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CHAPTER 14 RECONSTRUCTION

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CHAPTER 14 I. Economic Problems
Sharecropper – person who owns nothing. Works for a share of the crops.
Tenant Farmer – the same as a sharecropper but owns their own tools and/or seeds.
I. Economic problems
One goal of the war was to get the south away from a dependency on Cotton, but they just went back to it.
Land prices dropped. CARPETBAGGERS from the North came and bought up all the land.
I. Economic Problems
Thousands of people moved to Atlanta looking for jobs, making it the biggest and most important city.
Atlanta becomes the capital in 1868 because of its superior transportation (railroad) network.
II. SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTION
II. Social Reconstruction
Freedman – a term referring to a newly freed slave.
The Republican Party established the Freedmen’s Bureau to help newly freed slaves.
They established several African American colleges including Atlanta University, Morehouse College, and Clark College
II. Social Reconstruction
Several churches became divided on the issue of slavery and social injustices so several new churches were created.
III. Political Reconstruction
III. Political Reconstruction
Lincoln’s Plan
Congress’s Plan
Wanted to go easy on the South.
10 Percent Plan – if 10% swear an oath to the Union, the state can rejoin.
Confederate leaders could be pardoned (forgiven).
Write a new constitution
50% swear an oath of allegiance.
Write a new constitution.
Ratify the 13th AMENDMENT.
Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.
Andrew Johnson (a Democrat) becomes president. He was sympathetic to the South.
Radical Republicans IMPEACH Andrew Johnson and take over Reconstruction.
III. Political Reconstruction
All Southern states ratify the 13th Amendment. Ends slavery.
Southern states create black codes, which are laws that discriminate against freedmen
III. Political Reconstruction
Blacks arrested for loitering.
III. Political Reconstruction
Phase II
Southern states placed back under military rule until they ratify the 14th AMENDMENT- prevents laws from discriminated based on race.
The South was divided into 5 military districts.
Georgia was in a military district with Alabama and Florida.
A Republican governor was put in charge of Georgia.
III. Political Reconstruction
SCALAWAGS (traitors) were people who were from the South but voted for Republicans.
Scalawags and carpetbaggers work together to approve the 14th amendment in Georgia.
Georgia is removed from military rule.
III. Political Reconstruction
Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was created in the south to terrorize both freedmen and scalawags.
They did not want freedmen to practice their new rights.
Supported the Democratic Party.
Republicans in the North created the “Force Act” designed to stop the KKK but it didn’t work.
Performed LYNCHINGS.
Phase III
Southern states were placed under military rule for the 3rd time until they ratified the 15th AMENDMENT – gave African Americans the right to vote.
Georgia ratified the 15th amendment and was removed from military rule.
Southern states imposed poll taxes and literacy tests.
IV. End of Reconstruction
IV. End of Reconstruction
Democrat – Samuel Tilden
The election was close and they were unsure who really won.