regents biology 2006-2007 classification regents biology what variety! what similarity! diversity...
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Regents Biology 2006-2007
Classification
Regents Biology
What variety! What similarity! Diversity of Life
there are so many different creatures on Earth
why are there differences? Unity of life
all creatures have similarities
common characteristics why are they so alike?
Regents Biology
Regents Biology
Organizing the world of organsims The Tree of Life
organize creatures by structure & function how they are built how they live
organize them into groups of closely related creatures
Regents Biology
Classification System to organize all living creatures
plants animals microbes etc.
Regents Biology
Why not use common names? Misleading
starfish dragonfly
Confusing blue jay, blue coat, corn
thief dog, perro, chien
I swim,but I’m still
a bird!
Regents Biology
Carolus Linnaeus The Linnean system
proposed in 1700s each species has a
2 part name genus species
Homo sapiens
Regents Biology
Latin binomial 2 part scientific name
Genus — larger group to which organism belongs always capitalized
species — specific name for that organism always lowercase
example: Linnaeus named humans Homo sapiens means “wise man”
— perhaps in a show of hope & optimism
Regents Biology
Classification Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species
Regents Biology
Bacteria&
Archaebacteria
Classification 6 Kingdom system
Prokaryotes No separate organelles in their cells Bacteria Archaebacteria
Eukaryotes Separate organelles
in their cells Protists Plants Fungi Animals
Prokaryote
Eukaryote
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KingdomProtist
KingdomFungi
KingdomPlant
KingdomAnimal
KingdomArchaebacteria
KingdomBacteria
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Regents Biology
Genus groupings Classify organisms into broader groups Species that are closely related are
grouped into the same genus Leopard Panthera pardus African lion Panthera leo Tiger Panthera tigris
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Orders & families
Regents Biology
Organizing systems Making sense out of the differences
Eastern gray squirrelSciurus carolinensis
Regents Biology
Prokaryotes Bacteria
one-celled organisms microscopic no organelles
have cell membrane have DNA
most common form of life on Earth incredible number of different kinds
Regents Biology
Bacterial diversityrods and spheres and spirals… Oh My!
Regents Biology
Both Good & Bad… Pathogens
cause disease infections
Beneficial & necessary help in digestion help plants grow make foods
Regents Biology
Archaebacteria Ancient bacteria
live in extreme environments high heat high salt
the most ancient creatures living on Earth today
Regents Biology
Bacteria live EVERYWHERE On plants & animals In plants & animals In the soil In the extreme cold In the extreme hot On the living On the dead