Redesign of Rotary Redesign of Rotary InductrackInductrack for for Magnetic Train LevitationMagnetic Train Levitation

Bradley UniversityBradley University

Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Senior Capstone ProjectSenior Capstone Project

Advisor:Advisor:Dr. Dr. AnakwaAnakwa

Student:Student:Glenn Glenn ZomchekZomchek

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OverviewOverview

–– Background informationBackground information

–– Purpose of Maglev SystemPurpose of Maglev System

–– Previous WorkPrevious Work

–– Project SummaryProject Summary

–– Physical DesignPhysical Design

–– ControlsControls

–– Parts & EquipmentParts & Equipment

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Overview (cont’d)Overview (cont’d)

–– Specifications for New Maglev SystemSpecifications for New Maglev System

–– Issues to AddressIssues to Address

–– Tentative ScheduleTentative Schedule

–– ReferencesReferences

–– PatentsPatents

–– QuestionsQuestions

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Background InformationBackground Information

The The inductrackinductrack was first developed by Richard F. Post in was first developed by Richard F. Post in the late 1990’s at Lawrence Livermore National the late 1990’s at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.Laboratory.

–– 20 meter test track for propulsion20 meter test track for propulsion

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Purpose of Maglev SystemPurpose of Maglev System

LifeLife--size track and train propulsion systemsize track and train propulsion system

Low Speed Urban Maglev ProgramLow Speed Urban Maglev Program

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Previous Work at Bradley UniversityPrevious Work at Bradley University

20032003--20042004–– Paul FriendPaul Friend

Initial researchInitial researchEquations developedEquations developedGUI created in MATLABGUI created in MATLABCircular wireCircular wire--rung rung inductrackinductrack attemptedattempted

–– Tony Pederson and Toby MillerTony Pederson and Toby MillerLinear wireLinear wire--rung rung inductrackinductrack attemptedattempted

20052005--20062006–– Dusty Funk and Kyle Dusty Funk and Kyle GetslaGetsla

New support structure createdNew support structure createdLaminated sheets Laminated sheets inductrackinductrack attemptedattempted

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SmallSmall--Scale Maglev SystemScale Maglev System

Project SummaryProject Summary

11stst goalgoal–– To demonstrate levitationTo demonstrate levitation

22ndnd goalgoal–– To use a position sensor to measure the To use a position sensor to measure the

displacement in height created by the train levitation. displacement in height created by the train levitation. –– Use the signal created as feedback to the AC motor Use the signal created as feedback to the AC motor

to control the motor speed, creating a closedto control the motor speed, creating a closed--loop loop system. system.

–– To use a digital force gauge to measure the force To use a digital force gauge to measure the force needed to levitate the train to a desired height.needed to levitate the train to a desired height.

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Physical DesignPhysical Design

InductrackInductrack::

Thin sheets of laminated aluminumThin sheets of laminated aluminumwrapped around bicycle wheelwrapped around bicycle wheel

Slots cut every 2.2 cm to guide Slots cut every 2.2 cm to guide eddy currentseddy currents

Eddy currents created due Eddy currents created due to moving magnetic fieldto moving magnetic field

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Maglev TrainMaglev Train

Mass = 0.375 kgMass = 0.375 kg

HalbachHalbach array of magnetsarray of magnets

Magnet Strength: 1.21 TeslaMagnet Strength: 1.21 Tesla

HalbachHalbach wavelength, wavelength, λ = 5.5λ = 5.5 cmcm

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HalbachHalbach ArrayArray

When the When the HalbachHalbach array passes over the track, current is array passes over the track, current is induced. The current induced in the track creates the induced. The current induced in the track creates the magnetic field. magnetic field.

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Support StructureSupport Structure

Support structure used in 2005Support structure used in 2005

Mechanical technician, Mechanical technician,

assistance will be used in assistance will be used in

fabrication of new support fabrication of new support

structurestructure

(David Miller)(David Miller)

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ControlsControls

Overall System Block DiagramOverall System Block Diagram

The Maglev System block consists of the train, The Maglev System block consists of the train, HalbachHalbach array of array of magnets, rotary wheel, control unit, and AC motor.magnets, rotary wheel, control unit, and AC motor.

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Rotary Subsystem Block DiagramRotary Subsystem Block Diagram

The rotary subsystem consists of AC power coming directly frThe rotary subsystem consists of AC power coming directly from the om the wall into a control unit which will control the AC motor. The cwall into a control unit which will control the AC motor. The control ontrol unit will be compatible with the servo motor and manually set byunit will be compatible with the servo motor and manually set by the the user. The AC motor will be connected to the rotary wheel to user. The AC motor will be connected to the rotary wheel to accelerate the wheel to a specified velocity. accelerate the wheel to a specified velocity.

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Levitation Levitation SubsytemSubsytem Block DiagramBlock Diagram

The levitation subsystem consists of the velocity of the whThe levitation subsystem consists of the velocity of the wheel creating an eel creating an induced current which in turn creates an induced magnetic force induced current which in turn creates an induced magnetic force to levitate to levitate the train. The feedback path will consist of a levitation constthe train. The feedback path will consist of a levitation constant.ant.

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Parts & EquipmentParts & Equipment

ServomotorServomotor–– Model: Model: YaskawaYaskawa SGMGHSGMGH--20ACB6120ACB61

Rated Speed: 1000 RPMRated Speed: 1000 RPM

Max Speed: 2000 RPMMax Speed: 2000 RPM

Rated Voltage: 200 VRated Voltage: 200 V

Servomotor provided by Robert Servomotor provided by Robert RuberRuber

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Parts & Equipment (cont’d)Parts & Equipment (cont’d)

F7 Motor Drive Unit F7 Motor Drive Unit –– Model: Model: YaskawaYaskawa CIMRCIMR--F7U41P5F7U41P5

Rated Input Voltage: 480 VRated Input Voltage: 480 V

Rated Output Current: 3.7 ARated Output Current: 3.7 A

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Parts & Equipment (cont’d)Parts & Equipment (cont’d)

Position SensorPosition Sensor

A position sensor will be A position sensor will be

purchased and used to purchased and used to

measure the displacement measure the displacement

of the train due to levitationof the train due to levitation

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Parts & Equipment (cont’d)Parts & Equipment (cont’d)

Digital Force GaugeDigital Force Gauge

A force sensor will be used A force sensor will be used

to measure the levitation to measure the levitation

force felt by the trainforce felt by the train

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Specifications for New Maglev SystemSpecifications for New Maglev SystemPD

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Issues to AddressIssues to Address

Adverse effect of steel rivets on bicycle wheel to Adverse effect of steel rivets on bicycle wheel to the attraction of the the attraction of the HalbachHalbach array of magnets.array of magnets.

Material selection for gap creation between steel Material selection for gap creation between steel rivets and rivets and inductrackinductrack..

Wheel rotation with load must exceed ~700 rpmWheel rotation with load must exceed ~700 rpm

Stability of support structure to withstand fast Stability of support structure to withstand fast rotational speeds of the wheel with little vibrationrotational speeds of the wheel with little vibration

Proper sensor placement on the Maglev system Proper sensor placement on the Maglev system

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Fall Semester ScheduleFall Semester Schedule

Weeks 1Weeks 1--22 Development of functional description Development of functional description deliverable. Research on previous deliverable. Research on previous Maglev work along with Maglev work along with personal personal verification measurements.verification measurements.

Weeks 3Weeks 3--55 Development of specifications Development of specifications deliverable. Parts research for motors, deliverable. Parts research for motors, position sensors, and force sensors. position sensors, and force sensors. Development ideas for new Maglev Development ideas for new Maglev system. system.

Weeks 6Weeks 6--77 Preparation for project proposal and Preparation for project proposal and oral presentation. Collaboration with oral presentation. Collaboration with mechanical technician for support mechanical technician for support structure rebuild. structure rebuild.

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Spring Semester Tentative ScheduleSpring Semester Tentative Schedule

Weeks 1Weeks 1--22 Collaboration with mechanicalCollaboration with mechanicaltechnician for support technician for support structure rebuild.structure rebuild.

Weeks 3Weeks 3--55 Complete Maglev system Complete Maglev system construction.construction.

Weeks 6Weeks 6--1010 Train levitation. Experimental Train levitation. Experimental tests and measurements.tests and measurements.

Weeks 11Weeks 11--1414 Development of feedback Development of feedback signals to create a closedsignals to create a closed--loop loop system. Preparation for oral system. Preparation for oral presentation and final project presentation and final project report.report.

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ReferencesReferences[1] Paul Friend’s Senior Project Magnetic Levitation Technology[1] Paul Friend’s Senior Project Magnetic Levitation Technology 1 Final Report, 1 Final Report,

12 May, 2004.12 May, 2004.

[2] Paul Friend’s Senior Project Proposal, 12 December, 2003.[2] Paul Friend’s Senior Project Proposal, 12 December, 2003.

[3] Paul Friend’s Project Proposal Presentation, 9 December, 20[3] Paul Friend’s Project Proposal Presentation, 9 December, 2003.03.

[4] Dusty Funk & Kyle [4] Dusty Funk & Kyle Getsla’sGetsla’s Senior Project Magnetic Levitation Train Senior Project Magnetic Levitation Train Final Report, 2005.Final Report, 2005.

[5] [5] HalbachHalbach, K., “Applications of permanent magnets in accelerators and ele, K., “Applications of permanent magnets in accelerators and electron ctron storage rings,” storage rings,” Journal of Applied PhysicsJournal of Applied Physics, vol. 57, p. 3605, , vol. 57, p. 3605, 1985.1985.

[6] Post, Richard F., [6] Post, Richard F., RyutovRyutov, Dmitri D., “The , Dmitri D., “The InductrackInductrack Approach to Approach to Magnetic Levitation,” Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.Magnetic Levitation,” Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

[7] [7] YaskawaYaskawa Electric Corporation. “User’s Manual,” Electric Corporation. “User’s Manual,” Servo Selection and Data Servo Selection and Data SheetsSheets, October, 2000., October, 2000.

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PatentsRichard F. PostMagnetic Levitation System for Moving ObjectsU.S. Patent 5,722,326March 3, 1998

Richard F. PostInductrack Magnet ConfigurationU.S. Patent 6,633,217 B2October 14, 2003

Richard F. PostInductrack ConfigurationU.S. Patent 629,503 B2October 7, 2003

Richard F. PostLaminated Track Design for Inductrack Maglev SystemU.S. Patent Pending US 2003/0112105 A1June 19, 2003

Coffey; Howard T.Propulsion and stabilization for magnetically levitated vehiclesU.S. Patent 5,222,436June 29, 2003

Coffey; Howard T.Magnetic Levitation configuration incorperating

levitation, guidance and linear synchronous motorU.S. Patent 5,253,592

October 19, 1993

Levi;Enrico; Zabar;Zivan;Air cored, linear induction motor for magnetically levitated systemsU.S. Patent 5,270,593

November 10, 1992

Lamb; Karl J. ; Merrill; Toby ; Gossage; Scott D. ; Sparks; Michael T. ;Barrett; Michael S. U.S. Patent 6,510,799

January 28, 2003

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