Please pick up:Red American Lit text from the cdupboard to the left of the front board.

Pick up both a red Websters and a Yellow Longman’s dictionary.

Level 2 Vocabulary

ProjectAKA The Blue CardsPPT by Bett Huffaker

Based on a project by Dennis DePauw

Vocabulary DevelopmentReal memorization requires that you

interact with a word at least 8 times.

Getting a list on Monday and forgetting the words after the test on Friday is a waste.

You will have a growing list that you choose yourself and you will practice them daily – so carry them with you daily!

Class Two Vocabulary ProjectClass One (NOT THESE)

Know it when you see it.May not know the exact definition but you can use it correctly.Words you didn’t recognize at first but when you read the

definition you think, Duh! Of course! I knew that!Class Three (NOT THESE)

Weird words from obscure subjects – science, medicine, mathNames or random people, animals, fish, currency…Specialized words that are only used in very limited

circumstance, that you won’t use again.Literary vocabulary – I’ll test you on those separately

Class Two WordsNew words encountered in your readingOld words used in new ways with different

meanings.NOT random words from the dictionary.Danger:

You don’t know the word, so how will you know how to use it correctly in a sentence?

If the definition isn’t clear it can lead to some embarrassing errors.

For example, a student chose cudgelPoor dictionary definition: a club which could be…

A sandwichA dance hallA golf clubA group of friends with a

common interestA stickShe picked the one most

familiar and put on her card:Sandra and I went dancing at

the cudgel.If she had used

thefreedictionary.com the definition would have been:

a short thick stick used as a weapon

Where do I get the words?Begin with something you read. Notice words you do not know.Write down the sentence on the lined side of a blue

3X5 card. Now, let’s do a few samples…

Look at the handout from The General History of Virginia

Do not capitalize the word unless it requires a capital every time it is used!

Ss Cc Mm PpSize and relative position

matters!!!

Pat is not the same as pat.

Change the accent and the pronunciation and you change meaning.

The bandage was wound around the wound. [v. wownd, n. woond]

The farm was used to produce produce. [v. prə ‘dyus n. ‘prɒ dűs ]

The dump was so full that it had to refuse more refuse. [v. rə ‘fyűz n. ‘rĕ fyűs]

Change the accent and the pronunciation and you change meaning.

When shot at, the dove dove into the bushes. [n. dəv v. dōv]

I did not object to the object. [Əb ‘jĕkt ‘ŏb jĕkt]

The insurance was invalid for the invalid. [ĭn ‘vă lĭd ‘ĭn və lĭd]

There was a row among the oarsmen about how to row. [raʊ roʊ]

Consummate –ate pattern  tr.v. [‘kɒn sə ‘meɪt]

con·sum·mat·ed, con·sum·mat·ing, con·sum·mates To bring to completion or fruition To complete (a marriage) with the first act of sexual intercourse

after the ceremony.adj. [‘kɒn sə ,mɪt]

Complete or perfect in every respect: consummate happiness. Supremely accomplished or skilled: "Sargent was now a

consummate master of brushwork" (Roberta Smith). Complete; utter: a consummate bore.

Change the accent, change part of speech, pronunciation AND meaning.

advocatevb [‘æd və ‘keɪt](tr; may take a clause as object)

to support or recommend publicly; plead for or speak in favour of

n [‘æd və ,kɪt] 1. a person who upholds or defends a cause;

supporter2. a person who intercedes on behalf of another

Change the accent, change part of speech, pronunciation AND meaning.

Prefixes and suffixes

The purpose of prefixes and suffixes is to add to and potentially change meaning.

They can also change rhythm.

assign[ə ‘saɪn]vb (mainly tr)

1. to select for and appoint to a post, etc. to assign an expert to the job2. to give out or allot (a task, problem, etc.) to assign advertising to an expert3. to set apart (a place, person, time, etc.) for a particular function or event to assign a day for the meeting4. to attribute to a specified cause, origin, or source; ascribe to assign a stone cross to the Vikings5. (Law) to transfer (one's right, interest, or title to property) to someone else6. (Law) (also intr) Law (formerly) to transfer (property) to trustees so that it may be used for the benefit of creditors7. (Military) Military to allocate (men or materials) on a permanent basis Compare attach [6]8. (Electronics & Computer Science / Computer Science) Computing to place (a value corresponding to a variable) in a memory locationn(Law) Law a person to whom property is assigned; assignee

assignation

[‘æ sɪg ‘neɪ ʃən] n 1. a secret or forbidden arrangement to meet, especially one between lovers2. the act of assigning; assignment3. (Law) Law chiefly Scot another word for assignment

Notice the change of ALL vowels and accents.

[ə ‘saɪn]vb[‘æ sɪg ‘neɪ ʃən]

fatigue[fə ‘tig] (i as in pizza)n. physical or mental exhaustion due

to exertion

indefatigable [,ɪn dɪ ‘fæt ɪg ə bəl]

Adj. unable to be tired out; unflagging

heretic/heretical

[‘hɛr ə tɪk] n. A person who holds controversial opinions, especially one who publicly dissents from the officially accepted dogma of the Roman Catholic Church.

[hə ‘rɛt ɪk əl] adj. Characterized by, revealing, or approaching departure from established beliefs or standards.

Major changessign – signaturebenign – benignantvolume – voluminouslong – longevityManipulate - manipulable

Major changesbrother – brethrenredeem – redemptiondivide – divisiondiplomat – diplomacyright - righteous

-ed Three choices

can be:əd if it adds another beat, another syllable

want becomes wanted - əd d or t hold your fingers on your voice box to feel

it there is vibration – yes, it is d, no, it is t (Check the sound before the d or t – voiced sounds lead to voiced endings.) jump becomes jumped - town becomes owned – d

-s Three choices

can be:əz if it adds another beat, another syllable

Rose becomes roses - əz z or s hold your fingers on your voice box to feel

it there is vibration – yes, it is z, no, it is s (Check the sound before the z or t – voiced sounds lead to voiced endings.)

Cost becomes costs – sKid becomes kids – z

What to do1. We will do the first one together but basically, as

we read through the piece, notice any words that are unfamiliar to you. I have circled a few likely ones.

2. Write down the sentence on the unlined side of your 3X5 card. It is okay to simplify the sentence.

3. Underline the word.4. Determine what part of speech it is in the sentence.

(noun, verb, adverb, adjective, conjunction, exclamation…)

Example of a familiar word used differently: “. . . he was not long absent but his men went

ashore, whose want of government gave both occasion and opportunity to the savages to surprise one George Cassen, whom they slew, . . .”

Want usually a verb that means desire for something – “I want a cookie.”

But…this is a noun, subject of gave, and desire for does not fit.

want – Thefreedictionary.comwant  (wŏnt, wônt) v. want·ed, want·ing, wants

v.tr. (these meanings need an object)

1. a. To desire greatly; wish for: They want to leave. She wants a glass of water. See Synonyms at desire.

b. To desire (someone to do something): I want you to clean your room.2. a. To request the presence or assistance of: You are wanted by your office. b. To seek with intent to capture: The fugitive is wanted by the police.3. To have an inclination toward; like: Say what you want, but be tactful.4. Informal To be obliged (to do something): You want to be careful on the ice.5. To be without; lack. See Synonyms at lack.6. To be in need of; require: "'Your hair wants cutting,' said the Hatter" (Lewis

Carroll).

v.intr. (no object of the verb)1. To have need: wants for nothing.2. To be destitute or needy. 3. To be disposed; wish: Call me daily if you want.

Farther down the page….n.1. The condition or quality of lacking something usual

or necessary: She stayed home for want of anything better to do.

2. Pressing need; destitution: lives in want.3. Something desired: a person of few wants and

needs.4. A defect of character; a fault.

So, let’s start a card.“. . . he was not long absent but his men went ashore, whose

want of government gave both occasion and opportunity to the savages to surprise one George Cassen, whom they slew, . . .”

It is too long, so we can change it a little. On the lined side of the card, write:

Smith’s men went ashore where their want of discipline made them vulnerable to the Indian attacks.

Then back to the dictionary for the other elements

Notice that the w, a, and n are the same size. The t is bigger. If this is a problem, use the lined side for your words and make them 2 lines high.

Farther down the page….n.1. The condition or quality of lacking

something usual or necessary: She stayed home for want of anything better to do.

2. Pressing need; destitution: lives in want.3. Something desired: a person of few wants and needs.4. A defect of character; a fault.

want – Thefreedictionary.comwant  (wŏnt, wônt) v. want·ed, want·ing, wants

v.tr. (these meanings need an object)

1. a. To desire greatly; wish for: They want to leave. She wants a glass of water. See Synonyms at desire.

b. To desire (someone to do something): I want you to clean your room.2. a. To request the presence or assistance of: You are wanted by your office. b. To seek with intent to capture: The fugitive is wanted by the police.3. To have an inclination toward; like: Say what you want, but be tactful.4. Informal To be obliged (to do something): You want to be careful on the ice.5. To be without; lack. See Synonyms at lack.6. To be in need of; require: "'Your hair wants cutting,' said the Hatter" (Lewis

Carroll).

v.intr. (no object of the verb)1. To have need: wants for nothing.2. To be destitute or needy. 3. To be disposed; wish: Call me daily if you want.

Smith’s men went ashore where their want of discipline made them vulnerable to the Indian attacks.The condition or quality of lacking something usual or necessary

want

wŏnt

nounBAH 3

Notice that the word is NOT capitalized and that the student’s initials and class period are in the corner.

Unfamiliar wordFirst, the fault of our going was our own; what could

be thought fitting or necessary we had; but what we should find, or want, or where we should be, we were all ignorant, and supposing to make our passage in two months, with victual to live and the advantage of the spring to work.

Again, too long for the card so we simplify.We thought we would have enough

victual to live on until our crops ripened.

We thought we would have enough victual to live on until our crops ripened.

What part of speech?Noun

vict·ual  (vĭt΄ l) thefreedictionary.comn.1. Food fit for human consumption.2. victuals Food supplies; provisions.v. vict·ualed or vict·ualled, vict·ual·ing or vict·ual·ling, vict·uals v.tr.To provide with food.v.intr.1. To lay in food supplies.2. To eat.

Again, make sure you are actually making the letters legibly and carefully!!!!

We thought we would have enough victual to live on until our crops ripened.

victuals Food supplies; provisions

victual  vĭt΄ lnoun

BAH 5

Dictionaries to use:Online –

NOT dictionary.com – very poor definitions, dumbed down.

Use thefreedictionary.comIn class –

red – Webster's, familiar pronunciations but sometimes difficult definitions.

Yellow: Longman’s Advanced, phonetic pronunciations but very clear definitions.

Daily – a few minutes of class study cards with a partner.

Help one another know ALL the answers on each card.

Ensures that you have the cards with you on Friday.Keep the complete cards AND at least 10 blank

cards with you every day, so you can practice and create more.

Friday test…Come with your entire stack

Week 1 – 10 cardsWeek 2 – those first 10 plus 10 new ones Week 3 – those first 20 plus 10 new ones…

I will pick out 10 cards randomly and ask one question from each of the cards.

One point for each right answer. Ten points per week. Don’t be fooled. They add up.

What will the test consist of?

1. How do you say this word? (based either on spelling or pronunciation)

E.G. poignant or ‘pɔIn yƐnt (Longman’s format)

2. What is the part of speech? Don’t trust the dictionary to tell you what it is. How it is used in the sentence on your card?Suffixes can change the part of speech or it can be

different depending on how it is pronounced.3. How do you spell it?

You may write it out on a piece of scratch paper or spell aloud.

What will the test consist of? Continued…

4. What does the word mean? It doesn’t have to be verbatim (exactly the same words), as long as you make it clear what the word means.

5. Can you use it in a sentence? Again, it doesn’t have to be the exact sentence on your card, but it does have to be used in the same form and with the same meaning.)

Do I have to have all my cards to take the test?

YESIf you don’t have all of them it is an automatic zero.

What order do we test in?The teacher can choose to go alphabetically,

reverse alphabetically, random, row by row, or allow you to volunteer as long as the seats are filled.

What if I don’t have ALL my cards when you call on me or on a day of an alternative test?Automatic Zero out of ten points!

What if you didn’t call on me and we ran out of time?Then you have to make up the test before the

next Friday (by end of day Thursday)

What if you didn’t call on me or I was absent and I need to take the test?When can I take it?

Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday before or after school, brunch, or lunch barring any meeting Mrs. H. is obligated to attend. The sooner the better!!!!

Please take it as early in the week as possible. Don’t wait until the last minute!!!

If you wait until the last day and we run out of time or I am sick or absent you are out of luck.

If you do not make up the test by the end of the day the following Thursday (DO NOT WAIT UNTIL THURSDAY) you have ONE PASS (as in only one) to do a make-up test.

I have heard that sometimes you have us count the cards or something.True, if there is a sub or if I am sick and don’t think it would

be wise to handle everyone’s cards I have two alternate assignments.

One – count the cards. If you have all of them you get the 10 points. If you don’t it will be a 0. (This is a policy intended to motivate you to keep up with the cards.)

Two – I can have you sort your cards so that you become more aware of the kinds of cards you have or are using. Participation earns you the 10 points. You must have all your cards for the 10 points.

What if I am absent the day of an alternative test?The make-up test is the regular 10

questions no matter what the original test form was.

You still have to make it up by end of day on Thursday to do it without using up your one make-up test pass.

How do you recommend I carry the cards?A rubber band or a ziplock bag works well.

If you use a ring be aware that you have to take it off the ring each time we do the test.

Make sure your initials and your class period are on EVERY card, so that if they are dropped they can be returned to you. It also makes them less of a temptation to steal.

What do we do with them at the end of the semester?

You turn the entire stack in and get one point for each correctly filled out card. That is potentially 140-160 points.

If I don’t turn them in will it hurt my grade?

YES