of Ministers Introduction of new currency – Deutche Introduction of new currency – Deutche

MarkMark Merger of Western zonesMerger of Western zones

Your taskYour task

Read p.31-2 and list the major Read p.31-2 and list the major consequences of the Berlin Blockade.consequences of the Berlin Blockade.

Extension: Who in your opinion came out Extension: Who in your opinion came out as the winners as a result of this crisis?as the winners as a result of this crisis?

What were the What were the consequences?consequences?

11stst major major flashpointflashpoint of Cold War of Cold War 1949, Western allies estd. Federal 1949, Western allies estd. Federal

Republic of West GermanyRepublic of West Germany 1949, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty 1949, NATO (North Atlantic Treaty

Organisation) foundedOrganisation) founded End to US isolationismEnd to US isolationism Divisions between East & West Divisions between East & West

Germany became permanentGermany became permanent

Watch the extract from the Channel 4 series, ‘Cold War’ and answer the questions that follow.

Why were Truman & Stalin so determined to make an example of Berlin?

ExtensionExtension

Produce a presentation and factoid Produce a presentation and factoid on Lucius D Clay. Did his attitude on Lucius D Clay. Did his attitude help to increase tensions or avert help to increase tensions or avert the threat of a conflict with the the threat of a conflict with the USSR?USSR?

General Lucius D Clay, Governor of Berlin

PlenaryPlenary

Why was Berlin so important?Why was Berlin so important? Why did Stalin order the blockade?Why did Stalin order the blockade? What were the long-term What were the long-term

consequences of the Berlin consequences of the Berlin Blockade?Blockade?

DebateDebate Work in small groups. Your task is to Work in small groups. Your task is to

demonstrate that your given event was the demonstrate that your given event was the most significant most significant turning point turning point in the in the development of Cold War in the period development of Cold War in the period 1945-48?1945-48?

Yalta & Potsdam conferences (1945)Yalta & Potsdam conferences (1945) Soviet expansion in Eastern Europe (1945-Soviet expansion in Eastern Europe (1945-

7)7) Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech (1946)Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech (1946) Truman Doctrine & Marshall Aid (1947) Truman Doctrine & Marshall Aid (1947) Berlin Blockade (1948-9)Berlin Blockade (1948-9)

HomeworkHomework

Please read the extracts from Cold Please read the extracts from Cold War at Source on the Berlin War at Source on the Berlin Blockade and complete questions 1-Blockade and complete questions 1-55

Extension: See previous task on Extension: See previous task on Lucius D ClayLucius D Clay