8/16/2019 References Tears

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Perineal tears during birthV2.1

[1] Walsh, C.J., Mooney, E.F., Upton, G.J., & Motson, R.W. (1996). Incidence of third-degree perineal tears in labour and outcomes after primary repair. The British Journalof Surgery, 83(2), 218-221.

[2] Jandér, C., & Lyrenäs, S. (2001). Third and fourth degree perineal tears. ActaObstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 80(3), 229–234. 

[3] Poen, A.C., Felt-Bersma, R.J.F., Dekker, G.A., Deville, W., Cuesta, M.A., &Meuwissen, S.G.M. (1997). Third degree obstetric perineal tears: risk factors and thepreventative role of mediolateral episiotomy. British Journal of Obstetrics andGynaecology, 104, 563–566.

[4] Hay-Smith, J., Morkved, S., Fairbrother, K.A., & Herbison, G.P. (2008). Pelvic floormuscle training for prevention and treatment of urinary and faecal incontinence inantenatal and postnatal women. Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews. Issue4. Art. No.: CD007471.

[5] Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecologists (RCOG). The management of thirdand fourth degree perineal tears. London (UK): Royal College of Obstetricians andGynaecologists (RCOG); Guideline; no. 29. 2007.

[6] Hudelist, G., Gellen, J., Singer, C., Ruecklinger, E., Czerwenka, K., Kandolf, O., etal. (2005). Factors predicting severe perineal trauma during childbirth: role of forcepsdelivery routinely combined with mediolateral episiotomy. American Journal ofObstetrics and Gynaecology, 192, 875-881.

[7] Beckmann MM, Garret AJ. Antenatal perineal massage for reducing perineal trauma.(2006), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD005123.

[8] Albers, L.L., & Borders, N. (2007). Minimizing Genital Tract Trauma and RelatedPain Following Spontaneous Vaginal Birth. Journal of Midwifery and Women’sHealth, 52(3), 246-253.

[9] Aasheim V, Nilsen ABVika, Lukasse M, & Reinar L. (2011). Perineal techniquesduring the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma. Cochrane Databaseof Systematic Reviews. Issue 3. Art. No.: CD006672.

[10] Ko, P.C., Liang, C.C., Chang, S.D., Chao, A.S., Cheng, P.J. (2011). A randomizedcontrolled trial of antenatal pelvic floor exercises to prevent and treat urinaryincontinence. International Urogynecology Journal, 22,17-22.

[11] Dahlen, H., Ryan, M., Homer, C., Cooke, M. (2006) An Australian prospective cohort

study of risk factors for severe perineal trauma during childbirth. Midwifery, 23,196-203.

[12] Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (RCOG). (2003). Female genitalmutilation and its management. London (UK): Royal College of Obstetricians andGynaecologists (RCOG); Guideline; no. 53.

[13] Queensland Health, 2011. Perinatal Statistics Queensland, 2009. QueenslandHealth, Brisbane, QLD.

[14] Miller, Y.D., Thompson, R., Porter, J., Prosser, S., Fletcher, R., 2012. Findings Fromthe Having a Baby in Queensland Singleton Survey, 2010. Queensland Centre for

Mothers & Babies, The University of Queensland.