real time automatic irrigation system
TRANSCRIPT
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Real Time AutomaticIrrigation System
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Organisation of thePresentation
• Introduction• Block Diagram• Interfaces• Soil Moisture Sensor• Solenoid Valve• Relays• Result• Future Scope• pplications
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Introduction• griculture is the oldest occupation in the
!orld"• #e are una$le to make full use of
agricultural resources"• %he main reason is the lack of rains &
scarcity of land reservoir !ater"•
%his pro'ect helps in time saving andremoval of human error in ad'ustingavaila$le soil moisture levels"
• %he goal of this pro'ect is to automate the
irrigation system !ith the help of !ireless
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Interfaces
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Sensor Interface
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Sensor Interface ()ont"d*• Four Soil moisture sensors are e+cited $y
giving po!er supply of ,V each and isconnected to lo!er four $its of Port "
• %he sensor senses the amount of moisturepresent in the soil and presents an outputin the form of analog voltage"
• %he average of all the sensor values isused to decide the condition of the relay!hich controls the valve and thus !ateringthe -eld for prede-ned amount of time"
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Relay Interface
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Relay Interface• %he computed average sensor value !ill $e
compared !ith the prede-ned thresholdvalue and the code decides the duration for
!hich the -eld is to $e !atered"• %he pin .ero of Port B acts as the output pin
!hich is given as a control input to the relay"• %he relay s!itches $et!een the On or O/
condition thus controlling the 0o! of !aterfrom the solenoid for that particular amountof time"
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1igBee Interface
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1igBee Interface ()ont"d*
• 1igBee is a type of !ireless communicationmodule !hich is connected tomicrocontroller using RS232"
• nother 1igBee transceiver is connected toremote P) using the RS232 ca$le"
• %he packet received $y the P) is processed
and the sensor values and the relay statusis sho!n on the P)"• %he sensor values are plotted on a graph
for data logging"
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Soil Moisture Sensor• resistance $lock measures soil !ater tension"• #hen the soil is dry it is not possi$le for
electricity to pass $et!een the pro$es5 thus
making the pro$e an insulator"• s !ater is added to the soil more electrons canpass $et!een the pro$es thus reducing theresistance $et!een the pro$es !hen it is fullysaturated"
• By using this range of values you can determinethe amount of !ater than e+ists in your soil"
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Sensor )ali$ration %he cali$ration of all sensors !as done at room temperature(26 degrees )elsius*" %he po!er supply to the sensors !as,"78 volts"
R9,7 :; V RI B%IOM=%=R*)9227?F
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Solenoid Valve@ Input
sideB@Diaphragm)@ Pressure
cham$erD@ Pressurereliefconduit=@ SolenoidF@ Outputside
A solenoid valve is an electromechanical valve for usewith liquid or gas. The valve is controlled byan electric current through a solenoid.
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Relays
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Relays ()ont"d*
• relay is an electrical s!itch that opens andcloses under the control of another electricalcircuit"
• relay is a$le to control an output circuit ofhigher po!er than the input circuit"
• By default !hen there is no e+citation in the coilthe >) and ) are connected through the contact
internally"• #hen the coil is e+cited $y providing the
reAuired coil voltage5 the contact s!itches fromthe >) to >O side"
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Result• %he Microcontroller $ased irrigation system
proves to $e a real time feed$ack controlsystem !hich monitors and controls all the
activities of drip irrigation system e ciently"• %he present proposal is a model to
moderni.e the agriculture industries on asmall scale !ith optimum e+penditure"
• Csing this system5 one can save manpo!er5!ater to improve production and ultimatelypro-t"
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Future Scope•
dvanced soil moisture level sensor• %emperature5 humidity and pressure
compensations• Di/erent !ater reAuirements for di/erent types
of soil• Di/erent !ater reAuirements for di/erent crops
and seasons• Determine the need for fertili.ers $ased on crops
and soil• Facility to add minerals and fertili.ers to the soil
as reAuired
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pplications• %he primary applications for this pro'ect are forfarmers and gardeners !ho do not have enoughtime to !ater their crops plants"
• It also covers those farmers !ho are !asteful of!ater during irrigation"
• %he pro'ect can $e e+tended to greenhouses!here manual supervision is far and fe! in$et!een"
• %he principle can $e e+tended to create fullyautomated gardens and farmlands"
• In agricultural lands !ith severe shortage ofrainfall5 this model can $e successfully applied toachieve great results !ith most types of soil"
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Thank You