Regents Exam Practice: Measurement, Kinematics, Free Fall, PJM, and UCM

A)B)

C)

D)

1. Which quantity and unit are correctly paired?

A) meter B) secondC) kilogram D) Newton

2. Which is a derived unit?

A) milligram B) gramC) kilogram D) decigram

3. The fundamental unit of mass in the mks system is the

A) 100 m B) 10–1 mC) 10–2 m D) 10–3 m

4. The diameter of a United States penny is closest to

A) 1.5 × 10–2 m B) 1.5 × 10–1 mC) 1.5 × 101 m D) 1.5 × 102 m

5. The length of a dollar bill is approximately

A) 100 kg B) 101 kgC) 102 kg D) 103 kg

6. The mass of a high school football player isapproximately

A) dime B) paper clipC) physics student D) golf ball

7. Which object weighs approximately 1 Newton?

A) 0.6 cm2 B) 6 cm2

C) 60 cm2 D) 600 cm2

8. The area of a page in a test booklet is closest to

A) 3.0 m shorter B) 6.0 m shorterC) 3.0 m longer D) 6.0 m longer

9. A baseball player runs 27.4 meters from the batter'sbox to first base, overruns first base by 3.0 meters,and then returns to first base. Compared to the totaldistance traveled by the player, the magnitude of theplayer's total displacement from the batter's box is

A) 0.39 m/s B) 1.2 m/sC) 2.5 m/s D) 4.3 m/s

10. A student on an amusement park ride moves in acircular path with a radius of 3.5 meters once every8.9 seconds. The student moves at an average speedof

A)

B)

C)

D)

11. Which graph best represents the motion of a blockaccelerating uniformly down an inclined plane?

A)

B)

C)

D)

12. Which pair of graphs represent the same motion?

A)

B)

C)

D)

13. Which two graphs best represent the motion of anobject falling freely from rest near Earth's surface?

A) 1:1 B) 1:2 C) 2:1 D) 4:1

14. A 4.0-kilogram rock and a 1.0-kilogram stone fallfreely from rest from a height of 100 meters. Afterthey fall for 2.0 seconds, the ratio of the rock's speedto the stone's speed is

A) 10 m/sec B) 20 m/secC) 15 m/sec D) 40 m/sec

15. A softball is thrown straight up, reaching amaximum height of 20 meters. Neglecting airresistance, what is the ball's approximate verticalspeed when it hits the ground?

A) 1.6 m/s2 B) 2.2 m/s2

C) 4.4 m/s2 D) 9.8 m/s2

16. An astronaut standing on a platform on the Moondrops a hammer. If the hammer falls 6.0 metersvertically in 2.7 seconds, what is its acceleration?

A)

B)

C)

D)

17. A student throws a baseball vertically upward andthen catches it. If vertically upward is considered tobe the positive direction, which graph bestrepresents the relationship between velocity andtime for the baseball? [Neglect friction.]

A) 20. m/s2 B) 9.8 m/s2

C) 5.0 m/s2 D) 4.0 m/s2

18. A skier starting from rest skis straight down a slope50. meters long in 5.0 seconds. What is themagnitude of the acceleration of the skier?

A) 50. m B) 60. mC) 1.0 × 102 m D) 1.5 × 102 m

19. A car, initially traveling east with a speed of 5.0meters per second, is accelerated uniformly at 2.0meters per second2 east for 10. seconds along astraight line. During this 10.-second interval the cartravels a total distance of

A) 3.0 × 101 s B) 4.3 × 101 sC) 4.5 × 102 s D) 9.0 × 102 s

20. A rocket initially at rest on the ground lifts offvertically with a constant acceleration of 2.0 × 101

meters per second2. How long will it take the rocketto reach an altitude of 9.0 × 103 meters?

A) 12 m/s B) 27 m/sC) 3.0 m/s D) 7.0 m/s

21. A child riding a bicycle at 15 meters per secondaccelerates at -3.0 meters per second2 for 4.0seconds. What is the child’s speed at the end of this4.0-second interval?

A)

B)

C)

D)

22. Which graph best represents the relationshipbetween velocity and time for an object whichaccelerates uniformly for 2 seconds, then moves at aconstant velocity for 1 second, and finallydecelerates for 3 seconds?

A) B)

C) D)

23. Which graph best represents an object in equilibrium moving in a straight line?

A) less B) greaterC) the same

24. Cars A and B both start from rest at the samelocation at the same time.

Compared to the speed of car B at 6 seconds, thespeed of car A at 6 seconds is

25. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below which represents the relationshipbetween speed and time for an object in motion along a straight line.

A) 0 to 1 s and 3 s to 4 sB) 1 s to 3 s and 5 s to 6 sC) 6 s to 10 sD) None of the above, it decelerates but is moving to the left

During what time period was the car decelerating as it was moving right

A) 20. m B) 40. mC) 60. m D) 80. m

26. The graph below shows the velocity of a race carmoving along a straight line as a function of time.

What is the magnitude of the displacement of the carfrom t = 2.0 seconds to t = 4.0 seconds?

27. Base your answer to the following question on the information and diagram below.

A student standing on a knoll throws a snowball horizontally 4.5 meters above the level groundtoward a smokestack 15 meters away. The snowball hits the smokestack 0.65 second after beingreleased. [Neglect air resistance.]

A) 6.9 m/s B) 9.8 m/s C) 17 m/s D) 23 m/s

At the instant the snowball is released, the horizontal component of its velocity is approximately

Base your answers to questions 28 and 29 on the information and diagram below.

A child kicks a ball with an initial velocity of 8.5meters per second at an angle of 35° with thehorizontal, as shown. The ball has an initial verticalvelocity of 4.9 meters per second and a total time offlight of 1.0 second. [Neglect air resistance.]

A) 3.6 m/s B) 7.0 m/sC) 4.9 m/s D) 13 m/s

28. The horizontal component of the ball's initialvelocity is approximately

A) 1.2 m B) 2.5 mC) 4.9 m D) 8.5 m

29. The maximum height reached by the ball isapproximately

A) 1.0 m/s2 B) 0.10 m/s2

C) 10 m/s2 D) 0.0 m/s2

30. The graph below represents the relationship betweenspeed and time for a car moving in a straight line.

The magnitude of the car's acceleration is

Base your answers to questions 31 through 34 on thefollowing information. In the diagram below, a10.-kilogram sphere, A, is projected horizontally witha velocity of 30. meters per second due east from aheight of 20. meters above level ground. At the sameinstant, a 20.-kilogram sphere, B, is projectedhorizontally with a velocity of 10. meters per seconddue west from a height of 80. meters above levelground. [Neglect air friction.]

A) 15 m B) 30 mC) 40. m D) 45 m

31. Initially, the spheres are separated by a horizontaldistance of 100. meters. What is the horizontalseparation of the spheres at the end of 1.5 seconds?

A) the same B) twice as greatC) one-half as great D) four times as great

32. Compared to the vertical acceleration of sphere A, the vertical acceleration of sphere B is

A) 0.0 m/s2 B) 2.0 m/s2

C) 9.8 m/s2 D) 15 m/s2

33. The magnitude of the horizontal acceleration ofsphere A is

A) 15 m B) 30 mC) 40. m D) 45 m

34. Initially, the spheres are separated by a horizontaldistance of 100. meters. What is the horizontalseparation of the spheres at the end of 1.5 seconds?

A) smaller B) greaterC) the same

35. Note that the question below only has threechoices.

The diagram below represents the path of a stunt carthat is driven off a cliff, neglecting friction.

Compared to the horizontal component of the car'svelocity at point A, the horizontal component of thecar's velocity at point B is

A) Both spheres hit the ground at the same timeand at the same distance from the base of thetower.

B) Both spheres hit the ground at the sametime, but sphere A lands twice as far assphere B from the base of the tower.

C) Both spheres hit the ground at the same time,but sphere B lands twice as far as sphere A from the base of the tower.

D) Sphere A hits the ground before sphere B, andsphere A lands twice as far as sphere B from thebase of the tower

36. Two spheres, A and B, are simultaneously projectedhorizontally from the top of a tower. Sphere A has ahorizontal speed of 40. meters per second and sphereB has a horizontal speed of 20. meters per second.Which statement best describes the time required forthe spheres to reach the ground and the horizontaldistance they travel? [Neglect friction and assumethe ground is level.]

A)

B)

C)

D)

37. The diagram represents a bicycle and rider travelingto the right at a constant speed. A ball is droppedfrom the hand of the cyclist.

Which set of graphs best represents the horizontalmotion of the ball relative to the ground? [Neglectair resistance.]

A) path as they fallB) final velocity as they reach the groundC) initial horizontal velocityD) initial vertical velocity

38. A ball is thrown horizontally from the top of abuilding with an initial velocity of 15 meters persecond. At the same instant, a second ball is droppedfrom the top of the building. The two balls have thesame

A) vx = 40. m/s and vy = 10. m/sB) vx = 40. m/s and vy = 30. m/sC) vx = 20. m/s and vy = 10. m/sD) vx = 20. m/s and vy = 30. m/s

39. A projectile is launched at an angle above theground. The horizontal component of the projectile'svelocity. vx, is initially 40. meters per second. Thevertical component of the projectile's velocity, vy, isinitially 30. meters per second. What are thecomponents of the projectile's velocity after 2.0seconds of flight? [Neglect friction.]

40. Base your answer to the following question on theinformation and diagram below

A golf ball leaves a golf club with an initialvelocity of 40.0 meters per second at an angle of40º with the horizontal.

A) 25.7 m/s B) 30.6 m/sC) 40.0 m/s D) 61.3 m/s

What is the vertical component of the golf ball’sinitial velocity?

A) A B) B C) C D) D

41. Four projectiles, A, B, C, and D, were launchedfrom, and returned to, level ground. The data tablebelow show the initial horizontal speed, initialvertical speed, and time of flight for each projectile.

Which projectile traveled the greatest horizontaldistance? [Neglect friction.]

Base your answers to questions 42 through 45 on the diagram and information below.

A machine launches a tennis ball at an angle of 45° with the horizontal, as shown. The ball has aninitial vertical velocity of 9.0 meters per second and an initial horizontal velocity of 9.0 meters persecond. The ball reaches its maximum height 0.92 second after its launch. [Neglect air resistance andassume the ball lands at the same height above the ground from which it was launched.]

A) decreases B) increasesC) remains the same

42. The speed at which the launcher fires tennis balls is constant, but the angle between the launcher andthe horizontal can be varied. As the angle is decreased from 45° to 30.°, the range of the tennis balls

A) 4.5 m/s B) 8.3 m/s C) 13 m/s D) 18 m/s

43. The speed of the tennis ball as it leaves the launcher is approximately

A) 23 m B) 17 m C) 8.3 m D) 4.1 m

44. The total horizontal distance traveled by the tennis ball during the entire time it is in the air isapproximately

A) decreases B) increasesC) remains the same

45. The speed at which the launcher fires tennis balls is constant, but the angle between the launcher andthe horizontal can be varied. As the angle is decreased from 45° to 30.°, the range of the tennis balls

46. Base your answer to the following question on theinformation and diagram below.

A 60.-kilogram adult and a 30.-kilogram child arepassengers on a rotor ride at an amusement park.When the rotating hollow cylinder reaches a certainconstant speed, v, the floor moves downward. Bothpassengers stay "pinned" against the wall of therotor, as shown in the diagram below.

A) less B) greaterC) the same

Compared to the magnitude of the acceleration of theadult, the magnitude of the acceleration of the childis

A) less B) greaterC) the same

47. A 60.-kilogram adult and a 30.-kilogram child arepassengers on a rotor ride at an amusement park.When the rotating hollow cylinder reaches a certainconstant speed, v, the floor moves downward. Bothpassengers stay "pinned" against the wall of therotor, as shown in the diagram below.

Compared to the magnitude of the force acting onthe adult, the magnitude of the force acting on thechild is

A)

B)

C)

D)

48. Which graph best represents the relationshipbetween the magnitude of the centripetalacceleration and the speed of an object moving in acircle of constant radius?

A) B)

C) D)

49. In the diagram below, S is a point on a car tirerotating at a constant rate.

Which graph best represents the magnitude of thecentripetal acceleration of point S as a function oftime?

A) 1g B) 2g C) 3g D) 0g

50. An amusement park ride moves a rider at a constantspeed of 14 meters per second in a horizontalcircular path of radius 10. meters. What is the rider'scentripetal acceleration in terms of g, theacceleration due to gravity?

Base your answers to questions 51 and 52 on theinformation and diagram below.

The diagram shows a student seated on arotating circular platform, holding a 2.0-kilogramblock with a spring scale. The block is 1.2 metersfrom the center of the platform. The block has aconstant speed of 8.0 meters per second.[Frictional forces on the block are negligible.]

A) Its velocity is directed tangent to the circularpath, with an inward acceleration.

B) Its velocity is directed tangent to the circularpath, with an outward acceleration.

C) Its velocity is directed perpendicular to thecircular path, with an inward acceleration.

D) Its velocity is directed perpendicular to thecircular path, with an outward acceleration.

51. Which statement best describes the block’smovement as the platform rotates?

A) 20. N B) 53 NC) 110 N D) 130 N

52. The reading on the spring scale is approximately

A) B)

C) D)

53. A car rounds a horizontal curve of constant radius ata constant speed. Which diagram best represents thedirections of both the car’s velocity, v, andacceleration, a?

A) B)

C) D)

54. The diagram below represents a ball undergoinguniform circular motion as it travels clockwise on astring.

At the moment shown in the diagram, what are thecorrect directions of both the velocity and centripetalacceleration of the ball?

A) 0 m/s B) 2 m/sC) 50 m/s D) 125 m/s

55. A rock dropped off a bridge takes 5 seconds to hitthe water. Approximately what was the rock'svelocity just before impact?

A) accelerationB) decrease in potential energyC) increase in kinetic energyD) increase in momentum

56. Two unequal masses falling freely from the samepoint above the earth's surface would experience thesame

A) halved B) doubledC) unchanged D) quadrupled

57. If the mass of an object were doubled, itsacceleration due to gravity would be

A) B)C) D)

58. A -kilogram car travels at a constantspeed of 20. meters per second around a horizontalcircular track. The diameter of the track is

meters. The magnitude of the car'scentripetal acceleration is

A) doubling V and doubling RB) doubling V and halving RC) halving V and doubling RD) halving V and halving R

59. A ball of mass M at the end of a string is swinging ina horizontal circular path of radius R at constantspeed V. Which combination of changes wouldrequire the greatest increase in the centripetal forceacting on the ball?

Base your answers to questions 60 and 61 on thediagram below which shows a 2.0-kilogram carttraveling at a constant speed in a horizontal circle ofradius 3.0 meters. The magnitude of the centripetalforce of the cart is 24 Newtons.

A) 8.0 m/s2 directed toward point AB) 8.0 m/s2 directed toward point DC) 12 m/s2 directed toward point AD) 12 m/s2 directed toward point D

60. In the position shown, the acceleration of the cart is

A) 6.0 m/s B) 16 m/sC) 36 m/s D) 4.0 m/s

61. What is the speed of the cart?

Base your answers to questions 62 through 67 on the information and graph below.

A machine fired several projectiles at the same angle, , above the horizontal. Eachprojectile was fired with a different initial velocity, vi. The graph below represents therelationship between the magnitude of the initial vertical velocity, viy, and themagnitude of the corresponding initial velocity, vi, of these projectiles

62. Determine the magnitude of the initial vertical velocity of the projectile, viy, when the magnitude ofits initial velocity, vi, was 40. meters per second.

63. Determine the angle, , above the horizontal at which the projectiles were fired.

64. Determine the magnitude of the initial vertical velocity of the projectile, viy, when the magnitude ofits initial velocity, vi, was 40. meters per second. [1]

65. Determine the angle, , above the horizontal at which the projectiles were fired. [1]

66. Calculate the magnitude of the initial horizontal velocity of the projectile, vix, when the magnitude ofits initial velocity, vi, was 40. meters per second. [Show all work, including the equation andsubstitution with units.] [1] work [1] units

67. Calculate the magnitude of the initial horizontal velocity of the projectile, vix, when the magnitude ofits initial velocity, vi, was 40. meters per second. [Show all work, including the equation andsubstitution with units.]

Answer KeyMeasurement, Kinematics, Free Fall, Projectile Motion, and Uniform Circular Motion

1. C2. D3. C4. C5. B6. C7. D8. D9. B10. C11. D12. A13. A14. A15. B16. A17. D18. D19. D20. A21. C22. A23. D24. A25. C26. C27. D28. B29. A30. C31. C32. A33. A34. C35. C

36. B37. A38. D39. A40. A41. D42. A43. C44. B45. A46. C47. A48. B49. B50. B51. A52. C53. C54. A55. C56. A57. C58. C59. B60. D61. A62. 25 m/s 1 m/s.63. 39º 2º64. 25 m/s 1 m/s.65. 39° 2°66.

67.