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ArtsSomething that is created with imagination and skill and that is beautiful or that expresses important idea or feeling.

Prehistoric art

There was three ages of Stone Age

Paleolithic Period

Mesolithic

Neolithic

Paleolithic (2 million years ago-13,000 BC.)

The Paleolithic era is followed by the Mesolithic. The date of the Paleolithic–Mesolithic boundary may vary by locality as much as several thousand years. During the Paleolithic period, humans grouped together in small societies such asbands, and subsisted by gathering plants and fishing, hunting or scavenging wild animals.] The Paleolithic is characterized by the use of knapped stone tools, although at the time humans also used wood and bone tools. Other organic commodities were adapted for use as tools, including leather and vegetable fibers; however, due to their nature, these have not been preserved to any great degree. Surviving artifacts of the Paleolithic era are known as paleoliths.

Prehistoric or Stone Age art is first known period of prehistoric human culture, during which work was done with stone tools The Paleolithic period, or Old Stone Age, was the longest phase of human history. Its most outstanding feature was the development of the human species-- Homo sapiens. Paleolithic peoples were generally nomadic hunters and gatherers who sheltered in caves, used fire, and stone tools.Rock craving and painting reached at their peak in this peroid.

Prehistoric

Paleolithic or "Old Stone Age" is a term used to define the oldest period in the human history. Paleolithic means old stone age derived from the Greek word paleos=old and lithos=stone.

Images.

Most of the images were drawn during the first period some human footprints belonging to a child may date back to the second period.There was a Head of women called siberia that was craved in a mammoth ivory that was 3 inches long.

Paleolithic caves.

There was decorative with picture and human forms. Cave and wall paintings appeared at Lascaux and in the caves of the Vézère Valley. Outlines of animals and people were brought to life using pigments on

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the uneven surface of the rock walls of Caves. there was beautiful rock painting but unfortunately that was replaced by the new stone age.

Painting.

Mostly they make paintings of different animals and women’s by using plants and minerals, lemonate, charcoal and fire and also burnt bones on the wall of caves.They usally paint on the wall and also on the celling of the caves.

Sculpture.

The Venus sculpture was most famous sculpture of Paleolithic period. Most of the sculpture is of women’s and animals. The head are often relatively is small size and most are missing hand and feats. There sculpture did not represent their culture. The size of figures arrange from 1.5 inches to 9.8 inches in height.

Settlements

They were nomadic people. They no permanent settlement to live. They lived in temporary shelters like tents or caves.They live in small number usally 60 people in a group.They dont live in large group.So that was very easy to migrate from one place to another.

Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) 10,000 years ago

Cultures included gradual domestication of plants and animals, formation of settled communities, use of the bow, and development of delicate stone and pottery. Bones of domesticated dogs also appear in archaeological deposits for the first time.

Neolithic Period (C.8000-5000 BCE)

Neolithic is derived from Greek words Neo and litho meaning “New” and “stone”.

Neolithic" refers to the "new stone age," generally reflecting the use of stone tools with some use of metals and with people settling into permanent communities, the development of agriculture, and animal husbandry

Characteristics of Neolithic art

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There were more images of humans than animals, and the humans looked more, well, human. It began to be used for ornamentation. In the cases of architecture and megalithic constructions, art was now created in fixed locations. This was significant. Where temples, were built, gods and goddesses were provided with known destinations.

Neolithic Sculptures

Statuary (primarily statuettes), made a big comeback after having been largely absent during the Mesolithic age. Its Neolithic theme was primarily on the female or "Mother Goddess" imagery (quite in keeping with agriculture, this). There were still animal statuettes, however that was not much important than the goddesses were.

Neolithic Painting

After a absent of painting in Mesolithic Neolithic came with a beautiful art of Painting. In Neolithic the whole wall was painted with the scenes of Group of people hunting, farming or dancing.In their painting they represent wildlife sence.They also make painting of humans and that was well human.

Neolithic pottery and Vase.

As for pottery, it began replacing by simple stone and wood pottery and became more highly decorated.Neolithic vase from Paradimi. Clay, one-handled jug with round body and tall neck.There was spherical vase in Late Neolithic that was combination of spirals, curved lines,decorating with the characteristic of Late Neolithic pottery.

Neolithic Architecture

Architecture was also developed. In this age first planned urban develop city was made in the world dating back to 7,000 B.C. and covering an area of 32 acres. Each house shared common walls with its neighbors and its entrance was on the roof. The walls, made out of mud-brick and presenting a solid, windowless aspect .Inside, the house walls were covered with paintings that depicted rich scenes of nature and wildlife. Painted relief sculptures, especially in the form of the Mother Goddess, were popular. Her popularity pointed to a possibly matriarchal society

Villages

The neolithic village of Skara Brae lies on the shore of the Bay of Skaill.Stunningly preserved structures containing stone furniture (dressers, beds, cupboards) dating back to 3200BC can be seen here.There villages was also very developed.

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Difference between Paleolithic and Neolithic

Paleolithic NeolithicAges Old stone age New stone age

It began about two million years ago

5000-1500 BC.

Tools Chipped stone, wooden weapons, light stone tools.

Polished stone tools, tools of made metal.

Arts Cave painting Walls painting

Sculpture Sculptures are very realistic, Mostly of women’s & animal.

Sculpture of god & goddess.

Lifestyle These people lived in temporary shelters like tents or caves. They do not have permanent house

They lived in permanent settlement They raised/herded animals; agriculture was discovered and became a major source of food; separate families evolved.

Main discovery They have learned to lit fire by hitting two fire stones & rubbing Agriculture and tools with

polished stones ,vase etc.

REALISMDefinition

It is derived from the Greek word RES which means REAL and further is related objects. Realism means a belief or a theory which looks upon the world as seems to us.

History: It began in late 18th century. Realism was an artiest movement that is started from the France in 1850.

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They inspired by the positive view of nature and other human aspects. they faith all knowledge derived from science and they people belief that these methods solves many human problem.

they belief only those things that exist in the world.

What is realism?

Realism is the concept that belief on the truth. That belief only the things that are real and exist in the universe.Realism is strickly against the romanticism because it focus on human emotion and imagination but realism does not give importance of these things.Realism somewhere give importance on impressionism Characteristics

“In their painting they give focus on accurate description of objects.Mostly they represent the contemporary life instead of imaginations.Ordinary people and everyday activities became subject of art.They represent ignored aspects of society.

Medium use of painters

Realistic artist was mostly used oil on canvas.They also used water colors and egg tempera

Famous Painters

• Gustave Coubret.

• Honoredaumier.

• jean-francois Miillet.

• Ilya repin. Gleaners”(JeanFrançoisMillet) it seems that they picking wheat possibly slaves something is going on background the texture are well done as well as shading.

Sculpture.

In their sculpture they use the ordinary people they also use the queen and kings. But in this period they do not have the to much artistic freedom in sculpture.

Architecture.

In the period of realism they use iron steel and concrete for making their building but this style of architecture is developing in 19th century.The Eiffel tower is the example of realism architecture.

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Criticism.

It ignore the beauty & focus on real object.Only stress on physical world and ignore other factors.It do not give importance to ideal & Values. It does not believe in imagination & sentiments.It accept only real need & Feeling only