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Ttre N atl onal l nsti tul e oI N eurol ogi cal D l seas es and B [i ndnes s , i n an el fort to rel nforce and extend meal s of dl sseml natl ng { i ndi ngs atrd c onc epLsl n tl re basl c neurol ogi cal scl ences, recentl y provl ded the means for the es tabl l s hment of a D ral n Inl ormatl on servi ce at ttre uni versl ty of c al l forni a, I-os A ngel es , under contract D l l E w P IJ-43-66-59. It l s cMrged w l th the tas k of enc ouragi ng the preparatl on of authorl tati ve summarl es of the s tate of l now l edge l n v ari ous aspects of the basl c neurol og-i cal scl ences. One method of aftal nl ng thl s end l s to brl ng together a gToup of l eacl i ng l nvesti gators l n a s pec l l i c res earc tr Il el d i n i he hope that out of thetr dl scussl ons some tJ egree of agreement may emerge' w hl ch car then be made know n to the scl endfl c publ i c . The pres ent Manual orl gl nated l n such a meetl ng, ti re pl aml ng and c onduc t of w hi c h w e ow e prl ncl pal l y to D rs, R echLschaffen and K al es. W e w i s h to ac l c row l edgeaLs o the assi stance of carol Frumkes and Jul i ette v anc e l n the arrangement ot l he conference and i n the preparatl on of thi s manu s eri pt. V i c tor E . l l al l P rofes s or of P hl s i ol ogY nnd P ri nc i pal , B rai n l nformal i on S erv i c e

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R eci tschdffen, A . and K al es , A . (E ds . ) , A l,lanual of Standardized TerninoloET, Techni qttes and S ccri ng S y s ter for S l eep B Is /B ru, S tages of H umanS i bj ec ts . U C LA , Los A ngel es, ] 968.

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F o r c*' o r d ' f h e I n a u g u r a l [ l e etln g o I th e sso cla tlo n fo r th e Psychophysl ol ogl cal S t udy o f S l e e p ( A P S S ) wa s co n ve n e d ln 1 9 6 0 [o r th e p u r l>osc oI adopl i ng a eLand a r de c o r l n g s y r t c m lo r sta g e s o f sle e p . ' fh e o p p o r tunl ty to dl scuss ex per l r n e n L a l r e s u l t e d lve r te d th e se ch a r te r In e tn b e r g fr om thel r orl gi nal purpo s e a n d , l n s t e a d , th e y d e cid e d to m e e t a n n u a lly th e reafl er to communl c at e th e l r l a t e s t r e s e a r ch fln d ln g s.. T ' i r e n e e d f o r a o t an d a r d a co lln g syBL e m r va s r e e n tp ltasl zed by l vtonroe'8 at udy ( 1 9 6 ? ) w l r l c h r e ve r le d e cr lo u s u n r e lla b illty ln th e scorl ng oI cer-tal n aleep e t a g e s . C o n c e r n o ve r lh lo u n r e lla b lllty lcd lo lh c l rtcl usl on of a specl al s es glo n o n e c o r l n g a t t h e Se vcn th r \n n u a l lle e tln g o { APSS hekl tl ut year. S ubs e q u e n t l y , a n a d h o c co m m lttce o f ln ve stlg a to r s wa s Iormed urtder the aus pl c e a o t t h e U C L B r a ltr ln fo r m a tlo n Se r vlce to d e ve lop a terrni nol ogy and s c orln g B y B t e m t h a t m l g h t b e u se d u n lve r sa lly b y sle e p r c searcl ters, 'fhe Com m l t t e e m e m b e r s m e t o n e e ve r a l e e p a r a te o cca slo n s and corresponded ex t ene l v e l y l n t h e I n t e r ve n ln g p e r lo d s. ' I' h e Co m m ltto e was composed of the f ollow t n g m e m b e r s , a ll o ( wh o r n h a d co n sld e r a b le e xp e r lence i rt scorl ng sl eep re c o rd e : ll a l p h J . I l e r g e r , Ph .D., De p a r tm e n t o f Psych o lo g y , C row n C ol l egc, U n l v e r o l l y o f Ca lifo r n la , Sa n ta Cr u z, Ca lllo r n la. W t l l l a m C . D e m e n t, lvI.D., De p a r tm e n t o f Psych la try, S tanford U n l v e r o l t y S ch o o l o f lvle d lcln e , Pa lo Alto , Ca lllornl a' A l l a n J a c o b a o n , M.D,, De p a r tm e n t o I An a lo m y, Un Ivcrsl ty oI C a l l f o r n l a S c h o o l o I lvte d lcln e , l,o s An g e le s, Cal l fornl a. l,a v e r n e C . J o h n e o n , Ph . D., Na vy l\{ e d lca l Ne u r o p sychl atrl c l l e s e a r c h U n l t, U.S. Na va l Ilo sp lL a l, Sa r Dle g o, C al l [ornl a. M t c h e l J o u v e t , M . D. , l,a b o r a to lr e d e Nl6 d e cln e Experl mcnl al e, F a c u l t 6 d e l t d e cln e , L yo n , F r a n ce . A n t h o n y K a l e s , M ,D., De p &r tm e n t o f Psyclila tr y, Ul rl vere tty o{ C a l l l o r n l a S c ho o l o f lvle d lcln e , L o e tr g e le s, CaLl fornl a. l ,arvrence J. i \'[onroe, P h. D , , D ep artment of P ay c hol ogy , U nl v ers l ty oI Il l l nol s C otl ege of ]\{edi cl ne , C tri c ago, l l l i nol e. Ian Osw al d, i ![. D ., D epnrIment of P s y c ]rl atry , U nl v ers l l y of E di nburgh, E di nburgh, S cotl i :Lnd. A Il an l l echtschaIIen, P h.D ., D epartnrenLs of P s y c hl atry and P sychol ogy, U ni versl ty ot C i l c ago, C hl c ago, Il U nol s . Il orvarrl P . R oIfrvarg, l vl . D ., A l bert trl ns tel n I\l c dl c al C entc r, Ivl ontcfl ore l {ospttal , The IJro nx , N ew Y ork . Ikdrl ch R oth, M. D . , D epartment oI N eurol ogy , C harl es U nl v c rs tty Irl edl cal Facul ty, P rague, C zec hos l ov al da. R l charcl D . w al ter, l vl . D , , D l vtsl o rr of N eurol ogy , D epartmc nt of fr{edi ci ne, U nl versi ty of C l Ll fo rnl a S c hool of l \[edtc l ne, Los A ngel es, C al l [orni a.

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Thl s proposal w as prcpared by thc C ornml ttee w l Lh the c x pec taLl on that the standardi zati on of recordi ng techn l quee and ec orl ng c rl terl a w oul d be w l del y used and w oul cl markedl y l ncreas e the c omparabl l l ty of reeul tl A n ev al uati orr of how muc h euc h reported by di fferent l nvcsti gal ors. sl andardl zatl on contri butes to rel i abtl i ty o{ s c ori ng w i l l hav e to aw al t the devel opment ol experl ence w l th l he sys tc m ard empl rl c al teetl ng. A l l an R ec hts c hal fen and A nthony K al es , C o-C l L1{ rmen

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unl que featurcs of l hc phcnornena. For ex ampl e, l t l s rv ei l } qtotv ntl nt human l nfanl s show combl natl ons of pol yn^ .phi c Ieatures w hl c h dc fy c l as s i fl c atl on by the cri teri a proposed here. A strl ct adhc renc e to the propos ed s y s tem w oul d not yi el d an adequate descri pti on of i nj ant s l eep. T O P n O V I D E CONT T NttIl' Y r vlth ln lh e vcr y e xtensl vc researcl t on sl eep st a g c s r v h l c h h . e sbe cn p u b llsh e d ir r th e la st d e ca d t:, l t \vas the gul di ng prl ncl pl e o ( t h e C o r n m l R c e to r e ta in , a s m u ch a s p o sslb lc, the termi nol ogy and crl terti r w h l c h l r a v e h a d ( h e g r e a te sl u sc. In d e e d , lt [s te stlmony to thc accuracy and Ju d g r n c n t o f D e r n e n t a n d l( le itr n a n ( 1 9 5 ? ) r tb a t tlr e ll dcscrl ptl on of sl eep skrges h a s p t o v c n u s e f u l ln a d e ca d c o f vo lu m ln o u s r e se lr clt by hurdrcds of l nvestl g a t o r w l t l l o u t r e q u lr ln g m a lo r m o d lflcxtio n . In g e neral , the prescnt proposal r e p r e s e n t s a r e a f flr r n a tlo n o f th e lr o r lg ln a l cr lte r ia f