Recap – Dawn of a New EraRecap – Dawn of a New Era France’s revolutionary army defeated France’s revolutionary army defeated

Austrians & Prussians at ValmyAustrians & Prussians at Valmy National Convention ended monarchy & National Convention ended monarchy &

adopted more democratic reformsadopted more democratic reforms Political groups formed – Political groups formed –

Jacobins (radicals) / Girondists (moderates) Jacobins (radicals) / Girondists (moderates) & Plain (undecided but later supported & Plain (undecided but later supported Jacobins & together they = The Mountain)Jacobins & together they = The Mountain)

Questions to Consider:Questions to Consider:

Did Louis XVI have to die? Did Louis XVI have to die? Why or why not?Why or why not?

Why was there so much continued Why was there so much continued political turmoil within the political turmoil within the National Convention?National Convention?

Recap – Dawn of a New EraRecap – Dawn of a New Era

Military problems led to Committee on Military problems led to Committee on Public Safety (to direct war effort) & Public Safety (to direct war effort) & conscription (to provide soldiers)conscription (to provide soldiers)

France experienced internal turmoil (from France experienced internal turmoil (from anti-revolutionaries) (Jacobins & Girondists anti-revolutionaries) (Jacobins & Girondists fought in National Convention)fought in National Convention)

Recap – Dawn of a New EraRecap – Dawn of a New Era Reign of Terror = 1 year of Jacobin-led Reign of Terror = 1 year of Jacobin-led

violenceviolence

Main leader = RobespierreMain leader = Robespierre He eventually went too far & was killedHe eventually went too far & was killed

The caption of this 1794 print about the

Reign of Terror read: “Cest affreux mais necessaire.” which

means, “It is dreadful but necessary.”

Recap – Dawn of a New EraRecap – Dawn of a New Era National Convention wrote new constitution National Convention wrote new constitution

(its 2(its 2ndnd, but the 3, but the 3rdrd overall) & created the overall) & created the DirectoryDirectory

Directory’s problems led to Napoleon’s riseDirectory’s problems led to Napoleon’s rise

NapoleonNapoleon Was he the fulfillment of the Revolution, or Was he the fulfillment of the Revolution, or

the antithesis of the Revolution?the antithesis of the Revolution? Created a massive empire – map pageCreated a massive empire – map page Important defeats = Russia, Leipzig, then Important defeats = Russia, Leipzig, then

later, after his return, Waterloolater, after his return, Waterloo