References

101

REFERENCES

Abbasali K., Amir E., Moslemizadeh N., Sepideh P., Ayyub B., Nadali

M., Gholamali J., (2011): An etiological study of Infertility, Iranian

Journal of Reproductive Medicine Vol.9. No.1. pp: 21-24, Winter

2011.

Abdel –Hake R.F., (2005): Coping strategies among infertile coupe

undergoing in-vitro fertilization, master degree, faculty of nursing Ain

Shams University.

Abha M., Mark H., and Siladitya B.,(2008): Effect of female age on the

diagnostic categories of infertility, Oxford Journals Human

Reproduction ,vol 23(3), Pp. 538.

Aghssa M. & Ramezanzadeh F.A, (2004): A survey of relationship

between anxiety and duration of infertility, BMC womens health

,vol4(9),Available at .http//creativecommons.org .

Ahmed Y. S.,(2007): The problem of IVF cost in developing Countries,Vol

15 ( 1), Reproductive BioMedicine Online, www. Rbmonline .com/

Article /2850 on web 22 May 2007.

Al-Hasani S., M.D., Khaled Zohni, (2008): The Overlooked Role of

Obesity in Infertility, Journal of Family and Reproductive Health

,Vol. 2(3), p : 21,acssessed on 15 September.

References

102

American Society for Reproductive Medicine, (2005): Patient‟s Fact

Sheet. Available at www.asrm.org/patients/faqs.htm,Accessed

October 19, 2005.

American Society for Reproductive Medicine, (2008): E-MAIL

asrm@asrm.org, URL www.asrm.org, TEL (205) 978-5000 •

FAX (205) 978-5005.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists website, (2008):

Available at: http://www.acog.org . Published 2007. Accessed on 8

July 2008.

Aquilino M.L. &Losch M.E.,(2005): Desire for pregnancy at conception ,

The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing (MCN),30(4),256-

262.

Anderheim L., Holter H., Bergh C. and Moller A., (2005): Human

Reproduction Update journal, Does psychological stress affect the

outcome of in vitro fertilization? ,vol(20), p:2969.

Annas G.J. (2009): The shadowlands secrets, liesandassisted reproduction.

Vol. 8, No. 10. 0974 – 9446.

Azzam h.,(2011): Predictors of Fertility among Egyptian Females at

Reproductive Age at El-Manial Maternity Hospital, Journal of

AmericanScience, 2011;7(6),p:1023,http://www.americanscience.org.

Baird D.T., Collins J., Egozcue J., Evers LH., Gianaroli L., Leridon H., (

2005): Fertility and ageing, Human Reproduction Update journal ,

11(3):261-76.

References

103

Becker, G. (2000): The Elusive Embryo: how women and men approach

new reproductive technologies.

Behre H.M., et al., (2006): Prediction of ovulation by urinary hormone

measurements with the home use Clear Plan, Human Reproduction

journal, vol(8) 2,p: 247-2482.

Belker A.M, Mijch A., Garland S., Crowe S., Dunne M., Edgar D., Clarke

G., Foster P. and Blood J., (2003): Results of 1,469 microsurgical

vasectomy reversals by the Vasovasostomy Study Group. J. Urol,

145, 505.

Bergh & Möller A., (2006). “First IVF treatment - short term impact on

psychological well-being and the marital relationship.” Human

Reproduction, 21 (12): 3295-3302.

Bitler M., & Schmidt L., (2006): Health disparities and infertility, 85(4)

impacts of state-level insurance mandates, Fertil Steril, p:858-65.

Blackburn,S.T.,(2007):Maternal Fetal Physiology, A clinical perspective

,3rd

edition .St.Louis:Saunders,p:203.

Boivin J., Bunting L., Collins J.A. Nygren K.G., (2007): International

estimates of infertility prevalence and treatment-seeking: potential

need and demand for infertility medical care ,vol(22)1,Hum Reprod.,

P: 506–1512.

BMA ,(2004): Smoking and reproductive life, The impact of smoking on

sexual, reproductive and child health, British Medical Association.

www.bma.org.uk [Accessed: 06/03/2007].

References

104

Boomsma C.M., Keay, S.D. and Macklon N.S.,(2007): Peri-implantation

glucocorticoid administration for assisted reproductive technology

cycles, vol24 ( 1),Cochrane Database Syst Rev.

Bovin J.,(2003): a review of psychological intervention of infertility ,social

science and medicine journal,vol (57),p 2325-2341 Psychosexual

aspects of infertility .

Bovin j, Appleton T C. and Baetons P. (2001): guidelines for counseling in

infertility, Human reproduction 16(6):1301-1304.

Braud P.&Rowel P.(2003): problems with assisted conception treatment

,British Medical Journal ,327:920.

Britt E, et al , (2004) : Motivational interviewing in health settings: a

review. Patient Educ Couns, vol (53),p:147–155.

CAHR, 2005: Report of the Commission on Assisted Human Reproduction.

Dublin, The Department of Health and Children.

Callister L. C., (2005): The Pain and the Promise of Unfilled

www.sagepub.com Dreams,Infertile Couples.

Campbell, S. and Monga, A. (2000): Infertility,Gynaecology by ten

teachers. London:Arnold. 83-89.

Cedars,m.,and Robert B., (2005): The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology

& Metabolism,Vol.(90)40 , Infertility and Women available at

American Society for Reproductive Medicine: http://www.asrm.org.

References

105

Chavarro J. E., Edwards J. W., Rosner B. A. And Willett W. C. ,(2009): A

prospective study of dietary carbohydrate quantity and quality in

relation to risk of ovulatory infertility, European Journal of Clinical

Nutrition , vol 63, 78–86 , 2009 Nature Publishing Group, a division

of Macmillan Publishers Limited. All Rights Reserved.

cousinneau T M.domar A D.(2007): psychological impact of infertility

.best practice 7reseach clinical obstetric and gynecology 21(2):293-

308.

Cottrel, B.H., (2010): An updated review of evidence to discourage

douching, American Journal of Maternal & Child Nursing, 35(2),

102-7.

Czene K, Lichtenstein P, Hemminki K., (2002): Environmental and

heritable causes of cancer among 9.6 million individuals in the

Swedish Family-Cancer Database. Int J Cancer 99:260–266. (Web of

Science ) (Medline) .

Devroey p.,& Van S.,(2004): A review of ten years experiences of

ICSI,Human Reproduction Update 10(1)19-28.

DH (2004): Anonymity to be removed from future sperm, egg and embryo

donors, Department of Health. www.dh.gov.uk [Accessed:

06/03/2007].

Diane M.F. ,Marget A.Cooper ,Jill C. ,(2009): Myles textbook for

Midwives ,Fifteenth edition ,elsevier company All right reserved

website at http:-//www.elsevier.com /permissions.

References

106

D Kumar, (2007): Prevalence of female infertility and its socio-economic

factors in Tribal communities of Central India, © D Kumar, 2007. A

licence to publish this material has been given to ARHEN

http://www.rrh.org.au 5.

Edward V. Younglai, Alison C. Holloway and Warren G. Foster, (2005):

Environmental and occupational factors affecting fertility and IVF

success ,Human Reproduction Update, vol (11) 1.

Evers J.L., et al (2006): Evidence-based medicine for diagnostic questions.

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine; 21: (9), p: 15.

Farah L.,(2003): infertility etiology and evaluation,retrived 1/2004 from

http/www.dcms on line.org.

Fathalla, M. F., (2005): Current challenges in assisted reproduction.

Current Practices and Controversies in Assisted Reproduction.

Fedorcsak P., Storeng R.,Dale P.O., Tanbo T.,Abholm T., (2004): Hum

Reprod., vol (19)2, Impact of overweight and underweight on assisted

reproduction treatment, Pp: 523–2528.

Fekkes, M., S. E. Buitendijk, G. H. W. Verrips, D. D. M. Braat, A. M. A.

Brewaeys, J. G. Dolfing, M. Kortman, R. A. Leerentveld and N. S.

Macklon (2003): A review of ten years experiences of ICSI,Human

Reproduction Update 10(1)19-28.

References

107

Fehring R.,Schneider M.,Raviele K. qand Barron M.L., (2007):efficacy of

cervical mucus observations as a method of natural family planning,

journal of obstetric,gynecologic and neonatal nursing,36(2),152-160.

Forster, D.A., Wills, G., Denning, A. and Bolger M.,(2009):The use of

Folic acid and other vitamins before and during pregnancy in a group

Of women in Melbourne. Australia. Midwifery, 25(2):13446.

Freizinger M, Franco DL.,Marie O.,Barbara D.,Alice D.,(2008): "The

prevalence of eating disorders infertile women", Fertil. Steril.

Garcia-Rodriguez, J., (2007): Exposure to pesticides and cryptorchidism:

geographical evidence of a possible association. Environ. Health

Perspect.104, 1090–1095.

Gaware. V., Pattan S. R., Dighe N. S., Parjane. S. K., Kuchekar.B. S.and

Deithankar. A. S., (2009): International Journal of Pharma Research

and Development Female infertility– causes and their diagnostic tests

,VOL(8) No.010,pp:0974 – 9446 , Online www.ijprd.com.

G.F. Homan1, M. Davies1 and R. Jorman,( 2007):The impact of lifestyle

factors on reproductive performance in the general population and

those undergoing infertility treatment, Vol( 13) No.3, Pp. 209-223,

available at http://humupd. journals.org/misc/terms.shtm published

online on January 2007oxford.

Giudice LC,(2004): Endometriosis. Lancet 364:1789.

References

108

Gnoth, Godehardt E., Frnk-HerrmannP., Friol K., Tigges J., Freundl G.,

(2005): “Definition and prevalence of subfertility and infertility.”

Human Reproduction 20 (5), pp: 1144-1147.

Goldenberg, R.L & White, R.,(2004):The effect of vaginal lubricants on

sperm motility in vitro.Fertil. Steril, 26:872.

Gómez-A., Silva C. , Galofré J C, Escalada J. , Santos S., Millán D., Vila

N ., Ibañez P., , Gil M. J ., Valentí V., Rotellar F. ,B Ramírez,

Salvador J., and Frühbeck G .,(2011): Body mass index

classification misses subjects with increased cardiometabolic risk

factors related to elevated adiposity, International Journal of Obesity

advance,Vol (10)3, Published online 17 May 2011.

Guzick DS.,( 2007): Ovulation induction management of PCOS. Clin

Obstet Gynecol.,50:255–267. [PubMed].

Hall a. b., Carl T.(2007): "Study speeds up biological clocks / Fertility rates

dip after women hit 27. The San Francisco Chronic

http://www.sfgate.com/cgibin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archiv.

Hasani S., & Zohni K., (2008): The Overlooked Role of Obesity in

Infertility Journal of Family and Reproductive Health Vol. 2, No. 3,

September 2008 115.

Hassan M. and Killick SR (2004): Negative lifestyle is associated with a

significant reduction in fecundity. Fertil Steril , vol (8)1, 384–392.

References

109

Hassan S.S.,Abd El Kader N.M.,Mohammed I.I.,El Sherbeeny A.M.,

(2008):ASNJ. Journal, vol7 (2), psychological distress among

infertile women, p56.

Healy DL, Trounson A.Q. and Andersen AN.,(2006): Female infertility:

causes and treatment. Lancet.343, 1539-44.

(HFEA(Human Fertilization and Emryology Authority), 2008): Infertility:

The HFEA guide. London: Human Fertilisation and Embryology

Authorit. http://www.hfea.gov.uk/docs.

HFEA(Human Fertilization and Emryology Authority),(2003) :code of

practice ,6th edition,HFEA ,London.

Himmel, et al., (1999): Management of involuntary childlessness. British

Journal of General Practice 47(415), 111-118.

H-lashen,(2007):obstetrics, gynecology and Reproductive medicine,17(7),

p: 216 © 2007 Elsevier ltd. all rights reserved.

Holter, H., L. Anderheim, C. Bergh and A. Moller, (2006). “First IVF

treatment - short term impact on psychological well-being and

the marital relationship.” Human Reproduction 21 (12): 3295-

3302.

Homan, G.F., Davies, M. and Norman, R. (2007):The impact of lifestyle

factors on reproductive performance in the general population and

those undergoing infertility treatment: a review.Hum Reprod Update,

13(3):209-223.

References

110

Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority, (2009): Quick facts about

fertility. HFEA, http://www.hfea.gov.uk/.

Hruska, K.; Funh, P.; Seifer, D.; Sharara, F. & HOW, J. (2006):

Environmental factor in infertility. Clinics in Obstetric and

Gynecology, 43 (4), 821 – 829.

Infertility. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists website,

(2008):Available at: http://www.acog.org . Published 2007. Accessed

July 8, 2008.

International Council on Infertility Information Dissemination, (2006):

states mandating insurance coverage for infertility and pregnancy loss.

retrived on February 2006,available at http://www.inciid.org.

Jackson C.,Michele D.H.,Laurie K.G., Amanda P.,( 2009) : Maternal –

Child Nursing,Third Edition ,Saunders El Sevier company

,management of fertility and infertility p 207 on line on All right

reserved website at http:-//www.elsevier.com /permissions .

Jacky B.a &Lone Sc., (2005): Infertility-related stress and treatment

outcome , Fertility and Sterility,vol. 83, No. 6, June 2005.

jean R. , Helene, C. , (2010 ): Maternal and Child health nursing, 6th

edition, Lippincott willians& Wilkins Company, 169-171 Copyright

© 2010.

Jeff Andrews,(2008): Infertility in Women , © 2009 NYU Langone Medical

Center. All rights reserved.

References

111

José B. , Miller AB, Boyden JW, Frey KA., (2008) : Expert Review of

Obstetrics & Gynecology journal ,Vol. 3( 5), Impact of bodyweight

and lifestyle on IVF outcome, Pages 607-625 .

José C.,(2007): TREATMENT OF INFERTILITY(An Integrative

Approach).

Jorge E.,et al,(2010): Elements of Health Centre , p: 206-1581, Canada

,Copyright © 2009–2010 All rights reserved.

Julie R.,(2009):Infertility in Women ,Copyright © 2011 EBSCO Publishing.

All rights reserved.

Kafy S.& Tulandi T,( 2007): New advances in ovulation induction. Curr

Opin Obstet Gynecol.;19:248–252. [PubMed].

Kelly-Weeder S.,(2006): The impact of lifestyle risk factors on female

infertility. Women Health. 2006;44(4):1-23.

Kennedy S., et al , (2005): ESHRE guideline for the diagnosis and

treatment of endometriosis. Hum Reprod 20(10):2698.

Khatab, H., Yonse, N., Zorak, H. (1999): Women, reproduction, and health

in rural Egypt, Giza, The American University in Cairo, Press.

Klonoff-Cohen H., Lam-Kruglick P.and Gonzalez C. (2003): Effects of

maternal and paternal alcohol consumption on the success rates of in

vitro fertilization and gamete intrafallopian transfer. Fertil Steril

79:330–339.

References

112

Klonoff-Cohen H., Natarajan L., Marrs R. and Yee, B., (2008): Effects of

female and male smoking on success rates of IVF and gamete intra-

Fallopian transfer. Hum. Reprod.16, 1382–1390 .

Klossner, N.J. & Hatfield, N.T., (2006): Introductory Maternity & Pediatric

Nursing, Walters Kluwer Co., Philadelphia, P. 220-226.

Krissi D, (2008): overview of known risk factors that increase risk of

miscarriage, About .com.

Krulewitch CJ. (2005) :Alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Annu Rev

Nurs Res 23:101–134.

Kumar S. (2006): Occupational exposure associated with reproductive

dysfunction. J Occup Health 46:1–19.[CrossRef][Web of

Science](Medline).

Lindbohm ML., (1999): Women's reproductive health: some recent

developments in occupational epidemiology. Am J Ind Med 36, 18–

24.

Lobo R.A.(2007):Infertility :etiology ,diagnostic evaluation,management

and prognosis,comprehensive gynecology,5th

ed.,p:1002,St. Louis

:Mosby.

Marcelle Cedars and Robert B. Jaffe,( 2005): The Journal of Clinical

Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol. 90, No. 4 0 Copyright © 2005 by

The Endocrine Society Available on American Society for

Reproductive Medicine:http://www.asrm.org.

References

113

Marchino G.L., et al.( 2005): Laparoscopic visualization with histologic

confirmation represents the best available option to date in the

Diagnosis of endometriosis. Fertil Steril 84:38.

Mary M. MacGregor et al, (2010): The role of the nurse in intrauterine

insemination and ovulation induction pp. 138-140 Online Publication

Date: February 2010.

Marchburn, P.B., Alanis. S.M., and Matthews,M.L., (2009):A short period

of ejaculatoryabstinence before intrauterine insemination isassociated

with higher pregnancy rates”. Fertility& Sterility Journal. 93(1):286-8.

Mardh, P., (2004): Tubal factor infertility with special regard to Chlamydia

solinities. Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 17, 49-52

Mayo foundation, (2008): Infertility, Risk factors, www.mayoclinic.com.

Medicine, ( 2008): Vaccination guidelines for female infertility patients.

Fertil Steril, vol (90)6, p: 169-171.

Merekar Abhijit., Dighe N. S., Kuchekar.B. S., Parjane. S. K. and

Deithankar. A. S., (2009): Female Infertility, Vol (8) 010 Causes

And Their Diagnostic Tests, Online www.ijprd.com.

Mikael H., (2010): This page was last modified on 30 January 2011 Copy

write reserved at Wikipedia.

Mitchell p.,et al . (2005): Environmental health perspectives Cigarette

smoking and effect ion hormone function in pre menopausal

woman,vol 113(10), p:-1285- 1290 .

References

114

Mohsen G, et al, (2001): Prevalence of infertility in rural areas of Kafr El-

Sheikh-Egypt, Journal of Egyptian Public Health Association , p: 76.

Monach & Klock, S., (2008):„Psychological Issues Related to

Infertility,http://www.glowm.com/,p=glowm.cml/section_view&articl

eid.

Morris S.N. and Johnson N.R. (2005): Exercise during pregnancy: a critical

appraisal of the literature. J Reprod Med 50:181–188.

Mouzon J.,& Belaisch-Allart J. (2005): Consequences on women's

fecundity and on assisted reproductive technology. J Gynecol Obstet

Biol Reprod (Paris),vol(34) 1,p112-8.

Mukherjee R.A., Hollins S., Abou-Saleh M.T., Turk J., (2007): Low level

alcohol consumption and the fetus. BMJ 330:375–376.

National Collaborating Centre for Women's and Children's Health

(2004): Fertility: assessment and treatment for people with fertility

problems.

National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, (2004): Fertility

assessment and treatment for people with fertility problems. Clinical

guideline 11, http://www.nice.org.uk.

National infertility association, (2005): The Impact of Environmental

Factors,Body Weight & Exercise on Fertility, www.resolve.org.

References

115

Norman R., (2007): The impact of lifestyle factors on reproductive

performance in the general population and those undergoing infertility

treatment, Vol (13) No3 Pp. 209-223 available at

http://humupd.oxfordjournals.org/misc/terms.shtml.

Norman R.J.,& Dewailly D.,2007:Polycystic ovary syndrome. Lancet.

370,Aug 25,685-97.

Oladokun A,et al (2009): Acceptability of child adoption asmanagement

option for infertility in Nigeria, Evidence from focus group

discussions. Afr J Reprod Health, vol 13(1):79-91.

Ombelet W., Cooke I., Dyer S., Serour G., Devroey P., (2008): Infertility

and the provision of infertility medical services in developing

countries, 14(6) pp:605-21.

Omo-Aghoja, L., (2007): Association ofChlamydia trachomatis serology

with tubal infertility in Nigerian women. Journal ofObstetrics and

Gynaecology,. 33(5), p.688-695.

Palomba S., Falbo A., Del Negro S., Russo T., Zullo F. ,( 2006): Use of

oral contraceptives in infertile patients: A descriptive review, vol

22(10) Gynecol Endocrinol, 537-46.

Park, B., McPartland, J.M. and Glass, M. (2004): Cannabis,cannabinoids

and reproduction. Prostaglandins Leukot EssentFatty Acids,

70(2):189-97.

References

116

Pasquali R, Pelusi C, Genghini S, Cacciari M, Gambineri A., (2007):

Obesity and reproductive disorders in women. Hum Reprod Update

9:359–372.

Petra D. Sutter, (2006): Rational diagnosis and treatment in infertility,Best

Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology,Vol. 20,

No. 5, pp. 647-664.

PHLS and Scottish ISD(D)5 Collaborative Group, (2007) : Trends in

sexually transmitted infections in the United Kingdom,Public Health

Laboratory Service. www.hpa.org.uk[Accessed: 06/03/2007].

Pilliteri A. (2009): Maternal and child health nursing , care of child bearing

5th

edition ,assessment of infertility,p:353.

Pirritano U., Christensen J., Boivin J. Block, Peterson L., Schmidt B. D.,

(2009): The longitudinal impact of partner coping in couples

following 5 years of unsuccessful fertility treatments.” Human

Reproduction 24 (7): 1656-1664.

Peterson, B. D., Newton C. R., Rosen K. H., and Skaggs G. E.,(2006).

Gender differences in how men and women who are referred for IVF

cope with infertility stress. Human Reproduction, May 4 (e-

publication ahead of print).

Ragni G., et al,( 2005): Health-related quality of life and need for IVF in

1000 Italian infertile couples, Human Reproduction Vol.(20) No.5.

References

117

Rao, MandRao, D. ( 2007):Cytogenetic studies in primary infertility. Fertil.

Steril,p: 209.

RCOG (Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologyists) , 200 4 :

assessment and treatment for people with fertility problems .

Redrawn A. Olive, (2005):Conservative laparoscopic excision of

endometriosis by sharpdissection: life table analysis of reoperation

and persistent or recurrent disease, Fertility Sterility journal ,vol 5(6),

p: 28.

Remah M. K., (2010): Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology,

Management of the infertile couple, vol 8(21), P: 2, Available at

http://www.rbej.com.

Ricci S., (2007):common reproductive issues .Essentials of Maternity

Newborn and Woman‟s Health Nursing , Williams &Wilkins

company ,Lippincott,p 72-3.

Ricci S., (2009): Essential of maternity newborn and women health nursing,

1st ed., USA; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Pp70-71.

Robert B. Jaffe, (2005): Infertility and Women, The Journal of Clinical

Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol.(90) 40, available at American

Society for Reproductive Medicine: http://www.asrm.org.

Rosendahl M. A., La Cour C., Freiesleben N., Juul A., K. Løssl, Andersen

A., (2010): "Dynamics and mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced

ovarian follicular depletion in women of fertile age". Fertility and

sterility 94 (1): 156–166.

References

118

Roupa Z., Polikandrioti M. and Sotiropoulou P., Faros E., Koulouri A.,

Wozniak ,Gourni M., (2009): HSJ – Health Science Journal Vol 3(2)

Causes of infertility in women at reproductive age pp:80-87,available

at www.hsj.gr .

Rowe T., (2006): Fertility and a woman's age. Reproduction Medicine

journal, vol 51(3), p: 157-63.

Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists,(2007):

www.rcog.org.uk , [Accessed: 07/06/2007].

Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.(2007):Ovarian

hyperstimulation syndrome: what you need to know,London clinical-

guidance ovarian, (accessed 07/01/2010).

Sandelowski, M. (2006): Overview on infertility. Journal of Obstetric,

Gynecologic and Neonatal nursing, 10, 132-133.

Serour G I, (2008): Bioethics in Infertility Management in the Muslim

Worldwww. Islamic-world.net.

Sheiner EK, et al, (2003):Industrial Health, Effect of occupational

exposures on male infertility,vol (41)2 ,p 55--62.

Sharma S., Mittal S. and Aggarwal P.,( 2009): An International Journal of

Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Management of infertility in low resource

countries page 82Volume 116, Issue Supplement s1, , October 2009.

References

119

Shevell T, et al,( 2005) :Assisted reproductive technology and pregnancy

outcome. Obstet Gynecol, 106, Nov,1039-45.

Smeenk JM,et al. (2005): Stress and outcome success in IVF: the role of

self-reports and endocrine variables, Human Reproduction, vol(20),p

:991–996.

Small, C.M., Manatunga, A.K., Klein, M.,Domingues, C.E., Feigelson,

H.S., Mchesney, R.,and Marcus, M., (2011):Menstrual cycle

variability and the likelihood of achieving pregnancy. USA. National

Library of MedicineJournal, 25(4):369-78.

Soares SR., Simon C., Remohí J., Pellicer, (2007): Hum Reprod.,vol (22)

2,Cigarette smoking affects uterine receptiveness 543-7.

Sonja L. N., Akin-Tunde A. O., Theobald S. and Xiaoyun L.,(2009): The

Impact of Infertility on Infertile Men and Women, African Journal

of Reproductive Health Vol 13 No 3 September 2009.

Speroff L., Glass R. and Kase N. ,( 1999):Clinical Gynecological

Endocrinology and Infertility – Lippincott Williams and Wilkins

1999, U.S.A. 1035-1036, 1038-1043.

Speroff L& Fritz MA., (2005): Clinical gynecologic endocrinology and

infertility. 7th ed. Baltimore, Md: Williams & Wilkins.

Springhouse (2008): Professional Guide to Diseases,female infertility ,

(Eighth Edition), Copyright © 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All

rights reserved.

References

120

Standards of Practice for Integrated MCH/RH Services,(2005): First

Edition, June 2005, Chapter 18 P 387 .

Steptoe P.C., Edwards R.G., and Purdy J.M., (2007): Clinical aspects

of pregnancies established with cleaving embryos grown in

vitro. Br J Obstet Gynaecol,(87),757-68.

Strandell DS, Lindhard A. and Eckerlund I, (2005): Cost–

effectiveness analysis of salpingectomy prior to IVF, based on a

randomized controlled trial. Hum Reprod. , 20:3284–3292.

[PubMed].

Tara M. & Alice D., (2007): Best Practice & Research Clinical

Obstetrics and Gynecology Vol. 21, No. 2, Psychological

impact of infertility, pp. 293, available online at

http://www.sciencedirect.com.

Tierney, McPhee,and Papadakis,(2007 ): Journal of Counseling &

Development, vol (85) 89,long term adjustment following un

successful management © 2007 by the American Counseling

Association.

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, (2006): diagnosis and

management of infertility, JNP 385.www.npjournal.org.

The National institute for clinical excellence (NICE 2004 ) :fertility

assessment and treatment for people with fertility problems.

References

121

The Practice Committee of the American Society of Reproductive

Medicine. 2006: Guidelines for the provision of infertility

services. Fertility Sterility.

Tolstrup JS, Kjaer SK, Munk C, Madsen LB, Ottesen B, Bergholt T

and Gronbaek M., (2003): Does caffeine and alcohol intake

before pregnancy predict the occurrence of spontaneous

abortion? Hum Reprod 18:2704–2710.

Van Balan, F. Trimbos-Kemper, T.C.M (2000): Journal of

psychosomatic obstetric and Gynecology, Long term infertile

couple: A study of their well-being. special Issue, 53-60.

Vandekerckhove P, (2004),et al: laparoscopy in subfertile women,

Cochrane Database Systematic,vol( 2) ,p : 92.

Verhaak, C. M., Smeenk J. M., Nahuis M. J., Kremer J. A. and

Braat D. D. M., (2007) : “Long-term psychological adjustment

to IVF/ICSI treatment in women‟.” Human Reproduction 22

(1): 305-308.

Denson V., (2006): Diagnosis and Management of Infertility, The

Journal for Nurse Practitioners ( JNP),vol(10)10 © 2006

Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Wiersema NJ, et al (2006): Consequences of infertility in developing

countries, vol 4(54) results of a questionnaire and interview

survey in the south of Vietnam.,p :61.

References

122

Willem Ombelet, Lan K.,Silk D.,Gamal S.,Paul D., (2008):Infertility

and the provision of infertility medical services in developing

countries, 14(6): 605–621, Human Reproduction Update

journal, Published online 2008 September

@oxfordjournals.org.),Copyright © 2011 European Society of

Human Reproduction and Embryology.

Williams K., (2007): Neonatal exposure to potent and environmental

oestrogens and abnormalities of the male reproductive system

in the rat: evidence for importance of the androgen:oestrogen

balance and assessment of the relevance to man. Hum. Reprod.

Update7, 236–247 (2001).

Wind ham, G. C., Mitchell P., Anderson M. and Lasely B.L., (2007):

Cigarette smoking and effect ion hormone function in pre menopausal

woman .Environmental health perspectives, Vol 113(10), p : 1285-1290.

Women’s health council,(2009): Infertility and Its Treatments(A

Review of Psycho-social Issues) available @ www.whc.ie, Phone:

+353 1 878 3777,Fax: +353 1 878 3710,chapter 3,p 14.

Wong, et al. (2000): Male factor sub fertility: possible causes and the

impact of nutritional factors. Fertility and Sterility 73(3), 435-

442.

World Health Organization (WHO), (2009):Gender and Genetics

availableathttp://www.who.int/genomics/gender/en/index6.html

References

123

World Health Organization, (2011): ReproductiveHealth.http:/ /w ww.

Who.int/topics /reproductive_health/en/.

WHO,( 1992): WHO technical report series 820,( 1992): Recent advances

in medically assisted conception. Geneva: World Health Organization.

World Health Organization, (2008): Obesity preventing and managing

the global epidemic=, WHO Technical report series 894. Geneva

2010.

Yang, Y.Q., Shen, H., Chen, J., and Chen, Z.W., (2011): A prevalence

survey of infertility in Beijing, China. National Research Institute for

Family Planning Journal, 91(5):313-316.

Younglai EV., Holloway A.C. and Foster WG. (2005): Hum Reprod.

Update, vol (11)43, Environmental and occupational factors affecting

fertility and IVF success. p57.