reduction of words in germanic and balto slavonic languages to a common denominator

ABOUT THE AUTHOR.....................................................................................2

FOREWORD....................................................................................................... 2

COLLECTION OF REDUCTIONS TO A COMMON DENOMINATOR WITH OR WITHOUT TRANSITIONS...........................................................6A.....................................................................................................................................6B.....................................................................................................................................8C...................................................................................................................................29D...................................................................................................................................31E...................................................................................................................................38F...................................................................................................................................39G...................................................................................................................................45H...................................................................................................................................54I....................................................................................................................................62J....................................................................................................................................63K...................................................................................................................................63L...................................................................................................................................73M..................................................................................................................................86N...................................................................................................................................95O.................................................................................................................................100P.................................................................................................................................102Q................................................................................................................................109R.................................................................................................................................109S.................................................................................................................................116T.................................................................................................................................136U.................................................................................................................................144V.................................................................................................................................145W................................................................................................................................156X.................................................................................................................................173Y.................................................................................................................................173Z.................................................................................................................................174

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ABOUT THE AUTHORZlatko Ilic-Vornhusen is a computer scientist of Yugoslavian origin who has studied information technology in Osnabrueck, Lower Saxony, Germany. During a period of unemployment he began to work on this book because he noticed many similar words and connections in Germanic (German and English) and Slavonic (MBCS (Montenegrin-MBCS-Croatian-Serbian and Russian) languages. Although the author is not a language scientist, he has done this job systematically and with care using online and other literature (sources). If you wish to contact the author you can do that per E-mail. His E-mail address is: [email protected]

FOREWORDThis book contains a collection of 11691 cases of reductions of words in Germanic and Balto-Slavonic languages to a common denominator.

Apart from huge number of cognates and other similar words, there are connections between Germanic and Balto-Slavonic words, that are not similar, but the difference between these words can be explained by means of reducing these words to a common denominator which is an another words that is similar or not similar to the word for which we would like to find the common denominator. If the common denominator is not similar to the word in question we can find a set of transition (intermediate) words that lead from the word in question to the common denominator. The common denominator don’t have to be a word in the same language. This sounds too complicated but it isn’t at all. I will tell you from where I get the idea to examine Germanic and Balto-Slavonic languages in this way.

The next table will show you what I meant with a few previous sentences.

English: blood English: bed (-l)

Polish: krew (blood) MBCS: krevet (bed) (+et)

mailto:[email protected]

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We see that words in the left column are similar to the words in the right column and words in the left column have the first meaning and the words in the second column have the second meaning. We can also exchange the left and right columns, it is not so important.

You can see that we are dealing with similarities between words. Also it is for us not important whether are between “blood” and “bed” there any explainable logic connection, we only record that these word pairs are similar in both Germanic and Balto-Slavonic languages. Some would say that the similarity is not enough and would raise a question what we should consider as similar. It is my opinion that we can use differences from earlier sound changes or shifts in Germanic and Balto-Slavonic languages.

These differences are displayed in the table below:

Z, S – D, T MBCS: kliziti – English: to glide, Swedish: tid – MBCS: sat (time), German: heiss – English: hot, German: zahm – English: tame

B, P – V, W, F Slovenian: polje – English: field, German: treiben – English: to drive, German: wetten – English: to bet

Differences between voiced and unvoiced consonants are of course considered as similar.

As we can see the difference between “blood” and “bed” is not considered as similar according the table of differences. But we can search and find a set of intermediate words which lead from the first word to another.

English: blood

- German: Wald (wood)

- English: wood

- German: wetten (to bet)

English: bed

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- English: to bet

Polish: krew (blood)

German: Bett (bed)

MBCS: krevet (bed) (“ett” is Nordic suffix acting as definite article for neuter nouns)) (similar development can be observed in Bulgarian)

Intermediate words (transitions) are indented and displayed prefixed with a enumeration symbol (character). We see that two transitions below “wood” are optional because we consider words “wood” and “bed” as similar according the table of differences. For “krew” and “krevet” is there also a possible explanation given in brackets. This one example is only one of many and this book will prove that Balto-Slavonic and Germanic languages are similar structured.

Another procedure which I used for exploring the relations between Germanic and Balto-Slavonic languages was to fix my attention to similar words which meanings apparently have nothing to do with each other. I will illustrate this with an example.

“German: Eid (oath)” and MBCS verb “odievati (se) (to clothe, put on clothes)” have the same root (stem). One would say this were a pure chance. But I have made a step more and asked the dictionary what looks “oath” like in MBCS and what looks “odievati (se)” like in German or English. And I was amased. “outh” is “za-klet-va” in MBCS and “odievati (se)” is “(sich) kleid-en” in German. Thus the words are reciprocally proportional.

Now we get back to the first example. The transitions from the beginning word to the target word that I had used are surely not the only way to connect these words, there can be many other ways and if you find a better (faster or more elegant) solution you can contact me per email and I will include your version in the next edition of this book. Although this book is more interesting then my second book “Dictionary of similar words in

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Germanic and Balto-Slavonic languages” I strongly recommend this book too, only to see how closely related are these language groups. Everyone can see that these Balto-Slavonic and Germanic languages are not independent from each other and if one want to understand his respective native language, one must study also one language of the other (Germanic or Balto-Slavonic) language group. If I highlight one word part in the dictionary section it doesn't mean that it is the root of the word, but the part that is compared with the corresponding part of the other word. For MBCS words I will use special spelling which I consider more appropriate for reader with English background which can be mislead to conclusion that MBCS words are not enough similar to the Germanic counterpart because of interfering “j” sound.

This is the table with the special spelling for MBCS words:

MBCS spelling

Spelling in the book

lj l’nj n’ć t’đ d’j yije, je ie

While I was writing this dictionary, I used following sources: Multilingual online dictionary http://translate.reference.com MBCS - English online dictionary http://www.rjecnik.net English - Ukrainian Dictionary

http://lingresua.tripod.com/cgi-bin/onlinedic.pl EUdict European dictionary http://www.eudict.com Online Etymology Dictionary (history of English words)

http://www.etymonline.com Indo-European Etymological Dictionary:

http://www.indoeuropean.nl/index2.html English - MultiLingual Online Dictionary

http://www.indoeuropean.nl/index2.html

http://www.etymonline.com/

http://www.eudict.com/

http://lingresua.tripod.com/cgi-bin/onlinedic.pl

http://www.rjecnik.net/

http://translate.reference.com/

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http://online.ectaco.co.uk/main.jsp?do=e-services-dictionaries-word_translate1&lang1=23&lang2=ml

Webster's Online Dictionary with Multilingual Thesaurus Translation http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org

Dictionary with word definitions http://www.yourdictionary.com Free English thesaurus dictionary software from

http://wordweb.info/free Kluge Etymological Dictionary (history of German words), this

isn’t a online dictionary

COLLECTION OF REDUCTIONS TO A COMMON DENOMINATOR WITH OR WITHOUT TRANSITIONS

A

1. Dutch: ademen (to breathe)Slovenian: dihati (to breathe)

Russian: dom (house)English: hut

2. Danish: angre (to repent)

Czech: kát se (to repent)Slovenian: kesati se (to repent)

German: eng (narrow, close together)Danish: tyk (thick, dense)MBCS: gust (dense)

3. German: Antwort (answer, reply)

Slovenian: odgovor (answer, reply)

English: to respond (to reply)Russian: otvet ( answer, reply)

German: verantwortlich (responsible)

MBCS: odgovoran (responsible)English: responsibleRussian: otvetstveny (responsible)

4. German: Arm (arm: part of the body) English: arms (weapons)

http://wordweb.info/free

http://www.yourdictionary.com/

http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/



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MBCS: ruka (arm: part of the body) Russian: oružie (arms, weapons)

(indirect k-g-ž palatalization)5. German: Art (a kind, type etc )

Russian: rod (a kind, type etc )- English: rod- German: Rute (rod)

Middle.High.German: art (ploughing (tilling) the soil)

Slovenian: orati (to plough, furrow)

6. English: to ask (to inquire)MBCS: pitala (she inquired)

- English: beetle- MBCS: buba (beetle)

English: ash

MBCS: pepeo (ash)7. German: Atem (breath)

English: to breatheMBCS: disati (to breathe)

- MBCS: dizati (to lift)- German: heben (to lift)- English: to heap up (to

pile up)- MBCS: nakupiti (to pile

up)

MBCS: miti (to bathe)MBCS: prati (to bathe, wash)

MBCS: kupati (to bathe)8. English: awake

Slovak: hore (awake)MBCS: budan (awake)

English: to watch (k-tch palatalization)English: to hearSlovenian: videti (to see)

9. English: awakeMBCS: budan (awake)German: Schlaf (sleep)English: sleep

English: wickedEnglish: bad (immoral, wicked)German: schlimm (wicked, bad)MBCS: zloba (malice, spite, ill will)

10. English: axSlovenian: sekira (ax)

Russian: iskat’ (to seek)English: to seek

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B

11. German: Bach (brook, stream, rivulet)

German: Bach (brook, stream, rivulet)English: brookSlovenian: reka (river)

English: stream

English: to wash (h-sh palatalization)

German: wischen (to wipe)Polish: prać (to wash)Old.High:German: kerien (to sweep)MBCS: mesti (to sweep)

12. Swedish: backe (hill)- English: peak- Norwegian: spiss (peak,

top)Czech: hora (hill)

Russian: spešit' (to hurry)English: to hurry

13. English: badEnglish: bestEnglish: wellMBCS: bol’e (better)

MBCS: padati (to fall)Slovenian: pasti (to fall)English: to fallRussian: pal (have fallen)

14. Danish: bade (to bathe)

MBCS: praše (they bathed, washed)

Danish: bede om (to ask: to request)

Slovenian: prositi (to ask: to request)

15. German: baden (to bathe)

MBCS: praše (they bathed)

Slovenian: kopati se (to take a bathe)

German: bitten (to ask for s.th), betteln (to beg)Russian: prosit'(to ask for s.th), MBCS: prositi (to beg)

English: to beg

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Russian: mil (sia) (he bathed (s.th)) MBCS: moliti (to beg for s.th,

to ask for s.th)16. German: baden (to bathe)

MBCS: kupati (to bathe)- MBCS: bok (hip)- English: hip

MBCS: padati (to fall)

German: (sich) heben (to lift, raise, rise, go up)

17. German: Bahn (way, path, track)MBCS: put (way, path, track)

English: to ban (to prohibit)German: verbieten (to forbid, ban, prohibit)

18. English: to bakeRuusian: gotovit’ (to cook)

Russian: bog (god)German: Gott (god)

19. English: to bangEnglish: to slam

MBCS: puknuti (to rift)MBCS: slomiti (to break something)

20. German: Bart (beard)Swedish: skägg (beard)

German: Forst (forest)Swedish: skog (forest)

21. German: Bart (beard) German: Haar (hair)

- English: to hear- English: to hearken

German: Brot (bread)

Slovenian: kruh (bread)22. Norwegian: bart (moustache)

Polish: wąsy (moustache)MBCS: prati (to wash)Dutch: wassen (to wash)

23. Norwegian: bart (moustache)Polish: wąsy (moustache)

German: Braut (bride)MBCS: neviesta (bride)

24. Czech: bát se (to fear)English: to fear

English: to batheMBCS: prati (to bathe, wash)

25. English: to bathe (to go swimming)MBCS: kupati se (to bathe: to go swimming )

English: bottom, top (inversion)

German: Gipfel (peak), English: peak (inversion)

26. English: to bathe

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- English: to bet - German: wetten (to bet)

Russian: mit' (to bath, bathe) - Swedish: måtte (must) - English: must

Dutch: vet (fat)

Slovenian: mast (fat)27. English: to bathe

- English: to bet - German: wetten (to bet) - Dutch: weten (to know)- German: wissen (to

know)- Dutch: wassen (to wash,

bathe)- English: to wash

MBCS: kupati (to bathe)- Bulgarian: kup (heap)- English: heap, to hope- Polish: ufać (to hope)

MBCS: viežba (exercise, training. practise)

Swedish: öva (to exercise, train, practice)

28. English: to bathe (to go swimming)

Russian: plavat' (to go swimming)

English: to spit (“s” is preposition in Slavonic languages)

Russian: plevat' (sia) (to spit)29. English: to bathe

German: baden (to bath, bathe)MBCS: prati se (to bathe)Slovenian: kopati se (to bathe)

- MBCS: kap (drop: a small quantity of liquid)

- English: to drop (to fall)

English: betterEnglish: badSwedish: bra (good)

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- English: to fall English: well30. German: bauen (to build)

Dutch: bouwen (to build)Slovenian: graditi (to build)

German: weinen (to weep, cry)English: to weepDanish: græde (to cry, weep)

31. English: to bear (to carry, wear)

MBCS: nositi (to bear, wear, carry)

- Old.English: sittan (to sit)

- Slovenian: sedeti (to sit)

German: Nachbar (neighbour) (”nach” is a prefix)

Slovenian: sosed (neighbour) (“so” is a prefix in Slavonic languages)

32. English: to bear (to give birth)Swedish: föda (to give birth)

English: bear (a large animal)Russian: medved’ (bear: a large animal)

33. English: to bear (to give birth)Swedish: föda (to give birth)

- English: to wet- Swedish: fukta (to wet)

Slovenian: boriti se (to fight)

Swedish: fäkta (to fight)34. English: to bear (to give birth)

- Danish: bære (to wear)- English: to wear

MBCS: roditi (to give birth)

Slovak: robit' (to work)

English: to workMBCS: raditi (work)

35. English: to bear (to give birth)MBCS: roditi (to give birth)

- Russian: roždenie (birth)- English: to roast- Russian: žarit’ (to roast)

English: to ripen

MBCS: zoriti (to ripen)36. English: to bear (to give birth)

MBCS: roditi (to give birth)- English: rod- German: Rute (rod)

English: to rub s.th clean, dry

MBCS: otirati (to rub s.th clean, dry)

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37. English: to bear (to give birth)Russian: rodit' (to give birth)Swedish: föda (to give birth)

- MBCS: navada (habit)- MBCS: navika (habit)

Dutch: roepen (to shout)MBCS: derati se (to shout)

MBCS: vikati (to shout)38. English: to bear (to give birth)

- Danish: bære (to wear)- English: to wear

Croatrian: roditi (to give birth)- English: rod- German: Rute (rod)

Swedish: fåra (to furrow)

MBCS: orati (to plough)39. English: to bear (to give birth)

Dutch: baren (to give birth)MBCS: roditi (to give birth)

MBCS: parati (to rip, tear open)English: to ripMBCS: derati (to tear, rip, rend)

40. English: to bear (to give birth)- Danish: bære (to wear)- English: to wear

MBCS: umirati (to die)English: to die

- MBCS: dati (to give)- MBCS: dar (gift,

present)- MBCS: derati (to tear)- English: to tear

English: wearyMBCS: umoran (tired, weary)

English: to tire41. English: to bear (to give birth)

- MBCS: prati (to wash)- MBCS: spirati (to wash

away)- English: spear- German: Spiess (spit,

spear)


MBCS: spasiti (to recscue, save)

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- English: rod- German: Rute (rod)

German: retten (to recscue, save)

42. English: to bear (to give birth)English: birthMBCS: roditi (to give birth)

Norwegian: bør (burden)English: burdenMBCS: teret (burden)

43. English: bears (gives birth)MBCS: rad’a (gives birth)

MBCS: brz (fast, quick)Norwegian: rede (quick)

44. Danish: bede om (to ask: to request)

- MBCS: budan (awake)- Danish: vågen (awake)

Danish: bede om (to ask: to request)

- German: baden (to bathe)

- Dutch: wassen (to bathe, wash)

Slovenian: prositi (to ask: to request)

Dutch: vegen (to wipe)

Dutch: wissen (to wipe)

MBCS: brisati (to wipe)45. Norwegian: bedra (to deceive)

Slovenian: varati (to deceive)MBCS: vatra (fire)Dutch: vuur (fire)

46. English: to begMBCS: moliti (to beg)Slovak: prosit' (to beg)

- Russian: brosat’ (to throw)

- English: to throw- Slovenian: trava (grass)- English: grass

English: bigMBCS: mali (small)

German: gross (big, great)47. German: beissen (to bite)

MBCS: gristi (to bite)Czech: pást se (to graze)German: grasen (to graze)

48. German: beissen (to bite)MBCS: gristi (to bite)

MBCS: pasti (to fall, drop)Lithuanian: kristi (to fall, drop)

49. Old.Saxon: beki (brook) Danish: bake (hill)

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English: brook MBCS: brieg (hill)50. Old.Norse: berja (to hit, strike,

beat)Slovenian: udariti (to hit, strike)

English: to bear (to give birth)MBCS: roditi (to give birth)

51. English: bestEnglish: well, evilGerman: übel (bad, wicked, evil)

MBCS: dopustiti (to alow)English: to allow

German: erlauben (to allow)52. English: to bet

MBCS: kladiti se (to bet)MBCS: topao (warm)English: cold

53. German: Bett (bed)Swedish: säng (bed)Polish: łoże (bed)

- German: lassen (to let)- English: to let- German: leiten (to lead)- English: to lead

Russian: pet’ (to sing)English: to sing, song

German: Lied (song)54. Russian: bežat‘ (to run)

German: laufen (to run)Russian: bežat‘ (to flee)German: fliehen (to flee)

55. German: Biene (bee)MBCS: pčela (bee)

German: weinen (to weep)MBCS: plač (weeping, crying)

56. German: (an)bieten (to offer, bid)MBCS: (po)nuditi (to offer, bid)

German: baden (to bathe)

Lithuanian: máudyti (to bathe)57. German: (an)bieten (to offer,

bid)MBCS: (po)nuditi (to offer, bid)

MBCS: bieda (poverty)

English: need (poverty)58. English: big

German: gross (great, big)

Polish: piękny, Swedish: vacker (beautiful)MBCS: krasan, Russian: krasivy (beautiful)

59. Russian: bil (was, were) MBCS: bol (pain, ache)

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German: war (was, were)- English: where- German: wo (where) Old.Saxon: wē (pain, ache)

60. German: Bild (picture, drawing, painting)MBCS: slika (picture, drawing, painting)

English: bald (lacking hear)

Swedish: skallig (bald: lacking hear) (transposition of the root)

61. English: to bind- English: to wind

Slovenian: vezati (to bind)- Dutch: wassen (to bathe,

wash)- German: baden (to

bathe)

Danish: vinde (to win)

MBCS: pobiediti (to win)62. MBCS: birati (to choose)

German: küren (to choose)German: Fürst (prince, ruler)Russian: korol' (king, ruler)

63. MBCS: birati (to choose)Dutch: kiezen (to choose)

- MBCS: kazati (to say, tell, speak one’s mind)

- German: reden (to speak, talk)

English: to bear (to give birth)

Czech: rodit (to give birth)64. English: birth

Swedish: föda (to give birth)- English: to feed- German: füttern (to

feed)

English: bird

Slovak: vták (bird)65. English: birth

MBCS: roditi (to give birth)German: Freude (joy)MBCS: radost (joy)

66. English: birthSlovak: narodenie (birth)English: to bearSwedish: föda (to give birth)

Swedish: prata (to talk, speak)German: reden (to talk, speak)MBCS: zboriti (to speak)Slovak: povedať (to speak, say,

17

MBCS: oteliti (to calve)tell)Swedish: tala (to speak, talk)

67. English: birthSwedish: föda (to give birth)Swedish: föda (to give birth)

- Slovak: vedieť (to know)

- German: wissen (to know)

MBCS: prati (to bathe, wash)Swedish: bada, badda (to bathe)

Dutch: wassen (to wash)

68. Russian: bistry (quick, rapid, swift)

- English: best- English: bad

English: weakMBCS: slab (weak)English: fast (quick)Dutch: snel (fast, quick, speedy, rapid)

Russian: pospešny (speedy: done, carried out etc quickly)Danish: hurtig (fast, quick, rapid, swift)

Slovenian: buden (awake)English: awakeEnglish: asleepDanish: sove (asleep)

MBCS: usnula (she fell asleep)

Russian: spiaščy (asleep)

Slovak: hore (awake)

69. English: to biteSlovenian: pičiti (to bite)

Old.German: beiten (to wait)Slovak: počkat (to wait)

70. English: to biteMBCS: yesti (to eat)

MBCS: biti (to be)MBCS: yest (is)

71. English: to biteSlovenian: pičiti (to bite)

Dutch: botten (to bud)Czech: pučet (to bud)

72. German: bitten (to ask for s.th)Russian: prosit' (to ask for s.th)

German: betteln (to beg)MBCS: prositi (to beg)

73. German: bitten (to beg for s.th) German: beten (to pray)MBCS: moliti (to beg for s.th,

English: badEnglish: bad

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pray)English: to prayEnglish: to beg

- MBCS: bog (god)- English: god

Old.Slavic: malu (bad)Swedish: bra (good)

English: good74. German: bitten (to ask, beg)

Slovenian: prositi (to ask)Czech: prosit (to beg)

Czech: bát se (to fear)Russian: opasat' sia (to fear)Dutch: vrezen (to fear)

75. English: to bindMBCS: vezati (to bind)

- Dutch: wassen (to wash, bathe)

- Russian: myt' (to wash, bathe)

English: to find

MBCS: nad'e (he finds)76. English: to bind

MBCS: vezati (to bind)German: baden (to bathe)Dutch: wassen (to wash, bathe)

77. Russian: bil (was)English: was

Russian: bel (white)German: weiss (white)

78. English: blackNorwegian: blek (pale)Swedish: vit (white)

- Dutch: weten (to know)- Czech: vědět (to know)

German: blicken (to look at)German: blicken (to look at)

Slovenian: videti (to see)79. English: black

Slovenian: bel (white)German: blass (pale, wan)German: grau (grey)Swedish: svart (black)

Old.English: plagian (to play)German: spielen (to play)Russian: plesati (to dance)Slovenian: igrati (to play)MBCS: svirati (to play an instrument)

80. Old.High.German: blaen (to blow)Ukrainian: duti (to blow)

German: leben (to live)Swedish: dö (to die)

81. German: Blase (blister)- German: blass (pale)

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- Swedish: blek (pale)Danish: vabel (blister)

MBCS: plakati (to weep)English: to weep

82. German: blasen (to blow)Slovenian: pihati (to blow)

German: Blasé (blister)Czech: puchýř (blister)

83. Swedish: blåst (wind)- German: blass (pale)- English: pale

Ukrainian: viter (wind)Slovenian: bel (white)Swedish: vit (white)

84. MBCS: blato (mud)

Danish: muddar (mud)

German: blöde (stupid, dumb, silly)MBCS: mudar (wise, clever, shrewd)

85. German: Blatt (leaf)

MBCS: list (leaf)

English: leaf

German: blöd (silly, stupid, idiotic)German: listig (cunning, crafty, wily)English: fool, wily

86. German: Blatt (leaf)Slovenian: list (leaf)

German: Wald (wood)Russian: les (wood)

87. German: Blatt (leaf)Icelandic: lauf (leaf)Polish: liść (leaf)MBCS: list (leaf)

German: Blitz (flash)Icelandic: leiftur (flash)Danish: blitzlys (flash)Norwegian: lysstråle (flash)

88. Slovenian: bled (pale)Danish: bleg (pale)

Swedish: blid (mild)MBCS: blag (mild)

89. English: to blessMBCS: blagosil'ati (to bless)Dutch: wijden (to consecrate)

- Dutch: wijd (wide)- German: weit (wide)

MBCS: osveštati (to consecrate)

German: blassDanish: bleg (pale)

Dutch: wit (white)

Dutch: zwart (black) (š-r difference)

90. English: to blow MBCS: pl’uvati (to spit)

20

German: pusten (to blow, puff) English: to spite91. Swedish: bra (good)

English: goodSlovenian: hudoben (bad, evil)

- Russian: hudoy (gaunt, thin, lean)

- German: hager (gaunt, thin, lean)

MBCS: priyati (to be cosy)MBCS: goditi (to be cosy)

German: behagen (to be cosy)92. MBCS: buka (loud noise)

English: noiseEnglish: sound

- Danish: sand (true)- Swedish: sann (true)

German: Schall (sound)- MBCS: šala (joke, hoax)- MBCS: šal'iv (witty)

English: awakeRussian: son (sleep, dream)

Russian: son (sleep, dream)

German: Schlaf (sleep)93. Icelandic: blikka (to blink)

Czech: blikat (to blink)English: to blink

Russian: morgat‘ (to blink)

Dutch: bleek (pale: not dark)Norwegian: blek (pale: not dark)Lithuanian: blankus (pale: not dark)Swedish: mörk, MBCS: mrk (dark)

94. Danish: blink (flash)Slovenian: blesk (flash)

Danish: blind (blind)slovenian: slep (blind)

95. Danish: blive (to become)Czech: stávat se (to become)

- MBCS: staviti (to put)- English: to put

German: werden (to become)- English: word- German: Wort (wort)- Swedish: prat (talk)

Russian: plevat' (sia) (to spit)

English: to spit (“s” is preposition in Slavonic languages)

21

- English: to speak German: spucken (to spit)96. Danish: blød (soft)

MBCS: mek (soft)MBCS: blato (mud)German: Matsch (mud, mush) (k-tch palatalization)

97. English: blood- German: Wald (wood)- English: wood- German: wetten (to bet)- English:to bet

Czech: krev (blood)

English: bed

German: Bett (bed)MBCS: krevet (bed) (“ett” is a Nordic suffix acting as definite article for neuter nouns)(similar development can be observed in Bulgarian)

98. English: bloodMBCS: krv (blood)

Slovenian: bled (pale)MBCS: crven (red)

99. English: bloodRussian: krov’ (blood)

MBCS: plod (fruit)Swedish: frukt (fruit) (inversion and transposition withot “t”)

100. Icelandic: blot (to curse)MBCS: (pro)kleti (to curse)

MBCS: platiti (to pay)German: entgelten (to repay)

101. Swedish: blöt (wet, soaked in)MBCS: mokar (wet soaked in)

MBCS: blato (mud)German: Matsch (mud) (k-tch palatalization

102. Swedish: blöta (to soak)

Lithuanian: mirkyti (to soak)

MBCS: blied (pale, dim, bloodless)Swedish: mörk, MBCS: mrk (dark)

103. Swedish: blyg (timid)MBCS: plašl’iv (timid)Czech: bát se (to fear)

- German: Furcht (fear)- German: Frucht (fruit)- MBCS: plod (fruit)

Danish: bleg (pale)German: blass (pale)Swedish: vit (white)

Slovenian: bled (pale)

22

104. English: to boast- English: best- MBCS: naybol’i (best)

Icelandic: gorta (to boast)English: to brag

Polish: chełpić się (to boast)MBCS: hvaliti se (to boast)Slovenian: bahati se (to boast)

- Slovak: Boh (god)- MBCS: bog (god)

English: valleyRussian: gruda (hill)MBCS: brieg, German: Berg (hill)Russian: holm (hill)English: valley

Danish: bakke (hill)105. English: boat

English: bargeMBCS: potok (brook)English: brook

106. German: Boden (soil, land)MBCS: n'iva (tilth, acres)

MBCS: dobiti (to win, get)English: to win

107. German: Boden (bottom)Old.Slavic: duno (bottom)

Slovenian: debel (thick)German: dünn (thin)

108. German: Boden (bottom)English: peak

German: baden (to bathe)Slovenian: kopati (to bathe)

109. English: bodySlovenian: telo (body)

German: Boden (soil, bottom)MBCS: tlo (soil)

110. Dutch: boete (penalty)MBCS: kazna (penalty)

Polish: but (boot)MBCS: čizma (boot)(k-č palatalization and m-n difference)

111. Dutch: boete (penalty)Czech: pokuta (penalty)

English: betterGerman: gut (good)

112. Dutch: boeten (to atone)Polish: pokutować (to atone)

English: betterGerman: gut (good)

113. Czech: boj (fight)Swedish: fäkta (to fight with swords)Lithuanian: kovoti (to fight)

Slovak: jebať (to fuck)

Slovenian: fukati (to fuck)German: vögeln, ficken (to fuck)

114. MBCS: boliti (to ache) MBCS: paliti (to burn

23

Swedish: värka (to ache)- English: to work- Slovak: robiť (to work)

something)

English: to burn115. Norwegian: bør (burden)

Slovenian: tovor (burden)German: Last (burden, load)

- English: load

Danish: føre (to lead)MBCS: voditi (to lead)

English: to lead116. Dutch: doorboren (to pierce)

Czech: probodnout (to pierce)- Russian: pitat’ (to feed)- English: to feed


Swedish: föda (to give birth)117. English: borne

Russian: rožden (borne)- English: to roast- Russian: žariť (to roast)

English: to burn

Czech: požár (fire)118. Dutch: bouwen (to build)

Slovenian: (z)graditi (to build)English: to weepDanish: græde (to weep)

119. English: to bowMBCS: sagnuti se (to bow down, to bend down)

MBCS: pievati (to sing)

English: to sing120. MBCS: boya (colour)

German: Farbe, Czech: barva (colour)Russian: cvet (colour)

- Swedish: kvida (to wail)- Russian: vit' (to wail)

- German: wetten (to bet)- English: to bet

MBCS: boy (battle), Czech: boj (fight)

MBCS: borba (fight, battle)

English: fight (pronounced: fayt)

Czech: bít se (to fight)

121. German: Brand (fire, blaze)- English: to broaden- English: to widen (to

24

broaden)MBCS: vatra (fire)

English: windMBCS: vietar (wind)

122. MBCS: brati (to pick (flowers))English: to pick

MBCS: prati (to wash, bathe)MBCS: kupati (to bathe)

123. German: brauchen (to need)MBCS: trebah (I needed)

Czech: břicho (belly, tummy)MBCS: trbuh (belly, tummy)

124. Englih: breadRussian: hleb (bread, loaf)

- German: Leib (body)- Russian: telo (body)

MBCS: brdo (hill)

German: Tal (valley)125. English: break (to stop

operating)Icelandic: brjóta (to stop operating)Slovak: pokaziť sa (to stop operating)MBCS: kvariti se (to stop operating)

Russian: portit’sia (to stop operating)

Dutsch: spreken (to speak, talk)

Swedish: prata (to talk)

MBCS: kazati (to say, tell)

Russian: govorit’ (to speak, talk)

Swedish: prata (to talk)

126. English: to break

MBCS: slomiti (to break s.th)- English: to smile- MBCS: smiešiti se (to

smile)- MBCS: smiešati (to mix,

blend together)- MBCS: miešati (to mix,

blend))

MBCS: bruka (shame, disgrace)

English: shame

127. English: to breatheDutch: ademen (to breathe)Slovenian: dihati (to breathe)

Russian: brat (brother)Dutch: moeder (mother)German: Tochter (daughter)

25

128. Norwegian: bredd (brim, margin)

MBCS: okvir (rim, frame)

German: Rand (rim, margin, brim, edge)

Slovak: breh (edge)

MBCS: rub (rim, edge, brim)

Swedish: prata (to chat, speak, talk)MBCS: govoriti (to speak, talk, say)

German: reden (to speak, talk, say)German: sprechen (to speak, talk, say)MBCS: zboriti (to speak)

129. English: breeze (a slight wind)Slovenian: veter (wind)

MBCS: brzi (fast, speedy)English: faster

130. German: breit (broad, wide)

English: wide- Czech: vědět (to know)- German: wissen (to

know)

Old.High.German: brettan (to weave, to braid)

MBCS: vesti (to embroider, to stitch)

131. German: breit (broad)- MBCS: prati (to bathe,


bathe)Old.English: small (narrow, small)

- MBCS: mali (small)English: slim (not thick or fat; thin)

Swedish: bra (good)

English: bad

Old.Slavic: malu (bad)

German: schlimm (bad, wicked)132. German: bremsen (to brake)

Dutch: remmen (to brake)Czech: (za)brzdit (to brake)

- MBCS: brazdati (to

English: brimEnglish: rimNorwegian: bredd (rim, margin)

26

furrow, plough)- English: to plough

Slovenian: zavirati (to brake)

Swedish: fälg (rim), flik (margin)MBCS: okvir (rim, border)

133. German: Brett (board)MBCS: greda (board)

German: Brust (breast)MBCS: grudi (breasts)

134. Czech: břicho (belly)Danish: ryg (back)

Czech: prach (dust, powder)Icelandic: ryk (dust, powder)

135. MBCS: brieg (hill)

German: Tal (valley)- English: to tell- English: to talk

Old.English: abracian (to press in)

MBCS: tlak (pressure)136. English: brim

MBCS: rub (brim)MBCS: breme (burden)Norwegian: bør (burden)

137. Russian: brit’ (to shave)Swedish: raka sig

Swedish: prat (talk)MBCS: rekao (he said)

138. Danish: bro (bridge)MBCS: most (bridge)

- English: must- Danish: matte (must)

MBCS: prati (to wash, bathe)

Russian: mit’ (sia) (to wash, bathe)

139. English: broad- MBCS: brdo (hill)- MBCS: brieg (hill)

MBCS: širok (broad)- Dutch: schrik (fright)- MBCS: strah (fear,

fright)- German: streichen (to

stroke)- English: to stroke

MBCS: napregnuti (to strain)

Danish: strække (sig) (to strain)140. English: broom

MBCS: metla (broom)MBCS: vrieme (time)English: time

27

German: Bürste (brush)German: kerien (to sweep)

- German: küren (to choose)

- English: to chooseMBCS: četka (brush)MBCS: čistiti (to clean)

MBCS: prostor (space, room)

Slovenian: čas (time)

Slovenian: čas (time)141. German: Brot (bread)

Russian: hleb (bread)- German: lieben (to love)- Latvian: mīlēt (to love)

Swedish: bryta (to break)

MBCS: lomiti (to break)142. German: Brot (bread)

- German: Braut (bride)- Lithuanian: jaunamartė

(bride)Russian: hleb (bread)

MBCS: umrieti (to die)German: leben (to live)

143. German: sich brüsten (to boast)Russian: gordit' sia (to boast)

Icelandic: gorta (to boast)

English: to boast

German: Brust (breast)Russian: grud (breast, bust, bosom)Russian: grud (breast, bust, bosom)English: bust (bosom)

144. German: brüten (to brood)- English: to brood

Slovenian: valiti (to brood)

German: brodeln (to bubble, simmer)German: wallen (to bubble, simmer)

145. Danish: bryde sig om (to like)German: mögen (to like)

Polish: podobać się (to like)Swedish: tycka om (to like)MBCS: svidieti se (to be liked)Polish: lubić (to like)

English: broadGerman: mager (thin, skinny, meager)Slovenian: debel (thick)German: dick (thick)Swedish: vid (wide)

28

- Polish: biały (white)- Swedish: vit (white)

Slovenian: imeti rad (to like)- English: rod- MBCS: prut (rod)

Swedish: vid (wide)

German: breit (broad, wide)146. Danish: afbryde (to interrupt)

MBCS: prekinuti (to interrupt)MBCS: podbradak (chin)German: Kinn (chin)

147. Danish: bryde (to break)English: to break

MBCS: brada (beard)MBCS: brk (mustache)

148. Swedish: bryta (to break)Dutch: breken (to break)

German: Brett (board, plank)Czech: prkno (board, plank)

149. Swedish: bryta (to break)Slovenian: razbiti (to break)MBCS: lomiti (to break)

MBCS: prati (to bathe, wash)English: to batheRussian: mil (he bathed, washed)

150. English: budMBCS: voće (fruits)Slovenian: plod (fruit)

- German: platt (flat)- MBCS: plosnat (flat)

MBCS: budan (awake)English: awake

English: asleep151. MBCS: budan (awake)

English: awakeIcelandic: bíða (to wait)Czech: počkat (to wait) (k-č palatalization, “k” is iterative or repetitive suffix)

152. MBCS: budan (awake)- MBCS: budem (I am)- English: to be

Danish: vågen (awake)Ukrainian: byty sia (to fight)Old.Norse vega (to fight)

153. Slovenian: buden (awake)Danish: vågen (awake)

- Danish: begge (both)

Dutch: bedelen (to beg)

English: to beg154. MBCS: budi se (he wakes up)

- MBCS: bude (he is)- English: to be

German: wacht auf (he wakes Polish: bić się (to fight)

29

up) Dutch: vechten (to fight)155. Czech: budovat (to build)

Czech: stavět (to build)Dutch: aanleggen (to build)

English: to putMBCS: staviti (to put)Dutch: leggen (to lay)

156. German: Bug (bow (of ship or boat)Czech: příď (bow)

MBCS: kupati (se) (to bathe)MBCS: prati (se)(to bathe, wash)

157. Danish: bund (bottom)German: Boden (bottom)


- Dutch: wassen (to bathe, wash)

English: be bound

MBCS: biti vezan (be bound)158. MBCS: bure (vat, barrel)

English: vatEnglish: vat

MBCS: boriti se (to fight)English: to fightSlovenian: bitka (fight)

159. MBCS: bure (vat, barrel)German: Fass (barrel, vat)

Slovenian: riba (fish)Dutch: viss (fish)

160. Ukrainian: buryan (weed)

German: Unkraut (weed)

Polish: chwast (weed)

Old.English: beran (to bear, wear)German: tragen (to bear, wear, carry)Gothic: gawasjan (to wear clothes)

161. English: bushGerman: Strauch (bush)English: bush

- MBCS: bušiti (to bore)- English: to bore- Swedish: bära (to wear)- English: to wear

Russian: opasat' sia (to fear)MBCS: strah (fear)

English: (to) fear162. English: bush

Czech: keř (bush)English: to pushMBCS: gurati (to push, shove, shift)

30

English: shrub (small bush) German: schieben (to push, shove)

163. German: Busse (penalty, fine)Czech: pokuta (penalty, fine)

German: besser (better)German: gut (good)

164. German: Busse (penalty, fine)- Dutch: boete (penalty)- MBCS: bieda (need,

poverty) - German: Not (need,

poverty)English: fine (money extracted as a penalty)

Russian: nayti (to find)

Swedish: finna (to find)165. Swedish: by (village)

Polish: wieś (village)

English: to be, MBCS: biti (to be)English: was

166. Swedish: bygga (to build)Czech: budovat (to build)

Danish: begge (both)German: beide (both)

167. Swedish: bygga (to build)Slovenian: (z)graditi (to build)English: builtNorwegian: anlegge (to build)

MBCS: vući (to drag, draw)English: to dragEnglish: pulledEnglish: to lug (to drag with difficulty)

168. Danish: bygge (to build)Slovenian: graditi (to build)Russian: stroit’ (to build)

English: bigEnglish: greatDanish: stor (great)

C

169. Old.English: cæg (key)Icelandic: lykill (key)

Polish: kochać (to love) English: to like

170. Old.English: cæg (key) MBCS: kukati (to wail, lament)German: klagen (to wail,

31

Czech: klíč (key) lament)171. English: to call (to give a name)

German: rufen (to give a name)Slovak: volať (to give a name)Lithuanian: vadinti (to give a name)

Polish: nazywać (to give a name)

Icelandic: góla (to howl)Slovak: revať (to howl)English: to wail

Swedish: kvida, Russian: vit'(to wail)

English: to sob, Slovak: zavyť (to howl)

172. English: canMBCS: mogu (I can)

MBCS: načiniti (to make)English: to make

173. English: to cast- Russian: kidat’ (to cast)

Slovak: hodiť (to cast)

MBCS: baciti (to cast)- MBCS: pecati (to fish)- Dutch: vissen (to fish)

English: goodSlovenian: hudoben (bad, wicked)

German: böse (bad, wicked)174. MBCS: čekati (to wait)

English: to wait- Old.English: witan (to

know)- Czech: vědět (to know)

German: kucken (to look at)

Slovenian: videti (to see)175. English: to chase

German: jagen (to chase, hunt)

Russian: česat' (to rub to relieve itching)German: jucken (to itch, to rub to relieve itching)

176. Czech: chřadnout (to pine away)

- English: great- German: gross (big,

great)Swedish: försmäkta (to pine

Slovak: krásny (beautiful)

32

away) Danish: smuk (beautiful)177. MBCS: ciepati (to cleave: to

split)

Dutch: klieven (to cleave: to split)

Slovak: pučať (to bud: to begin to grow)

German: welken (to wilt, fade)178. Russian: načinat’ (to begin)

English: to begin- English: can- MBCS: mogu (I can)

MBCS: načiniti (to make)

English: to make179. Russian: čislo (number)

MBCS: broy (number)- MBCS: prati (to wash)

MBCS: čist (clean)

Russian: opriatny (clean)180. English: clean

Lithuanian: švarus (clean)

MBCS: zaklin'ati se (to swear an oath)German: schwören (to swear an oath)

181. English: coolMBCS: zima (cold)

- English: seam - Russian: šov (seam)

English: to call

MBCS: zovem (I call)182. English: to cripple

- Russian: greben (ridge)- Deutsch: Rücken (ridge)

Danish: lamme (to cripple)MBCS: sakatiti (to cripple)

Czech: říkat (to say)Czech: mluvit (to speak)Swedish: säga (to say)

183. English: to cutEnglish: to slit

German: gut (good)MBCS: zlot’a (viciousness)

D

184. Swedish: dag (day)MBCS: dan (day)

Dutch: dik (thick)German: dünn (thin)

185. Swedish: dag (day) Polish: godzina (time)

33

Slovenian: dan (day) English: time186. English: to dangle

Slovenian: viseti (to dangle)- English: wise- MBCS: mudar (wise)

German: denken (to think)

Russian: dumat’ (to think)187. MBCS: daš (you give)

German: geben (to give)

English: to dash (to run or move very quickly or hastily)Russian: begat’ (to run)

188. MBCS: dati (to give)English: to give

MBCS: izdati (to betray)English: to give away (to betray)

189. Lithuanian: dauba (a dip in the ground)Polish: kotlina (a dip in the ground)

MBCS: dobar (good)

German: gut (good)190. English: deaf

MBCS: gluv (deaf)German: doof (daft, dumb)MBCS: glup (stupid, foolish, silly)

191. German: decken (to cover)MBCS: pokrivati (to cover)

English: to digDanish: grave (to dig)

192. English: deepMBCS: plitak (shallow)

- English: field- MBCS: pol’e (field)

Slovenian: dober (good)

MBCS: bol’e (better), English: well

193. Dutch: bederven (to decay)

Russian: gnit‘(to decay)

MBCS: truo (rotten)

English: to drive (to force or urge along)Russian: gnat’ (to force or urge along)MBCS: terati (to force or urge along)

194. German: (be)dienen (to serve, wait)Dutch: (be)dienen (to serve, wait)

Swedish: tänja (ut) (to stretch)

Russian: tianut’ (sia) (to stretch)

34

Slovenian: streči (to serve, wait) English: to stretch195. German: Diener (servant)

- German: dehnen (to stretch)

- Swedish: sträcka (to stretch)

Czech: sluha (servant)English: to strikeOld.Saxon: slahan (to strike, beat)

196. English: to dig

Old.Slavic: greti (to dig)

Dutch: (be)dekken (to cover, to hide)MBCS: (po)kriti (to cover, to hide)

197. Swedish: dimma (fog), MBCS: dim (smoke)English: hazy (somewhat foggy, misty, or smoky)

Russian: dom (house)

English: house198. MBCS: dirati (to touch)

English: to touchEnglish: to readSlovenian: čitati (to read)

199. English: dirtLithuanian: purvas (dirt)Polish: brud (dirt)

MBCS: roditi (to give birth)English: to bear (to give birth)English: birth

200. MBCS: dnevno (daily)MBCS: not’ (night)

Dutch: vinden (to find)MBCS: nat’i (to find)

201. English: to doMBCS: činiti (to do)

- MBCS: počin’ati (to be-gin)

- English: to begin

English: to die

MBCS: poginuti (to be killed)202. MBCS: doba (time)

Ukrainian: godina (time)Ukrainian: pora (time)Russian: vremia

- MBCS: breme (burden)- English: burden

MBCS: dobar (good)English: goodSwedish: bra (good)

35

- Norwegian: bør MBCS: viek (century)

- English: awake- Slovenian: buden

(awake)German: Weile (while)

Swedish: bra (good)

English: badEnglish: well

203. MBCS: dobar (good)English: badSwedish: bra (good)

English: topGerman: Boden (bottom)MBCS: vrh (peak)

204. Slovenian: dober (good)MBCS: bol'e (better)

German: Dieb (thief)MBCS: lopov (thief)

205. English: dog, duckMBCS: pas (dog), patak (duck)

English: good

German: böse (bad), English: bad

206. Old.English: þolian (to suffer)MBCS: patiti (to suffer)

- MBCS: bieda (need, poverty)

- English: need

Slovak: dolu (down)

Norwegian: nede (down)207. English: door

- English: to dare- German: sich trauen (to

dare)Slovenian: vrata (door)

English: treeSlovenian: drevo (tree)

208. Russian: dom (house)English: hut

Old.High.German: muot (ghost)MBCS: duh (ghost)

209. Russian: doroga (street, road)English: road

Russian: dorogy (dear)English: dear

210. MBCS: drvo (wood)

English: wood

English: to drive (to force or urge along)

Slovenian: voditi (to force or urge along)

36

211. MBCS: drag (dear)Czech: milý (dear)

- Czech: milovat (to love)- MBCS: voliti (to love)

English: to drag

English: to pull212. English: to drag

English: to haul (to draw slowly or heavily)

English: to pull

Slovenian: vleči (to pull, drag)Swedish: dra (to draw, drag)

Danish: græde (to weep)

German: heulen (to howl: to weep noisily)Swedish: böla (to bawl: to cry loudly)Russian: plač (weeping)Latvian: raudāt (to weep), MBCS: ridati (to sob)

213. MBCS: drag (beloved)

Czech: milovaný (beloved)

German: geliebt (beloved)

Danish: stryge (to pet: to stroke or caress)MBCS: milovati (to stroke, to carres)Slovenian: ljubkovati (to pet)

214. English: dreamDanish: sove (to sleep)

- Old.Slavic: sovati (to shove)

- English: to shove

German: Mord (murder)

Slovenian: živeti (to live)215. German: Dreck (dirt, mud)

English: mud

English: marsh

Slovenian: mul' (slime, mud)

English: mud

English: darkCzech: mdly(dull, not bright and clear)Russian: mrachny (dark, murky)Swedish: mulen (dull, not bright and clear)German: matt (matte, dim, faint)

216. German: Dreck (dirt, mud)Danish: mudder (dirt, mud)

English: darkMBCS: tama (darkness), tmuran (dark)

37

217. Dutch: dreigen (to threaten)MBCS: prietiti (to threaten)

Russian: drug (friend)Czech: přítel (friend)

218. English: to dripMBCS: kapati (to drip)Polish: kropla (drop)

MBCS: brdo (hillDanish: bakke (hill)German: Berg (hill)

219. MBCS: drug (comrade, companion)

German: Genosse (comrade, companion)

Dutch: dragen (to carry, to wear)

Slovenian: nositi (to carry, to wear)

220. Russian: drožat' (to shake)English: to shake

MBCS: tražiti (to search)Polish: szukać (to search)

221. English: drumMBCS: buban’ (drum)

MBCS: drmati se (to shake)German: beben (to shake)

222. English: duckMBCS: patak (duck)

English: to digMBCS: kopati (to dig) (transposition)

223. German: Duft (smell, scent)Czech: puch (smell)Slovenian: vohati (to smell)MBCS: zadah (smell, scent)

MBCS: duvati (to blow)Slovenian: pihati (to blow)MBCS: puhati (to blow)MBCS: duhati (to blow)

224. MBCS: duh (ghost, spirit, mind)German: Geist (ghost, spirit, mind)

German: dicht (dense, thick)

Slovenian: gost (dense, thick)225. MBCS: duh (ghost)

German: Geist (ghost)- German: Kost (food)- Old.Slavic: pišta (food)

English: soul- English: to loose (to

free)- MBCS: sloboda

(freedom)

MBCS: duhati (to blow)

Danish: puste (to blow)

German: blasen (to blow)226. MBCS: duh (ghost) Danish: hade (to hate)

38

German: Geist (ghost)- German: küsst (kisses)- MBCS: l'ubi (kisses)

English: soulGerman: Liebe (love)Czech: láska (love)

227. MBCS: duh (ghost)

MBCS: duša (soul)

Slovenian: duša (soul)

Dutch: spook (ghost)


Slovenian: utihniti (to stop (s.b) speaking)Slovenian: utišati (to stop (s.b) speaking)MBCS: ušutkati (to stop s.b speaking)Dutch: (doen) zwijgen (to stop (s.b) speaking)English: to speak

228. MBCS: duh (ghost)- German: Dach (roof)- Swedish: tak (roof)

MBCS: duša (soul)


Swedish: tiga (to hold ones tonge)MBCS: šutieti (to hold ones tonge)Dutch: zwijgen (to hold ones tonge)

229. MBCS: duh (ghost)German: Geist (ghost)Dutch: ziel (soul)English: soul

Slovenian: hudoben (bad, evil)German: gut (good)Slovak: zlý (bad, evil, ill)MBCS: loš (bad, evil, ill)

230. Dutch: duim (thumb)

MBCS: palac (thumb)

English: dim (lacking in light; not bright)English: blek (pale: (of light) lacking in intensity or brightness; dim or feeble)

231. German: dunkel (dark, dim)English: dim (badly lit)

German: denken (to think)Russian: dumat’ (to think)

232. German: dürfen (be allowed ) English: to drive (to force or urge along )

39

Danish: måtte (be allowed)- Swedish: måtte (must: to

have to)- English: must- MBCS: mast (fat)- Dutch: vet (fat)- English: water- MBCS: voda (water) Slovenian: voditi (to force or

urge along )233. English: dust

Slovenian: prah (dust)- German: brechen (to

break)- Danish: bryde (to break)

German: Staub (dust)- German: taub (deaf)- MBCS: tup (stupid,

dumb)- German: dumm (stupid,

dumb)

MBCS: disati (to breathe)

English: to breathe

Dutch: ademen (to breathe)234. German: düster (dark, dim)

MBCS: taman (dark, dim)MBCS: disati (to breathe)German: atmen (to breathe)

235. Old.Slavic: dušti (daughter)Polish: córka (daughter)MBCS: sin (son)

Czech: toužit (to yearn)Old.English: giorna (to yearn)German: sich sehnen (to yearn)

E

236. Swedish: eld (fire)Russian: ogon‘ (fire)Polish: ogień (fire)Danish: ild (fire)English: smolderEnglish: to roast

English: oldSwedish: gammal (old)Danish: ung (young)Swedish: liten (young)MBCS: mlad (young)Slovenian: star (old)

40

237. English: endMBCS: završiti (to finish s.th)MBCS: početi (to begin)

English: to begin- German: Kinn(chin)- MBCS: podbradak

(chin)

Slovenian: dno (bottom)Russian: veršina (peak)English: peak, Swedish: backe (hill)

MBCS: brdo (hill)238. Old.English: ened (duck)

MBCS: patka (duck)English: duck

- Danish: tag (roof)- German: Dach (roof)

MBCS: patka (duck)- English: to bathe- MBCS: prati (to bathe)

Danish: ånde (to breathe)Danish: puste (to breathe)

Slovenian: dihati (to breathe)

English: to breathe239. German: eng (narrow)

German: breit (broad, wide)MBCS: širok (broad, wide)German: weit (broad, wide)

- German: wetten (to bet) - English: to bet

German: breit (broad, wide)- MBCS: prut (rod)- English: rod

German: Angst (anxiety, fear)English: fright (sudden fear)Dutch: schrik (fright)

Czech: bát se (to fear)

Norwegian: være redd (to fear)240. German: eng (narrow)

English: wide- Danish: vide (to know)- German: wissen (to

know)

English: to hang

Slovenian: viseti (to hang)

F

241. German: fahren (to drive a

41

vehicle)Latvian: vadīt (to drive a vehicle)Slovenian: voziti (to drive a vehicle)

German: führen (to lead)

MBCS: voditi (to lead)

Russian: vesti (to lead)242. German: fahren (to drive or ride

in a vehicle)Slovenian: voziti (to drive or ride in a vehicle)

German: Gefahr (danger)

MBCS: opasan (dangerous)243. MBCS: faliti (to be missing)

- MBCS: voliti (to love)- German: lieben (to love)

English: to be missing- German: müssen (must)- Danish: måtte (must)

English: lip

English: mouth244. German: Fall (fall)

MBCS: pad (fall)German: Anfall (attack, fit)MBCS: napad (attack, fit)

245. German: Fall (fall)MBCS: pad (fall)

Slovenian: bel (white)Danish: hvid (white)

246. German: fallen (to fall)MBCS: peti se (to rise, climb)Dutch: storten (to fall)

German: faulen (to rot, decay)Latvian: pūt (to rot, decay)MBCS: strunuti (to rot, decay) (transposition)

247. German: fallen (to fall)

MBCS: padati (to fall)Danish: tabe (to drop: to let fall)English: to dropIcelandic: missa (to drop)German: purzeln (to tumble: to fall over)

German: gefallen (to please, be liked)Polish: podobać się (to be liked)Polish: podobać się (to be liked)Danish: bryde sig om (to like)Lithuanian: mėgti (to like)

Danish: bryde sig om (to like)248. German: faulen (to go bad, to

rot)Lithuanian: puti (to go bad, to

English: fall

42

rot) Cratian: pad (fall, drop)249. English: fawl

MBCS: pietao (cock, rooster)English: to fallMBCS: padao (fell, have fallen)

250. German: fegt (he sweeps)MBCS: mesti (to sweep)

Danish: fugte (to moisten)English: to moisten

251. Norwegian: fekte (to fence with swords)

MBCS: mačevati (to fence with swords)

Norwegian: fukte (to wet slightly)

MBCS: močiti (to wet)252. English: fell, has fallen

MBCS: padala (fell, has fallen)English: foolMBCS: budala (fool)

253. English: fieldOld.Slavic: vrutu ((plowed) field)

MBCS: plod (fruit)

English: fruit254. English: to find

English: to find- English: to wind- MBCS: sviti (to wind

toghther)- MBCS: osveta

(reveange)- Dutch: wraak (revenge)

German: Feind (enemy)

Russian: vrag (enemy)255. German: finden (to find)

MBCS: nalaziti (to find)

German: sich befinden (to be situated or located)MBCS:nalaziti se (to be situated or located)

256. English: fireMBCS: vatra (fire)

English: furPolish: futro (fur)

257. English: fire

MBCS: vatra (fire)

German: fahren (to drive (a vehicle))Latvian: vadīt (to drive (a vehicle))

258. English: fire Dutch: waar (true)

43

Swedish: brand (fire)

Czech: požár (fire)- English: to shear- Russian: rezat’ (to shear)

Polish: ogień (fire)- German: kennen (to

know)- Latvian: zināt (to know)

Polish: prawda (truth)(n-w difference)

Slovenian: resnica (truth)

Swedish: sann (true)259. English: fish

Slovenian: riba (fish)English: to washMBCS: ispirati (to wash out)

260. German: flehen (to plead)Danish: bede (to ask, beg)

German: fallen (to fall)MBCS: pad (fall)

261. English: fleshMBCS: meso (flesh, meat)MBCS: tielo (body)German: Leib (body)

English: to flashMBCS: sinuti (to shine, flash)German: lodern (to blaze)Lithuanian: liepsna (blaze), Icelandic: leiftur (flash)

262. German: Fliege (fly)German: Mücke (mosquito, midge, gnat)

MBCS: vlaga (dampness)

Slovenian: moker (wet)263. Swedish: fluga (insect fly)

Latvian: muša, Slovak: mucha (insect fly)

Swedish: plåga (to torture)

Slovenian: mučiti (to torture)264. German: fliessen (to flow)

MBCS: teći

German: beeinflussen (to influence)MBCS: uticati (to influence)

265. English: to flowMBCS: teći (to flow)

English: to fleeMBCS: uteći (to flee)

266. Danish: fod (foot)Slovenian: ruka (arm and hand)

English: foodMBCS: ručak (lunch)

267. Swedish: föda (to give birth)English: to bear (to give birth)

German: Feder (feather)Slovenian: pero (feather)

268. Swedish: föda (to give birth) MBCS: padati (to fall)

44

Slovenian: roditi (to give birth)- German: reden (to spak,

talk)- Old.Slavic: rešti (to say,

tell) English: to rise269. English: to follow

MBCS: voditi (to lead)- German: wetten (to bet)- English: to bet

English: to fall

MBCS: padati (to fall), peti se (to raise, to climb)

270. English: footMBCS: peta (heel)

Danish: fattig (poor)Slovenian: bedny (poor)

271. German: folgen (to follow)Gothic: laistjan (to follow)

German: fliegen (to fly)Slovenian: leteti (to fly)

272. Icelandic: föt (clothes)Slovak: odev (clothes)

Slovenian: vaditi (to practise)Swedish: utöva (to practise)

273. Czech: foukat (to blow: to drive air)Danish: puste (to blow: to drive air)

- MBCS: pušete (you blow)

German: fegen (to sweep)

Swedish: sopa (to sweep)274. Old.High.German: frăhēn (to

ask question)

MBCS: pitati (to ask question)

Polish: procha (begging) (dialectal)German: betteln (to beg)

275. German: fremd (foreign, strange, alien)MBCS: tud’ (foreign, strange)

MBCS: vrieme (time)Swedish: tid (time)

276. German: Freude (joy)Russian: radost' (joy)

- Old.High.German: rad (speedy, fast)

- Old.Norse: hrađr

Swedish: vrida (to turn, revolve)German: Rad (wheel)

45

(speedy, fast)- English: hard- MBCS: krut (hard, stiff) MBCS: okret (turn, revolution)

277. German: Friede (peace)MBCS: rat (war)

MBCS: prut (rod, staff)German: Rute (rod)

278. English: friend

MBCS: priatel' (friend)- Middle.Low.German:

wortel (root)- Old.Saxon: wurt (root,

herb)

MBCS: braniti se (to defend o.s)

German: wehrt sich (one defends o.s)

279. English: fright (a sudden fear)Czech: bát se (to fear)

MBCS: boyati se (to fear)MBCS: strašiti (to frighten)Russian: opasat' sia (to fear)

English: fightMBCS: bitka, Czech: bitva (battle, fight)MBCS: boy (battle)Swedish: strida (battle)Czech: zápasit (to battle, fight)

280. German: Frucht (fruit)MBCS: bil'a (plant), bil’e (herbage)MBCS: plod (fruit)

- Slovenian: bled (pale)- English: pale

German: Furcht (fear, fright)

Czech: bál se (has feared)

Czech: bál se (has feared)281. English: to fruit (to produce

fruit)Polish: owocować (to produce fruit)Czech: rodit (to produce fruit)

- Swedish: råd (advice)- German: Rat (advice)

German: Frucht (fruit)- German: Furcht (to fear)

Danish: fred (peace)

Old.Norse:vega (to fight)

MBCS: rat (war)

46

- Czech: bát se (to fear)Slovenian: plod (fruit)

- Slovenian: bled (pale)- Swedish: blek (pale)

Czech: bít se (to fight)

Polish: walka (war, fight)282. English: fruit

English: weedMBCS: bil’e (plants)

- Russian: bel (white)- Swedish: vit (white)

German: breit (broad, wide)English: wide

German: weit (wide)283. German: führen (to lead)

MBCS: voditi (to lead)- German: wetten (to bet)- English: to bet

English: to fear

Czech: bát se (to fear)284. German: führen (to lead)

MBCS: voditi (to lead)English: furyGerman: Wut (fury)

285. Old.High.German: fulma (hand)MBCS: prst (finger)

- German: Forst (forest)- Russian: bor (forest)

Ukrainian: vel'mi (very)

English: very286. English: fury (very great anger)

English: angerSlovenian: bes (fury), MBCS: bies (anger)Danish: vrede (anger)German: Wut (fury)


English: fearGerman: Angst (anxiety, fear)

Russian: opasat' sia (to fear)Dutch: vrezen (to fear)

Czech: bát se (to fear)

G

287. Swedish: gadd (sting)Slovenian: bodica (sting)Danish: brod (sting)Russian: žalo (sting)

English: goodEnglish: badMBCS: dobro (good)MBCS: loš (bad, evil)

47

German: Stachel (sting) Dutch: slecht (bad, evil)288. German: gaffen (to gape)

Russian: zevat’ (to gape)Lithuanian: gyventi (to live)Slovenian: živeti (to live)

289. Old.Frisian: gat (hole, opening)MBCS: rupa (hole)

German: gut (good)Swedish: bra (good)

290. English: to gather (to collect) MBCS: (s)kupiti (to gather, collect)

- MBCS: kupati (to bathe)- German: baden (to

bathe)Slovenian: zbrati (se)(to gather)Danish: samle (sig) (to gather, collect)Swedish: samla(s) (to gather, collect)

- MBCS: zeml’a (soil, ground, land)

- German: Boden (soil, ground, land)

German: gut (good)

English: badSwedish: bra (good)

Danish: slem (bad)

Middle.Dutch: slim (bad)

English: bad291. Swedish: ge (to give)

MBCS: dati (to give)Swedish: gå(to go)Russian: idti (to go)

292. Old.English: gēar (year)Slovak: hodina (hour, time)

Russian: god (year)

English: goerMBCS: hodan’e (going on foot)English: gait

293. German: geben (to give)

MBCS: dati (to give)

German: sich ergeben (to surrender, yield, capitulate)MBCS: predati se (to surrender, yield, capitulate)

294. Icelandic: gefa (to give)Slovenian: dati (to give)

Danish: gifte sig (to marry to)MBCS: udati se(to marry to)

295. Old.English: geong (young)English: old

German: Gang (walk, gait)Old.Norse: lída (to go (away))

48

Russian: star- German: sterben (to die)- English: to die Russian: idti (to go)

296. German: Gier (greed, lust, cupidity)MBCS: pohota (lust, cupidity)Dutch: begeren (to desire, crave)

English: to crave (to lust)German: Lust (desire, lust)

Slovenian: greti (to heat)Swedish: upphetta (to heat)

MBCS: pogriyati (to warm up)Russian: sogrevat’ (to warm up)MBCS: ložiti (to fire up, feed a furnace)

297. German: giessen (to pour)English: to pour

German: vergessen (to forget)MBCS: zaboraviti (to forget)

298. Old.Saxon: ginon (to yawn)Old.Slavic: zinoti (to yawn)

German: kennen (to know)Latvian: zinat (to know)

299. English: to giveMBCS: davati (to give)Russian: brat' (to take)English: to take

German: Vogel (bird)English: doveEnglish: birdSlovak: vták (bird)

300. Gothic: giutan (to pour, shed, spill)German: giessen (to pour, shed)English: to spillCratian: sipati (to pour)

MBCS: gutati (to swallow)Ukrainian: kusati (to bite)English: to swallowGerman: beissen (to bite)

301. English: to begin

Russian: načinat' (to begin)

MBCS: poginuti (to die in an accident or battle)German: umkommen (to die in an accident or battle)

302. English: glad (pleased or happy)Czech: rád (glad: pleased or happy)

- MBCS: radost (joy)

MBCS: glad (hunger)

German: Durst (thirst)303. MBCS: glad (hunger)

Russian: pit’ (to drink)MBCS: kladiti se (to bet)English: to bet

49

304. MBCS: glad (hunger)Czech: polykat (to swallow)

Slovenian: gledati (to look at)English: to look at

305. Danish: glæde (joy: great happiness)Norwegian: lykke (joy: great happiness )

Russian: glotat (to swallow)

Polish: przełykać (to swallow)306. Norwegian: glede (to please)

MBCS: ugoditi (to please)Polish: zadowalać (to please)Old.English: lician (to please)

Russian: glotat (to swallow)MBCS: gutati (to swallow)English: to swallowPolish: przełykać (to swallow)

307. English: to glisten, glitterMBCS: sjati (to glitter, glisten, shine)English: to shine

MBCS: gledati (to look at)

Icelandic: sjá (to see)German: schauen (to look at, to see)

308. English: to gloat (to rejoice)MBCS: likovati (to rejoice)

MBCS: gledati (to look at)English: to look at

309. Swedish: glöda (to glow)Slovenian: žarenje (glowing)

Croatioan: glad (hunger)Czech: žízeň (thirst) (r-z difference)

310. Swedish: glöda (to glow)MBCS: siyati se (to glow)

- English: to say- German: sagt (he says)

Czech: zářit (to glow)

English: to glow

Slovenian: gledati (to look at)

Swedish: sikt (sight)MBCS: zuriti (to glower, gloat, gape, gaze, peer, stare)English: to glower (to look at with a fixed gaze)

311. German: glotzen (to stare)English: to peer (to stare)

- MBCS: prati (to wash)- MBCS: spirati (to wash

away)

MBCS: zakleti se (to swear)

English: to swear312. Swedish: gnälla (to whimper) MBCS: gn’iliti (to rot)

50

English: to pule (to whimper)Icelandic: væla, Slovenian: cviliti (to whine)German: weinen (to weep, cry)Latvian: raudāt (to cry, weep), MBCS: ridati (to sob, blubberr)Swedish: gråta (to cry, weep)

- English: great- German: gross (great)- Russian: krasny (red)- German: rot (red)

German: Träne (tear(drop))English: tearRussian: plakat’ (to weep, cry)

- Swedish: blek (pale)- English: pale- German: fahl (pale)

MBCS: plakati (to weep, cry)- Swedish: blek (pale)- English: pale- Russian: pal (fell)- English: to fall

Swedish: gny (to whimper)Slovenian: jokati (to cry)

- German: jagen (to hunt, drive)

- MBCS: tierati (to drive, hunt)

- English: to huntCzech: roniti (to weep, cry)Polish: płakać (to weep, cry)

- Swedish: blek (pale)- English: pale- Russian: bel (white)

German: faulen: to rot

German: faulen: to rotIcelandic: fúna (to rot)

English: to rot

English: to rotMBCS: trunuti (to rot)English: to rot

German: faulen (to rot)

German: faulen (to rot)Russian: gnit', gnoit'(to rot)

English: to rotCzech: hnít (to rot)Dutch: rotten (to rot)

German: verwesen (to rot,

51

- German: weiss (white)

German: wimmern (to whimper)

- MBCS: vime (udder)- German: Euter (udder)- German: Rute (rod)

Czech: brečet (to cry, weep)- English: to break- Swedish: bryta (to

break)- MBCS: prut (rod)- German: Rute (rod)

MBCS: dreka (shouting, outcry)- German: Dreck (dirt)- Danish: mudder (dirt.

mud)

Dutch: kreet (shout)- MBCS: kriti (to hide)- English: hide (skin)- German: Haut (hide,

skin)- German: häuten (to skin)

Dutch: reopen (to shout)- English: to rip (to tear)- English: to tear

decay)

English: to rot

English: to rot

German: modern (to rot), vermodern (to moulder, decay)

Czech: hnít (to rot)

English: to rot

313. English: to goGerman: kommen (to come)German: reisen (to travel)German: rennen (to run)MBCS: putovati (to travel)German: sich bewegen

MBCS: gayiti (to grow, raise)Russian: kormit' (to feed)Slovenian: rasti (grow)Slovenian: hraniti (to feed)Russian: pitat' (to feed)German: wachsen (to grow)

314. English: god English: to dig

52

MBCS: bog (god)Danish: grave (to dig)

MBCS: kopati (to dig)MBCS: vrag (devil)

315. English: godMBCS: bog (god)

English: to dig (to poke)English: to poke

316. English: goldMBCS: zlato (gold)

English: to glideEnglish: to slide

317. MBCS: golem (big, great)English: big

MBCS: galama (shouting)MBCS: vika (shouting)

318. MBCS: goriti (to burn)MBCS: paliti (to burn s.th)German: brennen (to burn (s.th))English: fires

MBCS: gore (worse)MBCS: bol'e (better)

Swedish: bra (good)English: worse

319. MBCS: goriti (to burn)

MBCS: vatra (fire)Dutch: vuur (fire)

- Dutch: waar (true)- Danish: sand (true)

Old.High.German: garto (garden)Slovenian: vrt (garden)

Russian: sad (garden)320. MBCS: goriti (to burn)

English: to burnGerman: küren (to elect)MBCS: biran’e (election)

321. German: graben (to dig)MBCS: kopati (to dig)

German: Berg (hill)Swedish: backe (hill)

322. MBCS: grad (town)- English: great- English: grand

Slovak: mesto (town)English: groundSlovak: zem (ground)

323. Swedish: gråta (to weep)English: to shout

- English: shade- MBCS: hlad (shade)

English: to shout- English: shadow- MBCS: sienka (shadow)

MBCS: goriti (to burn)

MBCS: hladno (cold)

English: to singe

53

Dutch: huilen (to cry, weep)Swedish: ropa (to cry (out), shout out)Russian: ridat' (to sob, cry)

- Slovenian: roditi (to bear)

- English: to bear, borneDutch: brullen (to bellow)Swedish: böla (to bellow)English: to call (to speak loudly)Russian: zvat' (to call)

Russian: holod (cold)

English: to burn

English: to burnMBCS: vrelo (very hot)MBCS: paliti (to burn s.th)English: coolEnglish: to sweat

324. Swedish: gråta (to weep, cry)- English: great- German: gross (great)

Latvian: raudāt (to weep, cry), MBCS: ridati (to sob)

Russian: krasny (red)

English: red325. MBCS: greda (board)

English: boardEnglish: to guardOld.Norse: vorðr (to guard)

326. English: greyMBCS: siv

English: to growDutch: wassen (to grow)

327. Latvian: grīda (floor)Danish: gulv (floor)

Danish: græde (to weep)MBCS: plakati (to weep)

328. Latvian: grīda (floor)Danish: gulv (floor)

English: to dragPolish: wlec (to drag)

329. MBCS: gristi (to bite)English: to bite

MBCS: krasti (to steal)German: Dieb (thief)

330. Swedish: gröda (crop)Czech: úroda (crop)

Danish: græde (to weep, cry)Latvian: raudāt (to weep, cry)

331. German: gross (great, big, tall)MBCS: visok (tall, lanky, high)

MBCS: gristi (to bite)German: beissen (to bite)

332. German: gross (big, great)- Russian: krasny (red)- English: red- MBCS: rod (relatives) MBCS: narod (peoples, nation,

54

MBCS: velik (big, great)

English: great- Icelandic: gráta (to

weep)- Latvian: raudāt (to

weep)

masses)German: Volk (people, nation, masses)

Slovenian: narod (peoples, nation, masses)

333. English: groundEnglish: soil

English: greenMBCS: zelen (green)

334. German: Grund (ground, land, soil)MBCS: zeml’a (ground, land, soil)MBCS: glina (clay)English: landCroatoan: tlo (soil, earth, ground)

English: great

English: smallGerman: klein (small)Russian: dliny (long)

Czech: dlouhý (long)335. English: to grow

MBCS: rasti (to grow)Slovenian: rasti (to grow)

- English: to rest- German: Ruhe (rest)- German: Reihe (row:

line)- MBCS: red (row: line)

Old.English: growan (green)Russian: krasny (red)

English: red336. English: to grow

Danish: vokse (to grow)Russian: verh (peak)English: peaks

337. English: grows

Danish: vokse (to grow)

German: gross (great, tall, higher then normal)MBCS: visok (tall, high)

338. Latvian: grūst (to push)Norwegian: skyve (to push)

Norwegian: grøsse (to shudder)Danish: skælve (to shudder)

55

English: to drag

Slovak: vraziť (to shove)

Polish: wzdrygnąć się (to shudder)Swedish: rysa (to shudder)

339. English: to guardMBCS: paziti (to guard)

English: to girdMBCS: opasati (to gird)

H

340. Dutch: haat (hate)

Russian: nenavist (hate)

Slovenian: hiter (fast: quick-moving)English: fast (quick-moving)

341. German: haben (to have)

Czech: mít (to have)- English: mouth - Russian: rot (mouth) - German: ruht (rests)- English: to rest

Czech: mít (to have)- English: mouth- MBCS: usta (mouth)

Czech: mít (to have) - Russian: mit’ (to bathe)- German: baden (to bathe)

German: sich heben (to rise: to move upward), sich erheben (to rise: to stand up)

MBCS: rasti (to rise: to increase)

MBCS: ustati (to rise: to stand up,to get up from bed)

MBCS: padati (to fall), peti se (to rise: to move upwards)

342. German: Inhaber (owner, holder)

Slovak: mat’ (to have, own)

MBCS: hrabar (brave, courageous)German: Mut (courage, pluck)

343. German: Hagel (hail)MBCS: grad (hail)

German: Hügel (hill)Russian: gruda (hill)

344. German: hager (gaunt, thin) Danish: behage (to please)

56

Russian: toščy (gaunt, thin)Danish: tyk (thick)Norwegian: tykk (thick)German: weit (wide)

- Dutch: weten (to know)- German: wissen (to know)

Dutch: breed (broad, wide)

Czech: potěšit (to please)Lithuanian: įtikti (to please)MBCS: ugoditi (to please)

Slovenian: veseliti (to please)German: zufrieden stellen (to please: to give satisfaction)

345. English: hairMBCS: kosa (hairs)

English: to hurlEnglish: to cast

346. English: hairLithuanian: širys (hair)

English: to hurryMBCS: žuriti (to hurry, rush)

347. English: hair- English: hare- German: Hase (hare)

Lithuanian: plaukas (hair)Russian: šerst’ (hair)

Old.English: hasu (grey)Latvian: pelēks (grey)Polish: szary (grey)

348. Swedish: hålla (to hold)Russian: deržat‘(to hold)

English: to haulEnglish: to drag (g-ž palatalization)

349. German: hallen (to echo)

MBCS: odyek (echo)

German: heulen (to howl, bawl)MBCS: yaukati (to howl, cry)

350. German: Hals (throat)Polish: gardło (throat)

English: he hauls (he drags)Russian: to drag

351. German: halten (to hold)

MBCS: držati (to hold)

German: aushalten (to bear, stand, endure)MBCS: izdržati (to bear, stand, endure)

352. German: halten (to hold)

MBCS: držati (to hold)

German: sich enthalten (to abstain from s.th)MBCS: suzdržati se (to abstain from s.th)

353. German: Hand (hand) German: Hund (dog, hound)

57

MBCS: ruka (hand) MBCS: ker (dog)354. English: to hang s.th

Slovenian: obesiti (to hang s.th)German: Hund (dog, hound)Slovenian: pes (dog, hound)

355. English: happy (joyful, glad)- MBCS: puhati (to blow)- MBCS: duhati (to blow)

German: froh (joyful, glad, happy)

- German: Freude (joy, delight)

Slovenian: dihati (to breathe)

English: to breathe356. English: happy (joyful, glad)

- English: heap- Slovenian: kup (heap)


Polish: rad (happy, glad)- English: rod- MBCS: prut (rod)

Slovenian: vesel (happy, joyous)

MBCS: kupati (to bathe)

MBCS: prah (I bathed, washed)

MBCS: prati (to bathe, wash)Dutch: wassen (to bathe, wash)

357. English: happy (joyful, glad)- MBCS: puhati (to blow)- MBCS: duhati (to blow)


- German: Freude (joy, delight)

Polish: rad (happy, glad)- Danish: redde (to rescue)- Slovenian: rešiti (to resue) - Old.Slavic: rešti (to say) - Czech: říkat (to say)

Czech: veselý (happy, joyful)

MBCS: zadah (odour)

Old.English: bræð (odour)

English: to reek (to smell badly)

58

- German: wissen (to know)- Czech: vědět (to know)- MBCS: duvati (to blow)

Slovenian: vesel (happy, joyous)- Dutch: wassen (to wash)- MBCS: prati (to wash)

German: Duft (smell, scent)

Old.English: bræð (odour)358. English: hare

MBCS: zeko (hare)- German: Ziege ((nanny-)

goat)- South.German: Geiss

((nanny-)goat, doe)

English: hair

MBCS: kosa (hair)359. Swedish: häst (horse)

Dutch: paard (horse)- English: broad- German: breit (broad)- MBCS: prati (to wash)- MBCS: praše (they

washed)- MBCS: prase (piglet)

Czech: házet (to cast, throw)

Russian: brosat’ (to cast, throw)360. German: hat (has)

Czech: mít (to have)- MBCS: motati (to wind

(up))- English: to wind

Russian: hotet (to want)

English: to want361. English: to hate

MBCS: voliti (to love)German: lieben (to love)

Slovenian: hudoben (evil, bad, wicked, cruel)English: wellMBCS: bol'e (better)

362. Dutch: haten (to hate)

Slovak: nenávidieť (to hate)

German: heiter (serene: (about weather) clear and fine)MBCS: vedro (serene: (about weather) clear and fine)

363. English: to hate German: hetzen (to chase)

59

MBCS: voliti (to love) MBCS: loviti (to chase, hunt) 364. Herman: hassen

- German: Hase (hare)- English: hare

Russian: nenavidet' (to hate)German: hören (to hear)Russian: videt' (to see)

365. English: has hauledMBCS: vući (to pull, haul)

Russian: holod (cold)MBCS: vruće (hot)

366. German: Haupt (head)

Slovenian: glava (head)

German: haften (to stick to, adhere)Dutch: kleven, Russian: prikleivat’ sia (to stick to, adhere)

367. German: Haut (skin, hide)German: Fell (fur, skin, fell)

Russian: hotet’ (to want)German: wollen (to want)

368. English: haze (a thin mist )Russian: dimka (haze)

English: houseRussian: dom (house)

369. Czech: házet (to throw, cast)Russian: kidat’ (to throw, cast)Slovenian: vreči (to throw)

German: heiss (hot)Dutch: koud (cold)Slovenian: vroče (hot)

370. English: to haul (to drag, draw)

Lithuanian: vilkt (to haul, drag, draw )

Dutch: huilen (to howl, weep, cry)

MBCS: plakati (to weep, cry)371. English: head

Russian: golova (head)MBCS: glava (head)

Danish: hed (hot)English: coolEnglish: to glow

372. English: healthRussian: zdorovy (in good health)

German: halten (to hold)Russian: deržat‘ (to hold)

373. English: heaven

MBCS: nebo (heaven)

German: sich heben (to rise, go up)MBCS: pen'ati se (to ascend, rise, go up)

374. German: sich heben (to rise, go up, lift) German: haben (to have)

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German: steigen (to rise, go up) MBCS: steći (to gain, get, win, obtain)

375. Low.German: heben (heaven, sky)German: Himmel (heaven, sky)

German: haben (to have)Russian: imel (had, have had)

376. Low.German: heben (heaven, sky)

Swedish: sky (sky)

Dutch: lucht, Czech: obloha (sky)

Danish: hoppe (to hop, jump, leap)MBCS: skok (hop, jump, leap)Latvian: lēkt (to hop, jump, leap)

377. Danish: hede (to heat)MBCS: griyati (to heat)

English: to hideMBCS: kriti (to hide)

378. English: heelEnglish: leg

English: to healMBCS: liek (medicine)

379. German: Held (hero)MBCS: yunak (hero)

English: oldEnglish: young

380. German: hell (light, bright, pale)Slovenian: bel (white)

English: health MBCS: bolest (disease, sicknes)

381. German: hell (light, bright)MBCS: svietao (light, bright)

German: heilig(holy)Slovenian: svet (holy)

382. English: to help

MBCS: pomot’ (help)

Czech: hloupý (stupid, dumb, doof, silly)MBCS: pamet (cleverness, intellect)

383. English: to helpSlovenian: pomagati (to help)

- MBCS: mokar (wet)- English: wet- Dutch: weten (to know)- German: weit (wide)- Swedish: bred (broad,

wide)

Russian: hleb (bread)

English: bread384. German: Henne (hen)

MBCS: kočka (hen)German: Hund (dog)MBCS: kuče (young dog)

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385. English: to hideMBCS: kriti (to hide)

MBCS: hodati (to go on foot)MBCS: kretati se (to move)

386. English: hillRussian: gruda (hill)

English: hailRussian: grad (hail)

387. Czech: hledět (to look at)English: to look atEnglish: to hear

- English: hare- German: Hase (hare)

MBCS: slušati (to hear)- Polish: ślizgać się (to slide,

glide)- English: to glide

Ukraianian: chuty (to hear)

Slovenian: hladen (cold)Dutch: koel (cool)Czech: hořet (to burn)

German: heiss (hot)

Swedish: glöda (to glow)Dutch: koud (cold) (k-tch palatalization)

388. Slovak: hodina (time)English: time

English: hut, houseRussian: dom (house)

389. German: Höhe (height)Russian: visota (height)

Old.Saxon: hāhan (to hang)Russian: viset' (to hang)

390. Dutch: hol (hollow)

Russian: poly (hollow)

English: to haul (to pull with great effort)English: to pull

391. English: to holdDutch: houden (to hold)English: to hold

- Czech: hledět (to look at)- Slovenian: gledati (to look

at)Russian: deržat’ (to hold)

- Dutch: dragen (to carry, wear)

- English: to wear

MBCS: hladno (cold)Danish: hed (hot)

Swedish: glöda (to glow)

Dutch: vuur (fire)392. English: to hold

Russian: deržat’ (to hold)Czech: hledět (to look at)

62

- Dutch: dragen (to carry, wear)

- Dutch: droog (dry)- Slovenian: suh (dry) German: Sicht (sight, visibility,

view)393. English: hollow

MBCS: šupal' (hollow)

English: to haul (to draw slowly or heavily)German: schieben (to push, shove)

394. English: honeySlovenian: med (honey)

English: homeMBCS: dom (home)

395. English: to hopeMBCS: nadati se (to hope)

MBCS: puhati (to blow)Russian: dunut’ (to blow)

396. German: hören (to hear)

MBCS: čuti

German: aufhören (to stop, end, finish)MBCS: početi (to begin)

397. German: Hose (trousers)MBCS: gat’e (underpants)

English: houseMBCS: kut’a (house)

398. English: hotMBCS: mraz (frost)

English: to hateMBCS mrziti (to hate)

399. English: houseRussian: dom (house)

Slovak: odhadnúť (to assess)Swedish: bedöma (to assess)


Slovak: hodnotiť (to estimate)Swedish: bedöma (to estimate)


Czech: zhodnotit (to evaluate)Swedish: bedöma (to evaluate)

402. Czech: hora (hill)Norwegian: bakke (hill)

English: to hurlMBCS: baciti (to throw, cast)

403. Czech: hovor (chat, talk)

Swedish: språka (to chat)Dutch: spreken (to talk)

Swedish: hoppa (to hop, jump, leap, skip)

Russian: prigat’ (to hop, jump, leap, skip)

404. Slovenian: hraber (courageous,

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brave)- Old.English: hrof (roof)- MBCS: krov (roof)

English: bold (brave)Polish: krew (blood)Dutch: bloed (blood)

405. Slovenian: hraber (courageous, brave)Swedish: tapper (courageous, brave)

Russian: verh (peak)

Swedish: topp (peak)406. Old.English: hreowian (feel pain

or sorrow)Czech: bolet (to ache: to be in continuous pain)

Polish: krew (blood)

German: Blut (blood)407. German: hungern (to go hungry)

German: beissen (to bite)German: hängen (to hang)Slovenian: obesiti (to hang s.o)

408. English: hutMBCS: koliba (hut)

English: hotEnglish: cool

I

409. Danish: ild (fire)

Czech: požár (fire)

Slovenian: ogenj (fire)

German: eilt (he hurries, hastens)MBCS: požuriti (to hurry, hasten)Slovenian: priganjati (to hurry)

410. Danish: igen (against)German: wider (against)Slovak: proti (against)

Polish: ogień (fire)MBCS: vatra (fire)Swedish: brasa (fire)

411. MBCS: ime (name)English: name

MBCS: um (mind)Old.Norse: munr (mind)

412. German: immer (forever)German: ewig (eternal)

Lithuanian: imti (to take)English: to give

413. German: immer (forever)German: ewig (eternal)

MBCS: umirati (to die)Lithuanian: gyventi

414. Lithuanian: imti (to take) Slovenian: ime (name)

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Dutch: nemen (to take) English: name415. Lithuanian: imti (to take)

Dutch: nemen (to take)MBCS: um (mind, intelligence)Old.Norse: minni (mind)

J

416. German: jagen (to chase, drive)MBCS: terati (to chase, drive)

MBCS: yahati (to ride)German: reiten (to ride)

417. German: jagen (to chase, drive)English: to chase

- Russian: čas (an hour)- MBCS: sat (an hour)

Slovenian: jug (south)

English: south418. German: jagen (to hunt)

MBCS: loviti (to hunt)

MBCS: tierati (to hunt, drive)- German: rot (red)- English: red- MBCS: roda (stork)- English: stork

MBCS: jak (strong, powerful)English: slow, MBCS: slab (weak)

German: stark (strong)419. English: jerk (a sharp, abrupt

movement)German: Ruck (jerk)Russian: rivok (jerk)Latvian: grūdiens (jerk)

MBCS: jarko (very hot)Polish: gorący (very hot)English: fireMBCS: griati (to heat, warm)

K

420. MBCS: kamen (stone)German: Stein (stone)

German: kommen (to come)MBCS: stignuti (to arrive)

421. German: Kante (edge, border)MBCS: rub (edge, rim, brim)MBCS: okvir (frame, rim)

English: to kindle (to catch fire)English: to burnDutch: vuur (fire)

65

Norwegian: bredd (brim, margin)Icelandic: brún (border, brim, edge, margin)

Swedish: brasa, brand (fire)

Norwegian: brann (fire)422. German: Käse (cheese)

MBCS: sir (cheese)MBCS: kiseo (sour)German: sauer (sour)

423. German: Käse (cheese)MBCS: sir (cheese)

MBCS: kosa (hair)Russian: šerst (hair)

424. German: Käse (cheese)MBCS: sir (cheese)

Norwegian: syk (sick)Danish: sår (wound)

425. German: kennen (to know)

MBCS: znati (to know)

German: erkennen (to recognise)MBCS: poznati (to recognise)


Danish: vide (to know)- English: wide- German: breit (wide)

MBCS: goniti (to drive, rush, push)

German: treiben (to drive, rush, push)


MBCS: znati (to know)

German: bekennen (to confess, to admit)MBCS: priznati (to confess, to admit)

428. German: kennen (to know)MBCS: naučiti (to learn)German: kennen (to know)MBCS: znade (he knows)Slovenian: vedeti (to know)

- Slovenian: videti (to see)- English: to watch

Slovenian: vedeti (to know)- Slovenian: buden

(awake)- English: awake

German: beginnen (to begin)Russian: načinat' (to begin)Russian: konac (end)Gothic: andeis (end)

MBCS: početi (to begin)

66

- English: peak- Ukrainian: veršina

(peak)- Danish: bakke (hill)- Czech: hora (hill)

MBCS: završiti (to end, finish)

German: aufhören (to end)429. Czech: keř (bush)

Slovak: krík (bush)Slovak: krík (bush)MBCS: grm, Latvian: krūms (bush)

Dutch: gieren (to scream)Slovenian: kričati (to scream)Swedish: skrika (to scream)

English: to scream430. Middle.English: kerven (to cut,

carve)MBCS: rezati (to cut, carve)

- Czch: rez (rust)- Bulgarian: râžda (rust)- Russian: raždane (birth)- MBCS: roditi (to give

birth)Russian: rezat’ (to cut, carve)

- German: ritzen (to carve)

Swedish: skära (to cut, carve)

MBCS: crven (red)

Swedish: röd (red)

German: rot (red)Russian: krasny (red)

431. English: kidMBCS: deran (young and nasty (malicious) child)

MBCS: kidati (to tear)

MBCS: derati (to tear)432. Dutch: kiezen (to choose)

Slovenian: izbrati (to choose)Polish: wybierać (to choose)Danish: vælge (to choose)

- German: welken (to droop)

- Slovenian: povesiti se (to droop)

- German: beweisen (to

MBCS: kazati (to say, tell)Swedish: prata (to talk)MBCS: zboriti (to speak)

67

prove)

- Slovenian: dokazati (to prove)

Slovak: povedať (to say, tell, speak)

MBCS: kazati (to say, tell)433. German: Kind (child)

Old.English: cild (child)Swedish: barn (child)

- English: borne- English: to bear (to give

birth)

MBCS: skinuti se (to undress o.s)Swedish: avkläda (to undress)

Polish: rozbierać (to undress)434. German: Kind (child, kid)

MBCS: mališa (small boy)German: Gnade (mercy)MBCS: milost (mercy)

435. German: Kinn (chin)MBCS: podbradak (chin)

- English: broad- Norwegian: bred (wide)- English: wide

MBCS: vid (eyesight)- English: bad- English: best, bad- Russian: pustoy (empty)- German: leer (empty)

MBCS: oči (eyes)English: seen

German: kennen (to know)

Danish: vide (to know)

English: to learnMBCS: učiti (to learn)Latvian: zinat (to know)

436. Old.English: to kill (to beat)MBCS: biti (to beat)

English: to killMBCS: ubiti (to kill)

437. German: kleben (to glue)Danish: lime (to glue)

Slovak: klebeta (slander)German: Verleumdung (slander)

438. German: klein (small, tiny, little)

English: he grows

MBCS: zaklin'ati se (to swear (an oath))Danish: sværge (to swear (an oath))

68

439. German: klein (small)English: greatGerman: gross (great, big, large)English: small

- Slovenian: smel (was allowed)

- Slovenian: smeti (may: be allowed)

MBCS: mali (small)- Latvian: mīlēt (to love)- MBCS: voliti (to love)

English: cleanDutch: drek (dirt)Russian: gryaz (dirt)

Swedish: smuts (dirt)

Dutch: vuil (dirt)440. German: klein

English: big

MBCS: pokloniti se (to lean or bend forward in a gesture of respect or greeting)German: sich vorbeugen (to lean or bend forward)

441. Germann: klimmen (to clamber)German: steigen (to climb, rise)

German: kommen (to come)MBCS: stignuti (to come)

442. German: klagen (to complain, lament)MBCS: žaliti se (to complain, lament)

Dutch: jammeren (to complain, wail)

MBCS: tužiti se (to complain)

Danish: klog (clever, shrewd)

German: schlau (clever, shrewd)

Russian: umny (clever, intelligent)Danish: dygtig (clever) (g-ž palatalization)

443. Danish: klatre (to scale: to climb)Czech: slézt (to scale: to climb)

- MBCS: uspeti se (to scale: to climb)

- Slovenian: spati (to

German: gleiten (to glide, slide)Latvian: slīdēt (to glide, slide)

69

sleep)- English: to sleep Middle.Low.German: slippen (to

glide, slide)444. Danish: klippe (to shear)

Slovenian: striči (to shear)Slovak: strihať (to shear)

Norwegian: klappe (to stroke)Norwegian: stryke (to stroke)German: streicheln (to stroke)

445. Old.Saxon: knagan (to gnaw)MBCS: glabati (to gnaw)

English: to knockGerman: klopfen (to knock)

446. Polish: kochać (to love)

MBCS: voliš (you love)German: lieben

- English: to love, to live, life

- English: loaf- Old.Slavic: hlebu (bread,

loaf)German: hassen (to hate)

- German: Hase (hare)- English: hare

MBCS: kosa (hair) (h-s palatalization)Russian: volos (hair)

Czech: chlup (hair)

German: Haar (hair)447. MBCS: kolac (pole (of flag,

telegraph))English: pole

- Slovak: páliť (to burn s.th)

English: pole- German: Liebe (love)- MBCS: voliti (to love)

Lithuanian: kailis (fur)

English: pelt (the skin of a fur-bearing animal)

English: fell (an animal's hide or skin)

448. Russian: koleno (tribe)Dutch: stam (tribe)MBCS: pleme (tribe)

- German: Blume (flower)

English: cleanSwedish: smuts (dirt)

70

- English: plant- MBCS: bil’a (plant)- German: Liebe (love)- MBCS: voliti (to love)

Ukrainian: plemya (tribe)- MBCS: plima (high tide)- Swedish: tid (time)- Slovenian: čas (time)

Dutch: vuil dirt)

English: dirtMBCS: čist (clean)

449. Polish: koń (horse)Swedish: häst (horse)

- English: to hasten- Slovenian: pohiteti (to

hasten)- MBCS: hitnuti (to sling,

toss)- Slovak: hodiť (to sling,

toss)

Dutch: gaan (to go)

Russian: hodit’ (to go)450. MBCS: zakon (law)

Old.English: lagu (law)English: right

MBCS: noga (leg)English: legMBCS: ruka (arm and hand)

451. Swedish: köra (to drive)Czech: řídit (to drive)Old.High.German: vart (journey, trip, drive)

Slovenian: koren (root)English: root

Dutch: wortel (root)452. MBCS: korov (weed)

English: fruitGerman: küren (to choose)MBCS: izabrati (to choose)

453. Norwegian: kose (to cuddle)Polish: tulić (to cuddle)

MBCS: kazati (to tell, say)English: to tell

454. Lithuanian: kovoti (to fight)

Russian: borot’ sia (to fight)

MBCS: kupiti (to pick (flowers))Polish: zbierać (to pick (flowers))

455. Czech: kousnutí (to bite) MBCS: kazna (penalty, fine, sentence)

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German: beissen (to bite) German: Busse (penalty, fine)456. MBCS: krade (he steals)

German: Dieb (thief)- MBCS: doba (time)- English: time

English: dark

Slovenian: tama (darkness)457. MBCS: krade (he steals)

Dieb (thief)- MBCS: doba- English: time- Gereman: matt (mat,

dim) - English: dim, dimmer

Dutch: drek (dirt)

Danish: mudder (dirt, mud)458. German: kräuseln (to gather: to

pull (material) into small folds and stitch together)Czech: nařasit (to gather)

- Czech: rez (rust)- MBCS: rd’a (rust)- Russian: rdet’ (to blush,

grow red)

Russian: krasny (red)

English: red459. German: Kraut (herb, plant)

MBCS: bil’ka (plant)English: greatMBCS: velika (big, great)

460. MBCS: krilo (wing)

Dutch: vleugel (wing)- Old.MBCS: vlagivati se

(to flatter)- MBCS: lagati (to lie)

Danish: krølle (curl: a coil of hair etc)

Swedish: lock (curl: a coil of hair etc)

461. Polish: krok (step)English: to stride

German: Krieg (war)Swedish: strid (battle)

462. Russian: krov’ (blood)English: blood

MBCS: korov (weed)MBCS: plod (fruit)

463. German: Krüppel (cripple) MBCS: krupan (big: great,

72

MBCS: bogal’ (cripple)Danish: lamme (to cripple)

portly)English: bigMBCS: mali (small)

464. German: Krüppel (cripple)

MBCS: bogal’ (cripple)

Russian: krepky, German: kräftig (strong)Old.English: big (powerful, strong)

465. MBCS: kuče (young dog)MBCS: pas (dog)

- MBCS: pasti (to graze)- German: weiden (to

graze)English: dog

- English: to guide- MBCS: voditi (to guide)

German: kucken (to look at)

Slovenian: videti (to see)

Slovenian: videti (to see)466. German: kucken (to look at)

Slovenian: videti (to see)- Czech: vědět (to know)- Dutch: weten (to know)- German: wetten (to bet)- English: to bet

MBCS: čekati (to wait) (k-č palatalization)

English: to waitOld.High.German: beiten (to wait)

467. MBCS: kuditi (to reprimand)German: rügen (to reprimand)MBCS: karati (to reprimand)German: tadeln (to reprimand)

Russian: god (year) Polish: rok (year) Old.English: gēar (year)Swedish: tid (time)

468. MBCS: kupati (to bath, bathe)- Slovak: kopa (heap)- English: heap

German: baden (to bath, bathe)English: to bathe

German: sich heben (to rise, go up, lift)MBCS: padati (to fall)MBCS: peti se (to rise)

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469. MBCS: kupati (to bathe)German: baden (to bathe)

- English: bad- MBCS: dobar (good)

German: baden (to bathe)- English: to bind

Russian: myt' (to bathe)- Old.Frisian: mei (to be

able)- MBCS: mogu (I am

able)

MBCS: gubiti (to lose)

MBCS: dobiti (to win, get, receive)


Slovenian: zmagati, premagati (to win (over))

470. German: Küste (coast) MBCS: obala

German: küsst (kisses) MBCS: l'ubi (kisses)

471. German: Küste (coast)- English: to cast- Czech: házet (to cast)

MBCS: obala- MBCS: l'ubi (kisses)

German: hassen (to hate)

German: Liebe (love)472. Norwegian: kveg (cattle)

Polish: bydło (cattle)- English: bad, best

Slovenian: govedo (cattle)Russian: skot (cattle)

Swedish: kvick (quick)

Russian: bistry (quick)Norwegian: kjapp (quick)Russian: skory (quick) (t-r difference)

473. Swedish: kvida (to wail)

MBCS: plakati (to cry, weep)

MBCS: plakati (to cry, weep)German: weinen (to cry, weep)

English: to weep

MBCS: cvietati (to bloom, blossom)German: blühen (to bloom, blossom)German: welken (to wilt, fade)MBCS: venuti (to wilt, wither, fade)Czech: poupě (bud)

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English: to cryCzech: plakat (to cry, weep)Danish: græde (to cry, weep)

Danish: gro (to grow)Latvian: plaukt (to bud)Norwegian: dyrke (to grow)

474. Dutch: kwellen (to afflict, torment)

Danish: plage (to afflict, torment)Russian: mučit‘ (to torment)

- MBCS: močiti (to wet)- English: to wet- MBCS: viti (to wind)- English: to wind

MBCS: cviliti (to whine, to pule)

MBCS: plakati (to cry, weep)

German: weint (he weeps)

475. Dutch: kwellen (to afflict, torment)Czech: trápit (to afflict, torment)

- English: to drop (to fall)- English: to fall

Slovenian: cviliti (to squeal)

Icelandic: væla (to squeal)

L

476. English: to lack s.thMBCS: faliti (to be missing)

English: to like s.thMBCS: voliti (to love, like)

477. Gothic: lais (I know)- German: lassen (to let)- English: to let

Czech: vědět, Danish: vide (to know)German: wissen (to know)Danish: lære (to learn)

- Swedish: förlora (to lose)

- English: to lose

Gothic: laistjan (to follow)

German: leiten (to lead)

MBCS: voditi (to lead)Russian: vesti (to lead)

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- German: lassen (to let)- German: lässt (he lets) - English: to let

Gothic: laistjan (to follow)German: leiten (to lead)

478. Gothic: laistjan (to follow the track)Slovenian: slediti (to follow)

English: to listenMBCS: slušati (to listen)

479. English: land

MBCS: zeml'a (land, soil)MBCS: tlo (soil) Swedish: mull, mylla (soil)MBCS: glina (clay)

English: long, Russian: dliny (long)English: smallCzech: dlouhý (long)MBCS: mali (small)English: long

480. Polish: las (wood: group of trees)

- English: loose- MBCS: labav (loose)

Swedish: skog (wood)English: leapMBCS: skok (leap, jump, spring, hop)

481. Czech: láska (love)German: Liebe (love)MBCS: voliti (to love)

Swedish: lös (loose)MBCS: labav (loose)Czech: volný (loose)

482. Swedish: lat (lazy)- English: to let- German: lassen (to let)

Danish: doven (lazy)- Slovak: divý (wild)- English: wild

Polish: las (wood: group of trees)

German: Wald (wood)483. English: late

German: spät (light)English: lightRussian: svet (light)

484. German: Laub (leaves)- MBCS: labav (loose)

MBCS: list (leaf)- German: löst (makes

MBCS: l’ubav (love)

76

loose)- German: lose (loose) Czech: láska (love)

485. German: lauern (to lurk)Slovenian: prežati (tu lurk)MBCS: vrebati (to lurk)

- Dutch: werpen (to cast)- Russian: brosat’ (to cast)- Czech: vrhat (to cast)

MBCS: ralo (plough, plow)Slovak: brázda (furrow)

Polish: bruzda (furrow)German: Furche (furrow)

486. German: Laus (louse)Dutch: vos (fox)

Ukrainian: lys (fox)MBCS: vaš (louse)

487. English: to leadMBCS: voditi (to lead, guide)

MBCS: led (ice)MBCS: voda (water)

488. English: to leadSwedish: föra (to lead)MBCS: voditi (to lead)

MBCS: dalek (far)English: farGerman: weit (far)

489. English: leaf - English: loaf- Old.English: hlaf (loaf)- Russian: hleb (loaf,

bread)Slovenian: list (leaf)Dutch: blad (leaf)

MBCS: pohlepa (lust, greed)German: Lust (desire, lust)MBCS: blud (lust)

490. English: to leave- English: to love- MBCS: vol’eti (to love)

MBCS: napustiti, dopustiti, prepustiti (to leave)

English: to fall

MBCS: pasti (to fall)491. German: leben (to live)

Russian: živ (alive)- German: Schiff (ship)- Swedish: skepp (ship)

Lithuanian: gyventi (to live)- English: to give

Old.English: hleapan (to jump, run, leap)

English: to skip

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- German: geben (to give) Polish: biegać (to run)492. Slovenian: led (ice)

German: Eis- German: esse (I eat)- MBCS: yede (he eats)

English: ice

Old.Saxon: līdan (to go)

MBCS: ide (he goes)MBCS: ići (to go)

493. German: Leder (leather)

English: hide

Old.High.German: līdan (to go (away))Russian: hodit’ (to go)

494. German: leer (empty)MBCS: brazda (furrow)

MBCS: ralo (plough)Crroatian: prazan (empty)

495. German: leer (empty)Danish: tom (empty)

- English: tame- Old.High.German: zam

(tame)Swedish: tom (empty)

Dutch: leeg (empty)

Czech: prázdný (empty)Russian: pustoy (empty)

- English: best, better, bad

Danish: ler (clay)

Slovak: zem (earth: world, soil)Slovenian: temelj (footing, foundation)Old.English: clæg (sticky earth, clay)Slovenian: prst (earth: soil)

Czech: půda (land, ground, soil)496. German: leer (empty)

German: leer (empty)- German: verlieren (to

lose)- English: to lose

Dutch: leeg (empty)- Dutch: likken (to lick)- Russian: lizat‘ (to lick)

Swedish: tom (empty) - English: to tame - Old.High.German:

Danish: lære (to learn)

Gothic: lais (I know)


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zemmen (to tame)Czech: prázdný (empty)

- English: breast- German: Busen (breast,

bosom)- German: beissen (to

bite)- English: to bite, to bet- German: wetten (to bet)

Polish: pusty (empty)- English: best, better, bad- Danish: bade (to bathe) –- Dutch: wassen (to bathe,

wash)

MBCS: znam (I know)

Dutch: weten (to know)

German: wissen (to know)497. German: Leib (body)

Slovenian: telo (body)MBCS: bol (pain)German: Leid (suffering)

498. German: Leid (suffering)MBCS: bol (pain)

English: to laud (to extol)German: loben (to praise, to extol)

499. German: leise (quiet: not loud)Slovenian: tih (quiet: not loud)

German: Seele (soul)MBCS: duh (ghost, spirit)

500. German: leiten (to lead, guide)- English: to lead

English: to guideGerman: Lied (song)Lithuanian: gaida (singing)

501. German: leiten (to lead, guide)MBCS: voditi (to lead, guide)

- MBCS: padati (to fall)- Slovenian: pasti (to fall)

English: to let

MBCS: (do)pustiti (to let)502. Slovenian: len (lazy)

Swedish: flitig (hard-working, diligent)

German: Lohn (wage, salary)

MBCS: plata (wage, salary)503. English: to lend

MBCS: pozaymih (I lent)English: landCzech: pozemek (land)

504. Slovak: les (wood, forest) Slovak: sila (violence, power,

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German: Wald (wood, forest)

MBCS: šuma (wood, forest)

might)German: Gewalt (violence, power, might)Bulgarian: mošt (might, power)

505. Russian: les (wood, forest)MBCS: šuma (wood, forest)

English: wood

Danish: lys (light)English: shimmer (a weak, tremulous light)Russian: svet (light) (“s” is a prefix in Slavonic languages)

506. German: lesen (to sort and clean the crops in the harvest season)

- German: lassen (to let)- English: to let

MBCS: triebiti (to sort and clean the crops in the harvest season)

German: leiten (to lead: to move ahead (of others) in time or space)

German: treiben (to drive: to urge forward )

507. English: to letMBCS: (do)pustiti (to let)English: to leave

- English: to love- MBCS: vol’eti (to love)

Slovenian: leteti (to fly)MBCS: pasti (to fall, drop)

English: to fall508. English: to let

MBCS: (do)pustiti (to let)- Slovenian: pasti (to fall)


Russian: vesti (to lead)509. MBCS: l’evati (to pour)

German: giessen (to pour)

German: schütten (to pour)

English: to liveRussian: žizn (life)(g- žpalatalization)Russian: žit‘ (to live)

510. MBCS: l’evati (to pour)German: giessen (to pour)

MBCS: l’ubiti (to kiss)German: kuessen (to kiss)

511. Slovenian: levo (left) English: to live

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Ukrainian: priamy (right)Danish: retning (direction)

- MBCS: rat (war)- English: war- English: to wear- Swedish: bära (to wear)

MBCS: smier (direction)

MBCS: bremenita (pregnant)MBCS: roditi (to give birth)

English: to bear (to give birth)Russian: smert (death)

512. MBCS: lice (face)German: Gesicht (face)

English: to look atGerman: sichten (to sight)

513. German: lieben (to love)

Czech: milovat (to love)

German: sich verloben (to became engaged, betrothed)German: sich vermählen (to marry, wed)

514. German: Lied (song)Russian: pesna (song)

MBCS: dol'e (down)MBCS: visina (height)

515. English: lifeLithuanian: gyventi (to live)

- English: to give- German: geben (to live)

German: laufen (to run)

Russian: begat’ (to run)516. German: liegen (to lie (on one’s

back))

MBCS: ležati (to lie (on one’s back))

German: aufgelegt (to be in a good, bad mood, feel like doeing s.th)

MBCS: raspoložen (to be in a good, bad mood, feel like doeing s.th)

517. German: liegen (to lie (on one’s back))Czech: ležet (to lie (on one’s back))

German: lecken (to lick)

Czech: lízat (to lick)518. MBCS: liepiti (to glue)

Swedish: limma (to glue)German: lieben (to love)Lithuanian: mylėti, Czech: milovat (to love)

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519. Swedish: lik (corpse)

MBCS: leš (corpse)

German: liegen (to lie (on one’s back))MBCS: ležati (to lie (on one’s back))

520. English: lipRussian: guba (lip)

- German: geben (to give)- English: to give

English: mouth- German: müde (tired,

weary)- MBCS: umoriti (to tire)

Russian: rot (mouth)- English: to rot- German: faulen (to rot)- MBCS: voliti (to love)- English: to love

German: leben (to live)

Lithuanian: gyventi (to live)

MBCS: umirati (to die)

English: to live521. Slovenian: list (leaf)

English: leafGothic: laistjan (to follow)English: to follow

522. English: to listen- German: Verlust (loss)- German: verlieren (to

lose)MBCS: čuti (to hear)

English: to learnMBCS: učiti (to learn)

523. MBCS: liti (to pour)Gothic: giutan (to pour)MBCS: voda (water)

German: leiten (to lead, guide)English: to guideSlovenian: voditi (to lead, guide)

524. English: to live- English: to love- MBCS: vol’eti (to love)

German: tot (dead)MBCS: umirati (to die)

English: to fallIcelandic: detta (to fall)Norwegian: ramle (to fall)

525. English: lived Russian: daval (gave, have given)

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Slovenian: živeti (“ž “ comes from g-ž palatalization)Lithuanian: gyventi (to live)English: to dieMBCS: roditi (to give birth)English: birthRussian: gibnut’ (to be killed)

English: givenMBCS: dati (to give)MBCS: dar (gift, present)Russian: brat’ (to take)German: geben (to give)

526. German: loben (to praise, extol)MBCS: hvaliti (to praise, extol)

German: lieben (to love)MBCS: voliti (to love)

527. German: locken (to lure s.th)MBCS: vabiti (to lure s.th)

MBCS: plakati (to weep) (+p)English: to weep

528. Polish: łódź (boat)Danish: båd (boat)Norwegian: fartøy (boat)

English: leads (is leading)MBCS: vodi (is leading)German: führt (is leading)

529. Middle.High.German: lohe (flame)

MBCS: vatra (fire)

Middle.High.German: lieht (light)Russian: svet (light)

530. Icelandic: loka (to lock) Icelandic: læsa (to lock)

English: to lickMBCS: lizati (to lick)

531. English: to long forMBCS: žudieti, Czech: toužit (to long for)

English: length

MBCS: dužina (lenght)532. English: to look somewhere

Swedish: se (to look somewhere, to see)MBCS: gledati (to look somewhere)

English: looks (appearance)

Swedish: utseende (appearance)

MBCS: izgled (appearance)533. English: to look somewhere

Swedish: se (to look somewhere, to see)Slovak: pozerať to look somewhere)

English: to look (as if, like) (to seem)

Swedish: se ut (to seem)

Slovak: vyzerať (to seem)

83

MBCS: gledati (to look somewhere)Czech: vidět (to see)German: schauen (to look somewhere, to see)

MBCS: izgledati (seem)Czech: vypadat (to seem)

German: scheinen (to seem)534. English: to look somewhere

MBCS: vidieti (to see)English: to like s.thMBCS: svidieti se (to be liked)

535. English: to look somewhere- MBCS: lice (face)- Old.Norse: andlit (face)- Old.Nrse: líta (to look,

see)Slovenian: videti (to see)

German: leiten (to lead)MBCS: voditi (to lead)

536. MBCS: lopov (thief)German: Dieb (thief)

MBCS: bol’e (better)English: bad

537. MBCS: loš (bad)

German: gut (good)- English: goat- MBCS: koza (female

goat)

English: wellSwedish: bra (good, well)

German: löschen (to put out the fire)

MBCS: gasiti (to put out the fire)Polish: palić (to burn s.th)Swedish: bränna (to burn)

538. German: löschen (to put out, extinguish)MBCS: gasiti (to put out, extinguish)

- German: giessen (to pour)

- Dutch: gieten (to pour)

MBCS: loš (bad, evil)

German: gut (good)539. MBCS: loš (bad, evil)

MBCS: dobar (good)English: good

English: to looseMBCS: dobiti (to get, win, gain)English: to get

84

English: bad

Swedish: bra (good)- MBCS: prati (to bathe,


bathe)

MBCS: pobiediti (to win, defeate, beat)

MBCS: pobiediti (to win, defeate, beat)

540. MBCS: loš (bad, evil)- German: lassen (to let)- English: to let

English: bad- English: to bet- German: wetten (to bet)- English: water- Slovenian. voda (water)


MBCS: voditi (to lead)541. English: loud

German: leise (quiet)- German: lassen (to let)- English: to let

German: (aus)rufen (to cry out, to call, shout)MBCS: vikati, (uz)viknuti (to cry out, to call, shout)

- MBCS: navika (habit)- MBCS: navada (habit)

English: to lead


Swedish: föra (to lead)

Slovenian: voditi (to lead)542. English: to love

German: lieben (to love)MBCS: voliti (to love)

English: allowGerman: erlauben (to allow)MBCS: dozvoliti (to allow)

543. English: to loveRussian: l’ubit’ (to love)MBCS: mrziti (to hate)English: to hate

- Russian: hotet’ (to want)

English: to liveGerman: leben (to live)Russian: smert (death)

85

- German: wollen (to want) English: to live

544. Dutch: plechtig beloven (to vow)German: geloben (to vow)Polish: przysięgać (to vow)

MBCS: (po)l’ubiti (to kiss)Russian: celovat’ (to kiss)German: küssen (to kiss)

545. MBCS: l'ubiti (to kiss)German: küsst (he kisses)

- English: to cast- Czech: házet (to cast,

throw)

German: lieben (to love)

German: hassen (to hate)546. German: Luft (air)

Russian: vozduh (air)English: to liftSlovak: dvíhať, MBCS: dignuti (to lift (up))

547. German: Luft (air)

Russian: vozduh (air)

Old.English: lufu (love, affection, friendliness)Danish: hade (to hate)

548. Slovenian: lupiti (to peel), lupil (peeled)

Slovak: šúpať (to peel)

Slovenian: lopata, Dutch: lepel (scoop)Dutch: schep (scoop)

549. Latin: luna (moon)German: Mond (moon)

- German: Mund (mouth)- English: mouth

Cerman: Laune (mood)

English: mood550. German: Lust (desire, lust)

MBCS: žel’a (desire)

German: Gier (greed, craving, lust)English: to crave

- Slovenian: vroč (hot)

MBCS: l’uštiti (to shell, husk, peel, bark, hull)German: schälen (to shell, husk, peel, bark, skin)

MBCS: kora (peel, bark, skin)

English: to bark (k-č palatalization)

86

MBCS: pohlepa (greed)- German: halp (half)- Slovenian: pol (half)

MBCS: pohota (lust, greed)- Russian: hotet’ (to want)- German: wollen (to

want)MBCS: žuditi (to wish, lust)

- English: shed- MBCS: šupa (shed)

Czech: toužit (to desire, wish)MBCS: žuditi (to wish, lust)Czech: bažit (to lust)

- English: to push- Germn: schieben (to

push)

English: to peel

English: to peel

German: (sich) schuppen (to scale, flake)

German: Schote (pod)

German: (sich) schuppen (to scale, flake)

551. Icelandic: lykill (key)Dutch: sleutel (key)

- English: slat- German: Leiste (slat)

Czech: klíč (key)

Swedish: nyckel (key)

MBCS: lukav (smart, sly, slick)

German: List (cunning)German: klug (clever, shrewd, wise)English: cunning

552. Norwegian: lykke (joy)Danish: glæde (joy)

Russian: radost’ (joy)- MBCS: rad’ati (to give

birth)- Swedish: föda (to give

birth)

English: to look (at)MBCS: gledati (to look (at), see, watch)

Slovenian: videti (to see)553. Norwegian: lyn (bolt, flash,

87

lightning)Czech: blesk (bolt, flash, lightning)English: lightning German: Blitz (bolt, flash, lightning)English: bolt (flash of lightning)

Slovenian: len (lazy)

German: fleissig (diligent)Norwegian: lat (lazy)

Danish: flittig (diligent)Polish: pilny (diligent)

554. Danish: lys (light)Old.Slavic: snati (to flash up, shine)Russian: svet (light) (“s” is Slavonic prefix)


Slovenian: znati (to know)

Dutch: weten (to know)555. Danish: lys (light)

MBCS: luč (torch)Slovenian: lizati (to lick)German: lecken (to lick)

M

556. Old.Norse: maðr (man)

Slovenian: žena (wife, woman)

English: wifeGerman: Gatte (husband, spouse)

- English: to guide- MBCS: voditi (to guide)

German: Frau (wife, woman)- German: froh (glad)- English: glad

Swedish: maka (wife)- MBCS: mokar (wet)- English: wet- Dutch: weten (to know)- Czech: vědět (to know)

MBCS: motriti (to look at, observe, view)German: schauen (to look at, see)English: to view

Slovak: vidieť (to see)

MBCS: gledati (to look at)

Slovenian: videti (to see)

88

557. MBCS: magarac (donkey)English: donkeyEnglish: mule

- MBCS: mali (small)- English: small

German: mager (thin, skinny)Russian: tonkiy (thin)

Old.Saxon: smal (narrow, slim, slender, thin)

558. MBCS: mal, malo (small, few)Slovenian: velik (big)German: viel (a lot of)English: less

Czech: milovat (to love)MBCS: voliti (to love)MBCS: voliti (to love)Czech: laska (love)

559. MBCS: mali, malo (small, little)Swedish: stor (big, great, large)Icelandic: lítill (small), Swedish: lite, litet (little)

Russian: molodoy (young)MBCS: star (old)

Swedish: liten (young) 560. Old.Slavic: malu (bad)

English: badGerman: gut (good)German: böse (bad)

- English: bad- MBCS: pad (fall)- English: to fall

German: gut (good)- English: goat- German: Geiss (goat)

English: mealMBCS: obied (meal)MBCS: gutati (to swallow)German: beissen (to bite)

German: löffeln (to spoon)

Crotaian: kusati (to spoon)561. Old.English: man (person,

human being)Old.Norse: maðr (person, human being)Russian: liudi (people: persons, human beings

Dutch: nemen (to take)

MBCS: dam (I give)

MBCS: dali (have given, gave)562. German: Männer (men)

Slovak: pani (misses)MBCS: muž (male, husband)MBCS: brat (brother)

Bulgarian: mienie (washing)Czech: praní (washing)English: to washMBCS: prati (to bathe, wash)

89

MBCS: buraz (brother)German: Weib (woman, wife)Russian: muž (man, male)Danish: datter (daughter)MBCS: ćer (daughter)

MBCS: keva (mother)German: Weib (woman, wife)MBCS: seka (sis: sister) (qolloquial)MBCS: mati (mother)

MBCS: brisati (to wipe)English: to wipeGerman: wischen (to wipe)MBCS: (o)tirat (to wipe)Old.HighGerman: kerien (to sweep)Dutch: vegen (to sweep)English: to sweep

Norwegian: koste (to sweep)MBCS: mete (sweeps)

563. German: Mark (borderland, march)MBCS: međa (border)

German: bemerken (to notice)MBCS: primietiti (to notice)

564. Swedish: märka (to notice)

Czech: všimnout si (to notice) (“v” is prefix in Slavonic languages)

Swedish: mark (land: ground, soil)

Lithuanian: žemė (land: ground, soil)

565. English: matterMBCS: tvar (matter)

German: Mutter (mother)German: Vater (father)

566. Icelandic: máttur (might)- Czech: mýt (to wash)- Dutch: wassen (to wash)- German: wissen (to


Slovenian: síla (might)Bulgarian: mošt (might)

English: woodRussian: les (wood)MBCS: šuma (les)

567. Lithuanian: máudyti (to bathe)German: baden (to bathe)

MBCS: nuditi (to offer)German: bieten (to offer)

568. English: meadow Lithuanian: matyti (to see), MBCS: motriti (to look at,

90

German: Wiese (meadow)- German: wissen (to

know)- Czech: vědět

Czech: louka (meadow)

observe)

Slovenian: videti (to see)English: to look at

569. English: meadowGerman: Wiese (meadow)

Slovenian: moder (wise)English: wise

570. English: mealSlovenian: obrok (meal)

MBCS: lomiti (to break s.th)English: to break

571. English: mealMBCS: yesti (to eat)

German: Maul (mouth, jaws)MBCS: usta (mouth)

572. English: meatSlovenian: kost (bone)

Russian: metat’ (to throw, cast)English: to cast

573. English: to meetSlovak: stretnúť (to meet)

Swedish: mitt (middle)Czech: střed (middle)

574. German: meiden (to avoid, keep away)

Russian: izbegat’ (to avoid, keep away)

- Gothic: bugjan (to buy)- Slovenian: kupiti (to

buy)German: ausweichen (to avoid, be evasive)

Russian: izbegat’ (to avoid, keep away)

- Danish: begge (both)- Swedish: båda (both)

Lithuanian: máudyti (to wash, bathe)

MBCS: kupati (to bathe)

German: auswaschen (to wash out)

Danish: bade (to bathe)575. German: meiden (to avoid, keep

away)- Russian: mit’ (to bathe)

91


Swedish: undvika (to avoid)Slovenian: buden (awake)English: awake

576. German: sich merken (to remember, retain)MBCS: zaboraviti (to forget)Slovak: pamätať (to remember, retain)

- Slovenian: mati (mother)- Swedish: mata (to feed)- English: to feed

Slovak: zabúdať (to forget)- German: baden (to

bathe)- MBCS: prati (to bathe,

wash)English: to forget

- German: gut (good)- Swedish: bra (good)- MBCS: prati (to bathe,

wash)

MBCS: umirati (to die)German: gebären (to give birth)

Swedish: föda (to give birth to)Swedish: föda (to give birth to)

English: birth

English: birth577. Dutch: mes (knife)

Russian: nož (knife)Old.Slavic: mozi (man, male)MBCS: žena (woman, wife)

578. Russian: mest’ (revenge)Dutch: wraak (revenge)

MBCS: most (bridge)German: Brücke (bridge)

579. Russian: mest’ (revenge)- MBCS: mesti (to sweep)- MBCS: mete (he

sweeps)Norwegian: hevn (revenge)

Czech: mít (to have)Danish: have (to have)

580. Russian: mest’ (revenge)- English: mist (a thin fog)- German: Nebel (mist,

fog) MBCS: nebo (heaven, sky)

92

Norwegian: hevn (revenge) English: heaven (meant earlier also “sky”)

581. Russian: mest’ (revenge)

Dutch: wraak (revenge)Norwegian: hevn (revenge)

Latvian: mest, Russian: metat‘ (to throw)Old.Slavic: vrigo (I throw), Norwegian: hive (to throw)

582. MBCS: mete (he sweeps)Russian: mit’ (to wash)German: fegen (to sweep)Old.HighGerman: kerien (to sweep)MBCS: pravši (by washing)MBCS: ribati (to rub, scrub)

German: Mut (courage, bravery)German: Mut (courage, bravery)German: feige (cowrdly)

English: courageEnglish: braveCroatin: hrabar (brave, courageous)

583. MBCS: umirati, umoriti (to die, murder)

English: to die- MBCS: dati (to give)- Russian: darit’(to give

as a gift)German: töten (to kill)English: to bear (to give birth)

- Swedish: bära (to wear)- English: to wear

MBCS: umarati (to tire, weary)

English: to tireSwedish: trötta (to tire)

English: to weary584. Czech: mířit (to steer)

Swedish: styra (to steer)MBCS: usmieriti (to steer, direct)

- Russian: smert (death) - English: death

German: Raum (room, space)MBCS: prostor (room, space)

Swedish: tid (time)585. Russian: mit’ (to bathe, wash)

MBCS: kupati (to bathe)- Slovenian: kup (heap)

Slovak: mat’ (to have)

93

- English: heap German: haben (to have)586. German: Mitte (middle)

MBCS: sreda (middle)German: Mittel (means)MBCS: sredstvo (means)

587. German: Mitte (middle)MBCS: sreda (middle)

- MBCS: sretan (happy, lucky, joyful)

- MBCS: radost (joy)

English: mouth

Russian: rot (mouth)588. English: mite (a tiny person or

child)Danish: lille myr (a tiny person or child)

- MBCS: morati must)- English: must (to have

to)MBCS: diete (child)

English: time

English: room (space)

Slovenian: mesto (space)Swedish: tid (time)

589. Swedish: mjäll (dandruff)Czech: lupy (dandruff)

Czech: milovat (to love)German: lieben (to love)

590. MBCS: mlad (young)

MBCS: star (old)- MBCS: tresak (bang,

slam)

MBCS: mlatiti (to thresh, thrash)

Norwegian: treske (to thresh)591. Slovak: močiar (swamp)

Bulgarian: blato (swamp)Danish: sump; mose (swamp)

MBCS: mokar (wet)Swedish: blöt (wet)English: damp, moist (slightly wet)

592. Danish: moder (mother)German: Vater (father)

- Swedish: veta (to know)- German: wissen (to

know)

Slovenian: moder (wise)

German: weise (wise)593. MBCS: mokar (wet)

German: feucht (wet)MBCS: mek (soft)German: weich (soft)

94

594. English: moreMBCS: više (more)

- English: wash- Dutch: was (wash)

German: Meer (sea)

German: Wasser (water)595. German: Mord (murder)

Russian: smert (death)Old.Saxon: quellian (to kill)Old.English: cwelan (to die)English: life

- English: loaf- Old.English: hlaf (bread,

loaf)- Old.Slavic: chlebu

(bread, loaf)MBCS: ubivati (to kill)Italian: vivere (to live)German: leben (to to live)

- Polish: pełen (full)- MBCS: pun (full)

English: deathEnglish: killed

Old.Norse: mađr (man)Old.Norse: mađr (man)Russian: čelovek (man)Slovak: človek (man)

Slovak: chlap (man)German: Weib (wife, woman)English: wife

Polish: pan (man)MBCS: diete (child)Old.English: cild (child)

596. English: mouthEnglish: lip

Dutch: duim (thumb)MBCS: palac (thumb)

597. English: mouthRussian: rot (mouth)

Slovenian: moder (wise)German: Tor (fool)

598. English: mouthRussian: rot (mouth)English: lip

MBCS: modar (blueish)German: rot (red)Slovenian: bel (white)

599. MBCS: mrak (darkness)MBCS: tama (darkness)

German: merken (to notice)MBCS: zamietiti (to notice)

600. Gothic: munan (to think)Slovenian: misel (thought)

Dutch: nemen (to take)MBCS: uzimati (to take)

601. Icelandic: munnur (mouth)Russian: guba (lip)

Dutch: nemen (to take)German: geben (to give)

95

602. Russian: mučit‘ (to torment, torture)Swedish: plåga (to torment, torture)

- Danish: bleg (pale)- Polish: blady (pale)

Russian: močit‘ (to wet)

Swedish: blöt (to wet)603. English: mud

- Russian: mit’ (to bathe)- Swedish: mata (to feed)- English: to feed

MBCS: blato (mud)German: baden (to bathe)Russian: plit' (to swim)

604. German: müde (tired, weary)- Swedish: måtte (must)- English: must

MBCS: umoran (tired, weary)German: ihr müsst (you must)MBCS: morati (to have to)

605. Norwegian: munn (mouth)MBCS: usta (mouth)

Dutch: nemen (to take)MBCS: uzeti (to take)

606. German: munter (merry)- Old.High.German: munt

(mouth)- English: mouth

Ukrainian: vesely (merry)MBCS: mudar (wise)German: weise (wise)

607. German: Gemüse (vegetables)MBCS: voće (vegetables)Dutch: groente (vegetables)

MBCS: mesti (to sweep)Dutch: vegen (to sweep)Old.High.German: kerien (to sweep)

608. German: müssen (must)

MBCS: morati (must)- MBCS: umirati (to die)- English: to bear (to give

birth)

MBCS: nositi (to bear, wear, carry)

Swedish: bära (to wear, carry)609. English: he must

MBCS: mora (he must)Slovenian: mesto (space)English: room (space)

96

610. German: Mut (courage, pluck)MBCS: hrabar (courageous, plucky)

English: smooth

MBCS: hrapav (rough)611. MBCS: muž (man, husband)

English: wifePolish: pan (polite word for a man)

Craotain: maše (he waves with the hand)English: to waveSwedish: vinka (to wave with a hand)

N

612. Swedish: näbb (beak)- German: Bein (leg)

Russian: kl’ov (beak)- Latvian: vilkt (to pull)- Latvian: plūkt (to pluck)

German: weinen (to weep, cry)

Czech: plakat (to weep)613. MBCS: nada (hope)

English: to hope- Danish: hoppe (to leap)- English: leap- German: Liebe (love)- Czech: milovat (to love)

Danish: nåde (mercy)

MBCS: milost (mercy)614. Slovak: najst' (to find)

Swedish: finna (to find)- German: weinen (to

weep, cry)- MBCS: plakati (to

weep, cry)- MBCS: bol'ka (pain,

ache)Slovak: najst' (to find)

German: gesund (healthy)

Slovenian: bolen (sick)German: genesen (to convalesce)

615. MBCS: nag (naked)Bulgarian: gol (naked)

MBCS: noga (leg)English: leg

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616. MBCS: nag (naked)Bulgarian: gol (naked)

- Icelandic: glóa (to glow)- Swedish: glöd (glow)

MBCS: bos (barefoot)

German: nagen (to gnaw)

MBCS: glodati (to gnaw)German: beissen (to bite)

617. Danish: narre; snyde (to deceive)

MBCS: varati (to deceive)German: trügen (to deceive)

MBCS: nositi (to bear, wear, carry)English: to wear, bearGerman: tragen (to bear, wear, carry)

618. German: nässen (to wet, moisten)Polish: moknąć (to soak)English: to soakEnglish: to soak

Swedish: kissa (to wet)- German: giessen (to

pour)- Dutch: gieten (to pour)

Dutch: gieten (to pour)Swedish: kissa (to wet)Swedish: blöta (to soak, wet)Danish: tørre (to dry)

German: genesen (to recover)Danish: komme sig (to recover)Norwegian: syk (sick, ill)Lithuanian: atsigauti (to recover)

Latvian: atgūties (to recover)Latvian: atgūties (to recover)Norwegian: syk (sick, ill)MBCS: bolest (illness, sickness)Russian: zdorovy (healthy)

619. MBCS: nauk (knowledge)- Swedish: uppge, ge (to

give)- Swedish: giva (to give)- German: geben (to give)

Gothich: lais (I know)English: to learnEnglish: to know

MBCS: gubiti (to lose)English: to loseGerman: verlieren (to lose)English: to win

620. German: Nebel (fog, mist) MBCS: nebo (sky, heaven)

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Ukrainian: imla (mist), Czech: mlha (fog, mist) German: Himmel (sky, heaven)

621. German: Neid (envy)MBCS: zavidieti (to envy)

Dutch: nat (wet)Danish: våd (wet)

622. German: (be)neiden (to envy)MBCS: zavidieti (to envy)

MBCS: (po)nuditi (to offer)Danish: tilbyde (to offer)

623. Dutch: nemen (to take)Russian: brat' (to take)English: to takeEnglish: to getGerman: kriegen (to get)German: geben (to give)MBCS: dati (to give)

German: Mann (man, husband)Russian: brat (brother)MBCS: deka (grand father)English: kidMBCS: ćerka (daughter)MBCS: baka (grand mother)MBCS: diete (kid, child)

624. Dutch: nemen (to take)

Russian: brat‘ (to take)- MBCS: prati (to bathe,

wash)- English: to bathe

Slovak: vziať (to take)Danish: tage (to take)

MBCS: mien’ati (to barter, change, exchange)

Swedish: byta (to change, exchange)Dutch: wisselen (to exchange)German: tauschen (to barter, change, exchange) (g-h-sh sound shift)

625. Dutch: nemen (to take)English: to take

- Dutch: teken (sign)- Slovenian: znak, oznaka

(sign)

MBCS: dati (to give)

MBCS: uzimati (to take)

English: meaning (sense)

MBCS: značen’e (meaning, sense, importance, significance)German: Bedeutung (meaning, sense, importance, significance)Slovenian: smisel (sense,

99

meaning, signification)626. Old.High.German: nerien (to

feed)German: speisen (to eat, dine)MBCS: ručati (to dine)

- MBCS: rieč (word)- MBCS: rieti (to say, tell) - Old.Slavic: rešti (to say,

tell)

Old.English: nerian (to rescue)Russian: spasat' (to rescue)

Russian: vyručat' (to rescue)German: retten (to rescue)

Slovenian: rešiti (to rescue)627. Slovenian: nesti (to carry, wear)

German: tragen (to carry, wear)

Swedish: bära (to carry, wear)- English: to bear (to give

birth)- Swedish: föda (to give

birth)

Slovak: najst' (to find)MBCS: tragati, tražiti (to search)

English: to find628. German: nett (nice-looking

(pretty, cute))MBCS: fin (fine, handsomely)

Russian: nayti (to find)Swedish: finna (to find)

629. German: Netz (net)

MBCS: mreža (net)

English: nasty (offensive or malicious)MBCS: mržn’a (malice)

630. English: nightUkrainan: nič (night)Russian: dni (days)Latvian: nakts (night)

English: to beginMBCS: počin'ati (to begin)English: to endSlovenian: konec (end)

631. MBCS: noga (leg)English: to stand

English: enoughMBCS: dostatno (enough)

632. Slovenian: nositi (to wear, carry)

Danish: bære (to wear, carry)

German: genesen (to recover (from illness))MBCS: oporaviti se (to recover (from illness))

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633. Slovenian: nositi (to wear, carry)English: to wear

- Gothic: gawasjan (to wear clothes))

German: geniessen (to enjoy)

MBCS: provesti se (to enjoy)634. Slovenian: nositi (to wear,

carry)Danish: bære (to wear, carry)

- MBCS: spirati (to wash away)

- English: spear- German: Spiess (spear,

spit)Swedish: bära (to wear, carry)

- English: to bear (to give birth)

- MBCS: roditi (to give birth)

Gothic: briggan (to bring)

Gothic: nasjan (to save, rescue)

MBCS: spas (saving, rescue)

Danish: redde (to save, rescue)Icelandic: bjarga (to save, rescue)

635. MBCS: ponos (pride)English: proud

- German: breit (broad)

German: benutzen (to use)

MBCS: upotreba (use)636. German: nüchtern (sober)

Slovenian: trezen (sober)MBCS: n’ihati (to rock)Russian: triasti (to rock)

637. MBCS: nuditi (to offer)Icelandic: bjóða (to offer)

English: need (extrem poverty)MBCS: bijeda (poverty, misery)

638. Russian: pon’uhat’ (to smell)Dutch: ruiken (to smell)

MBCS: n’ihati (to rock)English: to rock

639. German: (be)nutzen (to make use of)

MBCS: upotriebiti (to make use of)

German: benötigen (to need, require)

MBCS: trebati, potrebovati (to

101

need, require)640. Russian: nuždat‘ sia (to need)

Norwegian: trenge (to need)

MBCS: nositi (to bear, wear, carry)German: tragen (to bear, wear, carry)

O

641. English: oar, Old.Norse: roa (to row)MBCS: veslo (oar), veslati (to row)

- MBCS: vas (you)- MBCS: nas (us)

Slovenian: veslo (oar), veslati (to row)

- MBCS: vas (you)- MBCS: nas (us) - English: us

English: ear

MBCS: nas (us)

MBCS: nos (nose)MBCS: uši (ears)

642. English: oathRussian: kliatva (oath)

English: to eatMBCS: glad (hunger)

643. MBCS: oba (both)German: beide (both)

- English: to bet- German: wetten (to bet)

German: üben (to practise)

Slovenian: vaditi (to practise)644. Swedish: odla (to cultivate: to

grow)MBCS: goyiti (to cultivate: to grow)Czech: pestovať (to cultivate: to grow)Old.Frisian: tilia (to cultivate: to grow)Dutch: telen (to cultivate: to

Russian: idti (to go)

Swedish: gå (to go)

Slovenian: potovati (to travel)

Old.Norse: liða (to go)

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grow)Russian: vyraščivat’ (to cultivate, raise)Polish: hodować (to raise: to grow crops)

Old.English: liðan (to travel)

Swedish: resa (to travel)

Russian: hodit’ (to go)645. German: Onkel (uncle)

Slovenian: stric (uncle)German: Angst (fear, dread)Slovenian: strah (fear, dread)

646. MBCS: orati (to furrow)

Swedish: fåra (to furrow)

German: sich irren (to be wrong or mistaken)MBCS: varati se (to be wrong or mistaken)

647. Swedish: ord (word)Russian: slovo (word)English: to tell

German: Erde (earth, soil)English: soilMBCS: tlo (soil)

648. English: ore

MBCS, Slovenian: ruda (ore)

English: oar, Old.Norse: roa (to row)German: rudern (to row)

649. German: Ort (place, town)Slovenian: mesto (place, town)

- English: must- German: muss (he must)

English: earth

Slovak: zem (earth)650. Swedish: ovan (above: higher

up)Russian: naverhu (above: higher up)

- Russian: verh (peak)- Czech: vrhat (to throw)- Old.Slavic: vrigo (I

throw)

Swedish: ovän, fiende (enemy)

Russian: vrag (enemy)651. English: over

Russian: poverh (over)

Dutch: oever (bank (of a river, lake))Slovak: breh (bank (of a river, lake))

103

P

652. Dutch: paal (stake: pole, post)Russian: kol (stake: post, pole)

MBCS: paliti (to burn s.th)English: cool

653. MBCS: pad (fall)English: fall

English: badEnglish: well, evil

654. MBCS: pad (fall)MBCS: pasti (to fall)English: fallEnglish: fall

English: to forbidMBCS: dopustiti (to allow)English: to allowSlovenian: dovoliti (to allow)

655. English: pale- Norwegian: blek (pale)

Russian: bely (white)- Swedish: vit (white)- Slovenian: veter (wind)- German: Wind (wind)

MBCS: plakati (to weep)

German: weint (he weeps)656. Dutch: paard (horse)

Polish: koń (horse)

German: treiben (to drive: to force or urge along)MBCS: goniti (to drive: to force or urge along)

657. MBCS: pan' (tree trump)MBCS: šuma (wood, forest)

Slovenian: pena (foam)Dutch: schuim (foam)

658. German: passieren (to happen)MBCS: dogoditi se (to happen)Slovenian: pripetiti se (to happen)

German: böse (bad, evil)English: good

English: bad659. English: peace

MBCS: mir (peace, rest)MBCS: mir (peace, rest)English: rest

English: spaceRussian: mir (world space)German: Raum (room, space)MBCS: prostor (room, space)

660. English: peak, Danish: bakke (hill)MBCS: brieg, German: Berg (hill)

English: to speak

MBCS: pričati, Dutch: spreken (to speak)

104

Slovenian: vrh (peak)Dutch: heuvel (hill)MBCS: brdo (hill)

German: Tal (valley)

German: Boden (bottom)

Czech: hovor (talk, chat)Czech: hovor (talk, chat)Swedish: prata (to chat, speak, talk)Swedish: tala (to tell, talk, speak)Slovak: povedať (to say, speak, tell)

661. German: pflegen (to foster)Slovenian: rediti (to foster)

MBCS: plakati (to weep)Latvian: raudāt (to weep)

662. MBCS: pievati (to sing)English: to sing

English: to weepMBCS: kmeziti (to weep, cry) (dialectal)

663. English: pig - MBCS: bok (hip)- English: hip

German: Ferkel (piglet)

Danish: hop (to jump, hop, skip, leap)Russian: prigat (to jump, leap, spring)

664. English: pigOld.English: fearh (piglet)

English: peakRussian: verh (peak)

665. Slovenian: pipa (tap: faucet)English: tap (faucet)

MBCS: pipati (to grope)German: tappen (to grope)

666. German: plagen (to torment)Russian: mučit’ (to torment)

MBCS: vlaga (moisture)Slovenian: moker (wet)

667. MBCS: plah (shy, timed)German: Mut (courage)

- Danish: måtte (must)- German: müssen (must)- English: must- Old.Slavic: mošti (to be

able)- Old.Saxon: mugan (to

be able)

English: to help

Slovenian: pomagati (to help)

105

668. Bulgarian: plat (cloth)English: cloth

MBCS: plata (pay, reward)Old.Saxon: geld (wage(s), pay, reward)

669. Bulgarian: plat (cloth)English: cloth

MBCS: paliti (to burn s.th)Swedish: glöda (to glow)

670. MBCS: plata (pay, reward)Old.Saxon: geld (wage(s), pay, reward)

MBCS: paliti (to burn s.th)

Swedish: glöda (to glow)671. German: platt (flat, level)

MBCS: ravan (flat, level)- English: raw- Old.English: hreaw

(raw)

German: Blut (blood)

Ukrainian: krov (blood)672. Old.English: plegian (to frolic:

to play happily)MBCS: igrati se (to frolic)Polish: bawić się (to play: to amuse o.s)

Russian: plakat’ (to weep)Swedish: gråta (to weep)

English: to weep673. MBCS: plima (high tide)

German: Flut (high tide)German: Blume (flower)MBCS: plod (fruit)

674. MBCS: plod (fruit)MBCS: korov (weed)English: weed

- English: bed- MBCS: krevet (bed)

English: bloodRussian: krov’ (blood)

Polish: krew (blood)675. Dutch: ploegen (to plough)

Czech: orat (to plough)- English: oar- German: Ruder (oar)

MBCS: brazdati (to plough)- English: breast- MBCS: grudi (breasts)

MBCS: plakati (to weep)

Latvian: raudāt (to weep)

Danish: græde (to weep)676. Slovak: počkat (to wait)

Old.High.German: beiten (to English: to watch

106

wait)- English: to bite- German: beissen (to

bite)English: to wait

MBCS: opaziti (to see, notice)Slovenian: videti (to see)

677. Russian: pod (under)Dutch: onder (under)

German: Boden (bottom)Polish: dno (bottom)

678. Russian: polzat’ (to creep, crawl)German: kriechen (to creep, crawl)

Swedish: päls (fur)

Slovenian: krzno (fur) (h-s palatalization, z = voiced (s))

679. MBCS: prag (threshold)German: Türschwelle (threshold)

MBCS: nabreknuti (to swell)

German: schwellen (to swell)680. MBCS: prase (piglet, farrow)

Old.English: fearh (piglet, farrow)

Slovenian: brazda (furrow)

German: Furche (furrow)681. MBCS: prase (piglet)

English: pigMBCS: prositi (to beg)English: to beg

682. MBCS: praše (they washed)English: to wash

- English: to fish- MBCS: pecati (to fish)

Russian: brosat’ (to throw)

MBCS: bacati (to throw)683. MBCS: prašina (dust, powder)

Danish: støv (dust, powder) Slovak: pražiť (to fry)English: stove

684. Russian: pravda (truth)- MBCS: pravo (straight)- Russian: priamo

(straight)

Dutch: waar (true)Dutch: waar (true)

MBCS: breme (burden, load, weight)MBCS: tovar (load, freight)Slovenian: tovor (burden, cargo)

107

English: truth MBCS: teret (freight, load)685. Russian: pravo (right, law)

Rnglish: right (law)

Russian: napravo ,sprava (to the right, on the right)English: the the right, on the right

686. English: to prickSlovenian: pičiti (to prick)

MBCS: krpiti (to patch)English: to patch

687. Russian: pričina (reason, cause)Danish: årsag (reason, cause)Dutch: reden (reason)

Polish: powód (reason, cause)

Slovenian: vzrok (reason, cause)

MBCS: pričati (to say, tell, talk)German: sagen (to say, tell)German: redden (to talk, speak, say)Slovak: povedať (to say, tell, speak)

Czech: říkat (to say, tell, speak)688. English: pride, German: Würde

(dignity)Russian: gordy (proud)

- English: great- German: gross (great)

Slovenian: čast (dignity: one's personal pride)

Polish: brud (dirt)

Russian: griaz (dirt)

MBCS: čist (clean)689. English: pride

MBCS: dika (pride, glory)English: broadDutch: dik (thick)

690. Slovenian: priti (to come)German: Ankunft (arrival)

- German: ankommen (to arrive)

Swedish: bryta (to break)

MBCS: prekinuti (to interrupt)691. English: to prod

- English: bride- Lithuanian: jaunamarti

(bride)Czech: píchnout (to prod)

Slovenian: smrad (reek, stench)Czech: puch (reek)

692. English: to prod MBCS: brod (ship)

108

MBCS: ubadati (to prod) Danish: båd (boat)693. English: proud

Russian: gord (proud)English: broadEnglish: great

694. English: proudRussian: gord (proud)

MBCS: brdo (hill)Russian: gruda (hill)

695. English: proudRussian: gord (proud)

English: breastRussian: grud (breast)

696. English: proud- English: birth, to bear

Russian: gord (proud)Danish: bære (to wear, carry)Dutch: dragen (to wear, carry)

697. Slovenian: prsi (breast)MBCS: grudi (breast)

- Danish: græde (to weep) - Latvian: raudāt (to

weep)

MBCS: brzi (fast, quick)

Norwegian: rede (quick)698. MBCS: prut (rod)

English: rodGerman: stab, MBCS: štap (rod)

- Slovak: štípať (to bite)- English: to bite- Russian: pitat’ (to feed)- English: to feed

Polish: drąg (rod)- Dutch: dragen (to wear,

carry)- Danish: bære (to wear,

carry)

English: birthSlovenian: roditi (to give birth)

Swedish: föda (to give birth)

English: to bear (to give birth)699. English: to pull

English: to drawEnglish: to haul

- Danish: hel (whole)- Slovenian: cel (whole)- Russian: celovat’ (to

kiss)

Russian: bolan (sick, ill)MBCS: zdrav (healthy)English: to heal

MBCS: zacieliti (to heal)

109

- English: to kiss English: sick700. Czech: pupen, Slovenian:

popek (bud)Danish: knop (bud)

MBCS: pupak (navel)German: Nabel (navel)

701. Danish: puste (to blow)English: to blow

English: to spitMBCS: pl’uvati (to spite)

702. MBCS: put (journey)German: Reise (journey)

Russian: pobeda (victory)Slovenian: poraz (defeat)

703. Swedish: puttra (to simmer)German: sieden (to simmer)

English: to breatheMBCS: disati (to breathe)

704. German: putzen (to clean)

Old.Norse: hreinn (clean)

- MBCS: čist (clean)- MBCS: čest (oft, often) - English: oft

Russian: čisty (clean)- MBCS: čast (honour)- Swedish: ära (honour)- English: ear- Gothic: auso (ear)

Polish: brud (dirt) Russian: neopriatny (dirty)

- MBCS: prati (to bathe, wash)

- English: to batheDutch: drek (dirt)

Russian: pitanie (food, nourishment)MBCS: hrana (food, nourishment)

German: Futter (food, fodder)

German: essen, MBCS: yesti (to eat)

Dutch: vreten (to eat up, to feed o.s)

Slovenian: piti (to drink)Norwegian: drikke (to drink)

705. Norwegian: pynte (to decorate)Norwegian: smykke (to decorate)

Icelandic: pynta (to torture)

Latvian: mocīt, Russian: mučit’ (to torture)

110

706. Czech: pyšný (proud)Norwegian: kry (proud)

English: bushCzech: keř, Slovak: krík (bush)

707. Danish: pyt (puddle)MBCS: bara (puddle)

English: to batheMBCS: ispirati (to wash out)

Q

R

708. German: Rad (wheel)Polish: koło (wheel)

- English: to look at- MBCS: gledati (to look

at)Swedish: hjul (wheel)

- Russian: holod (cold)- Czech: hledět (to look

at)- Slovenian: gledati (to

look at)Danish: hjul (weel)

- Polish: chłód (cool)- Dutch: koel (cool)

Slovenian: radost (joy)

Danish: glæde (joy)

Norwegian: glede (joy)

Swedish: källa till (joy)709. Swedish: rad, MBCS: red (row:

line)English: row

Swedish: rät (straight)Czech: rovný (straight)

710. Swedish: råd (advice)Polish: porada (advice)Russian: sovet (advice)

Slovenian: roditi (to give birth)Czech: porodit (to give birth)Swedish: föda (to give birth)

711. Swedish: råd (advice)Russian: sovet (advice)

German: reden (to talk, speak)Slovak: povedať (to say, speak, tell)

111

712. German: gerade (straight)Russian: priamo (straight)MBCS: ravan (straight, even)

- Danish: rive (to rip)- MBCS: parati (to rip)

MBCS: roditi (to give birth)MBCS: bremenita (pregnant)

English: to bear713. Icelandic: raka saman (to

amass, gather, colect)Czech: kupit (to amass, gather, colect)

MBCS: gora (hill)

Czech: kopec, Norwegian: bakke (hill)

714. English: rakeMBCS: grabl'e (rake)

MBCS: gora (hill)German: Berg (hill)

715. Swedish: räkna (to count)Slovak: rátať (to count)

Czech: říci (to say)Geerman: reden (to speak, talk)

716. MBCS: rano (early)English: late

German: früh (early)- German: froh (happy,

glad)- German: Freude (joy,

delight)

MBCS: raniti (to wound)German: verletzen (to wound, hurt, injure)

MBCS: povreda (injure)717. German: rasch (quick, rash)

MBCS: spor (slow)- English: spear- German: Spiess (spear,

spit)

Slovenian: rešiti (to rescue)

MBCS: spasiti (to rescue)718. MBCS: rat (war)

MBCS: mir (peace)

Polish: pokój (peace)

Czech: válka (war)English: war

English: to restMBCS: mirovati, odmarati se (to rest)Slovenian: odpočiti se, počivati (to rest)Swedish: vila (to rest)Polish: opierać (się) (to rest

112

against, on s.th)719. German: raten (to advice)

- German: Rute (rod)- MBCS: prut (rod)

Slovenian: svetovati (to advice)- Dutch: weten (to know)- German: wissen (to

know)

MBCS: prati (to wash, bathe)

Dutch: wassen (to wash, bathe)720. Gothic: garatjan (to count)

MBCS: broyati (to count)MBCS: rad’ati (to give birth)German: gebären (to give birth)

721. German: Raum (space, room)MBCS: prostor (space, room)

MBCS: mirovati (to rest)English: to rest

722. Swedish: förbereda (to prepare)English: to make readySlovenian: pripraviti (to prepare)MBCS: spreman (ready)

Czech: porodit (to give birth)Slovenian: roditi (to give birth)

English: to bearMBCS: bremenita (pregnant)

723. Swedish: förbereda (to prepare)

Czech: připravit (se) (to prepare)

Danish: ret (correct)Swedish: rätt (right: morally correct)

Czech: správný (correct)Slovak: správny (right: morally correct)

724. Danish: redde (to rescue, save)MBCS: osloboditi (to rescue, free)

Norwegian: rede (quick)

English: slow725. German: reden (to talk, speak)

MBCS: kazati (to tell, say)

Czech: nařídit (to order or command)Slovak: prikázať (to order or command)

726. German: reden (to talk, speak)MBCS: govoriti (to speak)

MBCS: roditi (to give birth)German: gebären (to give birth)

727. English: reef English: roof

113

MBCS: greben (reef)- MBCS: grob (grave)- English: grave

MBCS: greben (reef)- German: graben (to dig)- English: to dig

MBCS: krov (roof)

Dutch: dak, Danish: tag (roof)728. German: Regen (rain)

Czech: déšť (rain)English: rightMBCS: desno (on or to the right)

729. German: erregen (to excite)

Slovenian: vzbuditi (to excite)

Swedish: väcka (to excite)

Dutch: rug (back), MBCS: ruka (hand and arm)Craotaian: peta (heel), English: footEnglish: back, MBCS: bok (hip)

730. Dutch: reiken (to reach)

MBCS: do(h)vatiti (to reach)

MBCS: ruka (arm and hand together)English: foot

731. Dutch: rekenen (to count)MBCS: broyati (to count)

Czech: říkat (to say)Swedish: prata (to speak, talk)

732. Norwegian: rekke (to reach)Polish: sięgnąć (to reach)MBCS: doprieti (to reach)

MBCS: dopirati (to reach)

Czech: říkat (to say)German: sagen (to say)Swedish: prata (to chat, speak, talk)MBCS: zboriti (to speak)

733. Old.Slavic: rešti (to speak, tell, talk)

Old.MBCS: sil’ati (to tell, say)

Slovenian: odrešiti (to untie, undo)German: lösen (to untie, undo)

734. Old.Slavic: rešti (to speak, tell, talk)

Old.MBCS: sil’ati (to tell, say)

Slovenian: razrešiti (to disentangle)German: lösen (to disentangle)

735. Norwegian: rett (straight)MBCS: prav (straight)

Slovenian: roditi (to give birth)English: to bear (to give birth)

114

Russian: priamo (straight) MBCS: bremenita (pregnant)736. Norwegian: rette (to direct)

Czech: obrátit (to direct)

German: reden (to speak, talk, converse)Swedish: prata (to speak, talk, converse)

737. German: retten (to rescue, save)- German: Rute (rod)- English: rod

Gothic: nasjan (to rescue, save)MBCS: roditi (to gibe birth)Slovenian: noseča (pregnant)

738. MBCS: rieka (river)German: Bach (stream, brook, rivulet)

Swedish: rygg (back)

German: Bauch (stomach, tummy, belly)

739. MBCS: rieti (to say)(dialectal)Russian: slovo (word)

German: retten (to rescue)MBCS: osloboditi (to free, rescue)

740. English: right (versus “left”)

Swedish: höger (right: versus “left”)

- German: hager (gaunt: thin or thin-faced)

- Russian: hudoščavy (gaunt)

English: right (suitable; appropriate)

Czech: vhodný (suitable; appropriate)

741. Swedish: rikta (to direct, to aim)- Czech: říkat (to say)- Old.Slavic: rešti (to say)

Czech: zamířit (to direct, to aim)

English: rest

MBCS: mir, odmor (rest)742. Norwegian: riktig (right)

MBCS: zakon (law)English: orderMBCS: red (order)

Czech: řikat (to say)German: sagen (to say)Swedish: ord (word)German: reden (to speak, talk)

115

743. German: Rind (cow, bull)

Russian: korova (cow)

German: Rinde (bark, rind, crust)Russian: kora (bark, rind, crust)

744. German: Rinde (bark, rind)

English: bark- Czech: prkno (board) - English: board

MBCS: kora (bark, rind)- Slovenian: koren (root)- English: root- German: Rute (rod) - MBCS: prut (rod)

German: Rand (edge, border, brim)

Swedish: brädd (border, edge, brim)

Swedish: brädd (border, edge, brim)

745. English: to rip- Slovak: robit’ (to work)- English: to work

English: to tear

MBCS: isparati (to rip, tear)

Swedish: bärga (to save)German: retten (to save: to rescue)Swedish: spara (to save)

746. English: to ripGerman: reissen (to rip, tear)

English: to ripenMBCS: zoriti (to ripen)

747. English: rockMBCS: greben (reef, rock, ridge)

MBCS: gora (hill)

German: Berg (hill)748. English: rod

MBCS: prut (rod)MBCS: radost (joy)German: Freude (joy)

749. MBCS: roditi (to give birth)English: birth

English: doorSlovenian: vrata (door)

750. MBCS: roditi (to give birth)English: birthSwedish: föda (to give birth)

- Danish: hvid (white)

MBCS: radost (joy)German: Freude (joy)

116

- German: weiss (white) Slovenian: vesel (joyous)751. Dutch: roest (perch)

Slovenian: gred (perch)German: riesig (very big, great)English: great

752. English: root German: Wurzel (root)Slovenian: koren (root)

MBCS: rat (war)English: warsLatvian: karš (war)

753. Norwegian: røre (to budge: to (cause to) move, even slightly)

MBCS: micati (to move)

Norwegian: røre ( to stir: to cause (a liquid etc) to be mixed especially by the constant circular movement of a spoon etc, in order to mix it)MBCS: miešati (to mix)

754. Russian: rot (mouth)- German: Rute (rod)- English: rod

German: Mund (mouth)Macedonian: radosen (merry)German: munter (merry)

755. English: row (line)

Swedish: rad, MBCS: red (row (line))

Slovenian: poravnati, izravnati (to straighten)

Swedish: rätta till, räta ut (to straighten)

756. MBCS: roždenie (birth)English: birth

- MBCS: prati (to wash, bathe)

- English: to bathe

English: raised

MBCS: peti se (to rise)757. English: to rub

Old.Slavic: tireti (to rub)English: to bear (to give birth)MBCS: roditi (to give birth)

758. German: rücken (to shift, push (away))English: to shift s.th

MBCS: gurati (to push)German: schieben (to push)

759. Norwegian: ro (rest, quiet) German: Reue (remorse, repentance)

117

Slovak: pokoj (rest, quiet) MBCS: pokayati se (to repent)MBCS: kayati se (to repent)MBCS: kayan’e (remorse)

760. MBCS: ruka (hand and arm together)English: leg

- German : legen (to lay)- English: to lay, laid

German: Rücken (back)

MBCS: led’a (back)761. MBCS: ruka (hand and arm

together)

English: hand

MBCS: rugati se (to ridicule, mock, jest, roast, poke fun)Dutch: honen (to ridicule, mock, jest, roast, poke fun)

762. Old.High.German: ruom (glory, fame)MBCS: slava (glory, fame) (“va is an ending)

MBCS: moriti (to murder)

English: to slay (to kill)763. Norwegian: rydde opp (to clean

thoroughly )Russian: ubirat' (to clean thoroughly )


English: to bear (to give birth)764. Icelandic: ryk ((powder, dust)

- English: to reek - Danish: stank (to reek)

Swedish: damm (powder, dust)English: to thinkRussian: dumat' (to think)

S

765. MBCS: sa (with)English: withGerman: mit (to see)

English: to seeSlovenian: videti (to see)MBCS: motriti (to look care-fully)

766. MBCS: sa (with)Danish: sammen (together)

German: säen (to sow)MBCS: siemena (seeds)

118

767. German: Sabber (slobber)German: Rotz (snot)

English: to sobMBCS: ridati (to sob)

768. German: Saft (juice)Slovenian: sok (juice)

English: to siftNorwegian: sikte (to sift)

769. German: sagen (to say)

MBCS: kazati (to say)

German: versagen (to fail, be unsuccesssful)MBCS: zakazati (to fail, be unsuccesssful)

770. Slovenian: šalaEnglish: joke

German: Schall (sound, echo)MBCS: jeka, odjek (sound, echo)

771. English: the same- Russian: samy (most)- English: most- English: must- Norwegian: måtte (must)

MBCS: isti (the same)English: mouthMBCS: usta (mouth)

772. Danish: samle (to gather)

MBCS: kupiti (to gather)- MBCS: kupati (to bathe)- German: baden (to

bathe)

MBCS: zeml’a (earth, soil, ground, land)

German: Boden (ground, soil, land, bottom)

773. English: sandPolish: piasek (sand)

- Slovenian: bes (fury)- English: fury

Polish: piasek (sand) - German: beissen (to

bite) - MBCS: uyesti (to bite,

sting) - MBCS: yesti (to eat)

Danish: sandhed (truth)

Dutch: waar (true)

119

- German: isst (he eats) Ukrainian: istina (truth)774. Danish: sår (wound)

MBCS: rana (wound)MBCS: usiriti (to coagulate)German: gerinnen (to coagulate)

775. English: scale- Norwegian: skalle (shell)- English: shell

Czech: šupina (scale)- German: schubsen (to

shove)- English: to shove

MBCS: l'uštiti (to scale, peel)English: to peelEnglish: hull

- German: hallen (to echo)- German: schallen (to

echo)English: hull

- English: hollow- MBCS: šupal' (hollow)- German: schieben (to

push)- English: to push

Slovenian: želeti (to wish)

English: to wishGerman: Lust (desire, lust)German: wollen (to want)

MBCS: želiti (to wish)

English: to wish776. German: schaben (to scrape)

MBCS: strugati (to scrape)German: Busch (bush, shrub)Dutch: struik (bush)

777. German: erschaffen (to create)Czech: tvořit (to create)

- Russian: dver (door)- German: Tür (door)

English: to shove

MBCS: (o)turiti (to shove)778. German: schaffen (to work)

Slovak: robit’ (to work)German: Fisch (fish)Slovenian: riba (fish)

779. German: Schall (sound)

German: Hall (reverberation, echo)

German: Schale (shell, hull, rind, peel, skin)

English: hull

120

German: leise (quiet)MBCS: šum (sound)

- English: shame- Gothic: skanda

(disgrace, shame)MBCS: rondati (to make loud and irritating sound, noise)(dialectal)Czech: hlasitý (loud)

MBCS: l'uska (peel, shell)

English: skin

German: Rinde (rind, bark)German: Hülse (hull, husk)

780. German: schauen (to look, see)

Russian: videt'

German: verabscheuen (to loathe)Russian: nenavidet' (to loathe)

781. German: schauen (to look, see)English: saw

MBCS: šiti (to sew)English: to sew

782. German: Schaum (foam)Slovenian: pena (foam)

MBCS: šuma (wood, forest)MBCS: pan’ (tree trump)

783. German: schaut (he looks at)German: blicken (to look, glance)

German: Schatz (treasure)

MBCS: blago (treasure)784. German: schelten (to scold)

MBCS: karah (I scolded)German: Schuld (guilt, blame)MBCS: grieh (guilt, sin)

785. German: Schenkel (thigh, lower leg)

Slovenian: koleno (knee)

German: schenken (to give as a present, gift)MBCS: pokloniti (to give as a present, gift)

786. German: schleudern (to hurl, fling, sling)

- German: schlitzen (to slit)

- English: to slitRussian: kidat’ (to fling, cast)

- Dutch: koud (cold)- German: kalt (cold)

Icelandic: slátra (to slaughter)

MBCS: klati (to slaughter)

121

787. Old.High.German: schricken (to jump, leap)Danish: hoppe (to jump, leap)

MBCS: srećan (happy)English: happy

788. German: Schuhe (shoe)

MBCS: obuti se (to put on shoes)

German: geschehen (to happen, occur)

MBCS: zbiti se (to happen , occur) (“o” und “z” sind prefixes in Slavonic languages)

789. English: to screamSwedish: skrika (to scream)

MBCS: vikati (to scream, shout)

Swedish: skrämma (to frighten)Norwegian: skrekk (fear, fright, scare)Russian: pugat’ (to frighten)

790. MBCS: sebe (self)English: self

Russian: spat’ (to sleep)Old.High.German: slāfan (to sleep)

791. English: to seeGerman: merken (to notice, see, discern)English: to look atMBCS: vidieti (to see)MBCS: zamietiti (to perceive)Russian: zamečat‘ (to notice)

Russian: smotret’Old.English: wlītan (to see, look at)

German: See (sea, lake)

German: Meer (sea)English: lakeMBCS: voda (wather)English: mud German: Matsch (mud, mush, sludge, slush)German: Morast (mire, morass)

Bulgarian: blato (mire, morass), Slovenian: blato (mud)

792. Swedish: segla (to sail)Dutch: varen (to sail)

- English: to wear- Daniach: bære (to wear,

carry)- English: to bear

German: sagen (to say)

MBCS: zboriti (to speak)

122

- German: gebären (to give birth)

Latvian: braukt ar kuģi (to sail)

Slovenian: govoriti (to speak, talk)MBCS: pričati (to speak)

793. German: segnen (to bless)MBCS: blagosil'ati (literally: to tell blessed)

German: singen (to sing)

MBCS: plakati (to weep, cry)794. German: sehen (to see)

MBCS: gledati (to look at)German: aussehen (to look like)MBCS: izgledati (to look like)

795. German: sehen (to see)MBCS: gledati (to look at)

German: Ansehen (reputation)MBCS: ugled (reputation)

796. German: seicht (shallow)

MBCS: plitak (shallow)

MBCS: nasukati se (to run) aground)Russian: plit' (to swim)

797. German: seicht (shallow)MBCS: plitak (shallow)

Slovenian: suh (dry)Swedish: blöt (wet)

798. Old.Frisian: sella (to give, hand over, sell)MBCS: daše (they gave)MBCS: predaše (they handed over)MBCS: prodaše (they sold)

German: Seele (soul)Slovenian: duša (soul)

Slovenian: duša (soul)Slovenian: duša (soul)

799. English: to sendMBCS: slati (to send)

Dutch: snijden (to cut, slit)English: to slit

800. English: shapeMBCS: oblik (shape)

MBCS: šapa (claw)English: claw

801. English: to shearCzech: sekat (to cut)

Lithuanian: širys (hair)MBCS: kosa (hair)

802. English: shoePolish: but (shoe)

English: to shyCzech: bát se (to fear)

803. English: to shoutMBCS: vikati (to shout)

English: to shootCraotaian: pucati (to shoot)

804. English: to shoutEnglish: to scream

German: bescheiden (modest)MBCS: skroman (modest)

123

805. English: shovelMBCS: lopata (shovel)

Slovenian: on je živel (he lived)German: er lebte (he lived)

806. English: sickMBCS: zdrav (healthy)

- English: to draw- Swedish: draga (to draw)- German: tragen (to carry,

wear)

Swedish: söka (to seek, search)

MBCS: tragati, tražiti (to search, seek)

807. German: siegen (to win, defeate, beat)

- Polish: osiągać (to reach)

- MBCS: do(h)vatiti (to reach)

- English: foot- Dutch: poot (foot)

Swedish: slå (to defeat, beat)Swedish: besegra (to win, defeat, beat)

- English: sick- Bulgarian: bolan (sick)

MBCS: dobiti, pobiediti (to win, defeate, beat)

English: badCroatin: zli (bad, evil, ill)

MBCS: bol’i (better), English: well

MBCS: dobar (good), English: bad

808. German: siegen (to win, defeat, beat, be victorious)MBCS: poraziti (to beat, defeat)MBCS: pobiediti (to to win, defeat, beat, win out, overwhelm)

- Dutch: poot (foot)- Dutch: voet (foot)

Polish: dosięgać (to reach)Czech: dorazit (to reach)

MBCS: do(h)vatiti (to reach (by

124

hand))809. German: sind (they are)

German: ist (he, she, it is)German: war (was, were)

Danish: sand (true)MBCS: istina (truth)Dutch: waar (true)

810. Swedish: skämt (joke)German: Scherz (joke)English: joke

Latvian: smiekli (laughing)Swedish: skratta (to laugh)Lithuanian: juoktis (to laugh)

811. Swedish: skapa (to create)Czech: tvořit (to create)

English: to speakGerman: Wort (word)

812. Old.Saxon: skauwon (to look at)Swedish: titta (to look at)Polish: patrzeć (to look at)

English: to look at

Danish: ske (to happen)English: to betide (to happen)Slovenian: pripetiti se (to happen)Russian: slučat’ sia (to happen)

813. Danish: skov (wood, forest)Swedish: skog (wood)

English: to skipPolish: skakać (to skip)

814. Swedish: skona (to spare, save)

MBCS: pošted‘en (spared, saved)

MBCS: skontati (to understand)(dialectal)

German: Verstand (understanding)

815. Danish: skov (wood, forest)MBCS: šuma (wood, forest)

Slovenian: šiv (seam)English: seam

816. Danish: skum (foam)

Czech: pěna (foam)

English: stump (there is sk-st sound change in Slavonic languages)Russian: pen‘, peniok (stump)

817. Gothic: slahan (to strike: to hit, knock)Swedish: träffa (to strike: to hit, knock)

Slovak: udrieť (to strike: to hit,

Czech: slhát (to tell a lie)

Dutch: vertrouwen (to faith: trust or belief)

125

knock) English: true818. MBCS: slama (straw)

English: straw- MBCS: strava (scare)- Dutch: schrik (fright,

scare)

Old.English: small (narrow)

MBCS: širok (broad, wide)819. Icelandic: slátra (to slaughter)

Russian: kolol (has slaughtered)Dutch: sleutel (key)Icelandic: lykill (key)

820. Icelandic: slátra (to slaughter)MBCS: klati (to slaughter)

English: to slideGerman: gleiten (to glide, slide)

821. English: to sleep

Polish: mara (dream)

MBCS: slava (glory, fame, praise)Old.High.German: ruom (glory, fame, praise)

822. Danish: slim, MBCS: slina (mucus)Russian: sliz (mucus)

Swedish: slinta (to slip)Polish: wyślizgnąć się (to slip)

823. MBCS: sloboda (liberty, freedom)English: free

- Old.High.German: frō (happy, glad, joyful)

- German: Freude (joy)

Russian: slovo (word)

English: word824. Russian: slovo (word)(“ovo is

an ending)Swedish: ord (word)

English: sailMBCS: yedro (sail: a sheet)

825. Middle.Dutch: smarte (pain)MBCS: bol (pain)

- Slovenian: bel (white)- German: weiss (white)

English: smart (clever)

English: wise826. Swedish: smärta (to pain)

MBCS: bol (pain, ache)Czech: trápit (to pain)

Russian: smert (death)Gerrman: leben (to live)German: sterben (to die) („s“ is prefix in slavonic languages)

126

827. Swedish: smärta (to pain)

MBCS: boliti (to pain)- MBCS: bolest, Russian:

bolezn’ (illness, sickness, disease)

Swedish: värka (to pain)- MBCS: varka

(deception)- German: trügen (to

deceive)- German: tragen (to wear,

carry)- Slovenian: nositi (to

wear, carry)

German: träumst (you are dreaming)

English: to sleep

MBCS: san (dream, sleep, slumber)

828. Slovenian: smer (direction)Swedish: riktning (direction)

- Czech: říkat (to say)- Old.Slavic: rešti (to say)

Ukrainian: smert’ (death)

Old.Saxon: rasta (death camp)829. Slovenian: smer (direction)

Danish: retning (direction)MBCS: mir (peace)MBCS: rat (war)

830. English: to smile

Russian: Russian: ulibat' sia (to smile)

Czech: milovat, Latvian: mīlēt (to love)

German: lieben (to love)831. Dutch: smeulen (to smolder)

MBCS: tin’ati (to smolder)Danish: gløde (to smolder)Swedish: pyra (to smolder)


- English: to bathe- English: to bet

Dutch: smal (narrow)Norwegian: tynn (thin)Slovenian: dolg (long)

German: breit (broad)

127

- German: wetten (to bet) German: weit (wide)832. English: smith

Czech: kovář (smith)

Russian: mit’ (to bathe) (“s” is prefix in Slavonic languages)MBCS: kupati (to bathe)

833. Dutch: snel (quick)English: weakRussian: krepky (strong)Norwegian: rede (quick)

- English: red- Russian: krasny (red)

English: smallEnglish: bigMBCS: krupan (big, great)

German: gross (big, great)834. English: to sniff

MBCS: n’ušiti (to sniff)MBCS: snivati (to dream)MBCS: san (dream)

835. Dutch: snijden (to cut, slit)English: to slit

- MBCS: slatko (sweet)- English: sweet

Czech: sekat (to cut)- German: siegen (to win,

beat)- MBCS: pobiediti (to

win, beat)MBCS: rasporiti (to slit)

- MBCS: bara (puddle)- English: puddle

Slovenian: rezati (to cut)- English: rest- MBCS: mir, odmor

(rest)- Russian: mir (world

(space))- Slovenian: svet (world)

MBCS: znoy (sweat)

English: sweat

Slovak: potiť se (to sweat)

Russian: potel (he sweated)

English: sweat836. Dutch: snijden (to cut, slit)

Czech: sekat (to cut)- Swedish: sikte (sight)

MBCS: znadem (I know)

128

- English: to see- Slovenian: videti (to see) Danish: vide (to know)

837. Middle.Dutch: snuten (to blow one’s nose)MBCS: useknuti se (to blow one’s nose)

Old.Saxon: snīthan (to cut)

Czech: seknutí (cutting)838. Norwegian: sove (to sleep)

MBCS: usnuti (to fall asleep)Slovenian: buden (awake)


English: awake- MBCS: navika (habit)- MBCS: navada (habit)

German: wissen (to know)Russian: znat’ (to know)

Czech: vĕdĕt (to know)

Danish: vide (to know)839. German: spart (saves, uses

sparingly)MBCS:štedi (saves, uses sparingy)

Dutch: paard (horse)

English: stud (stallion)840. MBCS: spasiti (to rescue)

German: retten (to rescue)- Old.Norse: ríta (to tear,

carve)- German: reissen (to tear)

Russian: spešit’ (to rush, hurry)

Old.English: rāēsan (to rush, hurry)

841. German: Speer (spear)Czech: kopí (spear)

MBCS: spirati (to wash away)MBCS: kupati (to bathe)

842. Latvian: spīdēt (to shine: to (cause to) give out light)Swedish: lysa upp (to light: to give light to )

Danish: pudse (to polish)

Slovak: leštiť (to polish)843. German: Spiess (spit: a type of

sharp-pointed metal bar on which meat is roasted)Polish: rożen (spit)

MBCS: spas (rescue, saving)German: retten (to save, rescue)

129

844. Danish: spire (to sprout)MBCS: kliyati (to sprout, bud)

English: to swear (an oath)MBCS: kleti se (to swear)

845. MBCS: spor (slow)Norwegian: rede (quick)German: rasch (quick, swift)

MBCS: spasiti (to rescue)Swedish: rädda (to rescue)Slovenian: rešiti (to rescue)

846. Czech: spor (feud)

Dutch: vete (feud)

Icelandic: spyrja (to ask: to inquire)MBCS: pitati (to ask: to inquire)

847. Czech: spor (feud)

Dutch: vete (feud)

Slovenian: prositi (to ask: to request)German: bitten (to ask: to request)

848. German: spotten (to mock, ridicule)MBCS: rugati se (to mock, ridicule)

English: to spit

MBCS: hrakati (to spit)849. German: Spur (track, spoor)

MBCS: trag (track, spoor)- MBCS: trgati (to tear)- English: to tear

MBCS: spasiti (to rescue)

German: retten (to rescue)850. English: to stab

German: stechen (to stab)Norwegian: stabel (pile: heap)Czech: stoh (pile: heap)

851. English: to standMBCS: ležan'e (lying)

German: zuständig (responsible)MBCS: nadležan (responsible)

852. English: to standMBCS: stoyati (to stand)

German: anständig (decent)MBCS: pristoyan (decent)

853. MBCS: starog (of the old man)

MBCS: mlad (young)

MBCS: strog (strict, rigorous, rigid)Danish: mild; blid (soft: not strict (enough))

854. English: starGerman: Stern (star)Russian: zvezda (star)

German: stark (strong)English: strongEnglish: fast („z“ is slavonic prefix)

130

855. MBCS: star (old)English: old

- Old.Norse: lída (to go)- English: to go- Swedish: gi (to give)- Swedish: giva (to give))

Russian: molod (young)- Latvian: mīlēt (to love) - English: to love

German: sterben (to die)

Lithuanian: gyventi (to live)

English: to live856. English: star

English: sun

Russian: zdarovy (in good health)Old.Frisian: sund (in good health)

857. English: to stareMBCS: bul’iti (to stare)

German: Stier (bull)English: bull

858. German: to starren (to stare)

MBCS: viditi (to see)

German: steuern (to steer, control, manage, run)MBCS: voziti (to steer), voditi control, manage, run)

859. English: to steal

MBCS: krasti (to steal)

English: slit (a long cut; a narrow opening) (transposition)Swedish: skåra (a long cut; a narrow opening) (transposition)

860. German: stecken (to put, stick s.th in(to))English: to put in(to)English: to tuck s.th in(to)

German: steigen (to rise)MBCS: peti se (to rise)MBCS: dignuti (to raise)

861. German: stehen (to stand)

MBCS: stayati (to stand)

German: entstehen (to come into being, to develop, evolve, to originate, take shape, emerge)MBCS: postayati (roughly all senses from above)

862. German: stehen (to stand) German: bestehen aus (to consist of)

131

MBCS: stoyati (to stand) MBCS: sastoyati se (to consist of)

863. German: stehen (to stand)MBCS: stoyati (to stand)

German: bestehen (to exist)MBCS: postoyati (to exist)

864. German: Stelle (place, spot)

Slovenian: mesto (place, spot)- English: must- MBCS: morati (must)

German: still (still, quiet, peacefull, calm)

MBCS: miran (still, quiet, peacefull, calm)

865. German: stellen (to put, place)MBCS: staviti (to put, place)

German: vorstellen (to present)MBCS: predstaviti (to present)

866. German: stellen (to put, place)

MBCS: staviti (to put, place)

German: sich vorstellen (to introduce o.s)MBCS: predstaviti se (to introduce o.s)

867. German: stellen (to put, place)

MBCS: staviti (to put, place)

German: darstellen (to constitute, represent)MBCS: predstavl’ati (to represent)

868. German: stemmen (to lift (above one's head))

MBCS: dizati (to lift)

MBCS: taman, Russian: smutny (dark)German: düster (dark)

869. German: stemmen (to lift (above one's head)MBCS: dizati (to lift)English: to lift

German: Atem (breath)MBCS: disati (to breathe)German: Luft (air)

870. Dutch: sterven (to die)German: leben (to live)Russian: žit‘ (to live)

- German: schauen (to look at, see, behold)

- Danish: skue (to see,

MBCS: zdrav (healthy)Slovenian: bolan (ill, sick)

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behold) Norwegian: syk (ill, sick)871. Dutch: versterven (to die, pass

away)German: Tod (death)MBCS: umirati (to die)Russian: umirat’ (to die)

- MBCS: morati (must)- English: must

English: be borneMBCS: bremenita (pregnant)

Slovenian: prostor (room, space)Swedish: tid (time)German: Raum (room, space)

Czech: místo (room, space)Polish: pora (time)MBCS: vremena (times)

872. English: to stinkEnglish: to smellGerman: Mist (droppings)German: Dung (dung, manure)

English: to thinkRussian: mislit' (to think)Slovenian: misel (thought)German: denken (to think)

873. English: to stinkRussian: pachnut (to reek, smell)

English: to sting

Czech: píchat (to sting)874. Swedish: stor (big, great)

English: small- MBCS: smiela (she had

the permission)- MBCS: smieti (to have

permission)

German: stören (to disturb, jam)

MBCS: smetati (to disturb, jam)875. German: Stör (sturgeon)

MBCS: smud’ (sturgeon)German: stören (to disturb)MBCS: smetati (to disturb)

876. German: stören (to disturb, be a nuisance, obstruct, bother, interfere)MBCS: smetati (to disturb, bother, interfere, obstruct)MBCS: remetiti (to disturb)

Slovenian: prostor (room, space)

MBCS: miesto (room, space)German: Raum (room, space)

877. German: stören (to disturb, jam)MBCS: ometati (to disturb, jam)

MBCS: prostor (room, space)

English: time

133

878. English: storm MBCS: bura (storm, gale storm)

- Swedish: bära (to wear)- English: to wear, to wry

MBCS: strm (awry, skew, steep)

English: awry (askew, skew-whiff)

879. English: storm MBCS: bura (storm, gale storm)

Russian: smert (death)English: to bear (to give birth)

880. Swedish: stötta (to support)MBCS: podupirati, poduprieti (to support)


- Russian: neopryatny (dirty)

- Polish: brud (dirt)

German: Stute (mare)

Dutch: paard (horse)881. Swedish: stoft (dust), Icelandic:

duft (powder)Czech: prach (dust, powder)

- Czech: břicho (belly)- German: Bauch (belly)

Danish: smuld (powder)Icelandic: ryk (dust, powder)

Danish: duft (smell)

Czech: puch (smell)English: smelledEnglish: reek (a strong, usually unpleasant smell)

882. English: straddle (to sit or stand astride of)

German: spreizen (to spread, straddle)

MBCS: prostrieti (to spread out)

English: to spread out

883. English: strife (conflict, fighting, quarrelling)

German: Streit (quarrel, fight)

German: treffen (to meet by chance)Slovak: stretnúť (to meet by chance)

884. German: streben (to strive) German: sterben (to die, starve)

134

Russian: stremit' sia (to strive) Russian: smert (death)885. English: to stretch

German: (sich) recken (to stretch (o.s))

MBCS: štrčati (to tower, jut, project)

German: ragen (to tower, jut, project)

886. German: streuen (to strew, scatter, sprinkle)

Slovak: striekať (to sprinkle)

MBCS: prostirati se (to stretch over)German: strecken (to stretch)

887. English: stride (step) Czech: krok (step)

MBCS: strašiti se (to fear)Norwegian: skrekk (fear)

888. Bulgarian: strigane (shearing)German: scheren (to shear)

MBCS: strugan’e (scraping)German: scharren (to scrape, paw)

889. Czech: střih (shearing)German: scheren (to shear)

Swedish: klippa (to shear)

Slovenian: strah (fear)English: scare (a sudden fear or anxiety)Czech: polekat (to scare)

890. German: suchen (to search)Dutch: zoeken (to search)Russian: nayti (to find)Slovak: nájsť (to find)MBCS: tražiti, tragati (to search) English: to find

- English: to wind - MBCS: viti (to wind)

Russian: iskat’ (to search)- English: to ask- MBCS: pitati (to ask)- Russian: pitat’ (fo feed)- English: to feed

MBCS: suh (dry)English: soakedDutch: nat (wet)German: nass (wet)

German: trocken

English: wet

English: wet891. MBCS: suditi (to judge) MBCS: disati (to breathe)

135

Swedish: döma (to judge) Dutch: ademen (to breathe)892. German: Suende (sin)

English: sinUkrainian: grih (sin)

- MBCS: kruh (bread)- Russian: hleb (bread)

Russian: greh (sin)- MBCS: kruh (bread)- MBCS: kruv (bread)- Ukrainian: krov (blood)- German: Blut

German: gesund (healthy)Norwegian: sunn (healthy)

Russian: bolan (ill, sick)

MBCS: bolest (disease, illness, sickness)

893. English: sunEnglish: starRussian: solnce (sun)

- German: schallen (to echo)

- German: hallen (to echo)

Swedish: sund (healthy)Russian: zdarov (healthy)

German: heilen (to heal (up))894. MBCS: prosuti (to spill, pour

over)German: (ver)schütten (to spill, pour over)

English: to see

German: schaut (he looks at, sees)

895. Danish: svale (to swallow)

Swedish: sluka (to swallow)

German: Zufall (chance, accident)MBCS: slučay (chance, accident)

896. Slovak: svár (feud)Dutch: vete (feud)

Swedish: svära på (to vow)MBCS: zaviet, Russian: obet (vow)

897. Slovak: svár (feud)Dutch: vete (feud)

Swedish: svära (to swear)MBCS: zaviet (oath)

898. Swedish: svära på (to vow)MBCS: zaviet (vow)

MBCS: zboriti (to speak)Slovenian: povedati (to tell,

136

Polish: przysięgać (to vow)Lithuanian: prisiekti (to vow)

Dutch: plechtig beloven (to vow)

- MBCS: polivati (to pour upon)

- Czech: proudit (to pour)

speak)German: sagen (to say, tell)Lithuanian: sakyti (to say, tell, speak)

Swedish: prata (to talk, speak)899. Swedish: svära (to swear)

Polish: przysięgać (to swear)

MBCS: kleti se (to swear)- English: to glow - Slovak: tlieť, sálať (to

glow)

MBCS: zboriti (to speak)Swedish: säga (to say, speak, tell)

English: to tell, Slovak: vyslovit (to speak)

900. Swedish: svära på (to vow)MBCS: zaviet (vow)

- English: to wet- Ukrainian: zmočiti (to

wet)

English: sword

Russian: meč (sword)901. Russian: svoboda (freedom)

English: be freed- German: Friede (peace)- Ukrainian: mir (peace)- German: Raum (room,

space)- Slovenian: mesto (room,

space)

English: to sweep

MBCS: mesti (to sweep)902. English: swamp (wet, marshy

ground)Polish: błota (swamp)

English: to swimRussian: plit' (to swim)

903. English: swarm (a group of

137

many things)German: Schar (a group of many things)English: herd (a group of cattle, a crowd)

English: crowd

English: warm

Russian: žara (heat)

German: Herd (cooker, stove, hearth)MBCS: zagriavati (to heat (up))

904. Russian: spat’ (to sleep)Swedish: sova (to sleep)

English: to swaySlovenian: zibati (to sway)

905. English: to swell

Lithuanian: ištinti (to swell)

English: small (earlier meant also thin)MBCS: tanak (thin), English: thin

906. English: to swallow

Russian: glotat’ (to swallow)

Middle.Low.German: swelen ( to smolder)Danish: gløde (to smolder)

907. English: swineEnglish: boar (male pig)

English: to swindleMBCS: varati (to swindle)

908. Norwegian: syk (sick, ill)Slovenian: bolan (ill)Russian: isceliat’ (to cure)Slovenian: zaceliti (se) (to heal)

Englisah: to kissMBCS: l’ubiti (to kiss)Polish: całować (to kiss)Polish: całować (to kiss)

T

909. German: Tag (day)MBCS: dan (day)English: day

Russian: togda (then)Dutch: dan (then)Swedish: då (then)

910. German: Tag (day)

Slovenian: dan (day)

Middle.Low.German: tug (pulling, drawing)Old.English: tēon (to pull, draw)

911. English: to takeRussian: brat' (to take)

German: gut (good)Swedish: bra (good)

138

English: to giveMBCS: davati

English: wickedMBCS: dobar (good)

912. English: to take- Danish: takke (to thank)- English: to thank

MBCS: uzimao (he took)English: to thinkMBCS: misao (thought)

913. Old.Norse: tal (number)MBCS: broy (number)

German: Tal (valley)MBCS: brieg (hill)(y-g difference)

914. Swedish: tala (to tell, talk, speak)

German: sagen (to say, tell)German: reden (to talk, speak)

- MBCS: rd’a (rust)- Czech: rez (rust)

MBCS: govoriti (to say, speak, talk)

Swedish: förtala, baktala (to slander)Czech: osočit (to slander)

Slovak: uraziť (to slander)

MBCS: ogovarati (to slander)915. English: to tame

MBCS: krotiti (to tame)MBCS: tama (darkness)English: dark

916. English: to tap (to give a light knock)

MBCS: tuknuti (to give a light knock)

English: to tap (to draw beer out of barrel, keg)

MBCS: točiti (to draw beer out of barrel, keg)

917. Swedish: tappa (to drop, to let fall)Czech: pustit (to drop, to let fall)

- English: best, betterMBCS: padati (to fall)

English: top

English: bottomGerman: Boden (bottom)

918. Icelandic: tæta (to tear) Slovenian: pritisniti, stisniti (se) (to press)

139

MBCS: trgati (to tear) Danish: trykke sig (to press)919. Icelandic: tæta (to tear)

English: to tear

Norwegian: dytte (to shove, push)MBCS: turiti (to shove)

920. German. taub (deaf)MBCS: gluh (deaf)English: deaf

Russian: tupoy (stupid)German: klug (clever, wise)German: doof (daft, dumb)

921. MBCS: terati (to drive, rush, push)

- English: to tear- MBCS: derati (to tear)


MBCS: durati (to bear, stand, endure)

Russian: terpet’ (to bear, stand, endure)

922. MBCS: terati (to drive, rush, push)

- English: to tear- MBCS: derati (to tear)



English: birth923. English: to tell

German: Wörter (words) Swedish: prata (to speak)

MBCS: dal’e (further)English: furtherDutch: verder (further)

924. Russian: ten’ (shadow)MBCS: sienka (shadow)

Russian: tonut’ (to sink)English: to sink

925. Norwegian: tenke (to think)MBCS: misliti (to think)

German: kneten (to knead)Russian: mesit’(to knead)

926. English: to thinkGerman: sinnen (to think)

MBCS: toniti (to sink)(-k)English: to sink (+k)

927. English: to thinkMBCS: misliti (to think)Slovenian: misliti (to think)Russian: dumal (he thought)

MBCS: tanki (thin)English: slimOld.English: smæl (narrow)MBCS: debel (thick)

140

English: thoughtGerman: brüten (to brood , think over s.th)

English: thick

German: breit (broad)928. English: thread

MBCS: konacEnglish: throatEnglish: neck, German: Kinn (chin)

929. English: throat (the front part of the neck)

MBCS: vrat (the front part of the neck)

Icelandic: troða (to thrust: to push violently)

Czech: vrazit (to thrust: to push violently)

930. English: throatMBCS: vrat (neck)

German: dreht (it turns)MBCS:vrti (it turns)

931. English: throat (the front part of the neck)MBCS: vrat (the front part of the neck)

English: to threaten

MBCS: prietiti (to threaten)932. English: thunder

Dutch: donder (thunder)Russian: grom (thunder)

Ghotic: tundnan (to burn)Danish: tænde (to kindle)MBCS: gorim (I am burning)

933. English: thunder Slovenian: grom (thunder)

German: tanzen (to dance)MBCS: igran'e (playing, dancing)

934. Swedish: tid (time)German: Raum (room, space)MBCS: prostor (room, space)

German: Tod (death)MBCS: umirati (to die)Dutch: sterven (to die)

935. Danish: tid (time)MBCS: vrieme (time)

German: verteidigen (to defend)Slovenian: braniti (to defend)

936. Danish: tid (time)English: time

- English: tame- Old.High.German: zam

(tame)

MBCS: studen (cold (noun))

Polish: zimny (cold (adjective))

141

MBCS: vrieme (time) German: warm (warm)937. German: tief (deep)

Russian: gluboky (deep)English: deep

German: doof, English: daft (dumb)Russian: glupy (dumb, stupid)MBCS: tup (stupid)

938. MBCS: tielo (body)MBCS: duša (soul)

German: urteilen (to judge)MBCS: suditi (to judge)

939. Icelandic: tína (to gather, collect)Norwegian: sanke (to gather, collect)

MBCS: tonuti (to sink)

English: to sink940. English: s.th tires s.o

MBCS: umoriti (to tire)English: to restMBCS: MBCS: mirovati (to rest (to pause)), odmoriti se (to rest up)

941. English: to tireMBCS: umoriti (to tire)

MBCS: rat (war)Russian: mir (peace)

942. English: top

German: oben (up, above)

English: over

MBCS: peti se (to rise, go up, climb)MBCS: pen'ati se (to rise, go up, climb)MBCS: verati se (to climb, clamber)

943. German: tragen (to bear, carry, wear)

MBCS: nositi (to bear, carry, wear)

Polish: korzyść (benefit, advantage, gain)German: Nutzen (benefit, advantage, gain)

944. German: tragen (to bear, carry, wear)MBCS: nositi (to bear, carry, wear)Swedish: bära (to wear, carry)

- MBCS: boriti se (to

German: trocken (dry)

German: nass (wet)

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fight) - Dutch: vechten (to fight) Dutch: vochtig (wet)

945. Czech: třást se (to shudder)English: to shudderDanish: skælve (to shudder) (-s)

- Dutch: klieven (to cleave, split)

- MBCS: ciepati (to split)

German: treten (to kick)MBCS: šutati (to kick)

Dutch: schoppen (to kick) (“s” is prefix in Slavonic languages)

946. German: Trauer (sorrow, sadness)MBCS: tuga (sorrow, sadness)

Swedish: dra (to drag, draw)Old.English: togian (to drag, draw)

947. MBCS: treba li (should)

English: should

MBCS: triebiti (to scale (off), to shell)English: to shell, to scale (off)

948. MBCS: treba li (should)English: should

- Russian: šol (was going)- Dutch: gaan (to go)

German: treiben (to urge (along), push, rush))

MBCS: goniti (to urge (along), push, rush))

949. MBCS: trebati (to need)

German: benötigen (to need)

Russian: terpet’ (to tolerate, endure, stand for)MBCS: podnieti, snieti (to tolerate, endure, stand for)(dialectal)

950. English: treeRussian: les (wood, forest)

German: Träne (tear (drop))Russian: sleza („s“ is prefix in Slavonic languages)

951. Swedish: trave (pile: heap)Russian: gruda (pile: heap)

- English: great- German: gross (great)

Russian: trava (grass)

Swedish: gräs (grass)952. English: to tread English: to throttle

143

MBCS: gaziti (to tread) MBCS: gušiti (to throttle)953. MBCS: trebati (to need)

English: to need- Slovenian: nuditi (to

offer)- German: bieten (to

offer)

English: to drop

MBCS: peti se (to rise, go up), padati (to drop, fall)

954. Norwegian: trette (to argue, dispute)Czech: přít se (to argue, dispute)MBCS: svad’ati se (to dispute, quarrel)

MBCS: trudna (pregnant)

English: birth

Swedish: föda (to give birth)955. German: trinken (to drink)

MBCS: piti (to drink)German: ertrinken (to drown)MBCS: utopiti se (to drown)

956. German: trocken (dry)

MBCS: suv (dry)English: wetCroarian: vlaga (moisture)

German: drängen (to push, shove)Russain: sovat’ (to push, shove)MBCS: vut’i (to pull, draw)Croatiav: vlačiti (to pull, schlep(p)))

957. Danish: trods (defiance)Slovak: vzdor (defiance)Polish: opór (defiance)

MBCS: trudna (pregnant)Slovenian: roditi (to give birth)English: to bear (to give birth)

958. German: tropfen (to drip)MBCS: kapati (to drip)

MBCS: prati (to wash, bathe)Slovenian: kopati (to bathe)

959. Danish: true (to threaten)English: to threatenMBCS: prietiti (to threaten)

- German: braut (he brewes)

- English: brewedPolish: grozić (to be a threat)

English: trueEnglish: truth

Polish: prawda (truth)

144

- English: grass- Slovenian: trava (grass)

Russian: grozit’ (to be a threat)- Russian: krasny (red)- English: red- MBCS: roditi (to bear)- Swedish: bära (to wear)- English: to wear

English: true

Dutch: waar (true)960. English: true

Dutch: waar (true)Russian: prawda (truth)MBCS: iskren (sincere)

Dutch: draaien (to turn)Norwegian: vri (to turn, revolve)Swedish: vrida (to turn, revolve)MBCS: okrenuti (to turn)

961. Danish: true (to threaten)

MBCS: prietiti (to threaten)

Dutch: draaien (to turn, revolve)MBCS: obrtati se (to revolve), vrtiti (to turn, spin)

962. Danish: true (to threaten)Polish: grozić (to threaten)

MBCS: trava (grass)German: Gras (grass)

963. German: trügen (to deceive)MBCS: varati (to deceive)

- English: to wear- Swedish: bära (to wear)

MBCS: trgati (to tear)Danish: rive (to rip, tear)

MBCS: parati (to rip, tear open)964. English: truth

Swedish: sann (true)Dutch: waar (true)Slovenian: resnica (truth)

- Czech: rez (rust)- English: rust

MBCS: trudna (pregnant)Slovenian: noseča (pregnant)English: to bear

Russian: roždenie (birth)965. Slovak: trvať (to last)

English: to last

Czech: otravovat (to hassle, annoy)German: belästigen (to hassle, annoy)

966. Old.Norse: tun (fence, hedge) Lithuanian: tinti (to swell),MBCS: nadimati (se) (to bloat, swell)

145

Czech: plot (fence) English: to bloat967. German: Tür (door)

Russian: dver (door)German: Tier (animal)Russian: zver (animal)

968. English: to turn

MBCS: vrtiti (se) (to turn)

English: to return (to come back)MBCS: vratiti se (to come back)

969. English: twigMBCS: grana (twig)

- Dutch: groeien (to grow)- MBCS: rasti (to grow,

rise)

Slovenian: dvigati se (to rise)

English: to rise970. Old.English: tyge (pulling,

drawing)English: to shove

Danish: tygge (to chew)Russian: ževat‘ (to chew)

U

971. English: udderMBCS: vime (udder)

MBCS: ridati (to sob)German: wimmern (to whimper)

972. English: usGerman: uns (us)Russian: menia (me)

Slovenian: usta (mouth)MBCS: usna (lip)Icelandic: munnur (mouth)

973. Slovenian: usta (mouth)English: mouth

- Russian: mit’ (to bathe)- English: to bathe

MBCS: yesti (to eat)

English: to bite974. MBCS: um (mind)

Old.Norse: minni (mind)MBCS: ime (name)English: name

975. MBCS: um (mind)English: mind

MBCS: naum (intention)Old.English: gemynd (intention)

146

V

976. Swedish: vad (what)MBCS: što (what)

Slovenian: videti (to see)German: schaute (he looked at, watched)

977. Latvian: vadīt (to drive (a car))

Lithuanian: vairuoti (to drive (a car))German: fahren (to drive (a car))Danish: køre (to drive (a car))


- Dutch: kiezen (to choose)

Slovak: povedať (to speak, say, tell)

MBCS: zboriti (to speak)

Slovak: vravieť (to speak)Czech: říkat (to tell)

MBCS: kazati (to tell, say)978. Latvian: vadīt (to drive (a car))

Norwegian: fore (to drive (a car))English: ride

Swedish: föda (to give birth)

English: to bear (to give birth)MBCS: roditi (to give birth)

979. Danish: vågen (awake)

Slovenian: buden (awake)

German: Weg (way, path, track, road)MBCS: put (way, path, track, road)

980. Danish: vågen (awake)- English: to give- German: geben (to give)

Slovenian: buden (awake)- German: baden (to

bathe)- Dutch: wassen (to wash,

bathe)- MBCS: vezati (to bind)- English: to bind



147

Slovenian: buden (awake) MBCS: dobiti (to win, get, receive)

981. Icelandic: vagga (to wiggle)Czech: kroutit (to wiggle)

MBCS: vući (to drag)Danish: trække (to drag)

982. Icelandic: vagga (to wiggle)Czech: kroutit (to wiggle)

Swedish: bygga (to build)Slovenian: (z)graditi (to build)

983. Swedish: val (whale)MBCS: kit (whale)

English: wellEnglish: good

984. Swedish: välja (to choose)Dutch: kiezen (to choose)

- English: to kiss- MBCS: l’ubiti (to kiss)

MBCS: vol’eti (to love)

German: lieben (to love)985. Swedish: välja (to choose)

Dutch: kiezen (to choose)- English: to kiss- MBCS: l’ubiti (to kiss)- German: lieben (to love)- MBCS: vol’eti (to love)

Dutch: vallen (to fall)

Dutch: vallen (to fall)986. Icelandic: væl (wail, howl: long

cry)

MBCS: jauk, jaukan'e (cry, howl)

MBCS: loviti (to hunt, hound, chase)

German: jagen (to hunt, hound, chase)

987. Icelandic: vara (við) (to warn)MBCS: upozoriti (to warn)Swedish: varna (to warn)Latvian: brīdināt (to warn)

English: fireCzech: požár (fire)Norwegian: brann (fire)Swedish: brand (fire)

988. MBCS: varati (to deceive)Swedish: bedra (to deceive)

German: währen (to last)MBCS: trayati (to last)

989. MBCS: varati (to deceive, cheat)Swedish: bedra (to deceive, cheat)

Dutch: waar (true)

English: true

148

990. Czech: (u)vařit (to boil)Swedish: puttra (to simmer)

English: fireMBCS: vatra (fire)

991. Norwegian: varsle (to warn)English: to warnCzech: upozornit (to warn)

Russian: vraščat‘ (sia) (to turn)MBCS: uvrnuti (to turn, spin)English: to turn

992. Swedish: väsen (being)- German: Wasser (water)- English: water

Slovenian: bitje (being)- English: to bite- German: beissen (to

bite)

German: Wut (rage, fury) (s-t)

MBCS: bies (rage, fury) (t-s)993. German: Vater (father)

MBCS: mati (mother)MBCS: otac

German: fuettern (to feed)Swedish: mata (to feed)English: to eat

994. German: Vater (father)Swedish: far (father)

MBCS: vatra (fire)English: fire

995. MBCS: vatra (fire)Russian: ogon’ (fire)MBCS: goriti (to burn)

MBCS: sviet’a (candle)English: candleIcelandic: kerti (candle)

996. Slovenian: vedeti, Danish: vide (to know)German: wissen (to know)Danish: lære (to learn)

- Swedish: förlora (to lose)

- English: to lose

MBCS: voditi (to lead)Czech: vést (to lead)

Gothic: laistjan (to follow)997. Czech: zvednout (se) (to heave,

hoist, lift)Norwegian: heve, hive (to heave, hoist, lift)

MBCS: osveta (revenge)

Danish: hævn (revenge)998. Icelandic: útvega (to provide,

supply)MBCS: snabdieti (to provide,

Danish: vågen (awake)

149

supply)

Danish: forsyne (to provide, supply)

Czech: zásobovat (to supply)Polish: zasób (supply)

- German: sieben (to sieve)

- English: to sievePolish: zapewnić (to provide)Swedish: skaffa (to provide, supply)

- Swedish: skuffa (to shove)

- Russian: sovat‘ (to shove)

MBCS: bdieti (to be awake, not sleep)

Russian: son (dream, sleep, slumber)Russian: zasipat’ (to fall asleep)

Swedish: sova (to sleep)MBCS: spavati (to sleep)

Danish: sove (to sleep)999. Icelandic: veiða (to hunt)


MBCS: loviti (to hunt)- English: to love- MBCS: voliti (to love)

English: bad

English: well1000. Icelandic: veiða (to hunt)

MBCS: loviti (to hunt)- English: to love- Czech: láska (love)

Slovenian: loviti (to hunt)- English: to love- MBCS: voliti (to love)

English: wood

Russian: les (wood, forest)

German: Wald (wood, forest)1001. Danish: forveksle (to confuse)

Czech: (s)plést (si) (to confuse)Norwegian: blande sammen (to confuse)

Norwegian: fukte (to wet), Polish: zwilżać (to moisten)

Swedish: blöta (to wet)

150

Slovak: pliesť si (to confuseRussian: putat‘(to confuse)


Slovenian: pomešati (to confuse)Slovenian: pomešati ‘to confuse)

Swedish: blöta (to wet)

English: to wet

Slovenian: pomočiti (to wet)

English: to moisten1002. Icelandic: velja (to choose)

MBCS: biran’e (choosing)MBCS: paliti (to burn s.th)English: to burn

1003. Icelandic: velja (to choose)Dutch: kiezen (to choose)MBCS: birati (to choose)

German: Fell (fur, skin, fell)MBCS: koža (skin, hide)English: fur

1004. Icelandic: velta (to roll)Russian: katit‘ sia (to roll)

English: wellGerman: gut (good)

1005. MBCS: venuti (to wilt)

English: to wilt- German: Wald (wood)- English: wood

German: welken (to wilt)Latvian: vilkt (to pull)MBCS: vukla (she pulled)

German: gewöhnen (to make s.b used or accustomed)

MBCS: navaditi (to make s.b used or accustomed)

Russian: privikat’ (to make s.b used or accustomed)

1006. Dutch: ver (far)- English: to wear- Swedish: bära (to wear)

MBCS: daleko (far)- MBCS: dolina (valley)- German: Tal (valley)

MBCS: broyati (to count)

Norwegian: telle (to count)1007. Dutch: ver (far)

German: weit (far)MBCS: dalek (far)

Danish: føre (to lead)MBCS: voditi (to lead)English: to lead

151

1008. Russian: veršina (peak)

Slovenian: dno (bottom)

MBCS: završiti (se) (to end, finish)English: to end

1009. Slovenian: vesel (glad: pleased or happy )Slovak: rád (glad: pleased or happy )

MBCS: veslati (to row)

German: rudern (to row)1010. Russian: nevesta (bride)

Swedish: brud (bride)- Danish: byrde (burden)

Old.Slavic: vesti (to carry, to convey)

Danish: bære (to carry), overføre (to convey)

1011. Russian: nevesta (bride)- Russian: vesti (to lead,

guide)- MBCS: voditi (to lead,

guide)Swedish: brud (bride)

Danish: føde (to give birth)English: birth

1012. Russian: nevesta (bride)- Russian: vesti (to lead)- MBCS: voditi (to lead)

English: brideEnglish: wideEnglish: broad

1013. Russian: videl (he has seen)English: watchOld.High.German: warten (to look out for)

German: wedeln (to wag (tail))English: to wag (tail)

MBCS: vrtiti (to wag (tail))1014. MBCS: navikli se (they

accustomed to)Norwegian: venne (to accustom)

Danish: vikle (to wind)Czech: navinout (to wind)

1015. MBCS: viriti (to peep: look secretly)

MBCS: zuriti (to stare, gaze, gape, to peer)

German: reifen (to ripen, to mature)

MBCS: zoriti (to ripen), rasti (to

152

English: to peerMBCS: motriti (to observe, watch, peer)

thrive)English: to ripen

English: to mature1016. Danish: forvirre (to confuse)

- English: fury- Slovenian: bes (fury)

Czech: zamotat (to confuse)Dutch: wassen (to wash)Czech: mít (to wash)

1017. Swedish: visa (to show)- German: wissen (to


MBCS: pokazati (to show)

German: zeigen (to show)

Slovak: povedať (to say)MBCS: kazati , Danish: sige (to say)Dutch: zeggen (to say)

1018. Swedish: visa (to show)MBCS: pokazati (to show)

Swedish: bevisa (to prove)MBCS: dokazati (to prove)

1019. Swedish: bevisa (to prove)- German: wissen (to


MBCS: dokazati (to prove)Slovak: povedať (to say)MBCS: kazati , Danish: sige (to say)

1020. MBCS: visiti (to hang)English: to hang

- Old.High.German: hengist (horse)

- MBCS: kon’ (horse)

German: wissen (to know)

German: kennen (to know)1021. Russian: vily, vilka (fork)

Norwegian: gaffel (fork)MBCS: vol (bull)English: cow, MBCS: govedo (cow)

1022. Russian: vily, vilka (fork)Norwegian: gaffel (fork)

English: to liveLithuanian: gyventi (to live)

1023. Dutch: vloeken (to curse: to

153

swear)

Czech: klít (to curse: to swear)

Swedish: svära (to curse: to swear)

- Russian: svariti (to cook)

- Russian: varit’ (to cook)

Czech: oblékat se (to put clothes on)English: to clothe (to put clothes on)

Norwegian: iføre seg (to put clothes on)

1024. MBCS: voditi (to lead)- German: wetten (to bet)- English: to bet

English: to leadMBCS: patiti (to suffer)German: (er)leiden (to suffer)

1025. Dutch: voeden (to feed)Swedish: mata (to feed)Dutch: voeden (to feed)

- Czech: vědět (to know)- German: wissen (to

know)

German: baden (to bathe)Russian: mit‘ (to bathe, to wash)

Dutch: wassen (to bathe, to wash)

1026. Dutch: voeren (to manage or carry on)


Czech: řídit (to manage or carry on)


MBCS: roditi (to give birth)1027. German: Vogel (bird)

Slovenian: ptica (bird)Danish: vågen (awake)MBCS: bdieti (to be awake)

1028. Icelandic: vör, Slovak: pera (lip)Czech: ret (lip)

- MBCS: ret’i (to say)- German: reden (to

speak)



154

1029. Icelandic: vörður (to guard)English: to guard

English: awordMBCS: nagrada (aword)

1030. Russian: vorota (gate)

Old.English: dor (gate)Russian: vorota (gate)

- Swedish: föra (to lead)- Slovenian: voditi (to

lead)

Dutch: baren (to bear: to give birth)MBCS: roditi (to give birth)

Swedish: föda (to bear: to give birth)

1031. MBCS: voyska (army)- MBCS: boy (fight,

battle)- German: Gefecht (fight,

battle)German: Heer (army)MBCS: boriti se (to fight, war, battle)

German: Wacht (guard, watch)Russian: ohrana (guard, watch)

Old.High.German: warten (to guard, watch)

1032. Dutch: vragen (to ask)

Slovenian: vprašati, prositi (to ask)Danish: spørge (to ask a question)German: bitten (to ask: to request)

- Russian: pitat’ (to feed)- Swedish: mata (to feed)

German: bitten (to ask: to request)

- English: to bite- Slovenian: pičiti (to bite)

Old.Slavic: vrigo (I am throwing)

Russian: brosat’ (to throw)

Russian: švirat‘ (to throw)

Russian: metat’ (to throw)

MBCS: baciti (to throw)1033. MBCS: vrata (door) Dutch: wortel (root)

155

German: Tür (door)Slovenian: vrata (door)

- MBCS: izabrati (to choose)


Czech: vrata (door)- MBCS: izabrati (to

choose)- MBCS: birati (to

choose)- English: to bear (to give

birth)- MBCS: roditi (to give

birth)- English: red- German: rot (red)

English: root

Slovenian: koren (root)

English: root1034. Slovenian: vroč (hot)

MBCS: griem (I heat)MBCS: vrel

MBCS: vrištati (scream)English: to screamGerman: brüllen (to shout, roar, yell, bawl)

1035. MBCS: povreda (wound, sore)English: wound

- English: to wind- Czech: vinout (to wind)

English: sore- MBCS: rezati (to cut,

carve)- German: ritzen (to cut,

carve)

German: Friede (peace)

Russian: voyna (war)

MBCS: rat (war)1036. MBCS: povreda (wound)

English: wound- English: to bind- MBCS: vezati(to bind)

German: Freude (joy)

Slovenian: vesel (joyous)

156

English: sore- English: sour- MBCS: kiseo (sour)- Dutch: kiezen (to

choose)- MBCS: izabrah (I

choosed)

Danish: såre (sore, wound)- English: sour- German: säuert (it sours)- English: to rest- Old.Slavic: Old.Slavic:

rešti (to say)- German: reden (to

speak)


Russian: radost (joy)1037. Dutch: vrezen (to fear)

MBCS: boyati se (to fear)Norwegian: være redd (to fear)English: to fearSwedish: blyg (timid)Norwegian: skrekk (fear)

Dutch: vrede (peace)Russian: voyna (war)MBCS: rat (war)English: warCzech: válka (war)German: Krieg (war)

1038. Dutch: vrezen (to fear)

Slovenian: strah (fear) - Czech: střih (shearing)- Bulgarian: strigane

(shearing)

MBCS: pružati se (to stretch: to extend in scope or range or area)

Dutch: zich uitstrekken (to stretch: to extend in scope or range or area)

1039. Dutch: vrezen (to fear)

Slovenian: strah (fear)

MBCS: ispružiti (to extend or stretch out to a greater or the full length)

157

- Czech: střih (shearing)- Bulgarian: strigane

(shearing) Dutch: strekken (to extend or stretch out to a greater or the full length)

1040. MBCS: vrh (peak)English: peak

Czech: vrhat (to throw, cast)MBCS: baciti (to throw, cast)

1041. Swedish: vrida (to turn)German: drehen (to turn)

MBCS: prietiti (to threaten)German: drohen (to threaten)

1042. Old.Slavic: vrigo (I throw)MBCS: baciti (to throw)

MBCS: brieg (hill)Norwegian: bake (hill)

1043. Dutch: vuur (fire)- Russian: varit’ (to cook)- Russian: svarit’ (to

cook)German: Glut (glow, embers)MBCS: vatra (fire)MBCS: paliti (to burn s.th)

Swedish: svära (to swear)MBCS: kleti se (to swear)MBCS: zaviet (oath, vow)German. geloben (to vow)

1044. Dutch: vuur (fire)Swedish: bål (fire)

English: wereRussian: bil (were, was)

W

1045. Dutch: waar (true)Russian: pravda

Czech: vařit (to brew)English: brewed

1046. Dutch: waar (true)English: true

MBCS: vierovati (to trust)German: (ver)trauen (to trust)


MBCS: povieriti (to entrust)German: anvertrauen (to entrust)


MBCS: vieran (loyal, faithful)German: treu (loyal, faithful)

1049. Dutch: waar (true), Russian: verny (true) English: to wear, Swedish: bära

158

Swedish: sann (true)

Polish: prawda (truth)- Engliesh: brewed- German: brauen (to

brew)

- Czech: vařit (to brew)

(to wear)MBCS: nositi (to wear, bear, carry)

English: to bear, Swedish: bära (to wear)English: to wear

1050. Dutch: waar, Russian: verny (true)


Slovenian: resnica (truth)- Czech: rez (rust)- Bulgarian: râžda (rust)

Polish: prawda (truth)- English: brewed- German: braut (he

brews)

Icelandic: bera (to give birth)

Bulgarian: raždane (birth)

English: birth1051. Polish: wabić (to lure)

German: locken (to lure)- MBCS: lokva (puddle)- German: Lache (puddle)- German: Loch (hole)- English: hole

Icelandic: tæla (to lure)- Slovenian: tuliti (to

howl)- Dutch: huilen (to howl)

English: to weep

Dutch: huilen (to cry, weep)

Dutch: huilen (to cry, weep)1052. German: Wachs (wax)

MBCS: vosak (wax)German: wachsen (to grow)MBCS: visok (tall)

1053. Old.English: wædla (beggar)MBCS: prosiak (beggar)

English: wide

159

- MBCS: praše (they washed)

- MBCS: prati (to wash) German: breit (broad, wide)1054. Old.English: wædla (beggar)

- Czech: vědět (to know)- German: wissen (to

know)MBCS: prosiak (beggar)Old.English: wædla (beggar)


Dutch: wassen (to bathe, wash)MBCS: praše (they washed)

English: to bathe1055. German: Wahn (madness)

MBCS: lud (mad)English: mad

Polish: pan (polite word for a man)MBCS: l’udi (people, men)Old.Norse: madr (man)

1056. German: wahr (true)English: true

German: währen (to last)MBCS: trayati (to last)

1057. English: to waitMBCS: čekati (to wait)

MBCS(h)vatati (to catch)English: to catch

1058. English: to waitRussian: ždat’ (to wait)

Dutch: wat (what)MBCS: što (what)

1059. German: Wald (wood, forest)English: wood

English: wildSlovak: divý (wild)

1060. German: Wald (wood, forest)English: woodEnglish: forest

German: Welt (world)Polish: świat (world)Dutch: wereld (world)

1061. English: wallMBCS: zid (wall)

German: Wand (wall)- German: wenden (to

turn)- MBCS: vrtiti (to turn)

German: wallen (to seethe, boil)German: sieden (to simmer, boil)

MBCS: vreti (to simmer, boil)

1062. German: wallen (to boil, seethe) English: to feel

160

German: sieden (to simmer, boil) MBCS: osietiti (to feel)

1063. English: warMBCS: rat (war)

Icelandic: vör, Slovak: pera (lip)Czech: ret (lip)

1064. English: warmSlovenian: vroč (hot)

English: wormCzech: červ (worm)

1065. English: warm- MBCS: vrem (I boil,

seethe)- MBCS: varim (I cook)- MBCS: varih (I cooked)

Slovenian: topel (warm)MBCS: vrh (top)English: top

1066. English: was

Russian: bil (was, were)

German: verwesen (to decay, rot)German: verfaulen (to decay, rot)

1067. English: was- Dutch: wassen (to wash)- English: to wash

Russian: bil (was, were)Slovenian: živeti (to live)German: leben (to live)

1068. German: was (what)MBCS: što (what)

- Slovenian: sto (hundred) - German: Hundert

(hundred)

MBCS: pas (dog, hound)

German: Hund (dog, hound)1069. Gothic: gawasjan (to clothe)

MBCS: nositi (to wear (clothes))

MBCS: vas (you (accusative))

MBCS: nas (us (accusative))1070. Gothic: gawasjan (to clothe)

- German: Wasser (water)- English: water

Old.English: werian (to clothe, put on)

- Russian: varit’ (to cook)

MBCS: zaviet (vow, oath)

161

- Russian: svarit’ (to cook)

Russian: odevat’ sia (to clothe, dress)MBCS: odienuti (to clothe, dress, robe)MBCS: obuti se (to pun on shoes)Danish: klæde (to put clothes on)Czech: oblékat se (to put clothes on)Polish: ubierać (to provide with clothes)

- Russian: varit’ (to cook)- Russian: svarit’ (to

cook)Norwegian: iføre seg (to put clothes on)

- Russian: varit’ (to cook)- Russian: svarit’ (to

cook)Swedish: klä (to put clothes on)German: anziehen (to put clothes on)

English: to swear

Swedish: ed (oath)

Dutch: eed (oath)

Russian: obet (wov)

Russian: kliatva (wov)

German: geloben (to wov)

Swedish: svära (to swear)

Latvian: zvērēt (to swear)MBCS: kleti se (to swear)

Czech: přísahat (to swear)1071. Dutch: (zich) wassen (to bathe,

wash)

Slovenian: kopati (se) (to bathe)

German: fesseln (to chain (up), shackle)MBCS: okovati (to enchain, to shackle)

1072. Dutch: wassen (to grow) - Dutch: (zich) wassen (to

wash)- MBCS: prati (to wash)

162

- MBCS: prut (rod) - English: rod - MBCS: rd’a (rust) - English: rust

Slovenian: rasti (to grow) MBCS: gayiti (to grow, cultivate)Old.Saxon: tuht (growing, cultivation)MBCS: nicati (to begin to grow)

English: restEnglish: rest

Russian: pokoy (rest)

Bulgarian: otdih (rest)MBCS: počinak (rest)

1073. Dutch: (zich) wassen (to wash) - German: wissen (to

know) - Dutch: weten (to know)

Russian: mit' (sia)(to wash) - Danish: Måtte (must)- English: must

Dutch: vet (fat)

Slovenian: mast (fat)1074. English: to watch

Czech: hledati (to look)MBCS: vuče (he pulls)English: hauled

1075. English: to watch

German: starren (to stare)Slovenian: slep (blind)

English: weak (k-tch palatalization)English: strongMBCS: slab (weak)

1076. English: to wave (to signal with the hands)Swedish: vink (signaling with the hands)MBCS: maše (he waves, beckons)

- German: muss (he must)- MBCS: mora (he must)

Slovenian: mahati (to wave, beckon)

- MBCS: muha (fly

Russian: voevat’ (to wage war)

MBCS: voynik (soldier)

Slovenian: mir (peace)

163

(insect)- German: Fliege (fly

(insect) Czech: válka (war)1077. English: way

German: Weg (way)MBCS: put (road, way, path)

English: wayOld.Frisian: wei (way)English: roadDutch: weg (way)

MBCS: voynik (soldier)German: Weigand (warrior)Ukrainian: biti sia (to fight, battle)Russian: voyna (war)MBCS: boy (battle)MBCS: rat (war)English: to wage war

1078. English: weakEnglish: fastEnglish: strong

- German: anstrengen (to strain, exert)

- MBCS: napregnuti (to strain, exert)

Danish: bakke (hill)Russian: visota (height)

MBCS: brieg (hill)1079. English: weak

MBCS: slab (weak)English: wickedMBCS: zloba (wickedness)

1080. English: weatherSlovenian: vreme (weather)

MBCS: vrut’e (hot)English: warm

1081. English: weed

Ukrainian: buryan (weed)

Swedish: föda (to bear: to give birth)Old.English: beran (to bear: to give birth)

1082. English: weedMBCS: korov (weed)

Dutch: wit (white)MBCS: garav (soot-black)

1083. English: to weep MBCS: ridati (to sob), Latvian: raudāt (to weep)

- MBCS: raditi (to work)- Slovak: robiť (to work)

Russian: vopit' (to shout)

Swedish: ropa (to shout)

164

1084. German: weh (aching)Middle.Dutch: smarte (ache)Dutch: wee, English: painEnglish: ache

- Swedish: åka (to ride)- English: to ride- German: reden (to talk)- Czech: říkat (to say)

MBCS: bol (pain, ache)- Germal: Liebe (love)- Latvian: mīlēt (to love)- MBCS: mali (small)- English: small

Slovenian: vohati (to smell)MBCS: smrad (stink, stench)Russian: von’ (stink, stench)

English: to reek

English: smell1085. Dutch: wee, English: pain

MBCS: bol (pain, ache)Russian: bol’ (pain, ache)Slovenian: bolečina (pain)Old.English: cwalu (suffering)English: acheMacedonian: bol (ache)English: to sufferGerman: leiden (to suffer)

- MBCS: dolina (valley)- English: valley

MBCS: patiti (se) (to suffer)- English: to bet- German: wetten (to bet)- MBCS: viti (to wind)- English: to wind

MBCS: patn’a (suffering)- Swedish: botten

(bottom)- German: Grund (bottom)

MBCS: muka (suffering, pain)

German: weinen (to weep, cry)English: to wail (to cry softly)Icelandic: væla (to whine)MBCS: plač (weep, cry)Slovenian: cviliti (to whine)Slovenian: jokati (to cry)English: to pule (to wail)English: to sob

Icelandic: væla (to whine)

German: weint (he weeps)

Danish: græde (to weep)

165

- Danish: møg (dirt)- Ditch: vuil (dirty)

Russian: pečal (suffering)Russian: bolezneny (painful)

English: to wailMBCS: plač (weep, cry)German: winseln (to whimper)

1086. German: sich wehren (to defend o.s)MBCS: braniti se (to defend o.s)

Dutch: vuur (fire)

German: brennen (to burn), German: Brand (fire)

1087. German: weich (soft)

MBCS: mekan (soft)

German: ausweichen (to make way, get out of the way)MBCS: izmaketi se (to make way, get out of the way)

1088. German: Weide (grassland)- Slovenian: voda (water)- German: Wasser (water)

Slovenian: pašnik (grassland)

Polish: uważać (be careful, cautios)Danish: passe på (be careful, cautios)

1089. German: weit (wide)- Dutch: weten (to know)- German: wissen (to

know)German: breit (broad, wide)

English: to bathe

Dutch: wassen (to wash)MBCS: prati (to wash, bathe)

1090. German: Wesen (nature, essence)MBCS: bit (essence)

Dutch: wassen (to wash, bathe)English: to bathe

1091. German: wetten (to bet)MBCS: kladiti se (to bet)

- English: cold- Russian: holod (cold)

English: wood

Old.Saxon: holt (wood)1092. German: ihr weidet (you graze)

German: ihr beisst (you bite)

Old.MBCS: vi vyedate (you bite)MBCS: vi pasete (you graze)

166

1093. German: weinen (to weep, cry)Czech: plakat (to weep, cry)

- Latvian: plaukt (to bud)- Slovak: puk (bud)

- Slovenian: kopati se (to bathe)

- German: baden (to bethe)

German: gewinnen (to win)

MBCS: gubiti (to lose, be a loser)

MBCS: pobiediti, dobiti (to win)

1094. German: weiss (white)Swedish: matt (dim: (not bright or distinct))English: dimMBCS: taman (dark)Danish: bleg (pale)

English: fallowSlovenian: bled (pale)

English: wise

MBCS: mudar (wise)German: dumm (dumb, stupid)MBCS: mutav (dumb)MBCS: glup (stupid, dull, foolish)English: foolishGerman: blöd (silly, stupid),MBCS: budala (fool)

1095. German: weit (far (away))- German: wetten (to bet)- English: to bet

MBCS: dalek (far (away))- MBCS: dol’e (down,

beneath)- Swedish: ned (down)

Swedish: botten (bottom)

MBCS: dno (bottom)1096. German: Welle (wave)

MBCS: talas (wave)English: valley, lowGerman: Tal (valley), MBCS: dol'e (down, below)

1097. German: anwenden, verwenden (to use, apply, employ, utilize) German: schwindeln (to

swindle)

167

MBCS: primieniti (to use, apply, employ, utilize) MBCS: obmanuti (to swindle)

1098. Dutch: werpen (to throw)MBCS: baciti (to throw)

MBCS: berba (picking of fruits)English: to pick

1099. English: west, Russian: vostok (east)MBCS: zapad (west)

MBCS: pasti (to fall)MBCS: zapadati (to fall behind s.th)

1100. English: to wet, waterMBCS: kvasiti (to wet, water)

English: to witherMBCS: cvasti (to bloom, blossom, flourish)

1101. English: wet- German: wetten (to bet)- English: to bet

Dutch: nat (wet)- German: Not (need)- English: need

MBCS: suh (dry)

Dutch: droog (dry)

German: bieten (to offer)

Slovenian: nuditi (to offer)German: suchen (to seek, search)MBCS: tragati, tražiti (to seek, search) (g-ž palatlization)

1102. Dutch: weten (to know)German: kund (known)

MBCS: sviet’a (candle)English: candle

1103. German: wetten (to bet, wager)Dutch: wedden (to bet, wager)

English: to betMBCS: kladiti se (to bet, wager)Slovak: staviť sa (to bet, wager)

- Slovak: stať sa (to happen)

- Swedish: ske (to happen)

Icelandic: föt (clothes)Old.Saxon: wad (in plural: garment)Polish: but (boot, shoe)

German: Kleider (clothes)

Swedish: sko (shoe)1104. English: where German: wer (who)

168

Russian: gde (where) Russian: kto (who)1105. Dutch: wieden (to weed)

Old.Saxon: gedan (to weed)Old.High.German: getan (to weed)Polish: pielić (to weed)

English: badEnglish: good

German: gut (good)MBCS: bol’e (better), English: well

1106. German: wiegen (to cradle, rock gently)Czech: kolébat (se) (to rock gently)

German: Wiege (cradle)

Czech: kolébka (cradle)1107. German: Wiege (cradle)

- Norwegian: fukte (to wet)

- Russian: močit‘ (to wet)MBCS: kolievka (cradle)

Russian: mučit‘ (to torment)German: quälen (to torment)

1108. Polish: wieś (village)- German: wissen (to


German: Dorf (village)English: woodRussian: derevo, drova (wood: material)

1109. English: wife

Czech: muž (man, husband)

English: to wave (to signal by moving a hand, arm, light, etc. to and fro)MBCS: maše (he waves with the hand, arm etc.)

1110. Old.English: willan (to wish, desire, want)English: to wish

English: to liveMBCS: živ (alive)

1111. English: to win

MBCS: dobiti (to win: to obtain)

MBCS: vinuti se (to rise, go up, fly up)

Danish: tabe (to drop s.th)

169

MBCS: pobiediti (to win: be victorious)Danish: tabe (to lose: not to win)

MBCS: padati (to fall)

Danish: tabe (to drop s.th)1112. English: to win

MBCS: pobiediti (to win: be victorious)

MBCS: dobiti (to win: to obtain)


MBCS: venuti (to wilt, wither, fade)

English: to bud (to begin to grow)

English: to bud (to begin to grow)Slovak: puk (bud)

1113. English: to windSwedish: vrida (to wind)

English: wound (injury)MBCS: povreda (wound: injury)

1114. English: to windSwedish: veckla (to wind)

German: weint (he weeps)MBCS: plakati (to weep)

1115. English: to windMBCS: viti (to wind)

English: windSlovenian: veter (wind)

1116. German: gewinnt (he wins)

MBCS: pobiediti (to win: be victorious )

English: want (a state of extreme poverty)

MBCS: bieda (poverty)1117. English: wind

Slovenian: veter (wind)English: to swindleMBCS: varati (to swindle)

1118. English: windCraotian: vietar (wind)

Russian: vianut’ (to wither)English: to wither

1119. German: winken (to wave: to make a gesture)Latvian: māt (to wave: to make a gesture)

- Russian: mit’ (to wash, bathe)

- English: to wash

Russian: gnev (rage)

170

- Dutch: wassen (to wash, bathe)

- German: wissen (to know)

- Dutch: weten

Slovenian: bes (rage)

German: Wut (rage)1120. German: wissen ( to know)

MBCS: znati, poznavati( to know)

German: Wasser (water)

Swedish: snö, English: snow1121. Dutch: wissen (to wipe)

- Dutch: wassen (to bathe)- English: to bathe

MBCS: otirati (to wipe)English: to beatMBCS: udarati (to beat)

1122. Dutch: wissen (to wipe)MBCS: otirati (to wipe)

English: to wearyEnglish: to tire

1123. Dutch: wissen (to wipe)MBCS: brisati (to wipe)

German: Busen (bust, bosom)English: breast

1124. English: withMBCS: sa (with)

MBCS: vidieti (to see)English: to see

1125. English: with- Dutch: weten (to know)- German: wissen (to

know)MBCS: sa (with)

- English: to see- English: seen

German: zusammen (together)

German: weise (wise)

German: besonnen (thoughtful, careful)MBCS: promišl’en (thoughtful)

1126. English: withMBCS: bez (without)

German: Wut (fury, rage)Slovenian: bes (fury, rage)

1127. Old.English: wlītan (to see, look)Slovenian: videti (to see)

German: Wald (wood)English: wood

1128. Old.English: wod (mad)MBCS: lud (mad)

MBCS: voditi (to lead)English: to lead

171

1129. Old.English: wod (mad)MBCS: lud (mad)

- Old.High.German: līdan (to go, go away, go by)

- MBCS: odlaziti (to go away)

English: wood

Russian: les (wood)1130. German: wohnen (to live, stay,

dwell)MBCS: obitavati (to dwell, abide)

German: Wanne (bath, bathtube)

German: Bad (bath, bathroom)1131. German: wollen (to want)

Russian: hotet' (to want)- MBCS: hitnuti (to sling,

toss)- Russian: kidat’ (to toss)

English: well

English: good1132. German: wollen (to want)

Russian: hotet' (to want)English: to want

- English: to wind- MBCS: viti (to wind)

MBCS: voliti (to love)English: to hate

Russian: nenavidet’ (to hate)1133. English: wood

Slovenian: les (wood)Czech: vĕdĕt (to know)Ghotic: lais (I know)

1134. English: woodSlovak: drevo (wood)

Czech: povědět (to tell)English: word

1135. English: wood (group of trees)English: forest (land with trees)Dutch: bos (wood: group of trees)German: Wald (wood: group of trees)Old.Saxson: holt (wood: material)German: Wald (wood: group of trees)

MBCS: vatra (fire)Norwegian: fyr (fire)

Swedish: brasa (fire)

Norwegian: ild (fire)(-w)

Swedish: eld (fire)(-h)

Czech: (s)pálit (to burn s.th)

172

1136. English: wood (group of trees)Dutch: bos (wood: group of trees)

Polish: las (wood: group of trees)

Slovenian: gozd (wood: group of trees)

- German: Kiste (box, case, chest)

- MBCS: kutiya (box, case, chest)

English: bad

German: böse (bad, evil, nasty, naughty)

MBCS: loš (bad, evil, nasty, naughty)

German: gut (good)1137. English: word

MBCS: ret’i (to say, tell)Czech: říkat (to tell, say)

Swedish: prat (talk)

Swedish: vrida (to turn)English: to turnOld.Saxon: kērian (to turn (round, over)Czech: obrt (a turn)

1138. English: workIcelandic: vinna (work)

- German: weinen (to weep)

- MBCS: plakati (to weep)

- Swedish: blek (pale)- Slovenian: bled (pale)

Slovenian: delo (work)- German: leiden (to

suffer)- MBCS: patiti se (to

suffer)- English: bed- MBCS: krevet (bed)

Russian: krov (blood)

English: blood

Czech: krev (blood)1139. English: to work German: wirken (to act on s.th,

173

Slovenian: delati (to work)to have an effect)MBCS: dielovati (to act on s.th, to have an effect)

1140. English: to workSlovak: robiť (to work)MBCS: raditi (to work)

MBCS: vikati (to shout) Swedish: ropa (to shout) Swedish: ryta (to shout)

1141. Dutch: wereld (world)

Slovenian: svet (world)German: Welt (world)

Dutch: voor (fire), Swedish: eld (fire)Russian: svet (light)Polish: swiatlo (light)

1142. English: to worry (to feel anxious)

MBCS: brinuti se (to worry)

Norwegian: bekymre (seg) (to worry)

German: sich wehren (to defend o.s, to fight)MBCS: braniti se (to defend o.s)

Danish: kæmpe (to fight, battle, struggle)

1143. English: to worry (to feel anxious)

- English: to wearMBCS: brinuti se (to worry)MBCS: briga (worry)

Swedish: bära (to wear, carry)English: to bringGothic: briggan (to bring)

1144. English: to worry (to feel anxious)MBCS: brinuti se (to worry)

English: fireGerman: Brand (fire, firebrand)

1145. Dutch: wortel (root)

Slovenian: koren (root)

MBCS: birati (to chose, elected)German: küren (to choose, elect)

1146. Dutch: wortel (root)English: rootSlovenian: koren (root)

- German: küren (choose)- Dutch: kiezen (to

choose)

German: Wort (word)MBCS: ret’i (to say)Czech: říkat (to say)

MBCS: kazati (to tell, say)

174

1147. Dutch: wraak MBCS: osveta (revenge)

- English: to sweat- Russian: potet’ (to

sweat)

Slovenian: vroč (hot)

MBCS: topao (warm)1148. German: Wunde (wound)

- English: to bind- MBCS: vezati (to bind)- Dutch: vissen (to fish)- MBCS: pecati (to fish)- MBCS: baciti (to cast,

throw)- English: to cast

MBCS: rana (wound)

Dutch: wassen (to wash)

Slovenian: čist (clean)German: rein (clean)

X

Y

1149. MBCS: yahati (to ride)Swedish: åka (to ride)English: to ride

MBCS: yaukati (to cry, weep)Slovenian: jokati (to cry, weep)MBCS: ridati (to sob)

1150. English: yearSlovak: hodina (year)Old.Frisian: ger (year)

MBCS: yuriti (to rush, hurry)English: to hastenMBCS: žuriti (to rush, hasten)(g-ž palatalization)

1151. English: youngMBCS: star (old)

MBCS: yak (strong, powerful)German: stark (strong, powerful)

1152. English: young- Old.English: geong- German: Gang (walk,

gait)- MBCS: hod (walk, gait)

175

- Russian: hotet’ (to want)- German: wollen (to

want, will) Slovenian: starRussian: molod (young)

- Latvian: mīlēt (to love) - English: to love

English: to liveGerman: sterben (to die)

English: to live

Z

1153. German: zähmenMBCS: krotiti (to tame)

German: Zaun (fence)MBCS: ograda (fence)

1154. Slovenian: zal (bad, evil)German: übel (bad, evil)German: böse (bad, evil)

Russian: žil (have lived)Russian: bil (was, were)English: was

1155. Czech: žebrák (beggar)Danish: tigger (beggar)German: Bettler (beggar)

Russian: ževat’ (to chew)Danish: tygge (to chew)English: to bite

1156. MBCS: zeko (hare)Swedish: hare (hare)

Dutch: zien (to see)English: to hear

1157. German: zeigen (to show, point, indicate)

Czech: ukázat (to show, point)Swedish: peka mot (to point)

Dutch: zeggen (to say, tell, speak)MBCS: kazati (to say, tell)English: to speak

1158. Czech: zemĕ (earth, land)MBCS: tlo (soil)

English: summerMBCS: l’eto (summer)

1159. MBCS: žena (woman)Old.Slavic: mozi (man, male)German: Knabe (boy, lad)

Slovenian: nož (knife)Dutch: mes (knife)English: knife

1160. German: ziehen (to draw, pull)

Slovenian: vleči (se) (to drag, draw, pull)

German: ausziehen (take the clothes off, undress)

MBCS: svlačiti (take the clothes

176

off, undress)1161. German: ziehen (to draw, pull)

Slovenian: vleči (se) (to drag, draw, pull)

German: anziehen (put the clothes on, to dress)

MBCS: oblačiti (put the clothes on)

1162. German: ziehen (to draw, pull)Old.English: togian (to draw, pull)

German: zeihen (to accuse)

German: optužiti (to accuse) (g-ž palatalization)

1163. Russian: žit' (to shoot)Lithuanian: gyventi (to live)

- English: to give- German: to geben (to

give)

English: to shoot

MBCS: puknuti (to shoot)1164. MBCS: znoy (sweat)

English: sweat- MBCS: saviti (to bend)- MBCS: viti (to wind)

Dutch: zweet (sweat)- MBCS: zvati (to name)- Russian: nazivat’ (to

name)

MBCS: znay (let know!)

Dutch: weten (to know)

German: wissen (to know)1165. Russian: žolty (yellow)

German: gelb (yellow)German: Schulter (shoulder)Russian: plečo (shoulder)

1166. MBCS: zoriti (to ripen)English: to ripen

German: reissen (to tear, to rip)English: to rip, MBCS: parati (to rip)

1167. MBCS: zovem (I call)

German: rufe (I call)

MBCS: vozim (I drive (a vehicle))Norwegian: fore (to drive (a vehicle)

1168. Dutch: zwaar (heavy)MBCS: lako (light)

English: to swear

177

- German: legen (to lay)- Czech: klást (to lay) Russian: kliast’ sia (to swear)

1169. Dutch: zweren (to swear (an oath))Russian: kliast' sia (to swear (an oath))

- MBCS: glista (worm)- MBCS: crv (worm)- MBCS: crven (red)- German: rot (red)

Czech: zvíře (animal)

German: Tier (animal)

reduction of words in germanic and balto slavonic languages to a common denominator

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