recognizing culture & diversity in occupational therapy practice 2011
TRANSCRIPT
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Recognizing Culture & Diversity in Occupational
Therapy Practice
Becky Jenkins, MS, OTR/L
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It is the mark of the cultured man that he is aware of the fact that equality is an ethical and not a biological principle”
--------Ashley Montagu
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What is culture to you?Do you think about it?Do others think about it?
“The nature of human nature is a culturally constructed entity, invisible to us, because we are immersed in it.” ---Unknown
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Culture by Definition• Learned, shared experiences that
provide the individual and the group with effective mechanisms for interacting with others and the environment
• Examples?– Values– Attitudes– Morals– Customs– Traditions– Language– Food– Religion– Socioeconomic status– Sexual orientation
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Let’s Look at Culture Terms
• Belief– something held to be true or
actual
• Values– regarded as desirable, worthy,
right, ideal
• Morals– conduct or character from the
point of view of right and wrong
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Where Do Our Beliefs Come From?
Communities
Economics
History
Politics
Religion
Friends
Mass Media
Families
Cultural
Beliefs
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Changing Cultures
Interaction with Other People
Societal ValuesRevision of Culture
Culture
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Words We Use When
Discussing Culture
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Race
• One of the major subdivisions of man
• Regarded as having a common origin and exhibiting a relatively constant set of physical traits
• Is not the same as culture, historical experience, or privilege
• Race can shape culture• Great variation within and
between races
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Ethnicity
“An ethnic group is a human population whose members identify with each other, usually on the basis of a presumed common genealogy or ancestry. Ethnic groups are also usually united by common cultural, behavioural, linguistic, or religious practices. In this sense, an ethnic group is also a cultural community” ----Wikipedia, November 27, 2006
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• Myths– unfounded or poorly founded
beliefs that are given uncritical acceptance by members of a group
• Stereotypes– mental pictures based on myths
that lead people to associate a characteristic with particular groups of people
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• Generalization– to apply a concept broadly; avoids
details and specifics
• Are generalizations always negative?
• Are they all accurate?
• Xenophobia– unreasonable fear or hatred of
those different from ourselves
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Are these things learned or inherent in our nature?
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The Role of the OTA--Ethics
• OT Code of Ethics– We are responsible for providing
services without regard to race, creed, national origin, sex, age, handicap, disease entity, social status, or religious affiliation.
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How Does Culture Affect our Clients?
• Self esteem/self-worth• Access to medical care, job
choices, leisure and activity resources
• Rights and opportunities/privileges• Interactions with others• Resources • Health• Discrimination• Personal view of potential
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The Role of the OTA
• Be self aware • Look beyond knowledge base• Collaborate with goal setting• Individualize treatment• Base assessments on the
patient’s culture, not yours• Provide access to all services• Improve equity, fairness, and
appropriateness of treatment
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• Listen to client’s view of life• Understand the social
restraints• Understand politics of
healthcare• Understand the
reimbursement system• Expose yourself to different
cultures