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Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC VINCI TECHNOLOGIES http://www.vinci-technologies.com Page 1 Determination of Capillary pressure & relative permeability curves With Refrigerated Centrifuge Multi speed centrifuge experiments Introduction As the porous diaphragm method (see Vinci’s CAPRI), the centrifuge method is a commonly used method for determining the capillary pressure properties of reservoir rocks. The procedure begins with a core sample which is placed in a centrifuge tube. The system is rotated at a number of different speeds selected to cover pressure differences between phases required for the particular cores. At each step, the rate of rotation is maintained constant until phase stabilization. Either Drainage or Imbibition experiments can be held as shown in the pictures below. Centrifuge force Imbibition experiment Core saturated with the non-wetting fluid Sample containment cup Calibrated receiving tube Wetting fluid Non-wetting fluid VINCI TECHNOLOGIES Parc de l'Ile, 27B rue du Port, 92022NANTERRE Phone: 331 41 37 92 20 e-mail: [email protected] http://www.vinci-technologies.com

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Page 1: Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC - Vinci Technologies · Refrigerated centrifuge (RC) The RC is a refrigerated centrifuge enabling automatic determination of capillary pressure & relative

Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC

VINCI TECHNOLOGIES – http://www.vinci-technologies.com Page 1

Determination of Capillary

pressure & relative permeability

curves

With Refrigerated Centrifuge

Multi speed centrifuge experiments

Introduction

As the porous diaphragm method (see Vinci’s CAPRI), the

centrifuge method is a commonly used method for determining

the capillary pressure properties of reservoir rocks.

The procedure begins with a core sample which is placed in a

centrifuge tube. The system is rotated at a number of different

speeds selected to cover pressure differences between phases

required for the particular cores. At each step, the rate of rotation

is maintained constant until phase stabilization.

Either Drainage or Imbibition experiments can be held as shown

in the pictures below.

Centrifuge force

Imbibition experiment

Core saturated with

the non-wetting fluid Sample

containment cup

Calibrated

receiving tubeWetting fluid

Non-wetting fluid

VINCI TECHNOLOGIES Parc de l'Ile, 27B rue du Port,

92022NANTERRE Phone: 331 41 37 92 20

e-mail: [email protected]

http://www.vinci-technologies.com

Page 2: Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC - Vinci Technologies · Refrigerated centrifuge (RC) The RC is a refrigerated centrifuge enabling automatic determination of capillary pressure & relative

Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC

VINCI TECHNOLOGIES – http://www.vinci-technologies.com Page 2

The centrifuge technique for measuring relative permeability is a simple

extension of the centrifuge technique for measuring capillary pressure.

The fluid produced as a function of time for each rotational speed is

analyzed to determine the relative permeability curves.

Data collection is therefore no more complicated than for the capillary

pressure case except that the frequency of data capture is greatly

increased, particularly just after the speed of rotation has been changed.

Refrigerated centrifuge (RC)

The RC is a refrigerated centrifuge enabling automatic

determination of capillary pressure & relative permeability curves

on six core sample.

Custom designed core holders offer the ability to spin core plug

samples. Each coreholder is equipped with a sample containment

cup and a calibrated receiving tube.

A unique feature is that Vinci’s coreholder can accommodate

either 1 or 1.5’’ diameter cores. The same coreholder can be used

either for drainage of for imbibition experiments.

Page 3: Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC - Vinci Technologies · Refrigerated centrifuge (RC) The RC is a refrigerated centrifuge enabling automatic determination of capillary pressure & relative

Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC

VINCI TECHNOLOGIES – http://www.vinci-technologies.com Page 3

Drainage / Imbibition Core Holder / Amott cell

Spontaneous Imbibition and drainage measurement are made using

Amott cells

The centrifuge is equipped with a high resolution digital camera

system allowing measurement of displaced fluid volumes in each of the

cells sequentially.

Thanks to a 1360 x 1024 pixel resolution, the interface level is detected

with an accuracy of less than 0.1 mm i.e. 0.03 cc for a 20 mm receiving

tube.

Dedicated software automatically detects the interface between the

fluids and records the volume production.

A unique feature of RC is the very important length of the

centrifuges arms. Compared to some others centrifuge, RC can

achieve important capillary pressure at relatively low rotational

speed. Thanks to this particularity, the rotation speed is stable

even for high capillary pressures and the interface detection

remains perfect for any rotation speed.

Gas Water Interface

1mm wide Floating disc

Lower end of the reciving

tube

Water / Gas Drainage

experiment

Page 4: Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC - Vinci Technologies · Refrigerated centrifuge (RC) The RC is a refrigerated centrifuge enabling automatic determination of capillary pressure & relative

Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC

VINCI TECHNOLOGIES – http://www.vinci-technologies.com Page 4

The great speed stability of RC and the accuracy of interface

detection allows for high quality production curves.

Overburden core holder

For overburden experiments, at reservoir conditions of pressure

(5,000 psi), dedicated core holders can be provided.

Confining pressure can be

applied prior to the test using a

manual pump.

The loading mode is hydrostatic,

therefore, axial and radial

pressure are equivalent.

The same core holder can be used

both for drainage and imbibition

test

The same core holder can be used

for 1 or 1.5’’ diameter cores.

Page 5: Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC - Vinci Technologies · Refrigerated centrifuge (RC) The RC is a refrigerated centrifuge enabling automatic determination of capillary pressure & relative

Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC

VINCI TECHNOLOGIES – http://www.vinci-technologies.com Page 5

Simulation package

RC is provided with a dedicated simulation package. CYDAR includes a

special module for centrifuge acquisition data. CYDAR automatically

collects the production curve and calculates instant saturation and

capillary pressure.

This simulation package has been developed in collaboration with core

analysis specialists; it’s customer friendly software accurate and

powerful.

CYDAR uses the most recent methods developed and tested in research

laboratories and published in the proceedings of the Society of Core

Analysis.

For each experimental curve, CYDAR proposes 6 types of different

fit (linear, splines, bi-exponential, etc.). Kr and Pc determination is

made by numerical history matching. The modules allows for

classical calculations (Hagoort, JBN, etc.) as well as accurate

simulations.

Page 6: Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC - Vinci Technologies · Refrigerated centrifuge (RC) The RC is a refrigerated centrifuge enabling automatic determination of capillary pressure & relative

Refrigerated Centrifuge - RC

VINCI TECHNOLOGIES – http://www.vinci-technologies.com Page 6

Technical Specifications

Item Type / model / specification

Core holder:

Number of Core Holder: 6

Core Ø: 1 or 1.5’’

Core length: Up to 4 ” for atm. coreholder

Up to 2.5” for overburden core holder

Capillary pressure:

Oil-water drainage: 0.0 to 14.7 bar

(0 to 213 psi)

Oil-water imbibition: – 0.0 to – 15.9 bar

(–0 to – 230 psi)

Air-water drainage: 0.0 to 44.1 bar

(1 to 639 psi)

Air-water imbibition: – 0.1 to – 47.628.1 bar

(–1 to – 690 psi)

Speed:

Speed: from 200 to 4,500 rpm

Speed regulation: ± 1 rpm

Speed ramp: Available

Temperature: From 5° to +90°C

Larger radius: 26 cm

Accuracy on reading: 0.01cc