references knowledge/learning: questions and answers · 3 how to approach homework and assignments...
TRANSCRIPT
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
Tips on Academic Communication
Faculty of Humanities: Freshman Preparation Course
Srinakharinwirot University
July 30-August 4th, 2016
Humanities Academic Communication 1 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
Knowledge/Learning: Questions and Answers
Question: Why are you here? (i.e., university)
Answer: To gain knowledge! eg.,
(i) fact vs fiction propositional(ii) how to do things procedural, eg.,
- how to access/acquire informationeg., by asking questions! Using library resources/databases!
- how to assess information (fact vs fiction, good vs bad ideas)eg., by asking critical questions! Testing Hypotheses!Checking for consistency!
- how to share ideas/knowledge
Humanities Academic Communication 2 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
Knowledge/Learning: Questions and Answers
Question: Why are you here? (i.e., university)
Answer: To gain knowledge! eg.,
(i) fact vs fiction propositional(ii) how to do things procedural, eg.,
- how to access/acquire informationeg., by asking questions! Using library resources/databases!
- how to assess information (fact vs fiction, good vs bad ideas)eg., by asking critical questions! Testing Hypotheses!Checking for consistency!
- how to share ideas/knowledge
Humanities Academic Communication 3 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
Asking Your Teacher Questions
Humanities Academic Communication 4 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
Acquiring Information by ASKING
How can we access/acquire information?
→ By asking questions!
...but what if you’re too shy to ask in front of all or my friends?
E-MAIL!
Humanities Academic Communication 5 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
Academic Communication: WHY to write emails
WHY are you writing an e-mail to your teacher?
You have a question regarding the classsyllabus/requirements: homework, midterm, final examconceptual content
You want to schedule an appointment to meet
Humanities Academic Communication 6 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
Academic Communication: WHEN to write emails
WHEN do you write an e-mail to your teacher?
Outside of class!
But your teachers are people too!
Don’t be surprised if you don’t get an immediate response on theweekend, or outside of working hours
(i.e., Monday-Friday (8am -4:30 pm)
Humanities Academic Communication 7 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
HOWdo you write an e-mail to your teacher?
Sample E-mail
From: [email protected]: [no subject]
Hi Teacher,
Tell me about the homework?
Thank you,Chocolate
P.S. PLEASE GIVE ME AN A!!! ; )
Humanities Academic Communication 8 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
HOWdo you write an e-mail to your teacher?
Sample E-mail
From: [email protected]: Question about SWU 252: Homework format
Dear Ajarn Jack,
My name is Nattaya Piriyawiboon (student no. 0987654321).I am in your Thursday morning SWU 252 (Aesthetics) class.
I have a question about the homework assignment that is duenext Thursday (September 16th) - is it okay if my assignment ishand-written, or do you require a typed and printed version?
Thank you,Chocolate (Nattaya Piriyawiboon)
Humanities Academic Communication 9 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
HOWdo you write an e-mail to your teacher?
Sample E-mail
From: [email protected]: homework
Hello Teacher,
I have a question about your homework essay. I want to ask youabout it. I’ll come by your office tomorrow, 12 pm, ok?
Thank you,Apple
Humanities Academic Communication 10 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
4 Easy Steps for Smooth Communication
1. Greeting
2. Identify yourself
3. Ask your question or state your concern
4. Closing
Humanities Academic Communication 11 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
4 Easy Steps for Smooth Communication
1. Greeting
2. Identify yourself
3. Ask your question or state your concern
4. Closing
Humanities Academic Communication 12 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Greet your Teacher in an Email
HOW to GREET for Smooth Communication
UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTABLE(i) Salutation: Dear mmm, Good Morning/Afternoon, Greetings!(ii) Titles: Mr., Ms., Dr., Ajarn, Professor
...NOT SO UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTABLE(i) Salutation: Hi, Hey, What’s up?, Whaazzzzzup?(ii) Titles: You - First name
Humanities Academic Communication 13 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
4 Easy Steps for Smooth Communication
1. Greeting
2. Identify yourself
3. Ask your question or state your concern
4. Closing
Humanities Academic Communication 14 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
4 Easy Steps for Smooth Communication
1. Greeting
2. Identify yourself
3. Ask your question or state your concern
4. Closing
Humanities Academic Communication 15 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Identify Yourself in an Email
HOW to Self-Identify for Smooth Communication
INFORMATIVE and USEFUL!(i) Full name AND nickname(ii) Student number(iii) Class code, class name, class section
...NOT SO INFORMATIVE and USEFUL(i) Nickname only (or not even that)(ii) Class name only (there is often more than one section)
Humanities Academic Communication 16 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
4 Easy Steps for Smooth Communication
1. Greeting
2. Identify yourself
3. Ask your question or state your concern
4. Closing
Humanities Academic Communication 17 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
4 Easy Steps for Smooth Communication
1. Greeting
2. Identify yourself
3. Ask your question or state your concern
4. Closing
Humanities Academic Communication 18 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to ASK/STATE Concerns in an Email
HOW to ASK/STATE concerns for Smooth Communication
(i) Make it brief - KEEP IT SIMPLE
(ii) Give all, but only relevant/important details
(iii) Show that you’ve already tried to answer your question(eg., asking TA, checking syllabus, course website)
(iv) Use formatting to help organize issues
Humanities Academic Communication 19 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
4 Easy Steps for Smooth Communication
1. Greeting
2. Identify yourself
3. Ask your question or state your concern
4. Closing
Humanities Academic Communication 20 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Ask your Teacher Questions
4 Easy Steps for Smooth Communication
1. Greeting
2. Identify yourself
3. Ask your question or state your concern
4. Closing
Humanities Academic Communication 21 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
2.1 Greeting2.2 Identify Yourself2.3 Ask your question/State concern2.4 Closing
How to Sign Off in an Email
HOW to Sign Off for Smooth Communication
RESPECTFUL(i) Thank you,(ii) Respectfully Yours, Best
...NOT SO RESPECTFUL(i) Pls answer soon!!!(ii) Hurry! And please give me an A!!!
Humanities Academic Communication 22 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
Doing Homework andAssignments
Humanities Academic Communication 23 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
Knowledge/Learning: Questions and Answers
Question: Why are you here? (i.e., university)
Answer: To gain knowledge! eg.,
(i) fact vs fiction propositional(ii) how to do things procedural, eg.,
- how to access/acquire informationeg., by asking questions! Using library resources/databases!
- how to assess information (fact vs fiction, good vs bad ideas)eg., by asking critical questions! Testing Hypotheses!Checking for consistency!
- how to share ideas/knowledge - i.e., communication
Humanities Academic Communication 24 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
Knowledge/Learning: Questions and Answers
Question: Why are you here? (i.e., university)
Answer: To gain knowledge! eg.,
(i) fact vs fiction propositional(ii) how to do things procedural, eg.,
- how to access/acquire informationeg., by asking questions! Using library resources/databases!
- how to assess information (fact vs fiction, good vs bad ideas)eg., by asking critical questions! Testing Hypotheses!Checking for consistency!
- how to share ideas/knowledge - i.e., communication
Humanities Academic Communication 25 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
COMMUNICATING KNOWLEDGE
WHEN do you communicate your knowledge?
In-Class Discussions!
Assignments!
Quizzes, Midterms, Final Exams!
→ These are your opportunity to learn,but also your opportunity to show your learning!
Humanities Academic Communication 26 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
COMMUNICATING KNOWLEDGE
HOW do you make the mostof homework/assignments as learning opportunities?
Don’t be afraid to be wrong!
But ask yourself: Why do I think this? Is it justified?
Be honest about your state of knowledge!
→ If you honestly communicate what you know/think, and what youdon’t know, it’ll be easier for your teacher to help you learn
Humanities Academic Communication 27 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
COMMUNICATING KNOWLEDGE
HOW do you be HONESTLY communicatethe state of your knowledge?
1. First, YOU have to figure out what you know!Ask yourself: Why do I think this? Is it justified?
2. Be honest about where your knowledge came from
→ Academic communication has specific ways of marking thisi.e., citation systems like MLA, APA, Chicago Style, etc.
Humanities Academic Communication 28 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING KNOWLEDGE
WHAT is plagiarism?“the process of taking another person’s work,ideas or words, and using them as if they wereyour own.”
. -MacMillan Dictionary Entry
Humanities Academic Communication 29 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
WHY avoid plagiarism?...besides the ethical concerns of dishonesty?
...you’ll be mocked on Twitter and The Late Show!
You could be academically punished:fail the assignment, fail the course, expelled from university
Humanities Academic Communication 30 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
WHAT counts asplagiarism?
You copied your friend’s homework, word-for-word
You copied one paragraph of your friend’s homework, word-for-word(but the other 80% is yours)
You used the ideas in your friend’s homework, but rephrased thingsin your own words
Humanities Academic Communication 31 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
WHAT counts asplagiarism?
You copied and pasted one sentence from Wikipedia
You read a paragraph from Wikipedia, but summarized it in yourown words
You read an article, and use some ideas from it, or modify someideas from it, to write an essay
Humanities Academic Communication 32 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
Michelle Obama at DNC 2008“Barack and I were raised withso many of the same values, thatyou work hard for what you wantin life, that your word is yourbond and you do what you sayyou’re going to do; that youtreat people with dignity andrespect, even if you don’t knowthem and even if you don’t agreewith them.”
Melania Trump at RNC 2016“From a young age, my parentsimpressed on me the values thatyou work hard for what you wantin life, that your word is yourbond and you do what you sayand keep your promise. That youtreat people with respect. Theytaught and showed me valuesand morals in their daily life.”
Humanities Academic Communication 33 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
Michelle Obama at DNC 2008“Barack and I were raised withso many of the same values, thatyou work hard for what you wantin life, that your word is yourbond and you do what you sayyou’re going to do; that youtreat people with dignity andrespect, even if you don’t knowthem and even if you don’t agreewith them.”
Melania Trump at RNC 2016“From a young age, my parentsimpressed on me the values thatyou work hard for what you wantin life, that your word is yourbond and you do what you sayand keep your promise. That youtreat people with respect. Theytaught and showed me valuesand morals in their daily life.”
Humanities Academic Communication 34 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
Michelle Obama at DNC 2008“And Barack and I set out tobuild lives guided by thesevalues, and pass them on to thenext generation. Because wewant our children – and allchildren in this nation – to knowthat the only limit to the heightof your achievements is thereach of your dreams and yourwillingness to work for them.”
Melania Trump at RNC 2016“ That is a lesson that I continueto pass along to our son, and weneed to pass those lessons on tothe many generations to follow,because we want our children inthis nation to know that the onlylimit to your achievements is thestrength of your dreams and yourwillingness to work for them.”
Humanities Academic Communication 35 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
Michelle Obama at DNC 2008“And Barack and I set out tobuild lives guided by thesevalues, and pass them on to thenext generation. Because wewant our children – and allchildren in this nation – to knowthat the only limit to the heightof your achievements is thereach of your dreams and yourwillingness to work for them.”
Melania Trump at RNC 2016“ That is a lesson that I continueto pass along to our son, and weneed to pass those lessons on tothe many generations to follow,because we want our children inthis nation to know that the onlylimit to your achievements is thestrength of your dreams and yourwillingness to work for them.”
Humanities Academic Communication 36 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
WHAT counts asplagiarism?
It’s okay to take ideas and inspiration from other people!
“If I have seen far,it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.”
- Isaac Newton
But it’s important to give that person(s) credit!
This is why we have citation systems
Humanities Academic Communication 37 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
WHAT is acitation system?
1. APA Style (American Psychological Association)
2. MLA Style (Modern Language Association)
3. Chicago Style/Turaburian
4. ...(but these are just examples)
Humanities Academic Communication 38 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
WHAT is acitation system?
1. Reference/Bibliography: A list of all of the sources you have used,with all the relevant information (eg., author, title, format, year, etc.)
2. In-line Citations: Indications throughout your work, of where andhow you have used these sources. (eg., Vancouver-Style orParenthetical Style)
3. Standardized way of marking Direct Quotation (eg., quotationmarks, indented italic “quote” boxes)
Humanities Academic Communication 39 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
WHAT counts asplagiarism?
If you don’t think you can rephrase the idea in a clear way, usequotation marks to mark the words as direct quotation!
If you are able to rephrase the idea, you still need to indicateyour source with in-line citations!
If you have modified the idea, you should also indicate yourinspiration with in-line citations
Humanities Academic Communication 40 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
WHEN do you use theparts of a citation system?1. Reference/Bibliography: Every source you use for ideas/inspiration
MUST be included in your list of references.
2. In-line Citations: Anything that did not spring from your mind, fullyformed, should be marked with an in-line citation.
3. Quotation Marks: Whenever you have used five consecutive wordsfrom a source! Or for non-standard terminology.
Humanities Academic Communication 41 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
SOURCE 1 (Stecker 2010:39)
Kant thought that four featuresare essential to such judgmentsand distinguish it from otherswith which it might be confused.First, such judgments aresubjective, that is, they are basedon a felt response of pleasure,rather than the application of arule or a concept.
SOURCE 2 (Lyas 1997:113)
The terms “objective” and “subjective” seem
easy to characterize. The world, it is said,
contains two classes of things. There are
objects out there: trees, stones and clouds,
which have properties like weight and
shape. Then there are subjects that have a
psychological life: me, your dog, their
hamster and her pig. An objective assertion
refers to a property out there, in the object.
A subjective assertion expresses some state
of the psychological life of the subject.
Humanities Academic Communication 42 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
SOURCE 1 (Stecker 2010:39)
Kant thought that four featuresare essential to such judgmentsand distinguish it from otherswith which it might be confused.First, such judgments aresubjective, that is, they are basedon a felt response of pleasure,rather than the application of arule or a concept.
HOMEWORK
Kant proposed that aestheticjudgements are characterizable by fourfeatures. The first characteristic featureis that they are “subjective.” By theterm “subjective,” Kant means that anaesthetic judgement is based on “a feltresponse of pleasure” (Stecker 2010).This contrasts with an objectivejudgement, which is based on asystematic calculation or applied rule(Stecker 2010).
Humanities Academic Communication 43 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEAS
SOURCE 1 (Stecker 2010:39)
Kant thought that four featuresare essential to such judgmentsand distinguish it from otherswith which it might be confused.First, such judgments aresubjective, that is, they are basedon a felt response of pleasure,rather than the application of arule or a concept.
HOMEWORK
Kant proposed that aestheticjudgements are characterizable by fourfeatures. The first characteristic featureis that they are “subjective.” By theterm “subjective,” Kant means that anaesthetic judgement is based on “a feltresponse of pleasure” (Stecker 2010).This contrasts with an objectivejudgement, which is based on asystematic calculation or applied rule(Stecker 2010).
Humanities Academic Communication 44 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEASSOURCE 2 (Lyas 1997:113)
The terms “objective” and “subjective”
seem easy to characterize. The world,
it is said, contains two classes of things.
There are objects out there: trees,
stones and clouds, which have
properties like weight and shape. Then
there are subjects that have a
psychological life: me, your dog, their
hamster and her pig. An objective
assertion refers to a property out there,
in the object. A subjective assertion
expresses some state of the
psychological life of the subject.
HOMEWORK
Stecker 2010’s use of the term“subjective” differs from howLyas 1997 uses it. According toLyas 1997, subjectivejudgements crucially involve theperspective of a perceiving,thinking, “subject” - i.e., anentity with a “psychological life”(Lyas 1997:113). According toLyas 1997, the absence of asystematic calculation or appliedrule is irrelevant to categorizing ajudgement as “subjective” or not.
Humanities Academic Communication 45 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
3.1 How to Approach Homework/Assignments3.2 Plagiarism and Citation Systems
HONESTLY COMMUNICATING IDEASSOURCE 2 (Lyas 1997:113)
The terms “objective” and “subjective”
seem easy to characterize. The world,
it is said, contains two classes of things.
There are objects out there: trees,
stones and clouds, which have
properties like weight and shape. Then
there are subjects that have a
psychological life: me, your dog, their
hamster and her pig. An objective
assertion refers to a property out there,
in the object. A subjective assertion
expresses some state of the
psychological life of the subject.
HOMEWORK
Stecker 2010’s use of the term“subjective” differs from howLyas 1997 uses it. According toLyas 1997, subjectivejudgements crucially involve theperspective of a perceiving,thinking, “subject” - i.e., anentity with a “psychological life”(Lyas 1997:113). According toLyas 1997, the absence of asystematic calculation or appliedrule is irrelevant to categorizing ajudgement as “subjective” or not.
Humanities Academic Communication 46 / 47
1 Introduction2 Asking your Teacher Questions
3 How to Approach Homework and AssignmentsReferences
References I
Lyas, Colin. 1997. Aesthetics Fundamentals of Philosophy. University CollegeLondon Press, London.
Stecker, Robert. 2010. Aesthetics and the philosophy of art: An introduction.Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
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