ReconstructionReconstruction

What was the period when the What was the period when the federal government tried to federal government tried to

rebuild the South and restore rebuild the South and restore the Union after the Civil War?the Union after the Civil War?

•ReconstructionReconstruction

Did Reconstruction lead to Did Reconstruction lead to the political, economic, and the political, economic, and social control of the South social control of the South

by whites?by whites?

•YES!YES!

Were the economic and Were the economic and political gains made by former political gains made by former slaves during Reconstruction slaves during Reconstruction

permanentpermanent or or temporarytemporary??

•TemporaryTemporary

What was Lincoln’s What was Lincoln’s view of view of

Reconstruction?Reconstruction?

• Secession was illegal and the Secession was illegal and the Southern states had never Southern states had never really left the Unionreally left the Union

• Federal government should Federal government should quickly restore Southern states quickly restore Southern states that were loyal to the Unionthat were loyal to the Union

• Federal government should not Federal government should not punish the Southpunish the South

Did Lincoln want to Did Lincoln want to punish the South after punish the South after

the war was over?the war was over?

•No.No.

Who did Lincoln believe Who did Lincoln believe should be in charge of should be in charge of

Reconstruction, the Reconstruction, the President or Congress?President or Congress?

•The PresidentThe President

Who said, “With malice Who said, “With malice towards none, with towards none, with

charity for all…let us charity for all…let us bind up the nation’s bind up the nation’s

wounds…”?wounds…”?

•Abraham LincolnAbraham Lincoln

Who succeeded Who succeeded Lincoln as Lincoln as president?president?

•Andrew JohnsonAndrew Johnson

Who did Johnson believe Who did Johnson believe should be in charge of should be in charge of

Reconstruction, the Reconstruction, the President or Congress?President or Congress?

•The PresidentThe President

What group of What group of Republicans gained Republicans gained

control of control of Reconstruction after Reconstruction after

Lincoln’s death?Lincoln’s death?

•Radical RepublicansRadical Republicans

Who were the Radical Who were the Radical Republicans?Republicans?

•Republicans who Republicans who wanted to punish the wanted to punish the former Confederate former Confederate states for causing the states for causing the Civil WarCivil War

Who did the Radical Who did the Radical Republicans believe should Republicans believe should

be in charge of be in charge of Reconstruction, the Reconstruction, the

President or Congress?President or Congress?

•CongressCongress

What two demands did What two demands did the Radical the Radical

Republicans make Republicans make during during

Reconstruction?Reconstruction?

• Refused to allow the Refused to allow the Confederate states to reenter Confederate states to reenter the Union until they had the Union until they had undergone undergone militarymilitary occupationoccupation

• Wanted to guarantee voting Wanted to guarantee voting rights and civil rights to rights and civil rights to African-AmericansAfrican-Americans

What two ideas did the What two ideas did the term military occupation term military occupation

mean during mean during Reconstruction?Reconstruction?

• Southern states were Southern states were under the rule of a general under the rule of a general in the U.S. Armyin the U.S. Army

• Troops were stationed in Troops were stationed in the South to keep orderthe South to keep order

Who were the Who were the freedmen?freedmen?

•Freed slavesFreed slaves

On what issue did On what issue did President Andrew Johnson President Andrew Johnson

and the Radical and the Radical Republicans clash?Republicans clash?

•Civil rights for the Civil rights for the freedmenfreedmen

What action did the Radical What action did the Radical Republicans take against Republicans take against

President Johnson?President Johnson?

• Impeached JohnsonImpeached Johnson

Define Define impeachment.impeachment.

•Bringing an official to Bringing an official to trial for misconduct in trial for misconduct in officeoffice

Under the Constitution, Under the Constitution, does impeachment does impeachment

necessarily mean an necessarily mean an official is removed from official is removed from

office?office?

•No.No.

Which house of Which house of Congress can impeach Congress can impeach

the president?the president?

•House of House of RepresentativesRepresentatives

Which house of Which house of Congress can remove a Congress can remove a president from office?president from office?

•The SenateThe Senate

Did the Radical Did the Radical Republicans remove Republicans remove

Andrew Johnson from the Andrew Johnson from the presidency?presidency?

•No.No.

What are the three What are the three “Civil War” “Civil War”

Amendments?Amendments?

• 1313thth

• 1414thth

• 1515thth

Identify the 13Identify the 13thth Amendment.Amendment.

•Abolished (ended) Abolished (ended) slaveryslavery

Identify the 14Identify the 14thth Amendment.Amendment.

• Gave citizenship to Gave citizenship to African-AmericansAfrican-Americans

• Guaranteed “equal Guaranteed “equal protection of the laws”protection of the laws”

Identify the 15th Identify the 15th Amendment.Amendment.

•Gave African-American Gave African-American males the right to votemales the right to vote

What are the key words to What are the key words to remember the three remember the three

Reconstruction Reconstruction Amendments?Amendments?

• 13th = Freedom13th = Freedom

• 14th14th = Citizenship= Citizenship

• 15th = Vote15th = Vote

During the Civil War, what During the Civil War, what were destroyed throughout were destroyed throughout

the South?the South?

• FarmsFarms

• RailroadsRailroads

• FactoriesFactories

What two major Southern What two major Southern cities lay in ruins at the end of cities lay in ruins at the end of

the Civil War?the Civil War?

•RichmondRichmond

•AtlantaAtlanta

How did the Civil War How did the Civil War affect the South?affect the South?

•South was the poorest South was the poorest section of the nation.section of the nation.

How did the Civil War How did the Civil War affect the North and affect the North and

Midwest?Midwest?

•North and Midwest had North and Midwest had strong industrial strong industrial economies.economies.

What transportation What transportation improvement occurred improvement occurred

in 1869?in 1869?

• First Transcontinental First Transcontinental RailroadRailroad

What did Ulysses S. What did Ulysses S. Grant do after the Civil Grant do after the Civil

War?War?

• Served as president during Served as president during most of Reconstructionmost of Reconstruction

• Did not want Radical Did not want Radical Republicans to be harsh with Republicans to be harsh with former Confederatesformer Confederates

• Supported rights for the Supported rights for the freedmenfreedmen

• Against retribution (payback) Against retribution (payback) toward the defeated Southtoward the defeated South

What did Robert E. Lee What did Robert E. Lee do after the Civil War?do after the Civil War?

• Urged Southerners to reconcile Urged Southerners to reconcile (accept defeat) and rejoin the (accept defeat) and rejoin the United StatesUnited States

• Served as president of Served as president of Washington College (now Washington College (now Washington & Lee)Washington & Lee)

• Said education was important Said education was important to the nation’s futureto the nation’s future

What did Frederick What did Frederick Douglass do after the Douglass do after the

Civil War?Civil War?

• Leading spokesman for African-Leading spokesman for African-Americans in the nationAmericans in the nation

• Supported full equality for African-Supported full equality for African-AmericansAmericans

• Called for the 14Called for the 14thth and 15 and 15thth Amendments Amendments

• Wanted the federal government to Wanted the federal government to protect the rights of the freedmen in the protect the rights of the freedmen in the South South

• Served as American ambassador to Served as American ambassador to Haiti and held civil service (federal Haiti and held civil service (federal government) jobsgovernment) jobs

What does one call the What does one call the group of people who cast group of people who cast

the official votes for the official votes for president and vice president and vice

president?president?

•The Electoral The Electoral CollegeCollege

How many electoral How many electoral votes does each votes does each

state have?state have?

• 2 for senators + # of 2 for senators + # of representatives in representatives in HouseHouse

Identify the Identify the Compromise of Compromise of

1877.1877.

• A political deal between A political deal between Southern Democrats and Southern Democrats and northern Republicansnorthern Republicans

• Democrats supported Democrats supported Rutherford Hayes’ election as Rutherford Hayes’ election as President and Republicans President and Republicans ended the military occupation ended the military occupation of the Southof the South

What were two What were two results of the results of the

Compromise of Compromise of 1877?1877?

• Former Confederates, Former Confederates, who controlled the who controlled the Democratic party, Democratic party, regained power in the regained power in the SouthSouth

• the “Jim Crow Era” soon the “Jim Crow Era” soon beganbegan

What was the “Jim What was the “Jim Crow Era”?Crow Era”?

• The period (late 1800s to The period (late 1800s to mid-1960s) when the mid-1960s) when the Southern states required Southern states required racialracial segregationsegregation in public in public schools, transportation and schools, transportation and other public facilities.other public facilities.

For what is “Jim For what is “Jim Crow” a synonym?Crow” a synonym?

•Racial SegregationRacial Segregation

What political rights did What political rights did African-Americans lose African-Americans lose

during the “Jim Crow Era”?during the “Jim Crow Era”?

• The right to voteThe right to vote

• The right to serve on The right to serve on juriesjuries

Define racial Define racial segregation.segregation.

•Separation of the Separation of the racesraces

• In the South, In the South, separation of blacks separation of blacks and whitesand whites